CN113722834A - Deep-sea light high-submergence-depth zero-Poisson-ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell and design method - Google Patents
Deep-sea light high-submergence-depth zero-Poisson-ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell and design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep-sea light high-submergence deep zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell and a design method thereof, wherein the design method comprises a direct optimization design method or a functional element optimization design method, and the functional element optimization design method comprises the following steps: s1, converting the pressure load to a single metamaterial functional element by using a periodic boundary condition; s2, the circumferential period of the metamaterial functional elements is specified, and then the metamaterial functional elements are extended outwards in the radial direction along the central angle ray for a radial period; and rotating the obtained radial functional element group for a circle along the circumferential direction to obtain the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer. The invention can bear ultrahigh external pressure, so that the outer shell is stressed uniformly, the accurate shape and constant buoyancy reserve can be kept, and only small stress is transferred to the inner shell. Meanwhile, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, less consumed materials than the design of the conventional pressure-resistant shell, strong pressure-bearing capacity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship and ocean engineering, in particular to a deep-sea light high-submergence-depth zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell and a design method thereof.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of different tasks such as deep sea military safety, resource exploration and commerce, a high-performance light submersible tending to large submergence depth, long voyage and high voyage speed becomes an important development direction. The pressure-resistant shell is used as a core component of the submersible, and the design of the pressure-resistant shell needs to meet the requirements of low weight water discharge ratio, high strength and stability, which puts higher requirements on the structural performance of the pressure-resistant shell.
At present, common materials of the deep sea pressure-resistant shell are generally divided into two types, namely metal and nonmetal, such as high-strength steel, high-strength aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, fiber-reinforced resin matrix composite material and the like, but researches on using a metamaterial as a pressure-resistant material are very rare.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems, a deep-sea light high-submergence-depth zero-poisson-ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell with a simple structure and high pressure-bearing capacity and a design method are needed.
A design method of a zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer comprises a direct optimization design method or a functional element optimization design method, and the functional element optimization design method comprises the following steps:
s1, converting the pressure load to a single metamaterial functional element by using a periodic boundary condition;
s2, the circumferential period of the metamaterial functional elements is specified, and then the metamaterial functional elements are extended outwards in the radial direction along the central angle ray for a radial period; and rotating the obtained radial functional element group for a circle along the circumferential direction to obtain the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer.
In one embodiment, the step S2 is followed by the steps of:
and S3, obtaining a three-dimensional structure by stretching the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer out of plane.
In one embodiment, the circumferential period is a central angle; the radial period is the number of layers.
In one embodiment, the design carrier of the zero-poisson-ratio metamaterial core layer comprises a functional element topology with zero-poisson-ratio effect.
In one embodiment, the zero poisson's ratio metamaterial core layer is subjected to a maximum stress less than the yield limit of its parent material.
A deep-sea light high-submergence-depth zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell comprises:
a housing;
the inner shell is arranged inside the outer shell, and the zero-Poisson-ratio metamaterial core layer manufactured by the design method of the zero-Poisson-ratio metamaterial core layer is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell.
In one embodiment, the outer shell and the inner shell have a set thickness.
According to the deep-sea light high-submergence-depth zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell and the design method, the pressure-resistant shell bears the external radial high-amplitude hydrostatic pressure in the large submergence depth and can be converted into the micro displacement of the metamaterial functional elements of the zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial core layer, so that ultrahigh external pressure can be borne, the outer shell is stressed uniformly, the accurate appearance and constant buoyancy reserve can be kept, and only small stress is transmitted to the inner shell. Meanwhile, the pressure-resistant structure has the advantages of simple structure, less consumed materials compared with the conventional pressure-resistant shell design, strong pressure-bearing capacity and the like, provides an idea for designing the pressure-resistant structure of deep sea equipment or instruments by adopting conventional metals, has a very wide application prospect, and has important industrial and commercial values.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
In FIG. 1, FIG. 1a is a mixed positive and negative Poisson ratio combination type of a typical zero Poisson ratio metamaterial functional element topology; FIG. 1b is a half hexagonal inside corner combination of a typical zero Poisson ratio metamaterial functional element topology;
in FIG. 2, FIG. 2a is a functional unit configuration of the zero Poisson ratio functional unit obtained by optimization; FIG. 2b is a stress distribution diagram under periodic boundary conditions of the zero Poisson ratio functional primitive obtained by optimization;
FIG. 3 is a pressure displacement distribution diagram of a deep-sea light high-submergence deep zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell;
FIG. 4 is a pressure stress distribution diagram of a deep-sea light high-submergence deep zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell;
FIG. 5 is a structural front view of a deep-sea light high-submergence deep zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell 1/4;
fig. 6 is an isometric view of a deep-sea lightweight high-submergence zero-poisson-ratio metamaterial pressure containment structure.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The conception of the invention is as follows: the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial refers to a mechanical metamaterial with no deformation in the other direction when a cell element bears a unidirectional tensile or compressive load. The zero Poisson ratio metamaterial micro-unit structure mainly has two design concepts: firstly, directly designing a novel zero Poisson ratio cell configuration; secondly, the positive and negative Poisson ratio cell structures are combined to obtain a macroscopic zero Poisson ratio effect, wherein two most typical topological forms of the combination type are a mixed positive and negative Poisson ratio combination type proposed by Olympo and the like and a half-inner hexagonal combination type proposed by Grima and the like.
The technical difficulty of the invention is that:
1): how to design zero Poisson ratio metamaterial functional elements aiming at a specified deep working condition. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the direct design method needs to carry out integral modeling calculation on the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial structure, and although the direct design method is a feasible scheme, the calculation scale is huge; and the adoption of a functional element design method involves how to convert the large-submersible-depth hydrostatic pressure load to a single functional element and convert the global design of the pressure-resistant metamaterial structure to the local design of the zero-Poisson's ratio functional element. The two design methods should achieve the same effect. The solution is as follows: and decoupling the functional primitives and the overall structure by adopting a Periodic Boundary Condition (PBC) technology, and designing the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial functional primitives by combining an optimization method.
2): and in particular to the processing and manufacturing of the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial sandwich layer. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if ordinary welding, such as welding gun welding, is adopted between cell walls of the metamaterial functional base with zero Poisson's ratio, the welding quality of the structure cannot be guaranteed, and the condition of welding failure is easy to occur. In addition, residual stress is easily generated at the welding position, and the bearing performance of the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer is greatly reduced. The solution is as follows: manufactured by integral casting or 3D printing techniques.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a zero poisson ratio metamaterial core layer, including a direct optimization design method or a functional element optimization design method, where the functional element optimization design method includes the following steps:
s1, converting the pressure load to a single metamaterial functional element by using a periodic boundary condition;
s2, the circumferential period of the metamaterial functional elements is specified, and then the metamaterial functional elements are extended outwards in the radial direction along the central angle ray for a radial period; and rotating the obtained radial functional element group for a circle along the circumferential direction to obtain the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer. In this embodiment, the circumferential period is a central angle; the radial period is the number of layers.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step S2 is followed by the steps of:
and S3, obtaining a three-dimensional structure by stretching the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer out of plane. The zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer can be completely continuous in the stretching dimension and can also be discretely used as a pressure-resistant rib plate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the design carrier of the zero poisson's ratio metamaterial core layer includes a functional element topology having a zero poisson's ratio effect. That is, the zero poisson's ratio functional primitive is not limited to a particular topology.
Preferably, the zero poisson's ratio metamaterial core layer is subjected to a maximum stress less than the yield limit of its parent material. Therefore, the deformation of the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer is reduced, and the bearing performance of the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer is improved.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a deep-sea light high-submergence-depth zero-poisson-ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant housing, including: an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 3.
The inner shell 3 is arranged inside the outer shell 1, and the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer 2 manufactured by the design method of the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer is arranged between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 3.
Alternatively, the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 3 have a set thickness. Therefore, the static water load borne by the pressure shell can be fully transmitted into the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer 2, and the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial can achieve a full unloading effect. In this embodiment, the manufacturing method of the metamaterial pressure-resistant housing includes casting and 3D additive manufacturing techniques.
In the invention, a semi-hexagonal zero-Poisson-ratio metamaterial functional unit topological configuration is taken as an example to explain the deep-sea light high-submersible zero-Poisson-ratio metamaterial pressure-resistant shell and the design method.
According to the semi-hexagonal zero-Poisson's ratio metamaterial functional element topology shown in FIG. 1a, a metamaterial base material is selected, in this example, TC4 titanium alloy is selected, the elastic modulus E is 115GPa, and the density isρ＝4.44×103kg/m3And the poisson ratio v is 0.33. The method is characterized in that the geometric parameters of functional elements, namely the length h of a long edge, the length l of a bevel edge and the wall thickness t are used as design variables, Periodic Boundary Conditions (PBC) are applied to the periphery of the functional elements, hydrostatic pressure load is used as a working condition (Q is 10MPa, which is equivalent to 1000m water depth), and a finite element mathematical expression (1) is optimally designed as follows:
in the formula, XlAnd XuFor designing vectors of upper and lower limits of variables, p*Rho is the relative density, K is the functional element stiffness matrix, U is the functional element displacement matrix, σmaxMaximum Mises stress, σ, for functional primitivessThe yield limit of the base material, i.e., the yield limit σ of the titanium alloy TC4 in this examples860 MPa. The optimized functional element is shown in FIG. 2b, and the maximum stress σ of the zero-Poisson ratio functional elementmax＝483.01MPa<860MPa, meeting the design ultimate strength requirement.
The arrangement mode of the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial in the whole metamaterial structure is as follows: the circumferential period of the metamaterial functional elements is 4 degrees (namely the central angle)
) Then, the functional elements are extended outwards along the central angle ray in the radial direction, the number of the radial periodic layers is 8, then the obtained radial functional element groups are rotated for one circle along the circumferential direction, and the pressure-resistant shell structure of the closed ring is obtained as shown in fig. 3, wherein the maximum stress sigma of the stress distribution in fig. 4 is shown in fig. 3max＝347.4MPa<860MPa, meets the design ultimate strength requirement, and the pressure-resistant structure can bear hydrostatic pressure and ensure the structural safety. It is noted that, since the inner and outer panels of the metamaterial structure bear partial loads, the maximum stress of 347.4MPa of the pressure shell is smaller than the maximum stress of 483.01MPa of the designed functional unit.
Stretching a planar two-dimensional structure into a three-dimensional structure in an out-of-plane direction, a three-dimensional geometric model as shown in fig. 5 and 6, which model can be further used for 3D printing additive manufacturing.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
the pressure shell bears the high hydrostatic pressure of the radial high amplitude of the outside in the deep position of great diving, can be converted into the micro displacement of the metamaterial functional element of the metamaterial core layer with zero Poisson ratio, thereby bearing the ultrahigh external pressure, leading the stress of the shell to be even and keeping the accurate appearance and the constant buoyancy reserve, and only transmitting the smaller stress to the inner shell. Meanwhile, the pressure-resistant structure has the advantages of simple structure, less consumed materials compared with the conventional pressure-resistant shell design, strong pressure-bearing capacity and the like, provides an idea for designing the pressure-resistant structure of deep sea equipment or instruments by adopting conventional metals, has a very wide application prospect, and has important industrial and commercial values.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-described examples merely represent several embodiments of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A design method of a zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer is characterized by comprising a direct optimization design method or a functional element optimization design method, wherein the functional element optimization design method comprises the following steps:
s1, converting the pressure load to a single metamaterial functional element by using a periodic boundary condition;
s2, the circumferential period of the metamaterial functional elements is specified, and then the metamaterial functional elements are extended outwards in the radial direction along the central angle ray for a radial period; and rotating the obtained radial functional element group for a circle along the circumferential direction to obtain the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer.
2. The method for designing a zero poisson' S ratio metamaterial core layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S2 is followed by the further steps of:
and S3, obtaining a three-dimensional structure by stretching the zero Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer out of plane.
3. The method of designing a zero poisson's ratio metamaterial core layer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the circumferential period is a central angle; the radial period is the number of layers.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the design carrier of the zero-poisson-ratio metamaterial core layer comprises a functional element topology with zero-poisson-ratio effect.
5. The method of designing a zero poisson's ratio metamaterial core layer as in claim 1, wherein the zero poisson's ratio metamaterial core layer experiences a maximum stress that is less than a yield limit of its parent material.
6. The utility model provides a zero poisson's ratio withstand voltage casing of big deep-sea deep dive of light, its characterized in that includes:
a housing (1);
an inner shell (3), wherein the inner shell (3) is arranged inside the outer shell (1), and a zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer (2) manufactured by the design method of the zero-Poisson ratio metamaterial core layer of any one of claims 1 to 5 is arranged between the outer shell (1) and the inner shell (3).
7. The deep-sea lightweight large-submergence deep zero-poisson's ratio metamaterial pressure hull as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the outer shell (1) and the inner shell (3) have a set thickness.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN115182948A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-10-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Mechanical metamaterial unit and structure |
| CN115571305A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-06 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Method and device for designing net buoyancy stability of composite material spherical pressure-resistant shell |
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