CN113720387A - Electrical fire early warning method - Google Patents
Electrical fire early warning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113720387A CN113720387A CN202111007699.0A CN202111007699A CN113720387A CN 113720387 A CN113720387 A CN 113720387A CN 202111007699 A CN202111007699 A CN 202111007699A CN 113720387 A CN113720387 A CN 113720387A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an electric fire early warning method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the current temperature value and current value of at least one measured point in the electric loop; calculating the operation value of each measured point according to the temperature value and the current value of each measured point; respectively comparing the operation value of each measured point with an early warning value corresponding to the measured point, wherein the early warning value corresponding to each measured point is predetermined; and determining whether to send out early warning information according to the comparison result. The method is used for early warning of the electrical fire, the electrical fire can be found in advance and early warned, and the probability of the electrical fire can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical fire monitoring and early warning, in particular to an electrical fire early warning method.
Background
An electrical fire is a fire caused by thermal energy released by electrical lines, consumers, appliances, and distribution equipment in a failure. The electric fire is high in concealment, fast in combustion and not easy to extinguish, so that the probability of electric fire occurrence can be effectively reduced by finding and early warning the electric fire in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention has been made to provide an electrical fire warning method that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical fire early warning method, including: acquiring the current temperature value and current value of at least one measured point in the electric loop; calculating the operation value of each measured point according to the temperature value and the current value of each measured point; respectively comparing the operation value of each measured point with an early warning value corresponding to the measured point, wherein the early warning value corresponding to each measured point is predetermined; and determining whether to send out early warning information according to the comparison result.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the electrical fire warning method provided by the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention.
Drawings
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawings, and may assist in a comprehensive understanding of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an electrical fire warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart for determining an early warning value according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of calculating an early warning value according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that the figures are not drawn to scale and that elements of similar structure or function are generally represented by like reference numerals throughout the figures for illustrative purposes. It should also be noted that the drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention itself. The drawings do not show every aspect of the described embodiments and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiment is one embodiment of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
An electrical fire refers to thermal energy released due to a failure of an electrical line, a consumer, an appliance, and a power supply and distribution equipment: energy released such as high temperature, arcing, electrical sparks, and non-failure; such as hot surfaces of electric heating appliances, fires caused by ignition of the body or other combustible material under burning conditions, including fires caused by lightning and static electricity.
The damage of the electrical fire to the life and property of people is very serious, so that the monitoring of the electrical fire should be enhanced, and the occurrence of the electrical fire can be early warned in advance.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical fire early warning method, and fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the electrical fire early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the electrical fire early warning method includes: step 11, acquiring a current temperature value and a current value of at least one measured point in the electric loop; step 12, calculating the operation value of the measured point according to each measured temperature value and the current value; step 13, comparing the operation value of each measured point with the early warning value corresponding to the measured point, wherein the early warning value corresponding to each measured point is predetermined; and step 14, determining whether to send out early warning information according to the comparison result.
In step 11, a person skilled in the art can obtain the temperature value and the current value of the measured point by monitoring the whole or a certain section of the electrical circuit, or can obtain the temperature value and the current value of the measured point by directly monitoring the measured point in the electrical circuit. It can be understood that the current value of the measured point and the temperature value are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, when the current value of a certain measured point at a certain moment is obtained, the temperature value of the measured point at the moment is obtained at the same time.
In the process of acquiring the temperature value and the current value of at least one measured point in the electric loop, namely in the sampling process, according to the nyquist sampling theorem, when the sampling frequency is greater than 2 times of the highest frequency in the signals, the digital signals after sampling can completely retain the information in the original signals. In practical application, the sampling frequency can be 2.56-4 times of the highest frequency of the signal. In the embodiment of the invention, because the frequency of the national power grid is 50Hz, the sampling frequency can be 200 Hz.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the operation value may be a ratio of a temperature value and a square of a current value.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the operation value may be a ratio of an open square of the temperature value and the current value.
In the temperature-based electric fire early warning device, because the electric load of an electric loop changes at any time, namely, a plurality of loads are arranged on one electric loop, the number of the loads can be increased or reduced, the current flowing through the electric loop changes along with the change of the load, and the temperature also changes; or, a load is connected to one electrical loop, when the type of the load connected to the electrical loop changes, the current flowing through the electrical loop changes, the temperature also changes, and the early warning of the electrical fire needs to automatically adapt to the change of the type or the number of the load.
When the resistance of the point to be measured, i.e. the load connected in the electrical circuit, is constant, the temperature is proportional to the square of the current. The ratio is selected as a calculation value, so that the influence caused by load change accessed in an electric loop can be shielded, and the electric early warning method can automatically adapt to the change of the load. In some embodiments, the operation value may be a ratio of the temperature value to the N-th power of the current value, and in other embodiments, the operation value may also be a ratio of the N-th power of the current value to the temperature value, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
Further comprising: respectively determining an early warning value corresponding to each measured point, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of determining an early warning value provided by an embodiment of the present invention, see fig. 2, wherein for each measured point, the early warning value is determined through the following steps:
and 103, determining an early warning value according to the plurality of operation value samples.
In some embodiments, the temperature value and the corresponding current value of the measured point can be obtained by monitoring the electrical loop, the whole or a certain section of the electrical loop can be monitored, and the measured point in the electrical loop can also be monitored. In other embodiments, historical operating data of the electrical loop can be collected through the cloud platform server, so that the temperature value of the measured point and the corresponding current value can be obtained.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in step 101, in the process of acquiring multiple sets of sample data, a current value and a corresponding temperature value of a certain measured point within a period of time may be continuously acquired, or a current value and a corresponding temperature value of a certain measured point at different times may be acquired.
Alternatively, the current value of the measured point in the electrical circuit can be obtained by determining the current value of the measured point through the current waveform signal, or by directly measuring the measured point in the electrical circuit.
In step 103, the early warning value can be calculated according to the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation of the multiple operation value samples, and the calculation method can prevent the early warning value from being influenced by the magnitude of the current value.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a process of calculating an early warning value according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, specifically, in step 103, determining an early warning value according to a plurality of operation value samples includes:
a step 1031 of calculating an arithmetic mean value μ of the plurality of operation value samples;
and step 1033, setting the early warning value to TH ═ μ +2 σ.
At this time, when the electric circuit is normally operated, the probability that the calculated value falls within the (μ -2 σ, μ +2 σ) interval is 95.44%, the probability that the calculated value falls outside the interval is 4.56%, and the probability that the calculated value is larger than the warning value is 2.28%. According to the basic ideas of probability theory and hypothesis testing, the small-probability event refers to an event with the occurrence probability of less than 5%, and therefore when the electric circuit operates normally, the small-probability event is obtained when the operation value is greater than the early warning value. A small probability of an event is almost impossible to occur in one trial, but is inevitable in multiple iterations. Therefore, the warning value is set to μ +2 σ, and when the calculated value is larger than the warning value, it is indicated that a small probability event occurs when the electric circuit is normally operated, and it is indicated that the calculated value in the electric circuit is abnormal. The method for calculating the early warning value enables the result to be more accurate and can reduce the false alarm rate.
In some embodiments, the calculation of the warning value according to the plurality of operation value samples may also be performed by first calculating a standard deviation of the plurality of operation value samples and then calculating an arithmetic mean of the plurality of operation value samples. In other embodiments, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of multiple samples of the operation value may also be calculated simultaneously.
Further comprising: the load of the electrical circuit is monitored, and the early warning value can be adjusted based on the change of the load. When the load of the monitored electric circuit is not changed, the early warning value is not changed. When the monitored electrical circuit increases or decreases the load, the warning value can be automatically recalculated according to the method. In other embodiments, the warning value may be recalculated after the instruction is manually issued. Along with the change of the access load in the electric loop, the early warning value is recalculated, and the change of the electric loop is adaptively adjusted in time, so that the electric fire early warning is more accurate and more timely.
In step 101, a person skilled in the art can obtain multiple sets of sample data, that is, temperature values and current values of a measured point, by monitoring the whole electrical loop or a certain section of the electrical loop, or can obtain the temperature values and current values of the measured point by directly monitoring the measured point in the electrical loop. It can be understood that the current value of the measured point and the temperature value are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, when the current value of a certain measured point at a certain moment is obtained, the temperature value of the measured point at the moment is obtained at the same time. In the process of obtaining multiple groups of sample data, due to the influence of sampling interference noise, the change rule of the operation values of the multiple groups of sample data obeys normal distribution, and at the moment, the early warning value can be determined through statistical calculation. When acquiring sample data of an electrical circuit, the number of the acquired sample data should be more than or equal to 50 in order to make the statistical calculation result more accurate. In the embodiment of the invention, sample data of 300 measured points in the electric circuit, namely current values and corresponding temperature values of the measured points can be acquired. The sample data corresponding to each measured point may include a current value and a corresponding temperature value of the measured point continuously acquired within a period of time, or may include current values and corresponding temperature values of the measured point at different times.
In some embodiments, the acquired temperature value and current value of the electrical circuit may be filtered before calculating the operation value of the measured point according to the temperature value and current value in step 12. Since the process of acquiring the temperature value and the current value is interfered by noise, filtering is required to remove the noise. In the embodiment of the invention, smooth filtering can be selected to denoise the current value. Optionally, the current value after filtering at a certain time is an arithmetic average of the sampling value at the certain time, the sampling value at the previous time and the sampling value at the later time. In other embodiments, the current value may be filtered by a fourier transform method or a wavelet analysis method.
After filtering the current values, an effective value of the filtered current values may be calculated. The effective value is defined according to the heat effect of the current, an alternating current and a direct current are respectively made to pass through the resistors with the same resistance value, and if the heat generated in the same time is equal, the value of the direct current is changed into the effective value of the alternating current. The effective value of the current value is calculated, so that the operation of obtaining the current value is simpler, the instantaneous value of the alternating current is not required to be collected, and the calculation result is more accurate.
Alternatively, the calculated value may be calculated from the effective value of the filtered current value and the corresponding temperature value.
Optionally, a plurality of sets of acquired sample data may also be filtered, that is, a current value of a measured point in the electrical circuit and a corresponding temperature value are filtered.
Optionally, after the sample data is filtered, an effective value of the filtered current value may be calculated, an operation value sample may be calculated according to the effective value of the current value and the corresponding temperature value, and an early warning value may be calculated according to the operation value sample. Accordingly, the above-described operation value and the early warning value calculated according to the effective value of the filtered current value and the corresponding temperature value may be compared.
In the embodiment of the invention, a time can be preset, and the early warning value is recalculated after the preset time, so that the abnormal condition in the operation process of the electric loop can be avoided, but the false judgment or omission of the electric fire caused by the fact that the early warning value is not updated in time is avoided. In some embodiments, a time, such as monday of each week or 12 th of each month, may also be preset to automatically update the warning value.
Before the early warning value is recalculated, the sample data in the electric circuit can be acquired again, and the early warning value is calculated according to the newly acquired sample data, so that the accuracy of the calculated early warning value is ensured.
The at least one measured point comprises a plurality of measured points.
And if the operation value of at least one measured point in the plurality of measured points is greater than or equal to the early warning value corresponding to the measured point, sending out early warning information. In the embodiment of the invention, three measured points are selected in the electric loop, and the calculation value of each measured point and the early warning value corresponding to each measured point are respectively calculated according to the method. And in the process of comparing the calculated value with the early warning value, as long as the calculated value of one of the three measured points is greater than or equal to the early warning value, the electric fire early warning is carried out. In other embodiments, other numbers of points to be measured can be selected in the electrical circuit. Alternatively, the number of the measured points can correspond to the number of loads connected into the electric circuit, and one measured point can be selected at each load.
In step 14, specifically, when the operation value is greater than or equal to the warning value, fire warning information is issued. Optionally, the fire early warning may be performed by an audible and visual alarm, may be performed by a bell or a broadcast, or may be connected to the cloud platform via a network.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the electrical fire early warning method provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
The components for performing the above method in the above embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or may exist separately. The integrated components can be realized in the form of hardware or software functional components.
The components, if implemented in software features and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow in the method according to the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium and used by a processor to implement the steps of the above embodiments of the method. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like.
It should also be noted that, in the case of the embodiments of the present invention, features of the embodiments and examples may be combined with each other to obtain a new embodiment without conflict.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present invention is subject to the scope of the claims.
Claims (14)
1. An electrical fire early warning method, comprising:
acquiring the current temperature value and current value of at least one measured point in the electric loop;
calculating the operation value of each measured point according to the temperature value and the current value of each measured point;
respectively comparing the operation value of each measured point with an early warning value corresponding to the measured point, wherein the early warning value corresponding to each measured point is predetermined;
and determining whether to send out early warning information according to the comparison result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculated value is a ratio of a temperature value and a square of a current value.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the computed value is a ratio of a square of a temperature value and a current value.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: respectively determining the early warning value corresponding to each measured point, wherein for each measured point, the early warning value is determined through the following steps:
acquiring a plurality of groups of sample data, wherein each group of sample data comprises a temperature value of the measured point and a corresponding current value;
calculating the operation value of each group of the sample data respectively to obtain a plurality of operation value samples;
and determining the early warning value according to a plurality of the operation value samples.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the pre-alarm value is calculated from an arithmetic mean and a standard deviation of the plurality of samples of the operation value.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the early warning value from the plurality of samples of operational values comprises:
calculating an arithmetic mean μ of the plurality of samples of operation values;
calculating a standard deviation σ of the plurality of samples of operation values;
the early warning value is TH ═ mu +2 sigma.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
monitoring a load of the electrical circuit, and adjusting the early warning value based on a change in the load.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and filtering the acquired current value and the acquired temperature value.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
and calculating the effective value of the filtered current value.
10. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and filtering the acquired multiple groups of sample data.
11. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and after a preset time, recalculating the early warning value.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one measured point comprises a plurality of measured points.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein if the calculated value of at least one of the measured points is greater than or equal to the warning value corresponding to the measured point, warning information is sent out.
14. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1-13.
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| CN202111007699.0A CN113720387A (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Electrical fire early warning method |
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| CN102103160A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-06-22 | 中国建筑科学研究院 | Residual current monitoring alarm method, system and detection controller |
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