CN113708352A - Relay protection method and device - Google Patents
Relay protection method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113708352A CN113708352A CN202110966585.2A CN202110966585A CN113708352A CN 113708352 A CN113708352 A CN 113708352A CN 202110966585 A CN202110966585 A CN 202110966585A CN 113708352 A CN113708352 A CN 113708352A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a relay protection method and a device, wherein the relay protection method comprises the following steps: acquiring the maximum load current of a line, the voltage and the current of a preset protection section in the line before the fault occurs, and the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection section after the fault occurs; determining tripping action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section breaks down, and fault voltage and fault current, and determining overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current; and controlling the state of a relay in the circuit according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current. The relay protection method and the relay protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the reliability of relay protection.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to a relay protection technology, in particular to a relay protection method and a relay protection device.
Background
In the power system, because the power grid operation mode is complex and in a frequently changing state, in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the power system operation, the maintenance in daily use needs to be enhanced. The application of the relay protection device can avoid the risk caused by the failure of the power system and maintain the safety of the power equipment. As the requirements of power systems for fault rejection and isolation are higher and higher, the performance requirements of relay protection devices are also higher and higher.
At present, the existing relay protection method generally performs off-line calculation on a setting value of relay protection, and performs relay protection on a power system through a relay protection device according to the calculated setting value, wherein the setting value is rarely changed in the operation process of the power system; moreover, when the setting value does not meet the actual relay protection requirement, the setting value is usually modified many times by manpower, which affects the reliability of relay protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a relay protection method and a relay protection device, which are used for improving the reliability of relay protection.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a relay protection method, including:
acquiring the maximum load current of a line, the voltage and the current of a preset protection section in the line before the fault occurs, and the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection section after the fault occurs;
determining tripping action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section breaks down, and fault voltage and fault current, and determining overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current;
and controlling the state of a relay in the circuit according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current.
Optionally, the determining the trip action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section fails, the fault voltage and the fault current includes:
determining a comprehensive impedance Zs according to the voltage and current before the fault occurs in the preset protection road section, and the fault voltage and the fault current;
determining a potential Es according to the comprehensive impedance, the fault voltage and the fault current;
and determining the tripping action current Iop according to the comprehensive impedance and the potential.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the protection method comprises the following steps that Umg (1) is a fault voltage component, Umg (1) is Uf (1) -Um, Img (1) is a fault current component, Img (1) is If (1) -Im, Uf (1) is a positive sequence component of fault voltage, If (1) is a positive sequence component of fault current, and Um and Im are voltage and current before a preset protection section fails respectively; es ═ Uf + Zs × If; wherein, Uf is fault voltage, If is fault current.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
wherein, Krel is the first reliable coefficient, Kd is the fault coefficient, and ZL is the line impedance.
Optionally, the state of the relay in the circuit is controlled according to the fault current, the trip action current and the overcurrent protection current, including:
when the fault current is greater than or equal to the tripping action current, controlling the relay to carry out quick-break protection tripping;
and when the fault current is smaller than the tripping action current, if the fault current is larger than or equal to the overcurrent protection current, controlling the relay to perform overcurrent protection tripping.
Optionally, obtaining the voltage and the current before the preset protection road section in the line fails, and obtaining the fault voltage and the fault current after the preset protection road section fails, includes:
acquiring voltage and current before a preset protection road section in a line breaks down;
and when the preset protection road section is determined to have a fault, acquiring the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection road section.
Optionally, the determining the trip action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section fails, the fault voltage and the fault current includes:
and if the voltage transformer in the circuit is disconnected, the pre-stored tripping action current at the last set time is taken as the current tripping action current.
Optionally, the overcurrent protection current is Iop',
where Ihmax is the maximum load current, Kk is the second reliability coefficient, Kzg is the self-starting coefficient, and Kh is the return coefficient.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a relay protection device, including:
the voltage and current acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum load current of the line, the voltage and the current before the fault occurs on the preset protection section in the line, and the fault voltage and the fault current after the fault occurs on the preset protection section;
the action current determining module is used for determining tripping action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section breaks down, the fault voltage and the fault current, and determining overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current;
and the state control module is used for controlling the state of the relay in the circuit according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current.
Optionally, the action current determining module includes:
the impedance determination unit is used for determining a comprehensive impedance Zs according to the voltage and current before the fault occurs in the preset protection road section, the fault voltage and the fault current;
the potential determining unit is used for determining potential Es according to the comprehensive impedance, the fault voltage and the fault current;
and the action current determining unit is used for determining the tripping action current Iop according to the comprehensive impedance and the potential.
According to the relay protection method and the relay protection device, the maximum load current of a line, the voltage and the current before the fault occurs on the preset protection section in the line, and the fault voltage and the fault current after the fault occurs on the preset protection section are obtained; determining tripping action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section breaks down, and fault voltage and fault current, and determining overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current; thus, the state of the relay in the circuit is controlled according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current. According to the relay protection method and the relay protection device, the state of the relay in the circuit is controlled according to the fault current, the trip action current and the overcurrent protection current, the relay can be controlled to carry out quick-break protection trip or overcurrent protection trip, and the fault path is cut off, so that the relay protection purpose is realized, manual assistance is not needed, the problem of poor reliability caused by manual work can be solved, and the reliability of the relay protection is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a relay protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a relay protection method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of another relay protection method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a relay protection device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a relay protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the present embodiment is applicable to aspects such as relay protection of a power system, and the method may be executed by a relay protection device, where the relay protection device may be implemented by software and/or hardware, and the relay protection device may be integrated in an electronic device with a relay protection function, such as a computer, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
and step 110, acquiring the maximum load current of the line, the voltage and the current before the fault occurs on the preset protection road section in the line, and the fault voltage and the fault current after the fault occurs on the preset protection road section.
The maximum load current of the circuit can be stored in the relay protection device in advance, the voltage and the current before and after the preset protection section in the circuit breaks down can be collected by the voltage sensor and the current sensor respectively, and the relay protection device can be electrically connected with the voltage sensor and the current sensor so as to obtain the voltage and the current before and after the preset protection section in the circuit breaks down.
And step 120, determining a tripping action current according to the voltage and current before the fault occurs on the preset protection road section, the fault voltage and the fault current, and determining an overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current.
The tripping action current is related to both the voltage and the current before and after the fault of the preset protection road section, the overcurrent protection current is positively related to the maximum load current, correspondingly, the overcurrent protection current is unrelated to the voltage and the current before and after the fault of the preset protection road section, and the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current influence the action of a relay in a circuit.
And step 130, controlling the state of a relay in the circuit according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current.
Illustratively, when the fault current is larger than or equal to the tripping action current, the relay is controlled to carry out quick-break protection tripping, and when the fault current is smaller than the tripping action current, if the fault current is larger than or equal to the overcurrent protection current, the relay is controlled to carry out overcurrent protection tripping. The execution time of the quick-break protection is prior to the execution time of the overcurrent protection, and through the cooperation of the quick-break protection and the overcurrent protection, when a preset protection road section of a circuit breaks down, the relay is controlled to carry out quick-break protection tripping or overcurrent protection tripping, and a fault path is cut off, so that the aim of relay protection is fulfilled.
According to the relay protection method provided by the embodiment, the maximum load current of a line, the voltage and the current before the fault occurs on the preset protection section in the line, and the fault voltage and the fault current after the fault occurs on the preset protection section are obtained; determining tripping action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section breaks down, and fault voltage and fault current, and determining overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current; thus, the state of the relay in the circuit is controlled according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current. According to the relay protection method provided by the embodiment, the state of the relay in the circuit is controlled according to the fault current, the trip action current and the overcurrent protection current, the relay can be controlled to carry out quick-break protection trip or overcurrent protection trip, and the fault path is cut off, so that the purpose of relay protection is achieved, manual assistance is not needed, the problem of poor reliability caused by manual work can be solved, and the reliability of relay protection is improved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a relay protection method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the present embodiment is applicable to aspects such as relay protection of a power system, and the method may be executed by a relay protection device, where the relay protection device may be implemented by software and/or hardware, and the relay protection device may be integrated into an electronic device with a relay protection function, such as a computer, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
and step 210, acquiring the maximum load current of the line, and the voltage and the current of a preset protection section in the line before the fault occurs.
The maximum load current of the line can be stored in the relay protection device in advance, the voltage and the current of a preset protection section in the line can be collected by the voltage sensor and the current sensor respectively, and the relay protection device can be electrically connected with the voltage sensor and the current sensor so as to obtain the voltage and the current of the preset protection section in the line before the fault occurs.
And step 220, acquiring the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection road section when the preset protection road section is determined to have a fault.
Specifically, a common fault determination method may be adopted to determine whether the preset protection road section has a fault, for example, when the voltage and/or the current of the preset protection road section suddenly change and the corresponding value exceeds a preset threshold, it may be determined that the preset protection road section has a fault.
And step 230, determining the comprehensive impedance Zs according to the voltage and current before the fault occurs on the preset protection road section, and the fault voltage and the fault current.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
umg (1) is a fault voltage component, Umg (1) ═ Uf (1) -Um, Img (1) is a fault current component, Img (1) ═ If (1) -Im, Uf (1) is a positive sequence component of the fault voltage, If (1) is a positive sequence component of the fault current, and Um and Im are respectively the voltage and the current before the fault occurs in the preset protection section.
And step 240, determining the potential Es according to the comprehensive impedance, the fault voltage and the fault current.
Where Es is Uf + Zs × If, Uf is the fault voltage, and If is the fault current.
And step 250, determining the tripping action current Iop according to the comprehensive impedance and the potential.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
krel is the first reliable coefficient, Kd is the fault coefficient, Zl is the line impedance, and the specific numerical values of the coefficients in the formula can be specifically set according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. Specifically, the fault coefficient Kd can be adaptively determined by a fault type identification algorithm. If the BC phase of the line-connected transformer is short-circuited, there are
m is a coefficient, usually 4 to 8,
is the phase current abrupt change.
In addition, when it is determined that the voltage transformer in the line is disconnected, the previously stored trip operation current at the last set timing may be used as the current trip operation current.
And step 260, when the fault current is greater than or equal to the tripping action current, controlling the relay to perform quick-break protection tripping.
Specifically, since the overcurrent protection is performed after the quick-break protection is delayed for a certain period, the fault current is compared with the trip action current, so that when the quick-break protection condition is met, that is, the fault current is greater than or equal to the trip action current, the relay is controlled to perform quick-break protection trip in time, and the fault path is cut off quickly.
And 270, when the fault current is smaller than the tripping action current, if the fault current is larger than or equal to the overcurrent protection current, controlling the relay to perform overcurrent protection tripping.
Wherein, the overcurrent protection current is Iop',
ihmax is the maximum load current, Kk is the second reliability factor, typically taken as 1.2, Kzg is the self-starting factor, Kzg>And 1, Kh is a return coefficient, Kh is more than or equal to 0.5, and the specific values of the coefficients can be determined according to the actual situation and are not limited herein.
Specifically, the tripping action current Iop and the overcurrent protection current are Iop ', and can be set in real time, in the process that the relay protection device controls the relay, the Iop and the Iop ' can be set in real time according to the calculation formula of the tripping action current Iop and the overcurrent protection current Iop ', updated setting values are obtained, manual modification of the setting values for multiple times is not needed, and therefore working efficiency can be improved.
In an implementation manner, fig. 3 is a flowchart of another relay protection method provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, where the relay protection method specifically includes the following steps:
step one, assigning values to a first reliability coefficient Krel and a line impedance Zl.
And step two, acquiring the voltage and the current of a preset protection road section in the line before the fault occurs.
Judging whether the preset protection road section has a fault or not; if yes, executing the step four; if not, the step is continued.
And step four, acquiring fault voltage and fault current Ik after a fault occurs on a preset protection road section in the line.
Judging whether the fault occurs on a rear-section line of the transformer; if yes, executing step six; if not, step seven is executed.
And step six, controlling the relay to exit the quick-break protection.
Specifically, after the sixth step is executed, the eleventh step is directly executed.
Step seven, judging whether a voltage transformer in the line is broken; if yes, executing step eight; if not, go to step nine.
And step eight, taking the pre-stored trip action current of the last set time as the current trip action current.
Specifically, after step eight is executed, step eleven is directly executed.
And step nine, determining the comprehensive impedance Zs and the potential Es according to the first reliability coefficient Krel, the line impedance Zl, the voltage and the current before the fault occurs in the preset protection road section and the fault voltage and the fault current after the fault occurs.
Step ten, determining the tripping action current Iop according to the comprehensive impedance Zs and the potential Es.
Step eleven, determining the overcurrent protection current Iop' according to the maximum load current of the line.
Specifically, the specific determination process of the combined impedance Zs and the potential Es, the trip action current Iop and the overcurrent protection current Iop' may refer to the above steps 210 to 270, and will not be described herein again.
Step twelve, judging whether Ik is larger than or equal to Iop; if yes, executing step thirteen; if not, go to step fourteen.
And step thirteen, controlling the relay to carry out quick-break protection tripping.
Step fourteen, judging whether Ik is larger than or equal to Iop'; if yes, go to step fifteen; if not, the process is ended.
And step fifteen, controlling the relay to perform overcurrent protection tripping.
According to the relay protection method provided by the embodiment, when the fault current is greater than or equal to the tripping action current, the relay is controlled to perform quick-break protection tripping, and when the fault current is less than the tripping action current, if the fault current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection current, the relay is controlled to perform overcurrent protection tripping, and a fault path is cut off, so that the purpose of relay protection is achieved, manual assistance is not needed, the problem of poor reliability caused by manual work can be solved, and the reliability of relay protection is improved.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a relay protection device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where the relay protection device includes a voltage and current obtaining module 310, an action current determining module 320, and a state control module 330; the voltage and current obtaining module 310 is configured to obtain a maximum load current of a line, a voltage and a current before a fault occurs on a preset protection road section in the line, and a fault voltage and a fault current after the fault occurs on the preset protection road section; the action current determining module 320 is configured to determine a trip action current according to a voltage and a current before a fault occurs in a preset protection road section, a fault voltage and a fault current, and determine an overcurrent protection current according to a maximum load current; the state control module 330 is used to control the state of the relays in the circuit according to the fault current, the trip action current and the over-current protection current.
Optionally, the action current determining module 320 includes: an impedance determination unit, a potential determination unit, and a first action current determination unit; the impedance determination unit is used for determining a comprehensive impedance Zs according to the voltage and current before the fault occurs in the preset protection road section, the fault voltage and the fault current; the potential determining unit is used for determining potential Es according to the comprehensive impedance, the fault voltage and the fault current; the first action current determining unit is used for determining a tripping action current Iop according to the comprehensive impedance and the potential.
In one embodiment, the state control module 330 includes a first control unit and a second control unit; the first control unit is used for controlling the relay to carry out quick-break protection tripping when the fault current is greater than or equal to the tripping action current; and the second control unit is used for controlling the relay to carry out overcurrent protection tripping if the fault current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection current when the fault current is less than the tripping action current.
Preferably, the voltage and current obtaining module 310 includes a first obtaining unit and a second obtaining unit; the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring voltage and current before a preset protection road section in a line breaks down; the second obtaining unit is used for obtaining the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection road section when the preset protection road section is determined to have a fault.
Preferably, the action current determining module 320 includes a second action current determining unit, and the second action current determining unit is configured to use a previously stored trip action current at the last set time as the current trip action current if a voltage transformer in the line is disconnected.
The relay protection device provided by the embodiment and the relay protection method provided by any embodiment of the invention belong to the same inventive concept, have corresponding beneficial effects, and detailed technical details in the embodiment are not shown in the relay protection method provided by any embodiment of the invention.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A relay protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the maximum load current of a line, the voltage and the current of a preset protection section in the line before the fault occurs, and the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection section after the fault occurs;
determining a tripping action current according to the voltage and the current before the preset protection road section breaks down, the fault voltage and the fault current, and determining an overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current;
and controlling the state of a relay in the circuit according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current.
2. The relay protection method according to claim 1, wherein the determining a trip action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection section fails, the fault voltage and the fault current comprises:
determining a comprehensive impedance Zs according to the voltage and current before the preset protection road section breaks down, the fault voltage and the fault current;
determining a potential Es according to the comprehensive impedance, the fault voltage and the fault current;
and determining the tripping action current Iop according to the comprehensive impedance and the potential.
3. The relay protection method according to claim 2,
the protection method comprises the following steps that Umg (1) is a fault voltage component, Umg (1) ═ Uf (1) -Um, Img (1) is a fault current component, Img (1) ═ If (1) -Im, Uf (1) is a positive sequence component of the fault voltage, If (1) is a positive sequence component of the fault current, and Um and Im are voltage and current before the preset protection section breaks down respectively; es ═ Uf + Zs × If; wherein Uf is the fault voltage and If is the fault current.
4. The relay protection method according to claim 2,
wherein, Krel is the first reliable coefficient, Kd is the fault coefficient, and ZL is the line impedance.
5. The relay protection method according to claim 1, wherein said controlling the state of the relay in the line according to the fault current, the trip action current and the overcurrent protection current comprises:
when the fault current is greater than or equal to the tripping action current, controlling the relay to perform quick-break protection tripping;
and when the fault current is smaller than the tripping action current, if the fault current is larger than or equal to the overcurrent protection current, controlling the relay to perform overcurrent protection tripping.
6. The relay protection method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the voltage and the current before the fault occurs in the preset protection section in the line and the fault voltage and the fault current after the fault occurs in the preset protection section comprises:
acquiring voltage and current before a preset protection road section in a line breaks down;
and when the preset protection road section is determined to have a fault, acquiring the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection road section.
7. The relay protection method according to claim 1, wherein the determining a trip action current according to the voltage and current before the preset protection section fails, the fault voltage and the fault current comprises:
and if the voltage transformer in the circuit is disconnected, the pre-stored tripping action current at the last set time is taken as the current tripping action current.
8. The relay protection method according to claim 1, wherein the over-current protection current is Iop',
where Ihmax is the maximum load current, Kk is a second reliability coefficient, Kzg is a self-starting coefficient, and Kh is a return coefficient.
9. A relay protection device, comprising:
the voltage and current acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum load current of a line, the voltage and the current of a preset protection section in the line before the fault occurs, and the fault voltage and the fault current of the preset protection section after the fault occurs;
the action current determining module is used for determining a tripping action current according to the voltage and the current before the preset protection road section breaks down, the fault voltage and the fault current, and determining an overcurrent protection current according to the maximum load current;
and the state control module is used for controlling the state of a relay in the circuit according to the fault current, the tripping action current and the overcurrent protection current.
10. The relay protection device according to claim 9, wherein the operating current determining module includes:
the impedance determination unit is used for determining a comprehensive impedance Zs according to the voltage and the current before the preset protection road section breaks down, the fault voltage and the fault current;
a potential determining unit for determining a potential Es according to the synthetic impedance, the fault voltage and the fault current;
and the action current determining unit is used for determining the tripping action current Iop according to the comprehensive impedance and the potential.
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| 林皓: "高压供电系统自适应保护的研究", 《华中电力》, vol. 24, no. 3, 30 June 2011 (2011-06-30), pages 17 - 19 * |
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