CN113708807A - Channel modeling method based on MIMO-OTA base station static test - Google Patents

Channel modeling method based on MIMO-OTA base station static test Download PDF

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CN113708807A
CN113708807A CN202111039092.0A CN202111039092A CN113708807A CN 113708807 A CN113708807 A CN 113708807A CN 202111039092 A CN202111039092 A CN 202111039092A CN 113708807 A CN113708807 A CN 113708807A
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base station
antenna
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CN113708807B (en
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李鹏
张吉林
李文军
沈亮
王川
王维
石璞
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Ksw Technologies Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • H04B17/3911—Fading models or fading generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract

The invention relates to a channel modeling method based on static test of an MIMO-OTA base station, belonging to the technical field of wireless communication; for the base station test, in the Sub6G frequency band, through the conduction connection, a fading channel model experienced by the terminal under the moving or static track can be simulated, however, in the millimeter wave frequency band, on one hand, because the number of the arrays of the base station is greatly increased, on the other hand, because of the characteristics of the millimeter wave frequency band, the base station can not provide the port of the conduction test any more. Therefore, a multi-probe full-electric-wave microwave anechoic chamber is the most suitable test scheme at present, and the invention provides a channel modeling method based on static test of an MIMO-OTA base station; a subset is selected from the available probe positions on the probe wall, and the spatial profile of the target channel can be reconstructed by optimizing the power weight of the probe by using a pre-fading synthesis technology.

Description

Channel modeling method based on MIMO-OTA base station static test
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a channel modeling method based on static test of an MIMO-OTA base station.
Background
The conventional channel modeling adopts a channel modeling method in the 3GPP-38901 protocol. According to the 3GPP-38901 protocol, a conventional geometry-based modeling formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003248540980000011
wherein
Figure BDA0003248540980000012
The non-straight-line-of-sight path is represented,
Figure BDA0003248540980000013
denotes the direct diameter, KRThe Rice K factor represents the specific gravity of the LOS path in all paths, τ1Representing the relative time delay of the direct viewing path. Each non-direct-view path is formed by superposing 20 sub-paths.
Figure BDA0003248540980000014
And
Figure BDA0003248540980000015
the modeling method of (1) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003248540980000016
Figure BDA0003248540980000017
wherein, wk,nRepresents the power weight of the nth cluster mapped to the kth probe; ZOA represents the angle of pitch; AOA represents the azimuth of arrival; ZOD denotes the angle of departure pitch;AOD represents the departure azimuth; u denotes an antenna index of a reception antenna; s denotes an antenna index of the transmitting antenna; n represents a cluster index; m represents a sub-diameter index; pnRepresents a normalized cluster power; m represents the number of the sub-diameters; θ represents a pitch angle;
Figure BDA0003248540980000018
representing an azimuth; ftx,s,θA directional pattern indicating a vertical direction of the transmitting antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000021
a directional pattern indicating a horizontal direction of the transmitting antenna; frx,u,θA directional pattern representing a vertical direction of the receiving antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000022
a directional pattern representing a horizontal direction of the receiving antenna; κ represents the cross-polarization ratio; Φ represents a random phase;
Figure BDA0003248540980000023
representing the coordinates of the receiving terminal in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure BDA0003248540980000024
representing the coordinates of the transmitting base station in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure BDA0003248540980000025
a coordinate vector representing the u-th receiving antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000026
a coordinate vector representing the s-th transmit antenna; d3DIndicating a straight-line distance between the terminal and the base station; lambda [ alpha ]0Represents a wavelength;
Figure BDA0003248540980000027
representing the velocity vector of the terminal.
Aiming at the base station test, in the Sub6G frequency band, through the conduction connection, the scheme can simulate the fading channel model experienced by the terminal under the moving or static track, however, in the millimeter wave frequency band, on one hand, the number of the arrays of the base station is greatly increased, and on the other hand, the base station can not provide the port of the conduction test any more due to the characteristics of the millimeter wave frequency band.
Therefore, at present, a channel modeling method based on static test of the MIMO-OTA base station needs to be designed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a channel modeling method based on static test of an MIMO-OTA base station, which is used for solving the technical problems in the prior art, such as: aiming at the base station test, in the Sub6G frequency band, through the conduction connection, the scheme can simulate the fading channel model experienced by the terminal under the moving or static track, however, in the millimeter wave frequency band, on one hand, the number of the arrays of the base station is greatly increased, and on the other hand, the base station can not provide the port of the conduction test any more due to the characteristics of the millimeter wave frequency band.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a channel modeling method based on static test of an MIMO-OTA base station comprises the following steps:
s1: in a multi-probe full-electric-wave microwave anechoic chamber, a subset is preferably selected from available probe positions on a probe wall;
s2: assuming that a total of K probes are used, under MIMO-OTA testing,
Figure BDA0003248540980000028
and
Figure BDA0003248540980000029
the modeling method of (1) is as follows:
Figure BDA00032485409800000210
Figure BDA0003248540980000031
wherein the content of the first and second substances,wk,nrepresents the power weight of the nth cluster mapped to the kth probe; ZOA represents the angle of pitch; AOA represents the azimuth of arrival; ZOD denotes the angle of departure pitch; AOD represents the departure azimuth; u denotes an antenna index of a reception antenna; s denotes an antenna index of the transmitting antenna; n represents a cluster index; m represents a sub-diameter index; pnRepresents a normalized cluster power; m represents the number of the sub-diameters; θ represents a pitch angle;
Figure BDA0003248540980000032
representing an azimuth; ftx,s,θA directional pattern indicating a vertical direction of the transmitting antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000033
a directional pattern indicating a horizontal direction of the transmitting antenna; frx,u,θA directional pattern representing a vertical direction of the receiving antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000034
a directional pattern representing a horizontal direction of the receiving antenna; κ represents the cross-polarization ratio; Φ represents a random phase;
Figure BDA0003248540980000035
representing the coordinates of the receiving terminal in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure BDA0003248540980000036
representing the coordinates of the transmitting base station in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure BDA0003248540980000037
a coordinate vector representing the u-th receiving antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000038
a coordinate vector representing the s-th transmit antenna; d3DIndicating a straight-line distance between the terminal and the base station; lambda [ alpha ]0Represents a wavelength;
Figure BDA0003248540980000039
a velocity vector representing the terminal;
s3: and reconstructing the space profile of the target channel by optimizing the power weight of the probe by utilizing a pre-fading synthesis technology.
Further, the pre-fading synthesis technique used in step S3 is specifically as follows:
by using the pre-fading synthesis technology, assuming that the DUT has M antenna elements, and the DUT is the device under test, the spatial correlation of the target channel can be expressed as:
Figure BDA00032485409800000310
wherein P (omega) is the Power Angle Spectrum (PAS) of the target channel,
Figure BDA00032485409800000311
representing the DUT steering vector at a spatial angle Ω, the steering vector for the mth antenna element can be expressed as:
Figure BDA00032485409800000312
Figure BDA00032485409800000313
γm＝[xm,ym,zm] (7)
psi (theta, phi) represents a wave vector with an azimuth angle phi and a pitch angle theta in a standard spherical coordinate system; λ represents a wavelength; gamma raymRepresenting the three-dimensional coordinates of the mth antenna array of the DUT in the OTA system;
considering beamforming of a base station, by applying a weight vector W (Ω) ═ aH(Ω), PAS of the target channel estimated by bartlett beam-forming may be expressed as:
B(Ω)＝aH(Ω)R(Ω)a(Ω) (8)
in the MPAC test system, the MPAC is a multi-probe darkroom, and the spatial correlation synthesized by using K probes can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000041
wherein d isp1,kAnd L (d)p1,k) Respectively representing the kth probe to the antenna element qp1Distance and path loss; applying a weight vector W (Ω) ═ aH(Ω), PAS in the MAPC system estimated by bartlett beam-forming can be expressed as:
B'(Ω)＝a'H(Ω)R'(Ω)a'(Ω) (10)
a' (Ω) represents the angle Ω from space in the MPAC systemkThe transmission factor to the DUT, the transmission factor for the mth antenna element can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000042
wherein d isk,mRepresents the distance from the kth OTA probe to the mth antenna of the DUT; l (d)k,m) The path loss normalized by the test radius L of the OTA system is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000043
in MAPC systems, the goal is to select a subset of K active probes and optimize the power weights of the K OTA probes so that the analog channel is as close as possible to the target channel:
R≈R′
B(Ω)≈B′(Ω) (13)
with the PSP as a measurement mode, the calculation mode is as follows:
PSP＝(1-Dp)×100％ (14)
wherein D ispRepresents the beam power map distortion factor, also called total offset distance:
Figure BDA0003248540980000044
PSP ∈ [0, 1], 0 representing an exact difference, and 1 representing an exact same.
Further, the spatial profile of the target channel reconstructed by optimizing the power weight of the probe in step S3 is specifically as follows:
and (3) selecting K OTA probes from the alternative probe wall by adopting a convex optimization method or a particle swarm optimization method for the formula (13), calculating the optimal power weight of the K OTA probes, and then substituting the power weight of the probes into the formula (4) and the formula (5) to perform channel modeling.
Further, the convex optimization method uses the following formula:
Figure BDA0003248540980000051
s.t.||w||1＝1,wi＞0 (16)
and sequentially removing the probe with the minimum probe weight from the calculated probe power weights each time until K probes remain.
Further, the particle swarm optimization algorithm finds the optimal solution through cooperation and information sharing among individuals in a swarm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
one innovation point of the invention is that aiming at the base station test, in the Sub6G frequency band, through conduction connection, a fading channel model experienced by the terminal under a moving or static track can be simulated, however, in the millimeter wave frequency band, on one hand, the number of the arrays of the base station is greatly increased, and on the other hand, the base station can not provide a port for the conduction test any more due to the characteristics of the millimeter wave frequency band. Therefore, a multi-probe full-electric-wave microwave anechoic chamber is the most suitable test scheme at present, and the invention provides a channel modeling method based on static test of an MIMO-OTA base station; a subset is selected from the available probe positions on the probe wall, and the spatial profile of the target channel can be reconstructed by optimizing the power weight of the probe by using a pre-fading synthesis technology.
The invention has the innovation point that the convex optimization algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm can well realize the calculation of the probe position and the probe power weight.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a MIMO-OTA base station test principle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of distribution of darkroom probes with a radius of 4 meters and 8 × 8 base stations to be measured according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of calculating a probe position and a probe power weight by the convex optimization method according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a convex optimization method for calculating a probe position in a CDL-B model of a 3GPP-38901 protocol according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of calculating a probe position and a probe power weight by the particle swarm method according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a particle swarm method for calculating a probe position in a CDL-B model of a 3GPP-38901 protocol according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6 of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
the conventional channel modeling adopts a channel modeling method in the 3GPP-38901 protocol. Aiming at the base station test, in the Sub6G frequency band, through the conduction connection, the scheme can simulate the fading channel model experienced by the terminal under the moving or static track, however, in the millimeter wave frequency band, on one hand, the number of the arrays of the base station is greatly increased, and on the other hand, the base station can not provide the port of the conduction test any more due to the characteristics of the millimeter wave frequency band.
Therefore, a multi-probe full-electric-wave microwave anechoic chamber is the most suitable testing scheme at present, and the invention provides a channel modeling method based on static testing of an MIMO-OTA base station.
According to the 3GPP-38901 protocol, a conventional geometry-based modeling formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003248540980000061
wherein
Figure BDA0003248540980000062
The non-straight-line-of-sight path is represented,
Figure BDA0003248540980000063
denotes the direct diameter, KRThe Rice K factor represents the specific gravity of the LOS path in all paths, τ1Representing the relative time delay of the direct viewing path. Each non-direct-view path is formed by superposing 20 sub-paths.
Figure BDA0003248540980000064
And
Figure BDA0003248540980000065
the modeling method of (1) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003248540980000066
Figure BDA0003248540980000067
wherein:
ZOA represents the angle of pitch;
AOA represents the azimuth of arrival;
ZOD denotes the angle of departure pitch;
AOD represents the departure azimuth;
u denotes an antenna index of a reception antenna;
s denotes an antenna index of the transmitting antenna;
n represents a cluster index;
m represents a sub-diameter index;
Pnrepresents a normalized cluster power;
m represents the number of the sub-diameters;
θ represents a pitch angle;
Figure BDA0003248540980000071
representing an azimuth;
Ftx,s,θa directional pattern indicating a vertical direction of the transmitting antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000072
a directional pattern indicating a horizontal direction of the transmitting antenna;
Frx,u,θa directional pattern representing a vertical direction of the receiving antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000073
a directional pattern representing a horizontal direction of the receiving antenna;
κ represents the cross-polarization ratio;
Φ represents a random phase;
Figure BDA0003248540980000074
representing the coordinates of the receiving terminal in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure BDA0003248540980000075
representing the coordinates of the transmitting base station in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure BDA0003248540980000076
a coordinate vector representing the u-th receiving antenna;
Figure BDA0003248540980000077
a coordinate vector representing the s-th transmit antenna;
d3Dindicating a straight-line distance between the terminal and the base station;
λ0represents a wavelength;
Figure BDA0003248540980000078
a velocity vector representing the terminal;
the testing principle block diagram of the multi-probe full-wave microwave darkroom is shown in fig. 1, the invention mainly introduces the testing method of the base station, and the terminal darkroom in fig. 1 can be replaced by conduction testing.
The layout in the base station dark room is shown in fig. 2, where the probe has a horizontal range of-90 ° 90 °, and a vertical range of-30 ° 30 °.
The method of the invention is to select a subset from the probe positions which can be used on the probe wall, and reconstruct the space profile of the target channel by optimizing the power weight of the probe by using the pre-fading synthesis technology. Assuming that a total of K probes are used, under MIMO-OTA testing, equations (2) and (3) can be re-expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000081
Figure BDA0003248540980000082
wherein, wk,nRepresenting the power weight of the nth cluster mapped to the kth probe.
With the pre-fading synthesis technique, assuming that the DUT (device under test) has M antenna elements, the spatial correlation of the target channel can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000083
wherein P (omega) is the Power Angle Spectrum (PAS) of the target channel,
Figure BDA0003248540980000084
representing the DUT steering vector at a spatial angle Ω, the steering vector for the mth antenna element can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000085
Figure BDA0003248540980000086
γm＝[xm,ym,zm] (7)
psi (theta, phi) represents a wave vector with an azimuth angle phi and a pitch angle theta in a standard spherical coordinate system; λ represents a wavelength; gamma raymThree-dimensional coordinates representing the mth antenna element of the DUT in the OTA system.
Considering beamforming of a base station, by applying a weight vector W (Ω) ═ aH(Ω), PAS of the target channel estimated by Bartlett (Bartlett) beamforming may be expressed as:
B(Ω)＝aH(Ω)R(Ω)a(Ω) (8)
in a multi-probe darkroom (MPAC) test system, the spatial correlation synthesized using K probes can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000091
wherein d isp1,kAnd L (d)p1,k) Respectively representing the kth probe to the antenna element qp1Distance and path loss. Applying a weight vector W (Ω) ═ aH(Ω), PAS in the MAPC system estimated by Bartlett (Bartlett) beamforming can be expressed as:
B'(Ω)＝a'H(Ω)R'(Ω)a'(Ω) (10)
a' (Ω) represents the angle Ω from space in a multi-probe microwave anechoic chamber (MPAC) systemkThe transmission factor to the DUT, the transmission factor of the mth antenna element can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000092
wherein d isk,mRepresents the distance from the kth OTA probe to the mth antenna of the DUT; l (d)k,m) The path loss normalized by the test radius L of the OTA system is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003248540980000093
in MAPC systems, the goal is to select a subset of K active probes and optimize the power weights of the K OTA probes so that the analog channel is as close as possible to the target channel:
R≈R′
B(Ω)≈B′(Ω) (13)
if the PSP (PAS similarity percentage) is taken as a measure, the calculation mode is as follows:
PSP＝(1-Dp)×100％ (14)
wherein D ispRepresents the distortion factor (pattern distortion factor), also called total offset distance:
Figure BDA0003248540980000094
PSP ∈ [0, 1], 0 representing an exact difference, and 1 representing an exact same.
For formula (13), a convex optimization method or a particle swarm method can be used to select K OTA probes from the candidate probe wall and calculate the optimal power weights of the OTA probes, and then the power weights of the OTA probes are substituted into formula (4) and formula (5) to perform channel modeling. The convex optimization method uses the following formula:
Figure BDA0003248540980000095
s.t.||w||1＝1,wi＞0 (16)
and sequentially removing the probe with the minimum probe weight from the calculated probe power weights each time until the K probes remain, wherein the power weight calculation flow is shown in fig. 3.
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is derived from behavior research on bird swarm predation, is an evolutionary computing technology, and the basic idea is to find the optimal solution through cooperation and information sharing among individuals in a swarm. The flow chart is shown in fig. 5.
To compare the impact of two different optimization algorithms on the probe weight calculation, using the above two optimization algorithms to calculate the probe position and probe power weights and calculate the PSP at probe intervals of 5 ° (481 alternative probes) and 10 ° (133 alternative probes), respectively, as exemplified by CDL-B and CDL-E in the 3GPP-38901 protocol, as shown in the following table:
TABLE 13.5 GHz, 8 PSP of Probe under different channel models
Figure BDA0003248540980000101
PSP (particle swarm optimization) of table 228 GHz and 8 probe under different channel models
Figure BDA0003248540980000102
As can be seen from the table above, both the convex optimization algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm can well realize the calculation of the probe position and the probe power weight.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A channel modeling method based on static test of an MIMO-OTA base station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: in a multi-probe full-electric-wave microwave anechoic chamber, a subset is preferably selected from available probe positions on a probe wall;
s2: assuming that a total of K probes are used, under MIMO-OTA testing,
Figure FDA0003248540970000011
and
Figure FDA0003248540970000012
the modeling method of (1) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003248540970000013
Figure FDA0003248540970000014
wherein, wk,nRepresents the power weight of the nth cluster mapped to the kth probe; ZOA represents the angle of pitch; AOA represents the azimuth of arrival; ZOD denotes the angle of departure pitch; AOD represents the departure azimuth; u denotes an antenna index of a reception antenna; s denotes an antenna index of the transmitting antenna; n represents a cluster index; m represents a sub-diameter index; pnRepresents a normalized cluster power; m represents the number of the sub-diameters; θ represents a pitch angle;
Figure FDA0003248540970000015
representing an azimuth; ftx,s,θA directional pattern indicating a vertical direction of the transmitting antenna;
Figure FDA0003248540970000016
a directional pattern indicating a horizontal direction of the transmitting antenna; frx,u,θA directional pattern representing a vertical direction of the receiving antenna;
Figure FDA0003248540970000017
a directional pattern representing a horizontal direction of the receiving antenna; κ represents the cross-polarization ratio; Φ represents a random phase;
Figure FDA0003248540970000018
representing the coordinates of the receiving terminal in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure FDA0003248540970000019
representing the coordinates of the transmitting base station in a spherical coordinate system;
Figure FDA00032485409700000110
a coordinate vector representing the u-th receiving antenna;
Figure FDA00032485409700000111
a coordinate vector representing the s-th transmit antenna; d3DIndicating a straight-line distance between the terminal and the base station; lambda [ alpha ]0Represents a wavelength;
Figure FDA00032485409700000112
a velocity vector representing the terminal;
s3: and reconstructing the space profile of the target channel by optimizing the power weight of the probe by utilizing a pre-fading synthesis technology.
2. The method for modeling a channel based on the MIMO-OTA base station static test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-fading synthesis technique used in step S3 is specifically as follows:
by using the pre-fading synthesis technology, assuming that the DUT has M antenna elements, and the DUT is the device under test, the spatial correlation of the target channel can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0003248540970000021
wherein P (omega) is the Power Angle Spectrum (PAS) of the target channel,
Figure FDA0003248540970000022
denotes the DUT steering vector with the spatial angle of omega, the steering vector of the m-th antenna elementThe amount can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0003248540970000023
Figure FDA0003248540970000024
γm＝[xm，ym，zm] (7)
psi (theta, phi) represents a wave vector with an azimuth angle phi and a pitch angle theta in a standard spherical coordinate system; λ represents a wavelength; gamma raymRepresenting the three-dimensional coordinates of the mth antenna array of the DUT in the OTA system;
considering beamforming of a base station, by applying a weight vector W (Ω) ═ aH(Ω), PAS of the target channel estimated by bartlett beam-forming may be expressed as:
B(Ω)＝aH(Ω)R(Ω)a(Ω) (8)
in the MPAC test system, the MPAC is a multi-probe darkroom, and the spatial correlation synthesized by using K probes can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0003248540970000025
wherein d isp1，kAnd L (d)p1，k) Respectively representing the kth probe to the antenna element qp1Distance and path loss; applying a weight vector W (Ω) ═ aH(Ω), PAS in the MAPC system estimated by bartlett beam-forming can be expressed as:
B′(Ω)＝a′H(Ω)R′(Ω)a′(Ω) (10)
a' (Ω) represents the angle Ω from space in the MPAC systemkThe transmission factor to the DUT, the transmission factor for the mth antenna element can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0003248540970000026
wherein d isk，mRepresents the distance from the kth OTA probe to the mth antenna of the DUT; l (d)k，m) The path loss normalized by the test radius L of the OTA system is expressed as:
Figure FDA0003248540970000027
in MAPC systems, the goal is to select a subset of K active probes and optimize the power weights of the K OTA probes so that the analog channel is as close as possible to the target channel:
R≈R′
B(Ω)≈B′(Ω) (13)
with the PSP as a measurement mode, the calculation mode is as follows:
PSP＝(1-Dp)×100％ (14)
wherein D ispRepresents the beam power map distortion factor, also called total offset distance:
Figure FDA0003248540970000031
PSP [0, 1], 0 represents completely different, and 1 represents completely the same.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S3 of reconstructing the spatial profile of the target channel by optimizing the power weight of the probe comprises:
and (3) selecting K OTA probes from the alternative probe wall by adopting a convex optimization method or a particle swarm optimization method for the formula (13), calculating the optimal power weight of the K OTA probes, and then substituting the power weight of the probes into the formula (4) and the formula (5) to perform channel modeling.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the convex optimization method uses the following formula:
Figure FDA0003248540970000032
s.t.||w||1＝1，wi＞0 (16)
and sequentially removing the probe with the minimum probe weight from the calculated probe power weights each time until K probes remain.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the PSO algorithm is used to find the optimal solution through cooperative information sharing among individuals in a group.
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