CN113714570B - Bidirectional reverse scraper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional reverse scraper, which belongs to the technical field of cutters and comprises a cutter bar and a cutter head detachably connected with the cutter bar, wherein the cutter head comprises a mounting seat, a first blade and a second blade. The mounting seat is mounted on the cutter bar, a first blade mounting groove and a second blade mounting groove are formed in the surface of one side of the mounting seat in parallel at intervals, and the first blade mounting groove and the second blade mounting groove are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cutter bar; the first blade is detachably arranged in the first blade mounting groove; the second blade is detachably mounted in the second blade mounting groove, one of the first blade and the second blade can conduct forward hole scraping, and the other can conduct reverse hole scraping. When a workpiece needing to be subjected to bidirectional reverse scraping hole machining is machined, the machining process is simple, and the machining efficiency is high.

Description

Bidirectional reverse scraper

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutters, in particular to a bidirectional reverse scraper.

Background

The reverse scraper is used for machining a reverse scraping hole.

In the prior art, a reverse scraper is connected with a cutter bar in a separable way, when in use, the cutter bar of the reverse scraper penetrates through a transition hole of a workpiece, and then the cutter bar is arranged on the cutter bar to carry out reverse hole scraping processing; and after the reverse hole scraping is finished, the cutter head is taken down from the cutter bar, and finally the cutter bar is withdrawn from the transition hole.

In the trial production of parts of the whole commercial vehicle, the condition that various core product parts need to be processed in a bidirectional reverse scraping hole exists. With the anti-scraper among the prior art add man-hour to two-way anti-hole of scraping, need carry out the reverse processing of two directions, whenever carry out reverse processing man-hour, all need install and dismantle once to the tool bit, lead to the course of working loaded down with trivial details, machining efficiency is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a bidirectional reverse scraper which is simple in machining process and high in machining efficiency when a machined part needing bidirectional reverse hole scraping machining is machined.

As the conception, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a two-way reverse scraper comprises a cutter rod and a cutter head detachably connected with the cutter rod, wherein the cutter head comprises:

the mounting seat is mounted on the cutter bar, a first blade mounting groove and a second blade mounting groove are formed in the surface of one side of the mounting seat in parallel at intervals, and the first blade mounting groove and the second blade mounting groove are formed at intervals along the axial direction of the cutter bar;

the first blade is detachably mounted in the first blade mounting groove;

the second blade is detachably arranged in the second blade mounting groove;

one of the first blade and the second blade can carry out forward hole scraping, and the other blade can carry out reverse hole scraping.

Optionally, a cutter bit recovery groove is formed in the cutter bar, and the mounting seat can rotate relative to the cutter bar in an inertial manner so that the cutter bit extends out of the cutter bit recovery groove or is recovered in the cutter bit recovery groove.

Optionally, the upper bottom surface of the tool bit recovery groove is provided with a first positioning pin in a detachable manner on the tool bar, the lower bottom surface of the tool bit recovery groove is provided with a second positioning pin in a detachable manner on the tool bar, one end of the mounting seat is provided with a first positioning hole connected with the first positioning pin, and the other end of the mounting seat is provided with a second positioning hole connected with the second positioning pin.

Optionally, a second positioning pin mounting hole is formed in the cutter bar and is a through hole, the second positioning pin comprises a pin shaft and a positioning cone arranged at the end of the pin shaft, the bottom surface of the positioning cone is connected with the end of the pin shaft, the diameter of the bottom surface of the positioning cone is larger than that of the pin shaft, the pin shaft is arranged in the second positioning pin mounting hole, and the positioning cone can partially extend into the second positioning hole.

Optionally, the surface of the other side of the mounting seat is arc-shaped and protruded, the arc-shaped and protruded part comprises a first guide arc surface and a second guide arc surface which are connected, the first guide arc surface is arranged corresponding to the first blade, and the second guide arc surface is arranged corresponding to the second blade.

Optionally, the protruding length of the first blade relative to the side surface of the cutter bar is adjustable.

Optionally, the first blade mounting groove is a sliding groove extending in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the cutter bar, a first pushing block is slidably disposed on the mounting seat, and the first pushing block can push the first blade to slide along the first blade mounting groove.

Optionally, be provided with first ejector pad stop device on the tool bit, first ejector pad stop device includes:

the first sliding block is slidably arranged in the first blade mounting groove;

the first guide inclined plane plate is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat and is positioned at one end of the first blade mounting groove, a first guide inclined plane which forms an obtuse angle with the bottom surface of the first blade mounting groove is arranged on the first guide inclined plane plate, a second guide inclined plane matched with the first guide inclined plane is arranged on the first push block, the second guide inclined plane is arranged by being attached to the first guide inclined plane, the second guide inclined plane can slide along the first guide inclined plane to push the first blade, a first waist-shaped guide hole extending along the extending direction of the first blade mounting groove is arranged on the first guide inclined plane, and the first waist-shaped guide hole is communicated with the first blade mounting groove;

and the first connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the first push block and the first waist-shaped guide hole and is connected with the first sliding block.

Optionally, one of the first guiding inclined plane and the second guiding inclined plane is provided with a first guiding protrusion, and the other one of the first guiding inclined plane and the second guiding inclined plane is provided with a first guiding groove in sliding fit with the first guiding protrusion.

Optionally, the protruding length of the second blade relative to the side surface of the cutter bar is adjustable.

The bidirectional reverse scraper provided by the invention can carry out forward hole scraping and reverse hole scraping. To the machined part that needs the operation of two-way anti-scraping hole processing, add man-hour, the cutter arbor passes the transition hole of machined part, installs the tool bit to the cutter arbor on, the tool bit is located two opposite to the position and treats between the processing hole site this moment, through control cutter arbor removal for one in first blade and the second blade is after accomplishing forward scraping hole processing, and another can carry out the reverse hole of scraping. So set up, to the machined part of the operation that needs carry out two-way anti-hole machining of scraping, add man-hour, only need carry on once the installation of tool bit can, the course of working is simple, machining efficiency is higher.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bi-directional reverse scraper provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which a blade head is mounted on a blade holder;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tool bit extending out of a tool bit recovery groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bit being retracted into a bit recovery groove provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tool tip provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention during forward machining;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a tool tip provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention during reverse machining;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bit reclamation groove provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the back of a tool tip provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention in connection with a first alignment pin and a second alignment pin;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the front face of a tool tip provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention in connection with a first alignment pin and a second alignment pin;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the first dowel bit of FIG. 8 shown separated from the first dowel and the second dowel;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a tool tip provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a first slider as provided by an embodiment of the present invention positioned within a first blade mount slot;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional reverse scraper provided by an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

1. a cutter bar;

11. a cutter bit recovery groove; 111. a first positioning pin; 1111. a second locking plane; 1112. locking the inclined plane; 1113. a first threaded tightening member; 1114. a second threaded fastener;

112. a second positioning pin; 1121. a pin shaft; 1122. positioning a cone;

12. a second locating pin mounting hole;

13. a cutter bar clamping handle; 131. a first locking plane; 132. a first locking member;

14. a cutter head mounting handle; 151. a first internal cooling hole; 152. a second internal cooling hole;

2. a cutter head; 21. a mounting base; 211. a first blade mounting slot; 2111. a second slider; 212. a second blade mounting groove; 2121. a fourth slider; 213. a second positioning hole; 214. a first guide arc surface; 215. a second guiding arc surface; 216. a guide rib;

22. a first blade; 221. a first blade connector;

23. a second blade; 231. a second blade attachment;

24. a first push block; 241. a first guide groove;

251. a first slider; 252. a first guide ramp plate; 2521. a first kidney-shaped guide hole; 2522. a first guide projection; 253. a first connecting member;

26. a second push block; 261. a second guide groove;

271. a third slider; 272. a second guide ramp plate; 2721. a second kidney-shaped guide hole; 2722. a second guide projection; 273. a second connecting member;

3. a knife handle; 31. pulling nails;

9. processing a workpiece; 91. a hole position to be processed in a first direction; 92. and (5) a hole position to be processed in the second direction.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the features relevant to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a bidirectional reverse scraping blade, which is suitable for parts requiring bidirectional reverse scraping hole machining.

The bidirectional reverse scraper comprises a cutter bar 1 and a cutter head 2, and the cutter head 2 is detachably connected with the cutter bar 1.

In order to realize the bidirectional scraping hole machining by clamping the cutter head 2 once, in the embodiment, the cutter head 2 comprises a mounting seat 21, a first blade 22 and a second blade 23.

The mounting seat 21 is mounted on the cutter bar 1, a first blade mounting groove 211 and a second blade mounting groove 212 are arranged on one side surface of the mounting seat 21 in parallel at intervals, and the first blade mounting groove 211 and the second blade mounting groove 212 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cutter bar 1; the first blade 22 is detachably mounted in the first blade mounting groove 211; the second blade 23 is detachably mounted in the second blade mounting groove 212. One of the first blade 22 and the second blade 23 can perform hole scraping in the forward direction, and the other can perform hole scraping in the reverse direction.

Optionally, the first blade 22 and the second blade 23 are both APKT-shaped blades, and the tool tip fillet is provided with a right angle shape and a circular arc shape. The first blade 22 is provided with symmetrical transverse cutting edges and symmetrical longitudinal cutting edges, and the second blade 23 is provided with symmetrical transverse cutting edges and symmetrical longitudinal cutting edges. In the present embodiment, the transverse cutting edges of the first and second blades 22, 23 each extend in the radial direction of the tool holder 1.

It will be appreciated that in order to ensure that the scraping cutting is performed properly, the first blade 22 and the second blade 23 are mounted on the mounting seat 21 so as to ensure that the longitudinal cutting edge always leaks out of the mounting seat 21 and the transverse cutting edge at least partially leaks out of the mounting seat 21, thereby avoiding the mounting seat 21 interfering with the normal cutting of the cutting edge.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the bidirectional reverse scraper can perform both forward hole scraping and reverse hole scraping operations. For a machined part 9 which needs to be subjected to bidirectional reverse hole scraping machining, during machining, the cutter bar 1 penetrates through a transition hole of the machined part 9, the cutter head 2 is installed on the cutter bar 1, the cutter head 2 is located between two to-be-machined hole positions in opposite directions, the cutter bar 1 is controlled to move, the second blade 23 is made to move to the to-be-machined hole position 91 in the first direction, and the second blade 23 is firstly subjected to forward machining; after the forward machining is finished, the cutter bar 1 is controlled to retreat, at this time, the first blade 22 moves to the position 92 of the hole to be machined in the second direction, and the first blade 22 conducts reverse hole scraping. That is, the hole structure at the hole position 91 to be processed in the first direction can be processed by the second blade 23 in the forward direction. So set up for to the machined part 9 of the operation that needs carry out two-way anti-hole machining of scraping, add man-hour, only need carry on once the installation of tool bit 2 can, the course of working is simple, and machining efficiency is higher.

Specifically, a transition hole is pre-processed on the workpiece 9, and the aperture of the transition hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the cutter bar 1, so that the cutter bar 1 can smoothly pass through the transition hole.

In particular, with reference to fig. 1, the tool shank 1 comprises a tool shank clamping shank 13, the tool shank clamping shank 13 being used to achieve an assembly clamping of the tool shank 1 on the tool shank. One end of the tool bar clamping shank 13 is configured to fit and clamp onto the tool shank, and the other end is provided with a tool bit mounting shank 14. The cutter head 2 is mounted on the cutter head mounting shank 14.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to further simplify the processing steps and improve the processing efficiency, in the embodiment, the tool bar 1 is provided with the tool bit recovery groove 11, and the mounting seat 21 can perform inertial rotation relative to the tool bar 1 so that the tool bit 2 extends out of the tool bit recovery groove 11 or is recovered in the tool bit recovery groove 11.

When the tool bit 2 protrudes out of the tool bit recovery groove 11, the first blade 22 or the second blade 23 can perform hole machining.

When the tool bit 2 is recovered in the tool bit recovery groove 11, the tool bar 1 can directly pass through the transition hole of the machined part 9.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the bit recovery groove 11 is provided on the bit mounting shank 14.

In this embodiment, the mounting seat 21 can rotate inertially relative to the tool bar 1 so that the tool bit 2 extends out of the tool bit recovery groove 11 or is recovered in the tool bit recovery groove 11. So set up, when installing tool bit 2 to cutter arbor 1 on, need not frequent dismouting tool bit 2. After the hole scraping machining is finished, the control mounting base 21 rotates relative to the inertia of the cutter bar 1 to enable the cutter head 2 to be recovered in the cutter head recovery groove 11, the cutter head 2 does not need to be disassembled, and the cutter bar 1 can directly withdraw from a transition hole of the machined part 9 for next machining.

Referring to fig. 6 to 9, in the present embodiment, a first positioning pin 111 is detachably disposed on the tool bar 1 on the upper bottom surface of the tool bit recycling groove 11, a second positioning pin 112 is detachably disposed on the tool bar 1 on the lower bottom surface of the tool bit recycling groove 11, one end of the mounting base 21 is provided with a first positioning hole connected to the first positioning pin 111, and the other end of the mounting base 21 is provided with a second positioning hole 213 connected to the second positioning pin 112.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 9, a second positioning pin mounting hole 12 is formed in the cutter bar 1, the second positioning pin mounting hole 12 is a through hole, the second positioning pin 112 includes a pin 1121 and a positioning cone 1122 provided at an end of the pin 1121, a bottom surface of the positioning cone 1122 is connected to the end of the pin 1121, a diameter of the bottom surface of the positioning cone 1122 is larger than a diameter of the pin 1121, that is, the second positioning pin mounting hole 12 is mushroom-shaped, and the bottom surface of the positioning cone 1122 abuts against a lower bottom surface of the bit recovery groove 11.

The pin 1121 is disposed in the second positioning pin mounting hole 12, and the positioning cone 1122 can partially extend into the second positioning hole 213.

In this embodiment, the cutter head 2 is of a rotary type, and the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole 213 are coaxially arranged, that is, the axes of the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole 213 are the rotation axis of the cutter head 2. The two ends of the mounting seat 21 are respectively pressed by the first positioning pin 111 and the second positioning pin 112, so that the cutter head 2 is mounted on the cutter bar 1. Meanwhile, the positioning cone 1122 can partially extend into the second positioning hole 213, so that the mounting base 21 can be rotated inertially relative to the tool holder 1.

Referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, a first positioning pin mounting hole is disposed above the bit recycling slot 11 on the bit mounting handle 14, a first screwing threaded hole and a second screwing threaded hole communicated with the first positioning pin mounting hole are disposed on a side portion of the bit mounting handle 14, a first thread tightening piece 1113 penetrates through the first screwing threaded hole to enter the first positioning pin mounting hole and abut against the first positioning pin 111, and a second thread tightening piece 1114 penetrates through the second screwing threaded hole to enter the second screwing threaded hole and abut against the first positioning pin 111, so as to ensure the stability of the first positioning pin 111 mounted on the bit mounting handle 14.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, preferably, in the present embodiment, a side portion of the first aligning pin 111 is provided with a second locking plane 1111, and an upper end of the side portion of the first aligning pin 111 is further provided with a locking slope 1112. The first threaded tightening piece 1113 penetrates through the first tightening threaded hole to enter the first positioning pin mounting hole and abuts against the locking inclined surface 1112 of the first positioning pin 111, and the second threaded tightening piece 1114 penetrates through the second tightening threaded hole to enter the second tightening threaded hole and abuts against the second locking plane 1111 of the first positioning pin 111, so that the first positioning pin 111 is stably mounted on the cutter head mounting handle 14, and the stability of the installation of the cutter head 2 is further ensured.

Specifically, the bottom surface of the first threaded fastener 1113 is an inclined surface that matches the locking inclined surface 1112.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the axial dimension of the first positioning pin mounting hole is equal to or greater than the axial dimension of the first positioning pin 111, that is, when the first positioning pin 111 is preliminarily mounted to the first positioning pin mounting hole and the first threaded tightening piece 1113 and the second threaded tightening piece 1114 are not screwed, the first positioning pin 111 can be completely retracted into the first positioning pin mounting hole, ensuring that the tool bit 2 can be smoothly mounted.

When the cutter head 2 is installed, the first positioning pin 111 is firstly installed in the first positioning pin installation hole, the second positioning pin 112 is installed in the second positioning pin installation hole 12, the second positioning pin 112 is pressed by hand to prevent the second positioning pin 112 from falling when the cutter rod 1 is inverted, the first positioning pin 111 completely enters the first positioning pin installation hole under the action of gravity, the installation seat 21 is installed in the cutter head recovery groove 11, the second positioning pin 112 is loosened, the second positioning pin 112 partially falls into the second positioning hole 213 under the action of self gravity, the cutter rod 1 is inverted again, the cutter rod 1 is in a normal state, and the lower end of the first positioning pin 111 falls into the first positioning hole under the action of gravity. Finally, the first positioning pin 111 and the second positioning pin 112 mount the tool bit 2 on the tool holder 1.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to cool the tool bit 2 during machining, an inner cooling hole assembly is further provided on the tool holder 1 in the present embodiment. Specifically, the internal cooling hole assembly includes a first internal cooling hole 151 and a second internal cooling hole 152, and the coolant of the machine tool can be ejected from the first internal cooling hole 151 and the second internal cooling hole 152. The first inner cooling hole 151 is disposed relatively close to the first positioning pin 111, and the second inner cooling hole 152 is disposed relatively far from the first positioning pin 111. That is, the first inner cooling hole 151 is disposed relatively close to the rotational axis of the cutter head 2, and the second inner cooling hole 152 is disposed relatively far from the rotational axis of the cutter head 2.

When the internal cooling is turned on, the coolant sprayed from the first internal cooling hole 151 relatively close to the rotation axis of the cutter head 2 can be sprayed to the surface of the mounting seat 21 on the side where no blade is provided, and the cutter head 2 can be retracted. When the cutter head 2 extends out of the cutter head recovery groove 11, the cooling liquid can cool the first blade 22 and the second blade 23 through the second inner cooling hole 152.

Referring to fig. 7, preferably, the other side surface of the mounting seat 21 is an arc-shaped protrusion including a first guiding arc surface 214 and a second guiding arc surface 215 connected. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first guiding arc surface 214 and the second guiding arc surface 215 are symmetrically arranged relative to the connection position of the two. Specifically, the first guide arc surface 214 is located on the back of the mounting seat 21 and is disposed corresponding to the first blade 22, and the second guide arc surface 215 is located on the back of the mounting seat 21 and is disposed corresponding to the second blade 23.

By providing the arc-shaped protrusion, the arc-shaped protrusion includes the first guiding arc surface 214 and the second guiding arc surface 215 which are connected, so that the auxiliary retracting function of the arc-shaped protrusion to the tool bit 2 is realized.

Specifically, when the workpiece 9 is machined, the bidirectional reverse scraper is first mounted on the machine tool, and the cutter head 2 is in an extended state. The machine tool main shaft can drive the bidirectional reverse scraper to rotate. Specifically, in fig. 2 and 4, the direction in which the cutter head 2 is rotated to be retracted into the cutter head recovery groove 11 is rotated as a forward direction.

Before machining, when the bidirectional reverse scraper positively passes through a transition hole on a machined part 9, the main shaft of the machine tool reversely rotates at the rotating speed of S1000, and the tool bit 2 can be automatically retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11 under the influence of inertia; if the tool bit 2 is not completely retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11 by inertia in the process, when the tool bit 2 contacts the transition hole, the inner side wall of the transition hole touches the second guide arc surface 215, and then the tool bit 2 can be completely retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11, so that the tool bit 2 can pass through the transition hole without obstacles. The cutter head 2 is in the state of fig. 4 or 5 at this time.

After the machining is finished, the bidirectional reverse scraper reversely withdraws from the transition hole, the machine tool spindle also reversely rotates at the rotating speed of S1000, and the cutter head 2 can be automatically withdrawn into the cutter head recovery groove 11 under the influence of inertia. If the tool bit 2 is not completely retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11 by inertia in the process, when the tool bit 2 contacts the transition hole, the inner side wall of the transition hole touches the first guiding arc surface 214, and then the tool bit 2 can be completely retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11, so that the tool bit 2 can pass through the transition hole without obstacles.

Further, during the machining process, the diameter of the hole to be machined may vary. In the prior art, in order to machine hole structures with different diameters, at least more than two blades with different sizes are generally customized. When the diameter of the hole to be machined changes, the corresponding size of the insert needs to be replaced.

However, when the size of the hole to be machined changes, the insert is replaced, which may cause the machining step to be complicated and reduce the machining efficiency. And a series of inserts are customized to the series of sizes of holes to be machined, which results in increased production costs.

In order to save production cost and improve production efficiency while practicing machining of hole structures of different sizes, in the present embodiment, the protruding length of the first blade 22 relative to the side surface of the tool holder 1 is adjustable, that is, the distance between the end surface of the first blade 22 parallel to the axis of the tool holder 1 and the axis of the tool holder 1 is adjustable. So arranged, the machining dimension of the first blade 22 can be adjusted. Specifically, the machining size of the first insert 22 is a length of the cutting edge of the first insert 22 actually participating in cutting in the hole scraping machining. The extension of the first blade 22 relative to the side of the tool holder 1 is adjustable, enabling the length of the transverse cutting edge actually involved in the cutting to be adjusted.

When the size of the hole to be machined changes, the machining size of the first blade 22 can be adjusted, a series of blades do not need to be customized according to the series of sizes of the hole to be machined, and the blades do not need to be replaced, so that the production cost is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the first blade mounting groove 211 is a sliding groove extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the arbor 1, and a first pushing block 24 is slidably disposed on the mounting seat 21, and the first pushing block 24 can push the first blade 22 to slide along the first blade mounting groove 211, so as to adjust the diameter of the hole which can be processed by the first blade 22.

Specifically, in order to ensure that the first pushing block 24 can accurately push the first blade 22 along the first blade mounting groove 211, and prevent the first blade 22 from deflecting during the movement, in the embodiment, the tool bit 2 is provided with a first pushing block limiting device for guiding and limiting the movement of the first pushing block 24.

Specifically, the first push block limiting device includes a first slider 251, a first guiding inclined plate 252 and a first connecting piece 253.

The first slider 251 is slidably disposed in the first blade mounting slot 211. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first blade mounting groove 211 is a T-shaped groove with a small upper end opening and a large bottom end space, and the first slider 251 is a T-shaped slider, so that the first blade mounting groove 211 can limit the first slider 251 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first blade mounting groove 211, and the first slider 251 is prevented from being separated from the first blade mounting groove 211.

The first guiding inclined plane plate 252 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 21 and located at one end of the first blade mounting groove 211, a first guiding inclined plane which forms an obtuse angle with the bottom surface of the first blade mounting groove 211 is arranged on the first guiding inclined plane plate 252, a second guiding inclined plane which is matched with the first guiding inclined plane is arranged on the first push block 24, the second guiding inclined plane is arranged to be attached to the first guiding inclined plane, the second guiding inclined plane can slide along the first guiding inclined plane to push the first blade 22, a first waist-shaped guiding hole 2521 which extends along the extending direction of the first blade mounting groove 211 is arranged on the first guiding inclined plane, and the first waist-shaped guiding hole 2521 is communicated with the first blade mounting groove 211.

The first link 253 sequentially passes through the first push block 24 and the first kidney-shaped guide hole 2521 and is connected to the first slider 251.

Referring to fig. 9, the first pushing block 24 is located at the first limit position in fig. 9, and at the first limit position, the side portion of the first link 253 abuts against the left end of the first kidney-shaped guide hole 2521, and the machining size of the first blade 22 is at a minimum.

When the diameter of the hole to be processed becomes larger, the first push block 24 is pushed, so that the second guide inclined surface is attached to the first guide inclined surface and slides downward, the first push block 24 moves toward the right end of the first kidney-shaped guide hole 2521, and the first slider 251 can guide the moving direction of the first push block 24. The first push block 24 pushes the first blade 22 to move towards the direction extending out of the first blade mounting groove 211, so that the distance between the end face of the first blade 22 parallel to the axis of the cutter bar 1 and the axis of the cutter bar 1 is increased, and the increase of the machining size of the first blade 22 is realized. When the machining size of the first blade 22 needs to be reduced, the first blade 22 is pushed toward the first push block 24.

Through the cooperation of first ejector pad 24 and first ejector pad stop device, can realize the accurate regulation to the machining dimension of first blade 22.

Further, in order to guide the sliding of the second guiding inclined surface abutting the first guiding inclined surface, in this embodiment, one of the first guiding inclined surface and the second guiding inclined surface is provided with a first guiding protrusion 2522, and the other one is provided with a first guiding groove 241 slidably engaged with the first guiding protrusion 2522.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the first guiding inclined surface is provided with a first guiding protrusion 2522, and the second guiding inclined surface is provided with a first guiding groove 241.

Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to implement the installation of the first blade 22 in the first blade mounting groove 211 and guide the movement of the first blade 22, a second slider 2111 is further disposed in the first blade mounting groove 211, and the second slider 2111 is a T-shaped slider and is installed in the first blade mounting groove 211. The mounting surface of the first blade 22 is disposed toward the first blade mounting slot 211, and the first blade 22 is coupled to the second slider 2111 by the first blade coupling 221.

Specifically, the first blade connector 221 is a threaded connector, and the first blade 22 and the second slider 2111 are both provided with threaded through holes that mate with the first blade connector 221. When adjusting the machining dimension of the first blade 22, the first blade coupler 221 is screwed into the threaded through hole whose end is completely located on the second slider 2111 to prevent the first blade coupler 221 from interfering with the movement of the first blade 22. When the machining dimension of the first blade 22 is adjusted, the first blade connector 221 is screwed to the end portion abutting against the groove bottom of the first blade mounting groove 211.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a guiding protrusion 216 is respectively disposed on the mounting seat 21 at two opposite sides of the first blade mounting groove 211, and correspondingly, a guiding groove matched with the guiding protrusion 216 is disposed on the mounting surface of the first blade 22 to further guide the sliding of the first blade 22.

Further, the extension of the second cutting insert 23 with respect to the side of the tool holder 1 is adjustable, i.e. the distance between the end face of the second cutting insert 23 parallel to the axis of the tool holder 1 and the axis of the tool holder 1 is adjustable. With this arrangement, the machining size of the second blade 23 can be adjusted. Specifically, the machining dimension of the second insert 23 is a length of the second insert 23 in which the cutting edge actually participates in cutting in the hole scraping machining. The extension of the second cutting insert 23 with respect to the side of the tool holder 1 is adjustable, enabling the length of the transverse cutting edge actually involved in the cutting to be adjusted.

When the size of the hole to be processed changes, the processing size of the second blade 23 is adjusted, a series of blades do not need to be customized according to the series size of the hole to be processed, and the blades do not need to be replaced, so that the production cost is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the second blade mounting groove 212 is a sliding groove extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the arbor 1, the mounting seat 21 is slidably provided with a second pushing block 26, and the second pushing block 26 can push the second blade 23 to slide along the second blade mounting groove 212, so as to adjust the diameter of the hole which can be processed by the second blade 23.

Specifically, in order to ensure that the second pushing block 26 can push the second blade 23 to accurately slide along the second blade mounting groove 212, and prevent the second blade 23 from deflecting during the movement, in this embodiment, the tool bit 2 is provided with a second pushing block limiting device for guiding and limiting the movement of the second pushing block 26.

Specifically, the second push block limiting device includes a third slider 271, a second guide slope plate 272, and a second connector 273.

The third slider 271 is slidably disposed in the second blade mounting groove 212. Specifically, the second blade mounting groove 212 is a T-shaped groove with a small upper end opening and a large bottom space, and the third slider 271 is a T-shaped slider, so that the second blade mounting groove 212 can limit the third slider 271 in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second blade mounting groove 212, and the third slider 271 is prevented from being separated from the first blade mounting groove 211.

Second direction inclined plane board 272 sets firmly on mount pad 21 and is located the one end of second blade mounting groove 212, be provided with the third direction inclined plane that is the obtuse angle setting with the bottom surface of second blade mounting groove 212 on the second direction inclined plane board 272, be provided with the fourth direction inclined plane with third direction inclined plane looks adaptation on the second ejector pad 26, fourth direction inclined plane laminating third direction inclined plane setting and fourth direction inclined plane can slide in order to promote second blade 23 along third direction inclined plane, be provided with the second waist type guiding hole 2721 that extends along the extending direction of second blade mounting groove 212 on the third direction inclined plane, second waist type guiding hole 2721 and second blade mounting groove 212 communicate.

The second connecting member 273 passes through the second pushing block 26 and the second kidney-shaped guide hole 2721 in sequence and is connected to the third slider 271.

Referring to fig. 9, when the second pushing block 26 is at the first limit position, the side portion of the second connecting member 273 abuts against the left end of the second kidney-shaped guide hole 2721, and the machining size of the second blade 23 is at a minimum.

When the diameter of the hole to be processed becomes larger, the second pushing block 26 is pushed, so that the fourth guiding inclined surface fits the third guiding inclined surface and slides downwards, the second pushing block 26 moves towards the right end of the second kidney-shaped guiding hole 2721, and meanwhile, the third sliding block 271 can guide the moving direction of the second pushing block 26. The second push block 26 pushes the second blade 23 to move towards the direction extending out of the second blade mounting groove 212, so that the distance between the end surface of the second blade 23 parallel to the axis of the cutter bar 1 and the axis of the cutter bar 1 is increased, and the machining size of the second blade 23 is increased. When the machining size of the second blade 23 needs to be reduced, the second blade 23 is pushed toward the second pushing block 26.

Further, in order to guide the sliding of the fourth guiding slope abutting the third guiding slope, in this embodiment, one of the third guiding slope and the fourth guiding slope is provided with a second guiding protrusion 2722, and the other is provided with a second guiding groove 261 slidably engaged with the second guiding protrusion 2722.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the third guiding slope is provided with a second guiding protrusion 2722, and the fourth guiding slope is provided with a second guiding recess 261.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, in order to mount the second blade 23 in the second blade mounting groove 212 and guide the movement of the second blade 23, a fourth slider 2121 is further disposed in the second blade mounting groove 212, and the fourth slider 2121 is a T-shaped slider and is mounted in the second blade mounting groove 212. The mounting surface of the second blade 23 is disposed toward the second blade mounting groove 212, and the second blade 23 is coupled to the fourth slider 2121 by the second blade coupling member 231.

Specifically, the second blade connector 231 is a threaded connector, and the second blade 23 and the fourth slider 2121 are each provided with a threaded through hole for engaging with the second blade connector 231. When the machining size of the second blade 23 is adjusted, the second blade attachment 231 is screwed to have an end completely positioned in the threaded through hole of the fourth slider 2121 to prevent the second blade attachment 231 from interfering with the movement of the second blade 23. When the machining size of the second blade 23 is adjusted, the second blade connection member 231 is screwed to the end portion to abut against the groove bottom of the second blade mounting groove 212.

Preferably, in this embodiment, two guiding protruding ribs 216 are respectively disposed on the mounting seat 21 at two opposite sides of the second blade mounting groove 212, and correspondingly, guiding grooves matched with the guiding protruding ribs 216 are disposed on the mounting surface of the second blade 23 to further guide the sliding of the second blade 23.

Referring to fig. 12, further, in the present embodiment, the bidirectional counter blade further includes a handle 3.

Specifically, one end of the tool shank 3 is provided with a blind rivet 31, and the blind rivet 31 is used for being fixed with a machine tool. The other end of handle of a knife 3 is provided with the cutter arbor pilot hole, and the cutter arbor pilot hole is used for assembling cutter arbor 1. The end of the cutter bar 1 not provided with the cutter head 2 can be installed in the cutter bar assembling hole.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the free end of the holder clamp shank 13 is fitted in the holder fitting hole. Referring to fig. 1, preferably, a first locking plane 131 is disposed on a side portion of the tool bar clamping handle 13, a first locking hole communicated with the tool bar assembling hole is disposed on a side portion of the tool holder 3, and the first locking member 132 penetrates through the first locking hole, enters the tool bar assembling hole, is screwed to abut against the first locking plane 131, and ensures stability of clamping of the tool bar clamping handle 13 in the tool bar assembling hole.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, the side of the shank 3 is provided with two first locking holes. Optionally, the first locking member 132 is a socket head cap screw.

The cutter arbor 1 includes cutter arbor clamping handle 13, and cutter arbor clamping handle 13 is used for realizing the assembly centre gripping of cutter arbor 1 on handle of a knife 3. One end of the tool bar clamping shank 13 is configured to be fitted clamped on the tool shank 3, and the other end is provided with a tool bit mounting shank 14. The cutter head 2 is mounted on the cutter head mounting shank 14.

The bidirectional reverse scraper provided by the embodiment can be applied to a numerical control milling machine or a machining center machine tool, and the using method comprises the following steps:

1. installing a tool bit 2 on a tool bar 1, installing the tool bar 1 on a tool handle 3, installing the tool handle 3 on a machine tool spindle, and adjusting the machining diameters of a first blade 22 and a second blade 23 according to the size of a hole position to be machined;

2. positioning the axis center of the bidirectional reverse scraper to X, Y coordinates of a hole to be machined;

3. the bidirectional reverse scraper quickly advances to an R safety plane above the hole position to be processed;

4. the main shaft of the machine tool rotates reversely, the rotating speed is S1000, the internal cooling is started, the tool bit 2 is retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11 under the influence of inertia, if the tool bit 2 is not fully retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11, the cooling liquid sprayed out of the first internal cooling hole 151 can be sprayed onto the arc-shaped protrusion on the back surface of the mounting seat 21, and the spraying pressure of the cooling liquid can assist the tool bit 2 to be retracted into the tool bit recovery groove 11;

5. a bidirectional reverse scraper is used for passing through a hole, so that the cutter head 2 completely passes through the transition hole;

6. stopping the rotation of the main shaft of the machine tool, and stopping internal cooling;

7. the main shaft of the machine tool rotates forward at a rotating speed S1500, and the tool bit 2 extends out of the tool bit recovery groove 11 under the influence of inertia;

8. the cutter head 2 carries out forward or backward cutting at the feed speed of F50, after the cutting depth reaches 0.2mm, internal cooling and external cooling are started, and the cutter head 2 carries out forward or backward cutting at the feed speed of F200 to a set depth; it should be noted that, when the tool bit 2 performs hole scraping machining, the transverse cutting edge and the longitudinal cutting edge of the first blade 22 or the second blade 23 will abut against the machining surface, and the machining surface applies an acting force to the transverse cutting edge and the longitudinal cutting edge, which is opposite to the rotation direction of the tool bar 1, and the acting force can prevent the first blade 22 or the second blade 23 from rotating relative to the tool bar 1 during cutting, so as to ensure that the whole tool bit 2 synchronously rotates, and further ensure the normal hole scraping machining;

9. the tool bit 2 returns to a safe distance away from the scraped plane, the internal cooling is started, and the external cooling is closed;

10. turning over the machine tool spindle, and at the moment, retracting the tool bit 2 into the tool bit recovery groove 11;

11. the tool bit 2 is retracted to the safe height of the hole site.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, and the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but rather, is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a two-way anti-scraper, including cutter arbor (1) and with cutter head (2) that cutter arbor (1) can dismantle the connection, its characterized in that, cutter head (2) include:

the mounting seat (21) is mounted on the cutter bar (1), a first blade mounting groove (211) and a second blade mounting groove (212) are arranged on the surface of one side of the mounting seat (21) in parallel at intervals, and the first blade mounting groove (211) and the second blade mounting groove (212) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cutter bar (1);

a first blade (22) detachably mounted in the first blade mounting groove (211);

a second blade (23) detachably mounted in the second blade mounting groove (212);

one of the first blade (22) and the second blade (23) can carry out forward hole scraping, and the other can carry out reverse hole scraping;

the extension length of the first blade (22) relative to the side surface of the cutter bar (1) is adjustable;

the first blade mounting groove (211) is a sliding groove extending along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the cutter bar (1), a first push block (24) is arranged on the mounting seat (21) in a sliding manner, and the first push block (24) can push the first blade (22) to slide along the first blade mounting groove (211);

be provided with first ejector pad stop device on tool bit (2), first ejector pad stop device includes:

a first slider (251) slidably disposed within the first blade mounting slot (211);

a first guiding inclined plane plate (252) fixedly arranged on the mounting seat (21) and located at one end of the first blade mounting groove (211), a first guiding inclined plane arranged at an obtuse angle with the bottom surface of the first blade mounting groove (211) is arranged on the first guiding inclined plane plate (252), a second guiding inclined plane adapted to the first guiding inclined plane is arranged on the first push block (24), the second guiding inclined plane is arranged to be attached to the first guiding inclined plane and can slide along the first guiding inclined plane to push the first blade (22), a first waist-shaped guiding hole (2521) extending along the extending direction of the first blade mounting groove (211) is arranged on the first guiding inclined plane, and the first waist-shaped guiding hole (2521) is communicated with the first blade mounting groove (211);

and the first connecting piece (253) sequentially penetrates through the first push block (24) and the first kidney-shaped guide hole (2521) and is connected with the first sliding block (251).

2. The bidirectional reverse scraper according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutter bar (1) is provided with a cutter head recovery groove (11), and the mounting seat (21) can rotate inertially relative to the cutter bar (1) so that the cutter head (2) extends out of the cutter head recovery groove (11) or is recovered in the cutter head recovery groove (11).

3. The bidirectional reverse scraper according to claim 2, characterized in that a first positioning pin (111) is detachably disposed on the cutter bar (1) at the upper bottom surface of the cutter head recovery groove (11), a second positioning pin (112) is detachably disposed on the cutter bar (1) at the lower bottom surface of the cutter head recovery groove (11), one end of the mounting seat (21) is provided with a first positioning hole connected with the first positioning pin (111), and the other end of the mounting seat (21) is provided with a second positioning hole (213) connected with the second positioning pin (112).

4. The double-sided reverse scraper according to claim 3, characterized in that a second positioning pin mounting hole (12) is formed in the cutter bar (1), the second positioning pin mounting hole (12) is a through hole, the second positioning pin (112) comprises a pin (1121) and a positioning cone (1122) arranged at the end of the pin (1121), the bottom surface of the positioning cone (1122) is connected with the end of the pin (1121), the diameter of the bottom surface of the positioning cone (1122) is larger than that of the pin (1121), the pin (1121) is arranged in the second positioning pin mounting hole (12), and the positioning cone (1122) can partially extend into the second positioning hole (213).

5. The double-sided reverse scraper according to claim 2, characterized in that the other side surface of the mounting base (21) is an arc-shaped protrusion, the arc-shaped protrusion comprises a first guiding arc surface (214) and a second guiding arc surface (215) which are connected, the first guiding arc surface (214) is arranged corresponding to the first blade (22), and the second guiding arc surface (215) is arranged corresponding to the second blade (23).

6. The double reverse scraper according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the first and second guiding slopes is provided with a first guiding protrusion (2522), and the other is provided with a first guiding groove (241) slidably fitted with the first guiding protrusion (2522).

7. The double-action reverse scraper according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension of the second blade (23) with respect to the side of the blade bar (1) is adjustable.

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