CN113715330A - Interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method - Google Patents

Interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113715330A
CN113715330A CN202111025051.6A CN202111025051A CN113715330A CN 113715330 A CN113715330 A CN 113715330A CN 202111025051 A CN202111025051 A CN 202111025051A CN 113715330 A CN113715330 A CN 113715330A
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China
Prior art keywords
spray head
fiber composite
material liquid
additive manufacturing
liquid pool
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CN202111025051.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113715330B (en
Inventor
单忠德
刘晓军
刘检华
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Priority to CN202111025051.6A priority Critical patent/CN113715330B/en
Publication of CN113715330A publication Critical patent/CN113715330A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/241—Driving means for rotary motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/314—Preparation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention provides interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and a method, wherein the equipment comprises: the wire rod transmission structure is used for transmitting the first fiber wire rod; a first material liquid pool for accommodating a molten resin material; the spray head is arranged on the first driving structure, and one end of the first fiber wire rod penetrates through the first material liquid pool and is inserted into the spray head; the forming substrate is arranged at intervals with the spray head; the forming substrate is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged in an array manner, each through hole is internally provided with a guide needle in a penetrating manner, and each guide needle is connected with a second fiber wire; and the second material liquid pool is used for accommodating molten resin materials, and one end of each second fiber wire far away from the guide needle is soaked in the resin materials in the second material liquid pool. The scheme of the invention solves the problem that the fiber composite material can not form continuous penetrating fibers vertical to the interlayer direction, so that the interlayer performance is weak.

Description

Interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of continuous fiber manufacturing, in particular to interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method.
Background
The development of the 3D printing technology is mature, the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing technology is gradually developed, but the problem of weak interlayer performance is still not well solved.
Researchers have proposed that the interlayer performance is enhanced by ways of laying short fibers between layers, weaving additive manufacturing in situ, implanting between layers, reinforcing by preset micro rods and the like, and the problem of poor performance caused by no Z-direction (direction vertical to the layers) fibers between the layers is effectively solved. However, due to the problems of the process method and the deflection and rigidity of the micro-rod, the existing reinforcing method can only embed short-length fibers in the additive manufacturing composite material, and cannot form continuous fibers penetrating in the direction perpendicular to the interlayer, so that the isotropic strength cannot be realized. In addition, the mode of presetting the fiber rods among the layers has higher realization difficulty due to the limitation of the processing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides interlayer through continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method, which are used for solving the problem that in the prior art, a fiber composite material cannot form continuous through fibers vertical to the interlayer direction, so that interlayer performance is weak.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment, which comprises:
the wire rod transmission structure is used for transmitting the first fiber wire rod;
a first material liquid pool for accommodating a molten resin material;
the spray head is arranged on the first driving structure, and one end of the first fiber wire rod penetrates through the first material liquid pool and is inserted into the spray head;
the forming substrate is arranged at an interval with the spray head and horizontally arranged below the spray head; the forming substrate is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged in an array manner, each through hole is internally provided with a guide needle in a penetrating manner, each guide needle extends on two sides of the forming substrate, and each guide needle is connected with a second fiber wire;
the spray head can horizontally move relative to the molding substrate through the first driving structure;
and the second material liquid pool is used for accommodating molten resin materials, and one end of each second fiber wire far away from the guide needle is soaked in the resin materials in the second material liquid pool.
Further, the wire rod transmission structure includes:
a motor;
the pay-off roller is coaxial with the output shaft of the motor, and one part of the first fiber wire is wound on the pay-off roller; the length of the first fiber wire rod wound on the pay-off roller is changed by the rotation of the output shaft of the motor;
and the part of the first fiber wire rod extending out of the pay-off roller bypasses the guide roller and is inserted into the first material liquid pool.
Further, the through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises:
a first heating coil disposed around the first material liquid bath for heating the resin material in the first material liquid bath to a molten state;
the first ultrasonic transducer is connected with the first material liquid pool and is used for applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the resin material melted in the first material liquid pool;
and the extrusion roller is arranged in the first material liquid pool, and the part of the first fiber material inserted into the first material liquid pool penetrates through the extrusion roller and is inserted into the spray head.
Further, the through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises:
a second heating coil disposed around the second material liquid bath for heating the resin material in the second material liquid bath to a molten state;
and the second ultrasonic transducer is connected with the second material liquid pool and is used for applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the resin material melted in the second material liquid pool.
Further, the first driving structure includes:
the spray head is slidably mounted on the movable mounting beam and can move along the movable mounting beam in a first horizontal direction;
the driving motor is connected with the movable mounting beam and can drive the movable mounting beam to move in a second horizontal direction and a vertical direction;
wherein the first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction.
Further, the through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises:
the first material liquid pool, the spray head, the forming substrate and the second material liquid pool are all arranged in the shell;
and the temperature adjusting device is arranged around the shell and used for enabling the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment penetrating between the layers to be in a preset temperature range.
Further, the through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises: a second drive structure;
the second driving structure is connected with the forming substrate, and the forming substrate can move in the vertical direction relative to the spray head through the second driving structure;
the second driving structure includes:
and one end of each lead screw is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell.
Further, the through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises: a guide needle fixing plate;
a plurality of installation through holes which are arranged in an array are formed in the guide needle fixing plate, and each guide needle is respectively inserted into the installation through holes for fixing;
and a third heating coil is also arranged on the guide needle fixing plate.
Further, the through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises:
the third driving structure is connected with the guide needle fixing plate; and the third driving structure can drive the guide needle fixing plate to move in the vertical direction.
Further, a gap exists between one end, close to the spray head, of the guide needle and the spray head.
Further, the spraying head is provided with a tension sensor for detecting the tension on the first fiber wire.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing method, which is applied to the interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and comprises the following steps:
outputting a first control signal to the wire transmission structure and a second control signal to the first driving structure, so that the wire transmission structure responds to the first control signal, and the first fiber wire penetrates through the first material liquid pool, is inserted into the spray head and then is printed from the spray head; the first driving structure responds to the second control signal and drives the spray head to move, and the first fiber wires extending out of the spray head are sequentially laid in the space between the guide needles to form a fiber composite material with a preset number of layers stacked by the first fiber wires; and outputting third control information to the first driving structure, and controlling the spray head to move to a position where the projection of the spray head on the forming substrate is not overlapped with the guide needle.
Further, the method for manufacturing the continuous fiber composite material additive material penetrating between layers further comprises the following steps:
and outputting a fourth control signal to the wire transmission structure, enabling the wire transmission structure to respond to the fourth control signal, and adjusting the tension on the first fiber by the wire transmission structure when the tension on the first fiber wire is not in a preset range.
The embodiment of the invention also provides interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment, which comprises:
the first output module is used for outputting a first control signal to the wire transmission structure and outputting a second control signal to the first driving structure, so that the wire transmission structure responds to the first control signal, and a first fiber wire penetrates through the first material liquid pool, is inserted into the spray head and is printed from the spray head; the first driving structure responds to the second control signal and drives the spray head to move, and the first fiber wires extending out of the spray head are sequentially laid in the space between the guide needles to form a fiber composite material with a preset number of layers stacked by the first fiber wires; and the second output module is used for outputting third control information to the first driving structure and controlling the spray head to move to a position where the projection of the spray head on the forming substrate is not overlapped with the guide needle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the fiber wires can be fully soaked by the resin material by arranging the material liquid pool, so that the fiber composite wires with higher performance are obtained; the fiber wire can be driven to penetrate through the layers of the fiber composite material by arranging the guide needle, so that the fiber composite material can form continuous fibers in the direction vertical to the layers. The problem of fibre composite material can not form perpendicular to the interlaminar direction continuous through's fibre, lead to the performance weak between the layer is solved, and processing technology restriction is few, equipment easy operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an interlaminar interpenetrating continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a finished fibrous composite according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of steps in a through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method, aiming at the problem that in the prior art, the interlayer performance is weak because a fiber composite material cannot form a Z-direction continuous penetrating fiber.
As illustrated in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an interpenetrated continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus, including:
a wire transport structure 1 for transporting a first fiber wire a;
a first material liquid pool 2 for accommodating a molten resin material;
the spray head 3 is arranged on the first driving structure 4, and one end of the first fiber wire A penetrates through the first material liquid pool 2 and is inserted into the spray head 3;
a molding substrate 5 disposed at an interval from the head 3 and horizontally disposed below the head 3; a plurality of through holes arranged in an array are formed in the forming substrate 5, a guide needle 6 penetrates through each through hole, each guide needle 6 extends on two sides of the forming substrate 5, and each guide needle 6 is connected with a second fiber wire B;
wherein, the spray head 3 can horizontally move relative to the molding substrate 5 through the first driving structure 4;
and the second material liquid pool 7 is used for accommodating a molten resin material, and one end of each second fiber wire B, which is far away from the guide needle 6, is soaked in the resin material of the second material liquid pool 7.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first material liquid pool may be disposed on the nozzle and move along with the movement of the nozzle.
The fiber wire is a composite fiber wire after being impregnated with the resin material.
It should be noted that the arrangement mode of the through holes arranged in an array on the molding substrate can be determined according to the requirement; the diameter of the guide needle is determined according to the requirement; the second fiber wires include at least one fiber wire, and a plurality of the second fiber wires may be fiber wires of different diameters, the diameter of the second fiber wires being determined as needed.
According to the interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the fiber wires can be fully soaked by the resin material by arranging the material liquid pool, so that the fiber composite wires with higher performance are obtained; the fiber wire can be driven to penetrate through the layers of the fiber composite material by arranging the guide needle, so that the fiber composite material can form continuous fibers in the direction vertical to the layers. The problem of fibre composite material can not form perpendicular to the interlaminar direction continuous through's fibre, lead to the performance weak between the layer is solved, and processing technology restriction is few, equipment easy operation.
Optionally, the wire transport structure comprises:
a motor 11;
the pay-off roller 12 is coaxially arranged with an output shaft of the motor 11, and one part of the first fiber wire material A is wound on the pay-off roller 12; the length of the first fiber wire material A wound on the pay-off roller 12 is changed by the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 11;
and the part of the first fiber wire A extending from the pay-off roller 12 bypasses the guide roller 13 and is inserted into the first material liquid pool 2.
Optionally, when the motor drives the pay-off roller to rotate forward, the pay-off roller pays off the first fiber wire, and the length of the first fiber wire wound on the pay-off roller is reduced; when the motor drives the paying-off roller to rotate reversely, the paying-off roller withdraws the first fiber wire rod, and the length of the first fiber wire rod on the paying-off roller is increased.
Optionally, the guide roller 13 further comprises: at least one tension roller 14, by means of which tension on the first fiber strand a can be adjusted 14.
According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with the interlayer penetration, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the first fiber wire can be transmitted to the first material liquid pool by arranging the wire transmission structure, the length and the speed of the first fiber wire entering the first material liquid pool can be automatically controlled, and the material processing efficiency is improved.
The interpass continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises:
a first heating coil 21 provided around the first material liquid bath 2 for heating the resin material in the first material liquid bath 2 to a molten state;
a first ultrasonic transducer 22 connected to the first material liquid pool 2 for applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the resin material melted in the first material liquid pool 2;
and the squeezing roller 23 is arranged in the first material liquid pool 2, and the part of the first fiber material A inserted into the first material liquid pool 2 penetrates through the squeezing roller 22 and is inserted into the spray head 3.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the maximum temperature that can be heated by the first heating coil is 400 ℃, and it is possible to heat and melt thermoplastic resins having different melting points, such as polylactic acid resin, ABS plastic, polyamide resin, polycarbonate resin, and polyether ether ketone resin, and it is also possible to heat and melt thermosetting resins having different melting points, such as epoxy resin. According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with the interlayer penetration, provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the arrangement of the first heating coil, the resin material in the first material liquid pool is always in a molten state in the operation process of the equipment, and meanwhile, the process requirements of different resin materials on the fiber composite material manufacturing can be met.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first material liquid pool is connected with an ultrasonic transducer, and ultrasonic vibration energy can be applied to the resin material in the first material liquid pool, so that the resin material can be better infiltrated into the first fiber wire. According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with interlayer penetration, the resin material in the first material liquid pool can be promoted to fully infiltrate the first fiber wire through the ultrasonic transducer connected with the first material liquid pool, and the strength of the fiber composite material wire is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the squeezing roller is arranged so that the first fiber wire is squeezed by the squeezing roller before entering the first material liquid pool or during the process of wetting in the first material liquid pool, so that the resin material in the first material liquid pool can enter the inside of the first fiber wire. According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing device penetrating through the layers, the first fiber wire can be more fully soaked by the resin material through extrusion of the extrusion roller, and the strength of the fiber composite material wire is improved.
Optionally, the continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus that interpenetrates between layers further comprises:
a second heating coil 71 provided around the second material liquid pool 7 for heating the resin material in the second material liquid pool 7 to a molten state;
and a second ultrasonic transducer 72 connected to the second material liquid pool 7 for applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the resin material melted in the second material liquid pool 7.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the maximum temperature that can be heated by the second heating coil is 400 ℃, and it is possible to heat and melt thermoplastic resins having different melting points, such as polylactic acid resin, ABS plastic, polyamide resin, polycarbonate resin, and polyether ether ketone resin, and it is also possible to heat and melt thermosetting resins having different melting points, such as epoxy resin. According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with the interlayer penetration, provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the arrangement of the second heating coil, the resin material in the second material liquid pool is always in a molten state in the operation process of the equipment, and meanwhile, the process requirements of different resin materials on the fiber composite material manufacturing can be met.
In an embodiment of the invention, the second material liquid pool is connected with an ultrasonic transducer, and ultrasonic vibration energy can be applied to the resin material in the second material liquid pool, so that the resin material can be better infiltrated into the second fiber wire. According to the interlayer-penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the resin material in the second material liquid pool can be promoted to fully infiltrate the second fiber wires through the ultrasonic transducer connected with the second material liquid pool, so that the performance of the fiber wires of the fiber composite material in the direction vertical to the interlayer is stronger, and the strength of the fiber composite material wires is improved.
Optionally, the first drive structure comprises:
the spray head 3 is slidably mounted on the movable mounting beam and can move along the movable mounting beam in a first horizontal direction;
the driving motor is connected with the movable mounting beam and can drive the movable mounting beam to move in a second horizontal direction and a vertical direction;
wherein the first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction.
In one embodiment of the invention, by arranging the first driving structure, the spray head can perform a single-layer plane filling path, and can realize cross filling, grid filling, ripple filling, honeycomb filling and the like at various angles except for orthogonal filling; as shown in fig. 2, the present invention is an orthogonal fiber composite material manufactured by an interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, the continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus that interpenetrates between layers further comprises:
the first material liquid pool 2, the spray head 3, the forming substrate 5 and the second material liquid pool 7 are all arranged in the shell 8;
and the temperature adjusting device 81 is arranged around the shell 8 and used for enabling the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment penetrating between the layers to be in a preset temperature range.
According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with interlayer penetration provided by the embodiment of the invention, the temperature adjusting device is arranged around the shell, so that the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with interlayer penetration is in a preset temperature range, the composite fiber material printed by the spray head is easy to warp and deform due to too low temperature, and the composite fiber material printed by the spray head is easy to melt and deform due to too high temperature.
Optionally, the continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus that interpenetrates between layers further comprises: a second drive structure;
the second driving structure is connected with the molding substrate 5, and the molding substrate 5 can move in the vertical direction relative to the spray head 3 through the second driving structure;
the second driving structure includes:
at least two lead screws 9, lead screw 9 one end fixed connection in 8 bottoms of casing.
In the embodiment of the invention, the molding substrate can be controlled to move in the vertical direction by the second driving structure.
According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with interlayer penetration, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the second driving structure is arranged, so that the forming substrate can be driven to move in the vertical direction, and the equipment fault or damage caused by the interference between the spray head and the guide needle in the operation process of the equipment can be avoided. Optionally, the continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus that interpenetrates between layers further comprises: a guide needle fixing plate 10;
a plurality of installation through holes arranged in an array are formed in the guide needle fixing plate 10, and each guide needle 6 is respectively inserted into the installation through holes for fixing;
the guide needle fixing plate 10 is further provided with a third heating coil.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second material liquid pool is fixedly connected to the guide needle fixing plate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, two lead screws may be connected to two sides of the guide pin fixing plate, or four lead screws may be connected to four corners of the guide pin fixing plate, and the guide pin fixing plate is controlled to move in a vertical direction along the lead screws by the lead screws.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the third heating coil is provided to heat the guide needle, so that the guide needle can be smoothly taken out from the plurality of layers of the composite fiber wire.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the guide needle fixing plate is fixedly connected to the housing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the guide needle fixing plate is used for fixing the guide needle to the guide needle fixing plate.
It can be understood that the first embodiment of the present invention:
the distance between one end of the guide needle close to the spray head and the forming substrate is larger than the preset thickness of the composite fiber wire which needs to be printed and laid, the spray head only moves in the horizontal direction, and the forming substrate is fixed.
Second embodiment of the invention:
the distance between one end of the guide needle close to the spray head and the forming substrate is larger than the diameter of the composite fiber wire and smaller than a preset distance; the spray head only moves in the horizontal direction, and the guide needle is fixed through the guide needle fixing plate; and when one layer of the composite fiber wire is paved on the spray head, the forming substrate moves downwards by the diameter distance of the composite fiber wire.
According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with interlayer penetration, one end of the guide needle can be fixed by arranging the guide needle fixing plate, and the guide needle and the forming substrate can be subjected to relative movement under the control of the second driving structure, so that equipment failure or damage caused by interference between the spray head and the guide needle in the operation process of the equipment is avoided.
Optionally, the continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus that interpenetrates between layers further comprises:
the third driving structure is connected with the guide needle fixing plate 10; and the third driving structure can drive the guide needle fixing plate 10 to move in the vertical direction.
It can be understood that the third embodiment of the present invention:
the distance between one end of the guide needle close to the spray head and the forming substrate is larger than the diameter of the composite fiber wire and smaller than a preset distance; the forming substrate is fixed, one layer of the composite fiber wire is paved at each time of the spray head, the guide needle fixing plate drives the guide needle to move upwards through the third driving structure for the distance of the diameter of the composite fiber wire, and meanwhile, the spray head drives the spray head to move upwards through the first driving structure for the distance of the diameter of the composite fiber wire.
According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with interlayer penetration, the third driving structure is arranged, so that the guide needle fixing plate can move in the vertical direction, and equipment failure or damage caused by interference between the spray head and the guide needle in the operation process of the equipment is avoided.
Optionally, a gap exists between one end of the guide needle 6 close to the spray head 3 and the spray head.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a predetermined gap is always maintained between one end of the guide needle close to the spray head and the spray head, so as to prevent the guide needle and the spray head from generating motion interference.
Optionally, a tension sensor is disposed on the nozzle 3, and is configured to detect a tension on the first fiber wire a.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the tension sensor detects that the tension on the first fiber is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, the tension roller moves in the vertical direction, and the distance between the tension roller and the guide roller in the vertical direction is reduced;
when the tension sensor detects that the tension on the first fiber is greater than a second threshold, the motor controls the pay-off roller to rotate in the forward direction;
when the tension sensor detects that the tension on the first fiber is greater than a third threshold and less than a fourth threshold, the tension roller moves in the vertical direction, and the distance between the tension roller and the guide roller in the vertical direction is increased;
and when the tension sensor detects that the tension on the first fiber is smaller than a third threshold, the motor controls the pay-off roller to rotate reversely.
According to the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment with interlayer penetration, the tension sensor is arranged on the spray head, so that the tension on the first fiber wire rod can be monitored in real time, and the tension on the first fiber wire rod is adjusted through the tension rollers in the pay-off roller and the guide roller, so that the tension on the first fiber wire rod is always in a range suitable for being soaked by the resin material. It is possible to obtain a composite fiber wire of high strength and to avoid the first fiber wire from being damaged or broken due to excessive tension.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing apparatus that penetrates between layers further includes:
the guide needle removing plate and the guide needle fixing plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide needle;
the guide needle removing plate is provided with a removing device corresponding to the guide needle, and the removing device is used for removing the guide needle from the fiber composite material and driving the second fiber wire to pass through the fiber composite material.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an interlayer penetrated continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing method, which is applied to the interlayer penetrated continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing apparatus described above, and includes:
step 301, outputting a first control signal to the wire transmission structure and a second control signal to the first driving structure, so that the wire transmission structure responds to the first control signal, and the first fiber wire penetrates through the first material liquid pool, is inserted into the spray head, and is printed from the spray head; the first driving structure responds to the second control signal and drives the spray head to move, and the first fiber wires extending out of the spray head are sequentially laid in the space between the guide needles to form a fiber composite material with the preset number of layers stacked by the first fiber wires.
In one embodiment of the invention, the paying-off roller rotates in the positive direction by outputting a first control signal to the wire transmission structure, and the spray head starts to print; and the first fiber wire rod discharged by the pay-off roller enters the spray head after being soaked by the molten resin material in the first material liquid pool, is printed out from the spray head and is laid in a gap between the guide needles on the forming substrate, and the steps are repeated until the composite fiber wire rods with the preset number of layers are laid to form the fiber composite material.
Step 302, outputting third control information to the first driving structure, and controlling the spray head to move to a position where the projection of the spray head on the molding substrate does not coincide with the guide needle.
Optionally, the method for manufacturing the continuous fiber composite material additive material through interlayer of the embodiment of the invention further comprises the step of
And pulling out the guide needle from the fiber composite material through the guide needle removing plate, driving a second fiber wire soaked by the resin material to penetrate through the fiber composite material along with the guide needle and stay in the fiber composite material, and forming a composite fiber wire continuously penetrating through the fiber composite material in a direction vertical to the interlayer.
The interlayer through continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing method solves the problem that the fiber composite material cannot form continuous through fibers vertical to the interlayer direction, so that interlayer performance is weak, and is less in limitation of processing technology and simple to operate.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and outputting a fourth control signal to the wire transmission structure, enabling the wire transmission structure to respond to the fourth control signal, and adjusting the tension on the first fiber by the wire transmission structure when the tension on the first fiber wire is not in a preset range.
According to the interlayer penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the tension on the first fiber wire can be ensured to be always in a range suitable for being soaked by the resin material by controlling the wire transmission structure. It is possible to obtain a composite fiber wire of high strength and to avoid the first fiber wire from being damaged or broken due to excessive tension.
As shown in fig. 4, embodiments of the present invention also provide an interpenetrated continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus 400, comprising:
the first output module 401 is configured to output a first control signal to a wire transmission structure and a second control signal to a first driving structure, so that the wire transmission structure responds to the first control signal, and a first fiber wire penetrates through the first material liquid tank, is inserted into a nozzle, and is printed from the nozzle; the first driving structure responds to the second control signal and drives the spray head to move, and the first fiber wires extending out of the spray head are sequentially laid in the space between the guide needles to form a fiber composite material with a preset number of layers stacked by the first fiber wires;
a second output module 402, configured to output third control information to the first driving structure, and control the nozzle to move to a position where a projection of the nozzle on the molding substrate does not coincide with the guide pin.
The interlayer-penetrating continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing device solves the problem that the fiber composite material cannot form fibers which penetrate continuously in the direction perpendicular to the interlayer direction, so that interlayer performance is weak, and is less in limitation of processing technology and simple to operate.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (14)

1. An interbedded through continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising: the wire rod transmission structure is used for transmitting the first fiber wire rod;
a first material liquid pool for accommodating a molten resin material;
the spray head is arranged on the first driving structure, and one end of the first fiber wire rod penetrates through the first material liquid pool and is inserted into the spray head;
the forming substrate is arranged at an interval with the spray head and horizontally arranged below the spray head; the forming substrate is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged in an array manner, each through hole is internally provided with a guide needle in a penetrating manner, each guide needle extends on two sides of the forming substrate, and each guide needle is connected with a second fiber wire;
the spray head can horizontally move relative to the molding substrate through the first driving structure;
and the second material liquid pool is used for accommodating molten resin materials, and one end of each second fiber wire far away from the guide needle is soaked in the resin materials in the second material liquid pool.
2. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wire transport structure comprises:
a motor;
the pay-off roller is coaxial with the output shaft of the motor, and one part of the first fiber wire is wound on the pay-off roller; the length of the first fiber wire rod wound on the pay-off roller is changed by the rotation of the output shaft of the motor;
and the part of the first fiber wire rod extending out of the pay-off roller bypasses the guide roller and is inserted into the first material liquid pool.
3. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a first heating coil disposed around the first material liquid bath for heating the resin material in the first material liquid bath to a molten state;
the first ultrasonic transducer is connected with the first material liquid pool and is used for applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the resin material melted in the first material liquid pool;
and the extrusion roller is arranged in the first material liquid pool, and the part of the first fiber material inserted into the first material liquid pool penetrates through the extrusion roller and is inserted into the spray head.
4. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a second heating coil disposed around the second material liquid bath for heating the resin material in the second material liquid bath to a molten state;
and the second ultrasonic transducer is connected with the second material liquid pool and is used for applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the resin material melted in the second material liquid pool.
5. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first drive structure comprises:
the spray head is slidably mounted on the movable mounting beam and can move along the movable mounting beam in a first horizontal direction;
the driving motor is connected with the movable mounting beam and can drive the movable mounting beam to move in a second horizontal direction and a vertical direction;
wherein the first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction.
6. The interbed through continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
the first material liquid pool, the spray head, the forming substrate and the second material liquid pool are all arranged in the shell;
and the temperature adjusting device is arranged around the shell and used for enabling the continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing equipment penetrating between the layers to be in a preset temperature range.
7. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 6, further comprising: a second drive structure;
the second driving structure is connected with the forming substrate, and the forming substrate can move in the vertical direction relative to the spray head through the second driving structure;
the second driving structure includes:
and one end of each lead screw is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell.
8. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a guide needle fixing plate;
a plurality of installation through holes which are arranged in an array are formed in the guide needle fixing plate, and each guide needle is respectively inserted into the installation through holes for fixing;
and a third heating coil is arranged on the guide needle fixing plate.
9. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 8, further comprising:
the third driving structure is connected with the guide needle fixing plate; and the third driving structure can drive the guide needle fixing plate to move in the vertical direction.
10. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a gap exists between an end of the guide pin proximate the spray head and the spray head.
11. The through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a tension sensor is disposed on the showerhead for detecting tension on the first fiber wire.
12. An interlaminar through continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing method applied to the interlaminar through continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising:
outputting a first control signal to the wire transmission structure and a second control signal to the first driving structure, so that the wire transmission structure responds to the first control signal, and the first fiber wire penetrates through the first material liquid pool, is inserted into the spray head and then is printed from the spray head; the first driving structure responds to the second control signal and drives the spray head to move, and the first fiber wires extending out of the spray head are sequentially laid in the space between the guide needles to form a fiber composite material with a preset number of layers stacked by the first fiber wires;
and outputting third control information to the first driving structure, and controlling the spray head to move to a position where the projection of the spray head on the forming substrate is not overlapped with the guide needle.
13. The method of through-ply continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing of claim 12, further comprising:
outputting a third control signal to the wire transmission structure, enabling the wire transmission structure to respond to the third control signal, and when the tension on the first fiber wire is not within a preset range, adjusting the tension on the first fiber by the wire transmission structure.
14. An interbedded through continuous fiber composite additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising:
the first output module is used for outputting a first control signal to the wire transmission structure and outputting a second control signal to the first driving structure, so that the wire transmission structure responds to the first control signal, and a first fiber wire penetrates through the first material liquid pool, is inserted into the spray head and is printed from the spray head; the first driving structure responds to the second control signal and drives the spray head to move, and the first fiber wires extending out of the spray head are sequentially laid in the space between the guide needles to form a fiber composite material with a preset number of layers stacked by the first fiber wires;
and the second output module is used for outputting third control information to the first driving structure and controlling the spray head to move to a position where the projection of the spray head on the forming substrate is not overlapped with the guide needle.
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