CN113709046A - PRP-based cross-three-layer exchange parallel redundancy method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method, wherein PRP nodes in a network A learn physical MAC addresses of a three-layer switch C1 and a three-layer switch C2 through a first network card A and a second network card B; the PRP node saves the originating MAC address and the message serial number in the redundancy control field, the PRP node updates the destination MAC address of the new message to be consistent with the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2, the PRP node in the network B discards a new message with the same originating MAC address and serial number, and the other new message is received and normally processed. The PRP-based cross-three-layer exchange parallel redundancy method provided by the invention realizes cross-different-network parallel redundancy, thereby supporting more networking structures and modes and providing more flexibility for practical application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a PRP-based cross-three-layer exchange parallel redundancy method, belonging to the technical field of computer networks.
Background
At present, except for the front-end acquisition and the use of a dual-network structure, a core platform system of the power dispatching automation master station system adopts common multi-machine hot standby, network card binding and mutual standby of switches to ensure the reliability of a network. However, the system network failure is not always isolated, the mutually-backup switches often adopt the same software and hardware configuration, and certain hardware family problems or software failures can cause collective failures of the mutually-backup switches, so that the system network is broken down.
The 15 th working group of the international electrotechnical standard committee IEC SC65 makes a special regulation on network redundancy aiming at how to build a highly effective automation network, wherein a PRP (parallel redundancy protocol) regulated by IEC62439-3 theoretically realizes a seamless switching effect of zero self-healing time and zero packet loss rate, and provides a solution for a scheduling automation system to construct highly reliable dual-network topological redundancy.
PRP parallel redundancy depends on two network structures running in parallel, a redundancy mechanism is introduced into a data link layer, each message is copied and added with a redundancy control field in the data link layer and then sent to two independent parallel networks, a receiving end carries out duplicate removal on the data link layer according to a source MAC address in the message and a serial number in the redundancy control field, and one message after the duplicate removal is uploaded to a protocol layer for processing. When one network fails, switching is not needed, zero failure recovery time can be realized, and the communication quality of the automatic network is greatly improved.
PRP works well in lan areas, but due to security concerns in the dispatch automation master system, the servers and dispatcher workstations are often in different network segments and need to communicate across the three-tier switch. If a communication node needs to cross different networks through a three-layer switch, the PRP has two problems: 1. when the network message passes through the three-layer switch, the switch will modify the source MAC address in the message into the MAC address of the switch, so that the PRP will fail based on the message source MAC address and the sequence number duplicate removal algorithm. 2. Under the PRP communication model, two three-layer switches share one IP address but have two MAC addresses, and the ARP protocol of an operating system can only support 1-to-1 resolution from the IP address to the MAC address. Therefore, when sending data, the operating system protocol layer can only resolve the MAC address of one of the three-layer switches through the gateway IP, and thus only one path of data can be correctly forwarded to the receiving end through the three-layer switch. Thereby losing the functionality of redundancy.
The method solves the general parallel redundancy problem in the field of network communication, and is not limited to the communication application of the dispatching automation master station system. The method can be applied to all application scenarios with the highest reliability and availability requirements for network communication.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows: in order to overcome the problem that in the prior art, when a PRP message passes through a three-layer switch, a source MAC address is replaced to cause that duplicate removal cannot be carried out and the defect that in a double-network, two three-layer switches have different MAC addresses to cause that PRP cannot realize a redundancy function, the invention provides a PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method, which carries out three-layer expansion on the basis of the PRP (parallel redundancy protocol) specified by IEC62439-3, constructs an independent double-network structure for a core platform such as a dispatching automation master station system and provides a cross-network-segment access mode.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a PRP-based cross-three-layer exchange parallel redundancy method comprises the following steps:
the PRP node in the network A sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C1 connected with the network A through a first network card A, sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C2 connected with the network A through a second network card B, the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 respectively reply an ARP response message to the PRP node, learns the physical MAC addresses of the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 from the two ARP response messages, stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C1 in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a kernel module of the PRP node, and stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C2 in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node.
When a PRP node in a network A sends a message to a PRP node in a network B, the PRP node sets a transmitting end MAC address and a message serial number in a redundancy control field of the message to form a new message, the PRP node sends the new message to a corresponding three-layer switch C1 and a corresponding three-layer switch C2 through a first network card A and a second network card B respectively, and when the PRP node detects that a destination MAC address in the new message sent by the first network card A is not consistent with a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a kernel module of the PRP node, the destination MAC address in the new message is replaced by a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC, and the new message is continuously sent; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the first network card A is consistent with the variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the second network card B does not accord with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, replacing the destination MAC address in the new message with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC, and continuing sending; and when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the second network card B conforms to the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message.
The new message is respectively sent to the PRP node in the network B through the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2, the PRP node in the network B discards one new message with the same MAC address of the originating end and the message serial number in the two new messages, and the other new message is received and normally processed.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the PRP node in the network B sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C1 connected with the network B through a third network card A, sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C2 connected with the network B through a fourth network card B, the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 respectively reply an ARP response message to the PRP node, learns the physical MAC addresses of the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 from the two ARP response messages, stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C1 in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a kernel module of the PRP node, and stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C2 in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node.
When a PRP node in a network B sends a message to a PRP node in a network A, the PRP node sets a transmitting end MAC address and a message serial number in a redundancy control field of the message to form a new message, the PRP node sends the new message to a corresponding three-layer switch C1 and a corresponding three-layer switch C2 through a third network card A and a fourth network card B respectively, and when the PRP node detects that a destination MAC address in the new message sent by the third network card A does not accord with a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a kernel module of the PRP node, the destination MAC address in the new message is replaced by a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC, and the new message is continuously sent; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the third network card A is consistent with the variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the fourth network card B does not accord with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, replacing the destination MAC address in the new message with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC, and continuing to send the message; and when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the fourth network card B conforms to the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message.
The new message is respectively sent to the PRP node in the network A through the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2, the PRP node in the network A discards one new message with the same MAC address of the originating end and the message serial number in the two new messages, and the other new message is received and normally processed.
As a preferred scheme, the originating MAC address is set to the MAC address of the PRP node.
Preferably, the network a has a plurality of PRP nodes, the plurality of PRP nodes are respectively connected with the switch a1 through the first network card a, and the switch a1 is connected with the three-layer switch C1; the plurality of PRP nodes are respectively connected with a switch A2 through a second network card B, and a switch A2 is connected with a three-layer switch C2.
Preferably, the switch a1 and the switch a2 adopt two-layer switches.
Preferably, a plurality of PRP nodes are set in the network B, the plurality of PRP nodes are respectively connected with the switch B1 through the third network card a, and the switch B1 is connected with the three-layer switch C1; the PRP nodes are respectively connected with a switch B2 through a fourth network card B, and a switch B2 is connected with a three-layer switch C2.
Preferably, the switches B1 and B2 are two-layer switches.
Preferably, the redundancy control field further includes a network identifier, a data length, and a PRP identifier.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method, which breaks through a communication model that PRP is limited in the same IP network segment by expanding a PRP redundancy control field and a gateway (three-layer switch) MAC address learning method, realizes cross-network redundancy communication of the PRP through the three-layer switch, breaks through the limitation that the PRP can only be used for a local area network before, realizes cross-different-network parallel redundancy, supports more networking structures and modes, and provides greater flexibility for practical application.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a format of a data link layer PRP message frame.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of PRP parallel redundancy across a network.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A cross-three-layer exchange parallel redundancy method based on PRP is to support cross-network redundancy of PRP. The invention provides a method for realizing the duplicate removal of a PRP message across a three-layer switching network and the automatic learning of the MAC address of a three-layer switch connected with a local network port by a PRP double network port. The method comprises the following steps:
the link redundancy layer of the existing PRP attaches a redundancy control field at the tail of each message, and the redundancy control field consists of four parts, namely a message serial number, a network identifier, a data length and a PRP identifier. The receiving end performs deduplication processing according to the source MAC address of the message and the message serial number in the redundancy control field, but the existing PRP cannot solve the problem that the source MAC address is modified when the message is forwarded by the three-layer switch, the redundancy control field is expanded by the invention, the originating MAC address is stored in the redundancy control field, and as shown in FIG. 1, the new redundancy control field comprises the following data fields: the system comprises an originating MAC address, a message serial number, a network identifier, a data length and a PRP identifier. Therefore, the receiving end only needs to carry out duplicate removal according to the transmitting end MAC address and the message serial number in the redundancy control field, and one part of two messages with the same transmitting end MAC address and the same message serial number is reserved and discarded. The duplicate removal of the receiving end does not depend on the source MAC address field in the data link layer message, and the PRP message can be correctly subjected to duplicate removal processing across different networks no matter the PRP message is forwarded by a three-layer switch or inside a local area network.
The default gateway is a router in the network that acts as an access point to other networks. As shown in fig. 2, in the PRP redundant network, each PRP node is connected to parallel networks (a 1, a2), (B1, B2) through its own A, B two physical network cards, and the two PRP redundant networks serve as gateways through two peer three-layer switches to realize redundant interconnection. Because the MAC addresses of the two three-layer switches are different, the following steps describe how to automatically learn the gateway MAC address and store the result in the PRP kernel module and the special processing of the data message sent to the gateway when the PRP sends data.
In the network A, the network card A managed by the PRP sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C1 connected with the network card A, the IP address of a gateway (the three-layer switch C1) is written by a target IP address, the gateway receives the ARP request message and replies an ARP response message through the gateway, the response message contains the MAC address of the gateway (the three-layer switch C1) in the network A, and the PRP learns the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C1 gateway connected with the network card A after receiving the ARP response message from the network card A. And saves the MAC address to NET _ a _ GW _ MAC variable of the PRP kernel module.
In the same way, the physical MAC address of the gateway of the three-layer switch C2 connected to the network card B is learned by ARP on the network card B managed by the PRP. This MAC address is saved into the NET _ B _ GW _ MAC variable of the PRP kernel module.
In the network B, the network card A managed by the PRP sends an ARP request message to the three-layer switch C1 connected with the network card A, the IP address of the gateway (the three-layer switch C1) is written by the target IP address, the gateway receives the ARP request message and replies an ARP response message through the gateway, the response message contains the MAC address of the gateway (the three-layer switch C1) in the network B, and the PRP learns the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C1 gateway connected with the network card A after receiving the ARP response message from the network card A. And saves the MAC address to NET _ a _ GW _ MAC variable of the PRP kernel module.
In the same way, the physical MAC address of the gateway of the three-layer switch C2 connected to the network card B is learned by ARP on the network card B managed by the PRP. This MAC address is saved into the NET _ B _ GW _ MAC variable of the PRP kernel module.
When a message reaches a PRP data link redundancy layer through an application layer, a transmission layer and a network layer, if the destination MAC address of the message is equal to NET _ A _ GW _ MAC or NET _ B _ GW _ MAC, the message is sent to a gateway, the PRP judges whether the message is sent to a corresponding three-layer switch gateway according to the destination MAC addresses of the messages sent by the network card A and the network card B respectively, the specific judgment method is that if the destination MAC address of the message sent by the network card A is equal to NET _ A _ GW _ MAC or the destination MAC address of the message sent by the network card B is equal to NET _ B _ GW _ MAC, the message is sent to the corresponding gateway, otherwise, the message is not sent. If not, the message is subjected to destination MAC address replacement, when the redundant message is sent to the three-layer switch C1 through the network card A, the destination MAC address is replaced by the MAC address NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of the three-layer switch C1 gateway learned by the network card A, and when the redundant message is sent to the three-layer switch C2 through the network card B, the destination MAC address is replaced by the MAC address NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the three-layer switch gateway learned by the network card B. Thus, the two redundant messages respectively sent by the network card A and the network card B can be correctly received and forwarded by the two three-layer switches on the parallel network.
The originating MAC address in the PRP redundancy control field is the newly extended field of the present invention. Before the domain is expanded, the PRP receiving end carries out duplication elimination judgment through a source MAC address in the PRP message and a serial number in a PRP redundancy control field, and if the PRP message is forwarded through a three-layer switch, the PRP can not carry out duplication elimination judgment. After the domain is expanded, the PRP receiving end carries out duplicate removal judgment through the originating MAC address and the serial number in the PRP redundancy control field. Therefore, when the three-layer switch forwards the message, the source MAC address is modified, so that the duplicate removal judgment of the PRP cannot be influenced.
Referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the PRP is redundant across networks and dual networks in parallel, and each PRP node is connected to two parallel networks (a 1, a2), (B1, and B2) through two network cards A, B, respectively.
The PRP redundant network A is in 10.20.1 network segment, and each PRP node of the network segment sets the IP of the default gateway (three-layer switch C1) to be 10.20.1.1.
The PRP redundant network B is in a 192.168.1 network segment, and each PRP node of the network segment sets a default gateway IP (three-layer switch C1) to be 192.168.1.1.
The parallel three-tier switch C1 and the three-tier switch C2 connect the PRP redundant network a and the PRP redundant network B into a larger cross-network parallel redundant network.
The network card a of each PRP node is connected through switch a1 and switch B1 to the tri-level switch C1,
the network card B of each PRP node is connected to the tri-tier switch C2 through switch a2 and switch B2.
The PRP node learns the MAC addresses of the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 from the network card a and the network card B through ARP messages.
If the PRP node with IP address 10.20.1.100 is to send a message to the PRP node of 192.168.1.100.
At the data link layer of 10.20.1.100 node, PRP will copy the message into two parts, and at the tail of the message, PRP redundancy control field is added, and the MAC address of this PRP node is filled into the redundancy control field, and the MAC address field, serial number, etc. of the originating end is sent.
Because the destination IP of the packet is in two different network segments and needs to be forwarded through the three-layer switch, the destination MAC address in the PRP packet of the data link layer is the MAC address pointing to the three-layer switch.
The PRP sends out the message through the network card a and the network card B of the 10.20.1.100 node.
When the PRP sends a message through the network card a, it finds that the destination MAC address is directed to the three-layer switch C2, and sets the destination MAC address in the message as the MAC address NET _ a _ GW _ MAC of the three-layer switch C1 learned by the network card a.
Similarly, when the PRP sends a message through the network card B, it finds that the destination MAC address is directed to the three-layer switch C1, and sets the destination MAC address in the message as the three-layer switch C2MAC address NET _ B _ GW _ MAC learned by the network card B.
The two messages reach the PRP node 192.168.1.100 through the two-layer switch and the three-layer switch respectively. The node will take the originating MAC address and sequence number from the redundancy control field of the PRP message and then perform deduplication processing. Redundant messages sent from PRP node 10.20.1.100 after deduplication will be received for normal processing on one and discarded on the other.
This completes a PRP communication across the network redundancy.
The switch A1, the switch A2, the PRP node A1, the PRP node A2 and the PRP node A3 form a PRP redundant network A, and the IP of all PRP nodes in the PRP redundant network A is in a 10.20.1 network segment.
The switch B1, the switch B2, the PRP node B1, the PRP node B2 and the PRP node B3 form a PRP redundant network B, and the IP of all PRP nodes in the PRP redundant network B is in a 192.168.1 network segment.
Before the invention is applied, the PRP redundancy function can only work normally in the local area network of the same network segment, as shown in figure 2, the communication node between the PRP redundancy network A and the PRP redundancy network B can not carry out redundancy communication.
Example (b):
after the invention is applied, the limitation that the PRP redundancy can only work in the same network segment is broken through, and the redundant communication can be realized in the network segment crossing network environment through two parallel three-layer switches. The PRP redundant network A and the PRP redundant network B are equivalent to a larger PRP cross-network-segment parallel redundant network formed by the PRP redundant network A and the PRP redundant network B and two three-layer switches. Any PRP communication node in the 10.20.1.X network can complete redundant communication with any PRP communication node in the 192.168.1.X network, thereby enlarging the range of PRP redundant communication and further improving the robustness of the system.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A PRP-based cross-three-layer exchange parallel redundancy method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a PRP node in a network A sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C1 connected with the network A through a first network card A, sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C2 connected with the network A through a second network card B, the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 respectively reply an ARP response message to the PRP node, learns physical MAC addresses of the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 from the two ARP response messages, stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C1 into NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a kernel module of the PRP node, and stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C2 into NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node;
when a PRP node in a network A sends a message to a PRP node in a network B, the PRP node sets a transmitting end MAC address and a message serial number in a redundancy control field of the message to form a new message, the PRP node sends the new message to a corresponding three-layer switch C1 and a corresponding three-layer switch C2 through a first network card A and a second network card B respectively, and when the PRP node detects that a destination MAC address in the new message sent by the first network card A is not consistent with a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a kernel module of the PRP node, the destination MAC address in the new message is replaced by a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC, and the new message is continuously sent; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the first network card A is consistent with the variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the second network card B does not accord with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, replacing the destination MAC address in the new message with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC, and continuing sending; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the second network card B conforms to the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message;
the new message is respectively sent to the PRP node in the network B through the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2, the PRP node in the network B discards one new message with the same MAC address of the originating end and the message serial number in the two new messages, and the other new message is received and normally processed.
2. The PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising: a PRP node in a network B sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C1 connected with the network B through a third network card A, sends an ARP request message to a three-layer switch C2 connected with the network B through a fourth network card B, the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 respectively reply an ARP response message to the PRP node, learns physical MAC addresses of the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2 from the two ARP response messages, stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C1 in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a PRP node kernel module, and stores the physical MAC address of the three-layer switch C2 in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the PRP node kernel module;
when a PRP node in a network B sends a message to a PRP node in a network A, the PRP node sets a transmitting end MAC address and a message serial number in a redundancy control field of the message to form a new message, the PRP node sends the new message to a corresponding three-layer switch C1 and a corresponding three-layer switch C2 through a third network card A and a fourth network card B respectively, and when the PRP node detects that a destination MAC address in the new message sent by the third network card A does not accord with a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of a kernel module of the PRP node, the destination MAC address in the new message is replaced by a variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC, and the new message is continuously sent; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the third network card A is consistent with the variable in NET _ A _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the fourth network card B does not accord with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, replacing the destination MAC address in the new message with the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC, and continuing to send the message; when the PRP node detects that the destination MAC address in the new message sent by the fourth network card B conforms to the variable in NET _ B _ GW _ MAC of the kernel module of the PRP node, the PRP node continues to send the message;
the new message is respectively sent to the PRP node in the network A through the three-layer switch C1 and the three-layer switch C2, the PRP node in the network A discards one new message with the same MAC address of the originating end and the message serial number in the two new messages, and the other new message is received and normally processed.
3. The PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and the originating MAC address is set as the MAC address of the PRP node.
4. The PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the network A is provided with a plurality of PRP nodes, the plurality of PRP nodes are respectively connected with a switch A1 through a first network card A, and a switch A1 is connected with a three-layer switch C1; the plurality of PRP nodes are respectively connected with a switch A2 through a second network card B, and a switch A2 is connected with a three-layer switch C2.
5. The PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method according to claim 4, wherein: the switch A1 and the switch A2 adopt two-layer switches.
6. The PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method according to claim 2, wherein: the network B is provided with a plurality of PRP nodes, the plurality of PRP nodes are respectively connected with a switch B1 through a third network card A, and a switch B1 is connected with a three-layer switch C1; the PRP nodes are respectively connected with a switch B2 through a fourth network card B, and a switch B2 is connected with a three-layer switch C2.
7. The PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method according to claim 6, wherein: the switch B1 and the switch B2 adopt two-layer switches.
8. The PRP-based cross-three-layer switching parallel redundancy method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the redundancy control field also comprises a network identifier, a data length and a PRP identifier.
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