CN113709705A - Frequency spectrum allocation management method and device for communication network of bidirectional lane driving vehicle - Google Patents
Frequency spectrum allocation management method and device for communication network of bidirectional lane driving vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
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- H04W4/46—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
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- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to a frequency spectrum allocation management method and a frequency spectrum allocation management device for a communication network of a vehicle running on a bidirectional lane, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the running speed and position information of vehicles, generating the topological distribution of a vehicle network, and determining the distance between every two vehicles; determining the duration between V2V links formed between every two vehicles according to the distance and the driving speed, and determining a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time; determining the interference level between every two V2V links according to the interference level between the vehicle at the transmitting end and the vehicle at the receiving end in every two V2V links; the multiple V2V links with large mutual interference level are divided into the same cluster, and mutually orthogonal frequency spectrum resources are distributed to vehicles in each cluster, so that the vehicles in each cluster multiplex uplink frequency spectrum resources interacted with the base station. The invention can realize the spectrum resource allocation management of the communication between the vehicles and effectively improve the utilization rate of the limited spectrum resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted network communication based on a D2D technology, in particular to a frequency spectrum allocation management method and device of a communication network of a bidirectional lane driving vehicle.
Background
Today's automobiles have become the fastest growing networked devices next to smartphones and tablets, and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are becoming an important component of our society. As the demand for on-board data transmission increases, the limited dedicated cellular spectrum becomes a bottleneck to meet the demand of all cellular on-board everything (V2X) users.
Infotainment applications often require frequent access to the internet or remote servers for media streaming, content sharing, etc., which involve considerable data exchange, so that the communication is effected by a vehicle and base station link (V2I). Meanwhile, safety-critical information, such as cooperative awareness information (CAM) and distributed environment notification information (DENM), generally needs to be propagated between surrounding vehicles in a periodic or event-triggered manner. Such information can be communicated directly from vehicle to vehicle (V2V) with strict reliability and timeliness requirements, for example, the METIS project requires less than 5ms end-to-end delay and 99.999% transmission reliability for message sizes of about 1600 bytes.
The highly dynamic nature of the vehicle ad hoc network is susceptible to many potential challenges, such as frequent link disconnections, intermittent connections, and poor inter-vehicle communications, which may result in data not being able to complete data transmission within the connection-holding time. And for clustering strategies that do not take into account the high dynamics of the vehicle, the performance in practical situations is not as good as expected. However, most of the existing researches focus on improving the spectrum utilization rate, and do not fully consider whether the information transmitted between vehicles can be transmitted within the link maintaining time or not and influence on actual distribution of clusters due to the fact that the overtime speed is too fast, so that real consideration on actual conditions is lacked. Therefore, the moving speed of the vehicle traveling in the bidirectional lane must be considered at all times.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method and the device, the V2V links are clustered according to the interference level between the V2V links, so that the spectrum resource allocation management of communication between the vehicles is realized, and the utilization rate of limited spectrum resources is effectively improved.
According to a first aspect of some embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method of managing spectrum allocation of a communication network of a vehicle travelling in a bidirectional lane, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring the running speed and position information of vehicles, generating the topological distribution of a vehicle network, and determining the distance between every two vehicles;
determining the duration between V2V links formed between every two vehicles according to the distance and the driving speed, and determining a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time according to the duration;
determining the interference level between every two V2V links according to the interference level between a transmitting end vehicle and a receiving end vehicle in every two V2V links;
dividing a plurality of V2V links with larger interference level among each other into a same cluster, and allocating mutually orthogonal frequency spectrum resources to vehicles in each cluster, so that the vehicles in each cluster multiplex uplink frequency spectrum resources interacted with the base station.
Further, dividing the plurality of V2V links with the larger interference level among each other into the same cluster includes:
acquiring the number N of transmitting ends supporting V2I link communication in each V2V link in K V2V links, and determining the number of clusters as K/N according to the ratio of K to N;
determining the maximum interference level between every two V2V links in K pieces of V2V links, and determining a first V2V link and a second V2V link corresponding to the maximum interference level;
acquiring interference levels between the first and second V2V and V2V links and the other V2V links, and determining the V2V links with respect to N-1 greater interference levels;
dividing the N V2V links related to the larger interference level into a same cluster;
repeating the steps, and dividing the rest V2V links into clusters.
Further, a large-scale fading value gk of an interference channel between every two of the V2V links is calculated according to the following formula.
Wherein, betak，k′A shadow fading random variable which is lognormal distribution of ξ with standard deviation, a is a path loss constant, γ is an attenuation index, and k' represent vehicles in the two V2V links;
Lk，k′the distance function from the receiving-end vehicle to the transmitting-end vehicle in the V2V link is obtained by the following formula:
wherein v isrelativeFor the relative speeds of two of the vehicles in the V2V link,
means of the resulting relative displacement of the two cars during the time the V2V link remains linked;
wherein D isk，k′The distance between two vehicles in the V2V link is calculated by the formula:
wherein x is1，y1By transmitting the position coordinates DUEtx (x) of the vehicle1，y1) Obtaining, x2，y2By receiving the position coordinates D of the vehicleUEre(x2，y2) Obtaining;
according to the interference level g between each V2V linkk，k′Constructing a weighted graph model, namely modeling each V2V link as a vertex, and connecting the two vertexes together through edges when the two vertexes interfere with each other;
obtaining the edge weight S of the weighted graph model according to the following formulak，k′：
Sk，k′＝θ*vrelative+(1-θ)*gk，k′
Wherein θ is a weighting factor;
according to the edge weight Sk，k′And acquiring the maximum interference level between every two V2V links.
Further, dividing the plurality of V2V links with the larger interference level among each other into the same cluster includes:
let G be a graph with a set of vertices V (G) and a set of edges E (V), the graph G being partitioned into K/N disjoint clusters P (1), …, P (K/N);
the topological relationship of the graph is as follows:
wherein S isa，bIs the weight, Σ, of the edge (a, b)e∈E(V)SeThe sum of the weights of all the edges, a and b, represents the interference between points in a cluster and points in other clusters;
said Sk，k′A k-th order matrix of interference levels between every two of the V2V links;
searching the k-order matrix for a maximum value Q1 and determining the element subscript of the maximum value Q1;
searching N-1 values with the maximum sum of Q1 in the rows and columns of the Q1, and dividing the values into the same cluster;
the elements of the k-th order matrix that have been divided are concealed and the process is repeated.
Further, determining the duration between the V2V links formed between each two vehicles includes:
acquiring running speed v of vehicle at transmitting endDUEtxAnd the running speed v of the vehicle on the receiving sideDUEre；
Obtaining the duration T according to the following formula:
wherein v isrelative＝vDUEtx-vDUEre，DsetIs the maximum allowed transmission distance, D, of the V2V linkset≤Dmax，DmaxThe length of the lane is covered for the base station.
Further, determining, based on the duration, a V2V link that can complete the transmission of information within the link time, includes:
if the duration T is more than or equal to TsetThen, the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is determined to be the V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time, wherein TsetThe maximum time threshold value required for completing information transmission in the V2V link is preset;
if the duration T is less than TsetThen the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is a V2V link that cannot complete the information transfer within the link time.
Further, after determining that the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time, the V2V link duration T < TsetThe method also comprises the following steps:
if the duration T is detected to be less than TsetReleasing the V2V link;
searching for the remaining V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time;
and repeating the steps until K V2V links exist again.
According to a second aspect of some embodiments of the present application, there is provided a spectrum allocation management apparatus of a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane, the apparatus comprising:
the vehicle information acquisition module is used for acquiring the running speed and the position information of the vehicles, generating the topological distribution of a vehicle network and determining the distance between every two vehicles;
the target link determining module is used for determining the duration time between V2V links formed between every two vehicles according to the distance and the driving speed, and determining a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time according to the duration time;
an interference level determination module, configured to determine an interference level between every two V2V links according to an interference level between a transmitting-end vehicle and a receiving-end vehicle in every two V2V links;
the clustering and resource allocation module is configured to divide the multiple V2V links with the higher interference level into the same cluster, and allocate mutually orthogonal spectrum resources to the vehicles in each cluster, so that the vehicles in each cluster multiplex uplink spectrum resources interacting with the base station.
According to the frequency spectrum allocation management method and device for the communication network of the vehicle running on the bidirectional lane, the V2V link with the communication service quality meeting the minimum requirement is determined by acquiring the running speed and the position information of the vehicle, the actual condition that the vehicle runs at high speed is fully considered, the V2V link which does not meet the requirement is timely removed, the transmission quality of the V2V link is ensured, and the stability of the V2V link is improved; meanwhile, the large-scale fading and the relative speed of the vehicle are used as the measurement standards of the clustering strategy, so that the interference among clusters is reduced, the influence brought by the high dynamic characteristic of the vehicle is considered, the final clustering result is obtained, the actual situation is better met, and the utilization rate of limited frequency spectrum resources is greatly improved.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system model of a spectrum allocation management method applied to a communication network of a vehicle running on a bidirectional lane according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a step diagram of a spectrum allocation management method for a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of a relationship topology for modeling a V2V link as a vertex according to a spectrum allocation management method for a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an index distribution diagram of spatial positions of vehicles clustered by 30V 2V links according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a spectrum allocation management apparatus of a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the embodiments in the present application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the present application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as detailed in the appended claims. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another similar human body, and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence, nor are they to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Further, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. "and/or" describes an associative relationship with a human body, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context of the associated human is an "or" relationship.
The invention is particularly applied to V2V link vehicles supporting D2D communication in bidirectional lane driving.
The D2D communication technology refers to a communication method for directly communicating between two peer user nodes. In the distributed network formed by D2D communication users, each user node can send and receive signals and has the function of automatic routing. Participants of the network share a portion of the hardware resources they own, including information processing, storage, and network connectivity capabilities. These shared resources provide services and resources to the network that can be accessed directly by other users without going through intermediate entities.
The V2V technology (vehicle to vehicle communication) is one of the car networking technologies. The internet of vehicles technologies include V2V, V2I, V2C, and the like. V2I refers to information exchange between a vehicle and infrastructure, and V2C refers to information exchange between the vehicle and cloud storage. The V2V technology refers to a wireless technology for transmitting data from vehicle to vehicle, i.e. each vehicle acts as a node and radiates wireless information including speed, position, direction, etc. within a certain range. If the vehicles meet, a plurality of V2V links are formed, so that information is transmitted among the vehicles and the movement of each other is known.
Fig. 1 is a system model of an application environment of a spectrum allocation management method for a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane according to the present invention, in an application scenario of a bidirectional highway and fully loaded cellular network, the vehicle communicating with a V2I link occupies an orthogonal channel in a base station, interference occurs between different vehicles and between the vehicles and the base station, and the high dynamic characteristics of the vehicles also affect the communication quality of the V2V link.
Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a spectrum allocation management method for a communication network, which divides a cluster according to a V2V link interference level to reduce communication interference of a cluster component, in consideration of a moving speed of a vehicle, and the specific implementation method is as follows:
referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for managing spectrum allocation of a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane according to the present invention.
In step S101, the traveling speed and position information of the vehicle are acquired, the topological distribution of the vehicle network is generated, and the distance between each two vehicles is determined.
Since the vehicle periodically sends position and speed information to the base station, the base station can acquire the topology of the vehicle network within its signal coverage area. Specifically, the base station is used as an origin, each vehicle is regarded as a node, and the links are formed between the vehicles, so that the distance between the links can be calculated.
In step S102, a duration time between V2V links formed between each two vehicles is determined according to the distance and the driving speed, and a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within a link time is determined according to the duration time.
The duration refers to the maximum duration of the link during which the sending-end vehicle can normally complete normal transmission of data required by the receiving-end vehicle.
In step S103, an interference level between each two V2V links is determined according to an interference level between a transmitting end vehicle and a receiving end vehicle in each two V2V links.
The interference level may be represented by the large scale fading of the V2V link. Large scale fading includes transmission loss, shadow fading, and path loss. The path loss refers to that when a radio signal is transmitted through a channel with a large-scale distance, the energy of the radio wave spreads with the increase of the transmission path, so that the average power of the received signal is attenuated, the attenuation is related to the transmission distance, and the attenuation is increased when the distance is larger. Shadow fading is caused by the fact that a shadow area is formed behind an obstacle due to the shielding of the obstacle, and when a mobile station moves through the shadow area, the signal field intensity of the shadow area is weak, so that the value of the received signal field intensity is slowly changed.
In step S104, the plurality of V2V links having the large interference level therebetween are divided into the same cluster, and mutually orthogonal spectrum resources are allocated to vehicles in each cluster.
The method comprises the steps of allocating mutually orthogonal frequency spectrum resources, namely Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), dividing a channel into a plurality of orthogonal sub-channels, converting a high-speed data signal into parallel low-speed sub-data streams, modulating the low-speed sub-data streams to each sub-channel for transmission, reducing mutual interference among the sub-channels and enabling channel equalization to be relatively easy.
In a specific embodiment, the method of dividing the multiple V2V links with the larger interference level among each other into the same cluster includes:
acquiring the number N of transmitting ends supporting V2I link communication in each V2V link in K V2V links, and determining the number of clusters as K/N according to the ratio of K to N;
determining the maximum interference level between every two V2V links in K pieces of V2V links, and determining a first V2V link and a second V2V link corresponding to the maximum interference level;
acquiring interference levels between the first and second V2V and V2V links and the other V2V links, and determining the V2V links with respect to N-1 greater interference levels;
dividing the N V2V links related to the larger interference level into a same cluster;
repeating the steps, and dividing the rest V2V links into clusters.
In a specific embodiment, the large-scale fading value g of the interference channel between every two V2V links is calculated according to the following formulak，k′：
Wherein, betak，k′A shadow fading random variable which is lognormal distribution of ξ with standard deviation, a is a path loss constant, γ is an attenuation index, and k' represent vehicles in the two V2V links;
Lk，k′the distance function from the receiving-end vehicle to the transmitting-end vehicle in the V2V link is obtained by the following formula:
wherein v isrelativeFor the relative speeds of two of the vehicles in the V2V link,
refers to the mean of the resulting relative displacements of the two cars during the time the V2V link remains linked.
During the link keeping time, the vehicles are always in a high-speed moving state, so that the actual distance between the two vehicles needs to be estimated in the transmission time. Wherein D isk，k′For the distance between two of the vehicles in the V2V link, its value is calculated according to the euclidean distance formula as:
wherein x is1，y1Transmitting end acquired for base stationPosition coordinates DUEtx (x) of vehicle1，y1)，x2，y2Position coordinate DUEre (x) of receiving-end vehicle acquired by base station2，y2)；
According to the interference level g between each V2V linkk，k′Building a weighted graph model, as shown in fig. 3, modeling each V2V link as a vertex, and connecting the two vertices together through an edge when the two vertices interfere with each other;
obtaining the edge weight S of the weighted graph model according to the following formulak，k′：
Sk，k′＝θ*vrelative+(1-θ)*gk，k′
Wherein θ is a weighting factor;
according to the edge weight Sk，k′And acquiring the maximum interference level between every two V2V links.
In one embodiment, the specific method of dividing the multiple V2V links with the larger interference level among each other into the same cluster includes:
the clustering problem is converted into a graph partitioning problem, and the method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a relational topology diagram modeling the V2V link as a vertex according to the present invention.
Let G be a graph with a set of vertices V (G) and a set of edges E (V), the graph G being partitioned into K/N disjoint clusters P (1), …, P (K/N);
the topological relationship of the graph is as follows:
wherein S isa，bIs the weight, Σ, of the edge (a, b)e∈E(V)SeThe sum of the weights referring to all edges, a, b represents the interference of points in a cluster with points in other clusters;
said Sk，k′A k-th order matrix of interference levels between every two of the V2V links in a cluster;
searching the k-order matrix for a maximum value Q1 and determining the element subscript of the maximum value Q1;
searching N-1 values with the maximum sum of Q1 in the rows and columns of the Q1, and dividing the values into the same cluster;
the elements of the k-th order matrix that have been divided are concealed and the process is repeated.
In a practical example, there are 30V 2V links, 10 vehicles communicating with V2I links, and vehicles communicating with V2I links use orthogonal frequency spectrums, which can be regarded as no signal interference. Divide 30 vertices into 3 sets: p1, P2, P3, wherein 3 < 30. To reuse the uplink spectrum resources of 10 cellular users for 30V 2V links, the interference between clusters of all clusters is minimized, i.e., sigma is minimizedk/n(∑k，k′∈PnSk，k′) I.e. dividing the strongly interfering V2V links into the same set, so that the V2V links in different sets can share the same spectrum resource without causing excessive mutual interference.
Minimization
Can be equivalent to maximizing sigmaa∈Pi，b∈Pj，i＜jSa，b。Sk，k′The k-th order matrix of (a), which is the interference matrix between clusters. The maximum Q1 is found in the 30 th order matrix, the element index of the maximum Q1 is determined, and the N-1 value that is the maximum of the sum of Q1 is found in the row and column of the value, grouped in the same cluster. And then hiding the selected element values corresponding to different V2V links, and continuously searching the maximum value Q2 in the matrix at the moment, and continuously classifying by the method. At termination, the algorithm outputs K/N clusters, with 20 (20 cars) in each cluster, i.e., 10V 2V links, for the member.
The clustering result is shown in fig. 4, and fig. 4 is an index distribution diagram of the spatial positions of the vehicles after the 30V 2V links are clustered.
In a specific embodiment, the duration between the V2V links formed between every two vehicles is determined, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
for obtaining vehicles at the transmitting endSpeed v of travelDUEtxAnd the running speed v of the vehicle on the receiving sideDUEre；
Obtaining the duration T according to the following formula:
wherein v isrelative＝vDUEtx-vDUEre，DsetIs the maximum allowed transmission distance, D, of the V2V linkset≤Dmax，DmaxThe length of the lane is covered for the base station.
In a specific embodiment, according to the duration, a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time is determined, and the specific method includes:
if the duration T is more than or equal to TsetThen, the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is determined to be the V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time, wherein TsetThe maximum time threshold value required for completing information transmission in the V2V link is preset;
if the duration T is less than TsetThen the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is a V2V link that cannot complete the information transfer within the link time.
In a specific embodiment, after determining that the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time, the duration T < T of the V2V link issetThe method also comprises the following steps:
if the duration T is detected to be less than TsetReleasing the V2V link;
searching for the remaining V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time;
and repeating the steps until K V2V links exist again.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a spectrum allocation management apparatus of a communication network of a bidirectional lane driving vehicle according to the present invention, which corresponds to the above-mentioned spectrum allocation management method of a communication network of a bidirectional lane driving vehicle, and the present embodiment further provides a spectrum allocation management apparatus of a communication network of a bidirectional lane driving vehicle, where the apparatus 200 includes:
the vehicle information acquiring module 201 is configured to acquire the driving speed and the position information of the vehicle, generate a topological distribution of a vehicle network, and determine a distance between every two vehicles.
And the target link determining module 202 is used for determining the duration between the V2V links formed between every two vehicles according to the distance and the driving speed, and determining the V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time according to the duration.
An interference level determining module 203, configured to determine an interference level between every two V2V links according to an interference level between a transmitting end vehicle and a receiving end vehicle in every two V2V links.
A clustering and resource allocating module 204, configured to divide the multiple V2V links with the higher interference level into the same cluster, and allocate mutually orthogonal spectrum resources to the vehicles in each cluster, so that the vehicles in each cluster multiplex uplink spectrum resources interacting with the base station.
According to the frequency spectrum allocation management method and device for the communication network of the vehicle running on the bidirectional lane, the V2V link with the communication service quality meeting the minimum requirement is determined by acquiring the running speed and the position information of the vehicle, the actual condition that the vehicle runs at high speed is fully considered, the V2V link which does not meet the requirement is timely removed, the transmission quality of the V2V link is ensured, and the stability of the V2V link is improved; meanwhile, the large-scale fading and the relative speed of the vehicle are used as the measurement standards of the clustering strategy, so that the interference among clusters is reduced, the influence brought by the high dynamic characteristic of the vehicle is considered, the final clustering result is obtained, the actual situation is better met, and the utilization rate of limited frequency spectrum resources is greatly improved.
It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the embodiments of the present application is limited only by the following claims.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express a few embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the present application, and these embodiments are within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for managing the allocation of frequency spectrum to a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring the running speed and position information of vehicles, generating the topological distribution of a vehicle network, and determining the distance between every two vehicles;
determining the duration between V2V links formed between every two vehicles according to the distance and the driving speed, and determining a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time according to the duration;
determining the interference level between every two V2V links according to the interference level between a transmitting end vehicle and a receiving end vehicle in every two V2V links;
dividing a plurality of V2V links with larger interference level among each other into a same cluster, and allocating mutually orthogonal frequency spectrum resources to vehicles in each cluster, so that the vehicles in each cluster multiplex uplink frequency spectrum resources interacted with the base station.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of dividing the plurality of V2V links having a relatively high level of interference with each other into a same cluster comprises:
acquiring the number N of transmitting ends supporting V2I link communication in each V2V link in K V2V links, and determining the number of clusters as K/N according to the ratio of K to N;
determining the maximum interference level between every two V2V links in K pieces of V2V links, and determining a first V2V link and a second V2V link corresponding to the maximum interference level;
acquiring interference levels between the first V2V link and the second V2V link and the other V2V links, and determining N-1V 2V links with larger interference levels;
dividing the N V2V links related to the larger interference level into the same cluster;
repeating the steps, and dividing the rest V2V links into clusters.
3. The method for managing spectrum allocation of a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane according to claim 2, further comprising:
calculating the large-scale fading value g of the interference channel between every two V2V links according to the following formulak，k′：
Wherein, betak，k′A shadow fading random variable which is lognormal distribution of ξ with standard deviation, a is a path loss constant, γ is an attenuation index, and k' represent vehicles in the two V2V links;
Lk，k′the distance function from the receiving-end vehicle to the transmitting-end vehicle in the V2V link is obtained by the following formula:
wherein v isrelativeFor the relative speeds of two of the vehicles in the V2V link,
means that the link is kept at V2V for the link timeThe mean of the resulting relative displacements of the inner two cars;
wherein D isk，k′The distance between two vehicles in the V2V link is calculated by the formula:
wherein x is1，y1By transmitting the position coordinates DUEtx (x) of the vehicle1，y1) Obtaining, x2，y2By receiving the position coordinates DUEre (x) of the vehicle2，y2) Obtaining;
according to the interference level g between each V2V linkk，k′Constructing a weighted graph model, namely modeling each V2V link as a vertex, and connecting the two vertexes together through edges when the two vertexes interfere with each other;
obtaining the edge weight S of the weighted graph model according to the following formulak，k′：
Sk，k′＝θ*vrelative+(1-θ)*gk，k′
Wherein θ is a weighting factor;
according to the edge weight Sk，k′And acquiring the maximum interference level between every two V2V links.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of dividing the plurality of V2V links having a relatively high level of interference with each other into a same cluster comprises:
let G be a graph with a set of vertices V (G) and a set of edges E (V), the graph G being partitioned into K/N disjoint clusters P (1), …, P (K/N);
the topological relationship of the graph is as follows:
wherein S isa，bIs the weight, Σ, of the edge (a, b)e∈E(V)SeThe sum of the weights of all the edges is referred to, a and b represent the interference of points in the cluster and points in other clusters;
said Sk，k′A k-th order matrix of interference levels between every two of the V2V links in a cluster;
searching the k-order matrix for a maximum value Q1 and determining the element subscript of the maximum value Q1;
searching N-1 values with the maximum sum of Q1 in the rows and columns of the Q1, and dividing the values into the same cluster;
the elements of the k-th order matrix that have been divided are concealed and the process is repeated.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the duration between V2V links formed between each two vehicles comprises:
acquiring running speed v of vehicle at transmitting endDUEtxAnd the running speed v of the vehicle on the receiving sideDUEre；
Obtaining the duration T according to the following formula:
wherein v isrelative＝vDUEtx-vDUEre，DsetIs the maximum allowed transmission distance, D, of the V2V linkset≤Dmax，DmaxThe length of the lane is covered for the base station.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the V2V link that can complete information transmission within the link time based on the duration comprises:
if the duration T is more than or equal to TsetThen determine the twoThe V2V link formed between vehicles is a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time, wherein TsetThe maximum time threshold value required for completing information transmission in the V2V link is preset;
if the duration T is less than TsetThen the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is a V2V link that cannot complete the information transfer within the link time.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the duration T < T of the V2V link is determined after the V2V link formed between the two vehicles is determined to be V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link timesetThe method also comprises the following steps:
if the duration T is detected to be less than TsetReleasing the V2V link;
searching for the remaining V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time;
and repeating the steps until K V2V links exist again.
8. A spectrum allocation management apparatus of a communication network of a vehicle traveling in a bidirectional lane, comprising:
the vehicle information acquisition module is used for acquiring the running speed and the position information of the vehicles, generating the topological distribution of a vehicle network and determining the distance between every two vehicles;
the target link determining module is used for determining the duration time between V2V links formed between every two vehicles according to the distance and the driving speed, and determining a V2V link capable of completing information transmission within the link time according to the duration time;
an interference level determination module, configured to determine an interference level between every two V2V links according to an interference level between a transmitting-end vehicle and a receiving-end vehicle in every two V2V links;
the clustering and resource allocation module is configured to divide the multiple V2V links with the higher interference level into the same cluster, and allocate mutually orthogonal spectrum resources to the vehicles in each cluster, so that the vehicles in each cluster multiplex uplink spectrum resources interacting with the base station.
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| CN103596182A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-19 | 北京邮电大学 | Method for managing spectrum resources in D2D communications |
| EP3404976A1 (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-21 | Universidad de Deusto | Procedure for managing radioelectric resources in 5g cellular networks aiming at the reuse of resources for vehicle-to-vehicle, v2v, communications |
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