CN113708336A - Overvoltage protection device - Google Patents
Overvoltage protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113708336A CN113708336A CN202010434482.7A CN202010434482A CN113708336A CN 113708336 A CN113708336 A CN 113708336A CN 202010434482 A CN202010434482 A CN 202010434482A CN 113708336 A CN113708336 A CN 113708336A
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- overvoltage protection
- protection module
- overvoltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
- H02H3/042—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned combined with means for locating the fault
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
- H02H3/044—Checking correct functioning of protective arrangements, e.g. by simulating a fault
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
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Abstract
The invention relates to an overvoltage protection device (100). The overvoltage protection device (100) has a series circuit comprising an overvoltage protection component (112) and a protection switch (122) connected in series with the overvoltage protection component (112). The overvoltage protection device (100) further comprises a monitoring unit (150) which is designed to detect at least one state variable of the series circuit, to determine whether a fault state exists in the series circuit on the basis of the at least one state variable, and to activate the protective switch (122) to switch from the closed state to the open state when the fault state exists.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an overvoltage protection device, for example for lightning strike protection.
Background
Overvoltage Protection devices are known from the prior art, which comprise an overvoltage Protection module, for example an overvoltage arrester (also referred to in the art as "overvoltage Protection Device" or SPD), which has an integrated thermally triggered disconnection Device (simply referred to as thermal disconnection Device).
Under certain network conditions, there is an area of no protection, the so-called "Blind-Zone", outside the response of the thermal cut-off and the response of the pre-fuse before connection or specified. This means that, for example, at a certain combination of current intensity and duration, the turn-off capability of the thermal cut-off device may not be sufficient to reliably interrupt an occurring fault current (e.g. free-wheeling of the irreversibly conductive SPD). The fault current may also be too low to trigger a fuse connected in front fast enough or not at all.
In order to avoid this, an additional switch can be used as a disconnector, which is characterized by a relatively low triggering current and a high breaking capacity in comparison with a thermal disconnection device integrated in the overvoltage protection module. In addition, the additional switch may be designed to be able to carry high pulse currents (e.g. lightning currents) without being triggered by these pulse currents themselves. The additional switch may be, for example, a so-called "SPD-Specific disconnect, SPD-Specific backup protection device" (SSD) and/or a "Special Circuit Breaker, SCB". These additional switches are usually designed such that they are triggered in the event of a fault current of more than 3A. It can be used in general in power networks where short-circuit currents of 25kA or 35kA to 100kA are expected to protect overvoltage protection modules.
The leakage current flowing through the additional switch multiple times may cause degradation and failure of the additional switch and/or the overvoltage protection components of the overvoltage protection module. This may result in that a reliable overload fault behavior, for example a reliable disconnection of an occurring fault current, of the series circuit comprising the additional switch and the overvoltage protection component with the integrated thermal disconnection device is no longer guaranteed.
Furthermore, the additional switch of the prior art is connected in series with the overvoltage protection component and the thermal disconnection device of the overvoltage protection module in a known manner. However, the relative arrangement of the overvoltage protection component and the additional switch and the wiring for the series circuit occupy a considerable installation space.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an overvoltage protection device which has an improved overload failure behavior compared to existing overvoltage protection devices. Alternatively or additionally, an overvoltage protection device is provided which has a more compact structure than existing overvoltage protection devices and can be installed more quickly, preferably in order to make it easier to replace aged or damaged components, overvoltage protection components, thermal disconnection devices and/or additional switches.
This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in part below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to one aspect of the present invention, an overvoltage protection device is provided. The overvoltage protection device includes a series circuit including an overvoltage protection component and a protection switch connected in series with the overvoltage protection component. The overvoltage protection device further comprises a monitoring unit which is designed to detect at least one state parameter of the series circuit, to determine whether a fault state exists in the series circuit on the basis of the at least one state parameter, and to trigger the protective switch from the closed state to the open state in the event of a fault state.
In the normal operating state of the overvoltage protection device (or of the consumer protected by the overvoltage protection device), the protection switch can be in the closed state. If there is a fault condition in the series circuit of the overvoltage protection component and/or the protection switch, the protection switch is activated via the monitoring unit from the closed state to the open state.
Embodiments of the overvoltage protection device can detect (optionally early or in advance) degradation and/or premature damage of the series circuit, in particular of the overvoltage protection component and/or the protection switch, by means of the monitoring unit, in order to be able to replace the overvoltage protection component and/or the protection switch in good time (for example, depending on a warning status display), for example.
In addition, a reliable overload fault behavior of the overvoltage protection component and of the overloaded or potentially overloaded series circuit of the protection switch can be ensured. This can be achieved by switching off the overloaded and/or previously damaged overvoltage protection device or by switching off the potentially overloaded overvoltage protection device preventively. The overvoltage protection means are switched off by electrically disconnecting the overvoltage protection component by switching off the protection switch and thereby interrupting the current flow through the series circuit of the overvoltage protection component and the protection switch. Accordingly, increased installation safety and installation availability can be achieved by using the exemplary embodiments of the present invention for overvoltage protection of technical installations, for example industrial installations.
The monitoring unit can be arranged in the overvoltage protection module or in the protection module.
The overvoltage protection device may also comprise a signal connection between the monitoring unit (for example in the overvoltage protection module) and the protection switch. The monitoring unit can be designed to trigger the protective switch to switch from the closed state to the open state by sending a signal via the signaling connection if a fault state exists. For this purpose, the protection switch may comprise an electronic signal inlet, which is designed, for example, to switch the protection switch between a closed state and an open state. The monitoring unit may comprise an electronic signal outlet designed to, for example, send or forward a signal for a transition from the closed state to the open state.
Alternatively or additionally, the monitoring unit and the protection switch may be coupled to each other by electrical, thermal, opto-electrical, mechanical and/or optical coupling. The coupling may be designed to change the protection switch from a closed state to an open state upon occurrence of a fault condition.
The overvoltage protection device may further comprise a communication interface, which is preferably formed in the monitoring unit. The communication interface can be designed to transmit, preferably wirelessly, at least one detected state parameter to a remote communication unit (e.g., an output unit and/or a control center). The at least one transmitted status parameter may preferably indicate a fault status or a warning status of no fault status yet. The transmission may include radio transmission in a wireless mobile network or data transmission in a wired network (e.g., ethernet). The status parameters of the plurality of overvoltage protection devices can be detected by the remote communication unit.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention enable external monitoring of at least one detected status parameter by transmitting the at least one detected status parameter to a remote communication unit. The remote communication unit may be a user computing unit with which a user may monitor at least one substantially current state parameter and/or a time course of the state parameter. Alternatively, the remote communication unit may be a central computing unit which forwards the at least one status parameter to the one or more user computing units and/or stores the at least one status parameter such that the at least one status parameter can be invoked by the one or more user computing units.
The communication interface may also be designed to receive control instructions from a remote communication unit. The communication interface may be designed to activate the protection switch from a closed state to an open state or from an open state to a closed state in accordance with a control command.
Thus, further embodiments enable not only external monitoring of at least one detected condition parameter, but also external control of the overvoltage protection device. If the user identifies the presence of a warning condition or a fault condition, for example, it may send a control instruction to the communication interface to activate the protection switch to change from the closed state to the open state. Alternatively or additionally, if the user realizes that there is no warning condition and/or no fault condition, the user may send a control instruction to the communication interface to actuate the protection switch from the open state to the closed state. Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, the remote communication unit can be designed to automatically analyze the at least one status parameter and to transmit corresponding control commands to the communication interface.
The series circuit, preferably the overvoltage protection module, may also have a thermal disconnection device. The disconnection device can be designed to open the series circuit, preferably the overvoltage protection module, and/or to interrupt the current through the overvoltage protection component and/or to electrically isolate the overvoltage protection component. The thermal disconnection device can preferably be designed to open the series circuit and/or the overvoltage protection module and/or to electrically (e.g. galvanically) disconnect the overvoltage protection component if the current through the overvoltage protection component exceeds the fault current limit of the thermal disconnection device. Alternatively or additionally, the thermal disconnection device can be designed to be thermally triggered or triggered thermally, preferably by the material undergoing a phase change (for example from a solid state of aggregation or glassy state to a fluid or gaseous state of aggregation) as a result of the heating of the overvoltage protection component.
The at least one status parameter and/or fault status may indicate an open state of the thermal disconnect device.
The thermal disconnection device can have an electrically conductive predetermined breaking point (for example, a soldered connection) between the overvoltage protection component and the movable, spring-biased connecting element. The predetermined breaking point can be designed as a defined narrow point of the connection cross section of the overvoltage protection component. Furthermore, the predetermined breaking point may correspond to a power loss integral value at which the predetermined breaking point opens, e.g. melts.
The overvoltage protection component can be used as a heat source for the thermal cut-off device. The overvoltage protection component and the thermal disconnection device may be in thermal contact. The thermal cut-off device can be effective as the overvoltage protection component heats up gradually, for example due to aging or a slight increase in voltage. The predetermined breaking point may melt as a result of heating, as a result of which the spring-biased connecting element is removed from the overvoltage protection component and the electrical connection of the overvoltage protection component is interrupted at the location of the predetermined breaking point.
The overvoltage Protection component may be or include an SPD (surgery Protection Device) or a portion of an SPD. Preferably, the overvoltage protection component can be or comprise a varistor, a gas-filled overvoltage arrester, a suppressor diode or a spark gap.
The protection switch may be an SSD ("SPD Specific disconnect" in english) and/or an SCB (Special Circuit Breaker "in english). The protection switch may preferably be a mechanical switch and/or a fuse switch.
For example, the protection switch may additionally comprise a triggering unit which is designed to open the protection switch if the current and/or the power through the protection switch exceeds a limit value.
The protection switch or its triggering unit can preferably be insensitive to pulsed currents. Alternatively or additionally, the monitoring unit and/or the protective switch or its triggering unit can be designed to open the protective switch when the current through the protective switch exceeds a fault current limit of the protective switch.
Preferably, the fault current limit of the protection switch may be smaller than the fault current limit of the thermal cut-off device. This means that the fault current limit of the protection switch can be selected such that the protection switch opens before the predetermined breaking point of the thermal disconnection means is interrupted (e.g. melted). In this way, the protective switch can advantageously be triggered (i.e. opened) before the thermal disconnection device electrically disconnects the overvoltage protection component.
The protection switch may interrupt the occurring fault current (e.g. free-wheeling) depending on the fault current limit of the protection switch, preferably interrupting the fault current which may occur within a possible "dead zone", i.e. above the switching capacity of the thermal cut-off device and below a previously connected or designated pre-safety protection area. This ensures a more reliable adaptation of the thermal disconnection device to the tripping behavior of the protection switch.
A fault condition may exist if at least one condition parameter exceeds or falls below a predetermined limit value. Alternatively or additionally, a fault state may exist if the course of change of the at least one state parameter differs from the expected course of change by a predetermined value. For example, the predetermined limit values and/or the predetermined values may be transmitted to the monitoring unit via the communication interface and stored by the monitoring unit.
The monitoring unit may have at least one measuring unit. The at least one state parameter may comprise at least one measured value measured by the at least one measuring unit. The at least one status parameter may further comprise a parameter determined based on at least one measured value.
The at least one condition parameter may comprise a voltage between an inlet and an outlet of the overvoltage protection component. The voltage may preferably be a voltage pulse. If the voltage is greater than a predetermined first voltage limit value, a fault condition may exist. Alternatively or additionally, the voltage may preferably be an overvoltage. A fault condition may exist when the voltage continuously exceeds a predetermined second voltage limit value, which is less than the first voltage limit value, for a predetermined period of time.
The at least one state parameter may further comprise the current intensity in the series circuit. The current intensity may preferably be a current pulse. A fault condition may exist if the current intensity exceeds a predetermined first current limit value. Alternatively or additionally, the current intensity may preferably be a leakage current. A fault condition may exist if the current intensity continuously exceeds a predetermined second current limit value, which is smaller than the first current limit value, for a predetermined period of time.
Preferably, the second current limit value of the current intensity may be smaller than the permanent current limit of the thermal cut-off device. The second current limit value may be equal to a fault current limit of the protection switch. Alternatively, the second current limit value for the preventive opening of the overvoltage protection device can be smaller than the fault current limit of the protection switch.
The at least one condition parameter may further comprise a resistance of the overvoltage protection component or a resistance between an inlet and an outlet of the overvoltage protection component. If the resistance is less than the predetermined resistance limit, a fault condition may exist.
The at least one condition parameter may further comprise a temperature. The temperature may preferably be the temperature of the overvoltage protection component. A fault condition may exist when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature limit. For example, a temperature limit value for the preventive opening of the overvoltage protection device can be selected which is lower than the temperature value which leads to the electrical isolation of the overvoltage protection component by the thermal opening device. Preferably, the at least one condition parameter may comprise an insulation (i.e. electrical isolation) condition of the overvoltage protection component.
The at least one condition parameter may also include an arc in the overvoltage protection component. For example, the overvoltage protection component can be a gas-filled overvoltage arrester. If an arc is detected by a light sensor, preferably a light sensor of the monitoring unit, a fault condition may exist. Alternatively or additionally, the monitoring unit can be designed to detect an arc by means of a light sensor (preferably of the monitoring unit and/or of the overvoltage protection module) and/or to determine the degree of loading on the overvoltage protection component as a function of the arc (for example, the detected brightness and/or the detected light spectrum). If the determined extent exceeds a predetermined limit value, a fault condition may exist. The degree may be indicative of the intensity and/or duration of the arcing and/or discharging process of the overvoltage protection component.
In one embodiment, at least one state parameter of the series circuit of the overvoltage protection component and the protection switch can thus be selected such that an overload or a potential overload of the series circuit of the overvoltage protection component and the protection switch can be reliably detected.
The overvoltage protection device may include a protection module having a protection switch disposed therein. The overvoltage protection device may further include an overvoltage protection module in which an overvoltage protection component is disposed.
In one embodiment, the overvoltage protection device may further include a carrier. The carrier may be designed to accommodate, preferably pluggably accommodate, at least two modules. The overvoltage protection module can be accommodated in the form of a plug-in connection or can be accommodated on a carrier. The protective module can be accommodated in the form of a plug-in connection or can be accommodated on a carrier.
The pluggable receptacle may comprise a pluggable mechanical connection (also called a fixed connection) and/or a pluggable electrical connection (also called an interface, such as at least one contact or terminal for electrical connection).
The carrier may be a support rail. Alternatively or additionally, the carrier (e.g. the base element or the plug element) can have terminals or locking elements. The terminals or locking elements can be designed to fix the carrier on the support rail and/or to connect at least one electrical conductor (e.g. a protection conductor or a power bus) to the carrier. The terminals may be screw terminals, tension spring terminals, direct plug-in terminals and/or quick connect terminals. Alternatively or additionally, the carrier can have mounting feet for mounting on the support rails.
The terminals and/or mounting feet may be designed to mechanically and/or conductively couple the carrier to the support rails. Alternatively or additionally, the carrier may be detachably secured to the support rail, for example by a tongue (which preferably engages with an edge of the support rail or may engage it therewith) or by a releasable latching mechanism (e.g. in the mounting foot).
Alternatively, the carrier may be or comprise a support rail. The overvoltage protection module and the protection module can be directly or indirectly fixed in a plug-in manner or can be fixed to the support rail.
The overvoltage protection module and the protection module can each be designed or arranged in their own housing. Alternatively, the overvoltage protection module and the protection module may be formed or arranged in one housing. Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, the overvoltage protection module, the protection module and the carrier can be formed or arranged in one housing.
The protection module and/or the overvoltage protection module may also each comprise a main switch, for example an on and/or off switch ("on/off switch"). By actuating the main switch of the protection module, the protection switch can be activated from the closed state to the open state or from the open state to the closed state. Alternatively or additionally, the (preferably reversible) overvoltage protection component can be activated from the active state to the inactive state or from the inactive state to the active state by actuating a main switch of the overvoltage protection module. For example, the overvoltage protection component may be switched active or inactive. In the active state, the overvoltage protection component can be changed from the insulating state into the conducting state in response to the occurrence of a corresponding overvoltage. Preferably, the overvoltage protection component changes to a conductive state only in the active state. In the inactive state, the overvoltage protection component can maintain an insulated state regardless of the voltage.
The monitoring unit may be arranged within the overvoltage protection module. Alternatively, the monitoring unit may be arranged within the protection module. Furthermore, the monitoring unit may alternatively be arranged in a monitoring module which is preferably plugged or pluggable onto the carrier.
The communication interface may be formed within the overvoltage protection module. Alternatively, the communication interface may be formed within the protection module. Further alternatively, the communication interface may be formed within the monitoring module.
The carrier may comprise at least two corresponding number of slots for insertably receiving at least two modules. Each slot can be designed for mechanical connection or fastening of a module that can be received in an insertable manner.
The overvoltage protection module and the protection module can be connected in series via a carrier. Each socket may also be designed for electrical connection of a module received in an insertable form. For example, the carrier may include back wiring between the slots that is designed to connect the inserted modules in series.
The overvoltage protection module and the protection module can abut each other on respective contact surfaces. This may also be referred to as an abutment arrangement. The contact surfaces of the overvoltage protection modules can be oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction and/or the insertion direction of the overvoltage protection modules. The contact surfaces of the protection module can be oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction and/or the insertion direction of the protection module.
The adjoining arrangement of the two modules makes it possible to achieve a compact arrangement of the overvoltage protection device (for example, as small a volume or a small installation space as possible).
The overvoltage protection module and the protection module may each have a contact surface, for example a side surface. The contact surfaces may be mechanically connected to each other or may be mechanically connectable. For example, the contact surfaces may have plugs or recesses designed for dovetail-shaped connection of modules lying against one another.
The overvoltage protection module may include a first connection and the protection module may include a second connection. The overvoltage protection module and the protection module may be connected in series by a first connection and a second connection.
The overvoltage protection module may comprise an interface of the first connection site in its contact surface. The protection module may comprise an interface of the second connection in its contact surface. In the adjacent arrangement of the overvoltage protection module and the protection module, the first connection and the second connection can be electrically conductively connected by means of a respective interface, preferably for a series connection of the overvoltage protection module and the protection module.
In one embodiment, the overvoltage protection module may comprise an interface in its contact surface with the first connection. The protection module may comprise an interface on its contact surface with the second connection. In the arrangement of the overvoltage protection module and the protection module adjacent to one another, the interface with the first connection and the interface with the second connection can be electrically conductively connected.
Embodiments may enable an electrical connection between the overvoltage protection module and the protection module, preferably for a series connection, without additional wiring (e.g., cables) for the series connection, when or due to plugging (e.g., plugging) of the two modules onto the carrier.
The overvoltage protection module may further comprise a third connection, which may be conductively connected to the first connection in the conductive state of the overvoltage protection module. Alternatively or additionally, the third connection can be electrically isolated from the first connection in the insulating state of the overvoltage protection module and/or its disconnection device. Alternatively or additionally, the protection module may further comprise a fourth connection, which may be connected to the second connection in an electrically conductive manner in the closed state of the protection module. Alternatively or additionally, the fourth connection may be electrically isolated from the second connection in the open state of the protection module.
The load protected by the overvoltage protection device can be connected or can be connected to the third connection and the fourth connection. The overvoltage protection device may be connected in parallel with the electrical consumer. The overvoltage protection device can be connected between a voltage conductor (e.g., the outer conductor L) and a discharge potential (e.g., ground potential PE or the neutral conductor N).
The overvoltage protection component can optionally be electrically conductively connected to the first connection and to the third connection. The thermal disconnection device can be designed to electrically isolate the overvoltage protection component in the event of a continuous current flow between the first connection and the third connection.
The overvoltage protection component can be designed to transition to a conductive state (i.e., an electrically conductive state) at a voltage greater than a voltage limit (e.g., between the first connection and the third connection or between the third connection and the fourth connection). The transition of the overvoltage protection component from the insulating state to the conducting state may be irreversible.
The overvoltage protection module may also have a status display. The status display of the overvoltage protection module can be designed to display the status of the overvoltage protection component, for example, an operational, faulty and/or replacement-recommended status. The protection module may also have a status display. The status display of the protection module can be designed to display the status of the protection switch and/or its triggering unit, for example an operational, faulty and/or replacement-advised status.
The status display may be an optical display (e.g., a light emitting diode), a mechanical display, an acoustic display, and/or a screen.
Drawings
The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.
In the figure:
fig. 1 shows a schematic top view of an overvoltage protection device according to a first embodiment;
and
fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of an overvoltage protection device according to a second embodiment.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 schematically shows a first exemplary embodiment of an overvoltage protection device, which is designated as a whole by reference numeral 100, in a top view.
The overvoltage protection device 100 includes a series circuit including an overvoltage protection component 112 and a protection switch 122 connected in series with the overvoltage protection component 112.
The series circuit also has a thermal cut-off 114. The thermal disconnect device 114 is designed to open or electrically disconnect the overvoltage protection component 112, preferably when the current through the overvoltage protection component 112 exceeds the fault current limit of the thermal disconnect device 114.
The overvoltage protection device 100 further comprises a monitoring unit 150. The monitoring unit 150 is designed to detect at least one status parameter of the series circuit and to determine whether a fault condition of the series circuit exists on the basis of the at least one status parameter.
In each embodiment, the monitoring unit 150 may be designed to activate the protection switch 122 to change from a closed state to an open state via the signal connection 156 if a fault condition exists.
A fault state may exist if the at least one state parameter exceeds or falls below a predetermined limit value or if the course of change of the at least one state parameter deviates from a predetermined value for the expected course of change.
The monitoring unit 150 may have one or more measuring units. In this exemplary embodiment, the monitoring unit 150 has a measuring unit 154, which is arranged at the inlet of the overvoltage protection component 112. In this position, the measuring unit 154 can, for example, measure the input current strength of the overvoltage protection device 100.
The overvoltage protection device 100 also includes a communication interface 152 for transmitting at least one sensed condition parameter to a remote communication unit. The at least one transmitted status parameter may indicate a fault status or an alarm status without a fault status.
In this embodiment, the communication interface 152 is formed in or on the monitoring unit 150. Preferably, the at least one detected status parameter is wirelessly transmitted to the remote communication unit.
The communication interface 152 may also be configured to receive control instructions from a remote communication unit and to actuate the protection switch 122 from a closed state to an open state or from an open state to a closed state in accordance with the control instructions.
The protection switch 122 is disposed in the protection module 120. The overvoltage protection component 112 is disposed in the overvoltage protection module 110. In addition, a thermal disconnection device 114 is arranged in the overvoltage protection module 110.
The overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120 are accommodated or can be accommodated in an insertable manner on a carrier 130, which carrier 130 is designed to accommodate at least two modules, preferably in an insertable manner.
In this embodiment, the monitoring unit 150 is arranged outside the carrier 130, the overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120. Alternatively, the monitoring unit 150 may be arranged in the overvoltage protection module 110, the protection module 120 or preferably in a monitoring module inserted or insertable on the carrier 130.
The overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120 adjoin one another on respective contact surfaces 140.
The overvoltage protection module 110 comprises a first connection 118 and the protection module 120 comprises a second connection 126, wherein the overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120 are connected in series via the first connection 118 and the second connection 126.
In this embodiment, the first connection 118 and the second connection 126 are connected to each other via a connecting wire. Alternatively, the overvoltage protection module 110 can also have an interface in its contact surface 140 with the first connection 118 and the protection module 120 can have an interface in its contact surface 140 with the second connection 126. In an alternative embodiment, in an arrangement in which the overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120 adjoin one another, the interface with the first connection 118 and the interface with the second connection 126 are connected in an electrically conductive manner.
The overvoltage protection module 110 also comprises a third connection 119, which is electrically conductively connected to the first connection 118 in the conductive state of the overvoltage protection module 110. The protection module 120 further comprises a fourth connection 128, which is electrically conductively connected to the second connection 126 in the closed state of the protection module 120. In the third connection 119 and the fourth connection 128, electrical consumers (not shown) to be protected by the overvoltage protection device 100 are preferably connected or connectable in parallel.
The overvoltage protection module 110 optionally also has a status display 116 which is designed to display the status of the overvoltage protection component 112 and/or the thermal disconnection device 114, preferably an operational, faulty and/or replacement-recommended status. In addition, the protection module 120 optionally has a status display 124, which is designed to display the status of the protection switch 122, preferably an operational, faulty and/or replacement-recommended status.
Fig. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an overvoltage protection device 100. This second embodiment can be implemented separately or as a further extension of the first embodiment.
The overvoltage protection device 100 according to the second embodiment preferably includes at least one or all of the features of the overvoltage protection device 100 according to the first exemplary embodiment. Alternatively or additionally, the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the arrangement of parts or features. Features that are interchangeable or the same are identified by a common reference numeral.
In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the monitoring unit 150 is not arranged outside the carrier 130, the overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120, but on the carrier 130.
In addition, the monitoring unit 150 is arranged between the overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120, so that in this embodiment the overvoltage protection module 110 and the protection module 120 do not adjoin one another on the respective contact surfaces.
In addition, the communication interface 152 is not formed on the monitoring unit 150, but on the protection module 120. Accordingly, the protection module 120 is designed to transmit the at least one status parameter detected by the monitoring unit 150 to the communication interface 152. In addition, the protection module 120 may also be designed to send control instructions received by the communication interface 152 to the monitoring unit 150.
In the second exemplary embodiment, the measuring unit 154 is arranged at the outlet of the overvoltage protection device 100. In this position, the measuring unit 154 can, for example, measure the output current strength of the overvoltage protection device 100 (for example at the third connection 119). In a variant of the second embodiment, the measuring unit 154 is arranged at the fourth connection 128.
While the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Description of the reference numerals
Measuring unit 154 of a monitoring unit
Claims (15)
1. An overvoltage protection device (100) having:
-a series circuit comprising an overvoltage protection component (112) and a protection switch (122) connected in series with the overvoltage protection component (112); and
-a monitoring unit (150) designed to detect at least one status parameter of the series circuit, to determine whether a fault condition exists in the series circuit based on the at least one status parameter, and to activate the protection switch (122) to switch from the closed state to the open state when the fault condition exists.
2. The overvoltage protection device (100) of claim 1, further having:
-a communication interface (152), preferably formed in the monitoring unit (150), for transmitting, preferably wirelessly, at least one detected status parameter to a remote communication unit, preferably wherein the at least one transmitted status parameter indicates a fault condition or an alarm condition without a fault condition.
3. The overvoltage protection device (100) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the communication interface (152) is additionally designed to receive control commands from a remote communication unit and to trigger the protective switch (122) from the closed state to the open state or from the open state to the closed state in dependence on the control commands.
4. The overvoltage protection device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a fault condition exists if the at least one condition parameter exceeds or falls below a predetermined limit value, or if the course of change of the at least one condition parameter deviates from a desired course of change by a predetermined value.
5. The overvoltage protection device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one status parameter comprises at least one of the following parameters:
-a voltage, preferably a voltage pulse, between an inlet and an outlet of the overvoltage protection component (112), optionally wherein a fault condition exists if the voltage is greater than a predetermined first voltage limit value, and/or preferably an overvoltage, optionally wherein a fault condition exists when the voltage continuously exceeds a predetermined second voltage limit value, which is less than the first voltage limit value, for a predetermined period of time;
-the current intensity in the series circuit, preferably a current pulse, optionally wherein a fault condition exists if the current intensity exceeds a predetermined first current limit value, and/or preferably a leakage current, optionally wherein a fault condition exists if the current intensity continuously exceeds a predetermined second current limit value, which is smaller than the first current limit value, for a predetermined period of time;
-a resistance of the overvoltage protection component (112) or a resistance between an inlet and an outlet of the overvoltage protection component (112), optionally wherein a fault condition exists if the resistance is less than a predetermined resistance limit value;
-a temperature, preferably of the overvoltage protection component (112), optionally wherein a fault condition exists when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature limit value;
-an arc in the overvoltage protection component (112), optionally wherein a fault condition exists if an arc is detected by the light sensor.
6. The overvoltage protection device (100) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, in which the series circuit, preferably the overvoltage protection module (110), also has a thermal disconnection device (114) which is designed to open the series circuit, preferably the overvoltage protection module (110), and/or to interrupt the current through the overvoltage protection component (112),
preferably, the series circuit, preferably the overvoltage protection module (110), is opened and/or the current through the overvoltage protection component (112) is interrupted when the current through the overvoltage protection component (112) exceeds a fault current limit of the overheat disconnection device (114),
preferably, at least one of the state parameters comprises an open state of the thermal cut-off device (114).
7. The overvoltage protection device (100) as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the second current limit value of the amperage is less than a fault current limit of the thermal disconnect device (114).
8. The overvoltage protection device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the protection switch (122) is designed to open and/or the monitoring unit (150) is designed to open the protection switch (122) if the current through the protection switch (122) exceeds a fault current limit of the protection switch (122),
and/or wherein the protection switch (122) is insensitive to pulsed current.
9. The overvoltage protection device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising:
-a protection module (120) in which a protection switch (122) is arranged;
and/or
-an overvoltage protection module (110) in which an overvoltage protection component (112) is arranged.
10. The overvoltage protection device (100) of claim 9, further comprising:
a carrier (130) for receiving, preferably pluggable, at least two modules, wherein the overvoltage protection module (110) and/or the protection module (120) are received or can be received in a plug-in manner on the carrier (130).
11. The overvoltage protection device (100) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the monitoring unit (150) is arranged inside the overvoltage protection module (110), inside the protection module (120), or inside the monitoring module, which is preferably plugged or pluggable onto the carrier (130).
12. The overvoltage protection device (100) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the overvoltage protection module (110) and the protection module (120) adjoin each other on respective contact surfaces (140).
13. The overvoltage protection device (100) of any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the overvoltage protection module (110) comprises a first connection (118) and the protection module (120) comprises a second connection (126), and wherein the overvoltage protection module (110) and the protection module (120) are connected in series by the first connection (118) and the second connection (126).
14. The overvoltage protection device (100) of claim 13,
wherein the overvoltage protection module (110) further comprises a third connection (119) which is conductively connected to the first connection (118) in the conductive state of the overvoltage protection module (110) and/or is electrically isolated from the first connection (118) in the insulating state of the overvoltage protection module (110);
and/or wherein the protection module (120) further comprises a fourth connection (128) which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the second connection (128) in the closed state of the protection module (120) and/or which is electrically isolated from the second connection (128) in the open state of the protection module (120),
preferably, the consumer, which is protected by the overvoltage protection device (100), is connected or connectable to the third connection (119) and the fourth connection (128).
15. The overvoltage protection device (100) of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the overvoltage protection component (112) is a varistor, a gas-filled overvoltage arrestor, a suppressor diode or a spark gap, preferably wherein the at least one condition parameter comprises or is indicative of a temperature of the varistor, gas-filled overvoltage arrestor, suppressor diode or spark gap.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010434482.7A CN113708336A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Overvoltage protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010434482.7A CN113708336A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Overvoltage protection device |
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| CN113708336A true CN113708336A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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| CN202010434482.7A Pending CN113708336A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Overvoltage protection device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116937522A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-10-24 | 杭州科丰电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent switch overvoltage protection method, device, system, electronic device and storage medium |
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| CN116937522A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-10-24 | 杭州科丰电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent switch overvoltage protection method, device, system, electronic device and storage medium |
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