CN113709918A - Elastic heater and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Elastic heater and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113709918A CN113709918A CN202110967637.8A CN202110967637A CN113709918A CN 113709918 A CN113709918 A CN 113709918A CN 202110967637 A CN202110967637 A CN 202110967637A CN 113709918 A CN113709918 A CN 113709918A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000554 physical therapy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920006290 polyethylene naphthalate film Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002042 Silver nanowire Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0026—Apparatus for manufacturing conducting or semi-conducting layers, e.g. deposition of metal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/03—Electrodes
Abstract
The invention discloses an elastic heater, which comprises an elastic substrate, an electrode and a conductive material, wherein the elastic substrate is made of a metal material; the elastic substrate is a non-conductive stretchable film, the electrodes are symmetrically covered at two ends of the elastic substrate, and the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate which is not covered by the electrodes. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the elastic heater, which comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly coating or depositing electrode materials symmetrically at two ends of the upper surface of the elastic substrate to form electrodes; (2) pre-stretching the elastic substrate, and uniformly coating or depositing a conductive material on the upper surface of the elastic substrate which is not covered by the electrode in a stretching state; (3) releasing the pre-stretching, and encapsulating to form an encapsulation layer. The elastic heater is simple in structure and preparation method, good in transparency and heating performance, and can keep stable heating performance when large deformation occurs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heaters, in particular to an elastic heater and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Elastic heater prepares tensile conductive circuit on the elastic substrate, realizes the function of heating, and according to the joule law, conducting material produces the heat under external current effect, can be used for fields such as operation, personal thermal management, wearable heat physiotherapy under the severe cold environment. The heat physiotherapy can effectively relieve diseases such as arthralgia, but the parts such as joints are deformed greatly when being bent, so that the heater can keep working when large deformation is generated, and the heat physiotherapy has important significance.
The traditional thermal therapy patch has no elasticity, and for some patients with arthralgia, the patch can not uniformly generate heat or even fail when the joint is bent. The technical problem to be solved by at present is how to ensure the normal joint bending movement of the patient while using the heater for physiotherapy and maintain the stable heating performance of the heater. Compared with the traditional heater, the elastic heater has good elasticity, can deform along with the movement of joints and other parts, usually adopts carbon nanotubes, silver nanowires, graphene and the like as conductive materials, but the conductive materials are easy to contact and break during stretching, so that the heating performance is unstable.
Chinese patent publication No. CN106039567A discloses a metal nanowire transparent conductive film and a physiotherapy instrument using the same, wherein the metal nanowire transparent conductive film is a silver nanowire/organic elastomer composite transparent conductive film, and is obtained by coating and curing, and the organic elastomer is selected from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or silica gel. However, the invention does not verify the heating performance of the metal nanowire transparent conductive film when large deformation occurs.
Chinese patent publication No. CN206152102U discloses a physiotherapy heater with far infrared radiation, which includes a first flexible cloth layer and a second flexible cloth layer, a heating element made of far infrared carbon fiber is sandwiched between the first flexible cloth layer and the second flexible cloth layer, one end of the heating element penetrates through one side portion between the first flexible cloth layer and the second flexible cloth layer, and the other end penetrates through the other side portion between the first flexible cloth layer and the second flexible cloth layer. The far infrared carbon fiber is selected as a heating element, is convenient to change and wash, and is suitable for fabrics of clothes, eyeshades, electric blankets and the like. However, the physiotherapy heater has no elasticity and can not deform along with the movement of joints and other parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an elastic heater which is simple in structure, simple in preparation method, good in transparency and heating performance and can keep stable heating performance when large deformation occurs.
The technical scheme is as follows:
an elastic heater is characterized by comprising an elastic substrate, an electrode and a conductive material; the elastic substrate is a non-conductive stretchable film, the electrodes are symmetrically covered at two ends of the elastic substrate, and the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate which is not covered by the electrodes.
According to the joule heat law, when current is input, the elastic heater generates heat to realize the heating function.
The elastic substrate has excellent elasticity, good light transmission, low modulus and easy deformation, and comprises at least one of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and Polycarbonate (PC).
Preferably, the elastic substrate is a polydimethylsiloxane film.
The electrode is made of an electrode material, and the electrode material is solid conductive metal, inorganic carbon conductive material, conductive polymer or liquid metal.
Preferably, the conductive material is a solid metal nanowire, a conductive polymer, an inorganic carbon-based conductive material, or a liquid metal.
The inorganic carbon-based conductive material includes, but is not limited to, graphene, carbon nanotubes; the liquid metal is mercury, gallium-indium alloy or gallium-indium-tin alloy.
Preferably, the liquid metal is one or more of transition group metal and solid nonmetal element doped gallium, gallium indium alloy or gallium indium tin alloy.
Further preferably, the electrode material is gallium indium alloy liquid metal.
Preferably, the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate uncovered by the electrode in a mesh stripe manner, and the stripe pitch of the mesh stripe of the conductive material is 2-1000 μm. In the elastic heater, the resistance change of the reticular stripe structure of the conductive material is small, so that the stable work of the heater can be ensured.
Preferably, the elastic substrate, the conductive material and the electrode of the elastic heater are provided with an encapsulation layer, and the material of the encapsulation layer is the same as that of the elastic substrate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the elastic heater, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly coating or depositing electrode materials symmetrically at two ends of the upper surface of the elastic substrate to form electrodes;
(2) pre-stretching the elastic substrate, and uniformly coating or depositing a conductive material on the upper surface of the elastic substrate which is not covered by the electrode in a stretching state;
(3) releasing the pre-stretching, and encapsulating to form an encapsulation layer.
Preferably, the conductive material is liquid metal, is extruded into a micro-nano linear shape under the action of 0.1-1.2 MPa of air pressure, and is coated on the upper surface of the elastic substrate which is not covered by the electrode in a stretching state in a net stripe manner.
Preferably, in the step (2), the prestretching strain of the elastic substrate is 20-100%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the elastic heater, the conductive materials are arranged in a net-shaped stripe structure, so that the resistance change of the heater during working is small, and the heating stability is ensured.
(2) The elastic heater provided by the invention is simple and efficient in preparation method, simple in structure, high in transparency, good in conductivity and heating performance, and can still maintain stable heating performance when 20% of deformation occurs, so that the elastic heater has a wide application prospect in the field of wearable thermal physiotherapy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an elastic heater in embodiment 1. Wherein the reference numerals are: elastic substrate 1, conducting material 2, electrode 3, encapsulation layer 4.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the elastic heater temperature as a function of input current in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a stability chart of the elastic heater in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the figures and the examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the structure of the elastic heater is as shown in fig. 1, and the elastic heater is composed of an elastic substrate 1, a conductive material 2, electrodes 3, and an encapsulation layer 4, where the two electrodes 3 are symmetrically covered on two ends of the elastic substrate; the conductive material 2 is attached to the elastic substrate uncovered by the electrode in a mesh stripe manner, the stripe interval of the mesh stripe is about 200 μm, and the elastic substrate 1, the conductive material 2 and the electrode 3 are provided with the packaging layer 4.
Wherein, the elastic substrate 1 is a polydimethylsiloxane film, can be stretched and is not conductive; the conductive material 2 is gallium indium alloy liquid metal; the electrode 3 is made of gallium indium alloy liquid metal, and the packaging layer 4 is a polydimethylsiloxane film.
Because the polydimethylsiloxane film and the gallium-indium alloy liquid metal have good transparency, the elastic heater has integral transparency.
The preparation method of the elastic heater comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly coating gallium-indium alloy liquid metal symmetrically at two ends of the upper surface of the polydimethylsiloxane film to form electrodes;
(2) pre-stretching the polydimethylsiloxane film to 30% of pre-stretching strain, extruding gallium-indium alloy liquid metal into micro-nano threads under the air pressure of 1.0MPa, and uniformly coating the micro-nano threads on the upper surface of the polydimethylsiloxane film which is not covered by the electrode in a stretching state in a net stripe manner;
(3) releasing the pre-stretching, and encapsulating by using polydimethylsiloxane to form an encapsulation layer.
The elastic heater was tested as follows:
under the condition that the elastic heater does not deform, the external input current is changed, the temperature of the elastic heater is tested, and as a result, as shown in fig. 2, 2.0A of current is input into the elastic heater, the temperature can be heated to 90-140 ℃, the response time of the elastic heater is short and is less than 300s, the working current is small, the safety is good, and the wearable thermal physiotherapy device has a wide application prospect in the field of wearable thermal physiotherapy.
The elastic heater was tested for its thermal stability in tension at a current of 0.1A, and as a result, as shown in fig. 3, the elastic heater was maintained at a temperature around 60 ℃ at 20% deformation, which showed good thermal stability, indicating that the elastic heater can operate normally when deformation occurred.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the elastic heater is composed of an elastic substrate, a conductive material, electrodes and a packaging layer, wherein the two electrodes are symmetrically covered on two ends of the elastic substrate; the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate uncovered by the electrode in a mesh stripe manner, the stripe interval of the mesh stripe is about 20 mu m, and the elastic substrate, the conductive material and the electrode are provided with packaging layers.
Wherein, the elastic substrate is a polydimethylsiloxane film, can be stretched and is not conductive; the conductive material is gallium indium tin alloy liquid metal; the electrode is made of gallium-indium alloy liquid metal, and the packaging layer is a polydimethylsiloxane film.
Because the polydimethylsiloxane film, the gallium indium tin alloy liquid metal and the gallium indium alloy liquid metal have good transparency, the elastic heater has integral transparency.
The preparation method of the elastic heater comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly coating gallium-indium alloy liquid metal symmetrically at two ends of the upper surface of the polydimethylsiloxane film to form electrodes;
(2) pre-stretching the polydimethylsiloxane film to 50% of pre-stretching strain, extruding gallium indium tin alloy liquid metal into micro-nano threads under the air pressure of 0.3MPa, and uniformly coating the micro-nano threads on the upper surface of the polydimethylsiloxane film which is not covered by the electrode in a stretching state in a net stripe manner;
(3) releasing the pre-stretching, and encapsulating by using polydimethylsiloxane to form an encapsulation layer.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the elastic heater is composed of an elastic substrate, a conductive material, electrodes and a packaging layer, wherein the two electrodes are symmetrically covered on two ends of the elastic substrate; the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate uncovered by the electrode in a mesh stripe manner, the stripe interval of the mesh stripe is about 800 mu m, and the elastic substrate, the conductive material and the electrode are provided with packaging layers.
Wherein the elastic substrate is a polyethylene terephthalate film, can be stretched and is not conductive; the conductive material is polypyrrole; the electrode is made of graphene, and the packaging layer is a polyethylene terephthalate film.
The preparation method of the elastic heater comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly coating graphene on two ends of the upper surface of the polyethylene terephthalate film symmetrically to form electrodes;
(2) pre-stretching the polyethylene glycol terephthalate film until the pre-stretching strain is 30%, and uniformly coating polypyrrole on the upper surface of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate film in a stretching state, which is not covered by the electrode, in a net stripe manner;
(3) releasing the pre-stretching and forming an encapsulation layer by using polyethylene terephthalate encapsulation.
Example 4
In this embodiment, the elastic heater is composed of an elastic substrate, a conductive material, electrodes and a packaging layer, wherein the two electrodes are symmetrically covered on two ends of the elastic substrate; the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate uncovered by the electrode in a mesh stripe manner, the stripe interval of the mesh stripe is about 800 mu m, and the elastic substrate, the conductive material and the electrode are provided with packaging layers.
The elastic substrate is a polyethylene naphthalate film, and is stretchable and non-conductive; the conductive material is a carbon nanotube; the electrode is made of silver nanowires, and the packaging layer is a polyethylene naphthalate film.
The preparation method of the elastic heater comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly coating silver nanowires at two ends of the upper surface of the polyethylene naphthalate film symmetrically to form electrodes;
(2) pre-stretching the polyethylene naphthalate film until the pre-stretching strain is 30%, and uniformly coating the carbon nanotubes to the upper surface of the polyethylene naphthalate film in a stretching state, which is not covered by the electrode, in a net stripe manner;
(3) releasing the pre-stretching, and encapsulating by using polyethylene naphthalate to form an encapsulation layer.
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail in the above embodiments, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only specific examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, supplement or similar substitution made within the scope of the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An elastic heater is characterized by comprising an elastic substrate, an electrode and a conductive material; the elastic substrate is a non-conductive stretchable film, the electrodes are symmetrically covered at two ends of the elastic substrate, and the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate which is not covered by the electrodes.
2. The resilient heater of claim 1, wherein the resilient substrate comprises at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polycarbonate.
3. The elastic heater of claim 1, wherein said electrodes are made of an electrode material, said electrode material being a solid conductive metal, an inorganic carbon-based conductive material, a conductive polymer or a liquid metal.
4. The resilient heater of claim 1, wherein the conductive material is a solid metal nanowire, a conductive polymer, an inorganic carbon-based conductive material, or a liquid metal.
5. An elastic heater according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the liquid metal is mercury, gallium, a gallium indium alloy or a gallium indium tin alloy.
6. The elastic heater of claim 1, wherein the conductive material is attached to the elastic substrate uncovered by the electrodes in the form of mesh stripes, and the mesh stripes have a stripe pitch of 2-1000 μm.
7. The elastic heater of claim 1, wherein the elastic substrate, the conductive material and the electrodes of the elastic heater are provided with an encapsulating layer, and the material of the encapsulating layer is the same as that of the elastic substrate.
8. The method of making an elastic heater according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) uniformly coating or depositing electrode materials symmetrically at two ends of the upper surface of the elastic substrate to form electrodes;
(2) pre-stretching the elastic substrate, and uniformly coating or depositing a conductive material on the upper surface of the elastic substrate which is not covered by the electrode in a stretching state;
(3) releasing the pre-stretching, and encapsulating to form an encapsulation layer.
9. The method for manufacturing an elastic heater according to claim 8, wherein the conductive material is a liquid metal, is extruded into a micro-nano thread shape under the air pressure of 0.1 to 1.2MPa, and is coated on the upper surface of the elastic substrate in the stretching state, which is not covered by the electrode, in a mesh stripe manner.
10. The method for manufacturing an elastic heater according to claim 8, wherein the pre-stretching strain of the elastic substrate in the step (2) is 20% to 100%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110967637.8A CN113709918A (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Elastic heater and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110967637.8A CN113709918A (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Elastic heater and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113709918A true CN113709918A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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| CN202110967637.8A Pending CN113709918A (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Elastic heater and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210204400A1 (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2021-07-01 | Gentherm Gmbh | Electrically Conductive Film |
| CN114205936A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 中钢集团南京新材料研究院有限公司 | Graphene heating module and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114438663A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-06 | 宁波诺丁汉新材料研究院有限公司 | Breathable liquid metal-based elastic conductor composite film, preparation method and application |
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| US20100237063A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2010-09-23 | Swcc Showa Device Tehnology Co., Ltd. | Reticulate heater for steering wheel |
| EP2806709A2 (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-11-26 | Benecke-Kaliko AG | Electrically conducting surface |
| CN107622818A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-01-23 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of elastic wire and preparation method thereof |
| KR101986438B1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-07 | 한국과학기술원 | Smart window comprising heater, heater for smart window and manufacturing method for the same |
| CN110545626A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Method for realizing liquid metal patterning on elastic substrate |
-
2021
- 2021-08-23 CN CN202110967637.8A patent/CN113709918A/en active Pending
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| GB1274669A (en) * | 1968-06-17 | 1972-05-17 | H D Symons & Company Ltd | Heating panels |
| US20100237063A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2010-09-23 | Swcc Showa Device Tehnology Co., Ltd. | Reticulate heater for steering wheel |
| EP2806709A2 (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-11-26 | Benecke-Kaliko AG | Electrically conducting surface |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210204400A1 (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2021-07-01 | Gentherm Gmbh | Electrically Conductive Film |
| US11751327B2 (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2023-09-05 | Gentherm Gmbh | Electrically conductive film |
| CN114205936A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 中钢集团南京新材料研究院有限公司 | Graphene heating module and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114438663A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-06 | 宁波诺丁汉新材料研究院有限公司 | Breathable liquid metal-based elastic conductor composite film, preparation method and application |
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