CN113708093A

CN113708093A - Antenna structure and electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN113708093A
Application number: CN202010443711.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张禄鹏; 段晓超
Original assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-22
Filing date: 2020-05-22
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-22
Also published as: CN113708093B

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure includes: the antenna comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and an antenna gap between the first radiator and the second radiator; a feed point connected to the first radiator; a ground point connected to the second radiator; the tuning circuit comprises a first tuning unit, one end of the first tuning unit is connected between the second radiator and the grounding point, the other end of the first tuning unit is connected between the feed point and the first radiator, the first tuning unit comprises multiple tuning states, and the inductance value of the second radiator in each tuning state is different.

Description

Antenna structure and electronic device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of terminal technologies, and in particular, to an antenna structure and an electronic device.

Background

With the development of communication technology, fifth generation data communication comes along, and the characteristics of stability, reliability, low delay and the like of the fifth generation data communication are all not possessed by fourth generation data communication.

In order to realize 5G communication of the electronic device, a 5G antenna for radiating a 5G frequency band signal needs to be configured in the electronic device, and based on the development trend of the current electronic device with a full-screen and a thin size, how to consider the beauty and the antenna becomes a great challenge to be faced by technical personnel.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure provides an antenna structure and an electronic device to solve the disadvantages of the related art.

According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna structure, comprising:

the antenna comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and an antenna gap between the first radiator and the second radiator;

a feed point connected to the first radiator;

a ground point connected to the second radiator;

the tuning circuit comprises a first tuning unit, one end of the first tuning unit is connected between the second radiator and the grounding point, the other end of the first tuning unit is connected between the feed point and the first radiator, the first tuning unit comprises multiple tuning states, and the inductance value of the second radiator in each tuning state is different.

Optionally, the antenna structure further includes a metal plate, the metal plate is connected to both the first radiator and the second radiator, and the metal plate, the first radiator and the second radiator enclose a clearance area;

the first tuning unit is used for adjusting a radiation frequency band of a loop antenna formed by the metal plate, the first radiator and the second radiator.

Optionally, the first tuning unit includes a first switch circuit and a single first inductor, and the first switch circuit is connected in parallel with the single first inductor.

Optionally, the first tuning unit includes a first switch circuit and a plurality of first inductors, the first switch circuit includes an off state and a plurality of on states, and an inductance value of the first inductor connected in series with the first switch circuit in each on state is different.

Optionally, the tuning circuit further includes a second tuning unit, the second tuning unit is connected in series between the second radiator and the ground point, and the second tuning unit is configured to adjust a radiation frequency band of the second radiator.

Optionally, the second tuning unit includes a second switch circuit and a single second inductor, and the second switch circuit is connected in parallel with the single second inductor.

Optionally, the second tuning unit includes a second switch circuit and a plurality of second inductors, the second switch circuit includes an off state and a plurality of on states, and an inductance value of the second inductor connected in series with the second switch circuit in each on state is different.

Optionally, a distance between a connection position on the first radiator connected to the feed point and a ground position of the first radiator is related to a radiation frequency band of the radiator between the connection position and the ground position.

Optionally, the antenna structure further includes a matching circuit, where the matching circuit includes at least one of:

a first capacitor connected in series between the first radiator and the feed point;

a second capacitor with one end connected between the feed point and the first radiator and the other end grounded;

and one end of the third inductor is connected between the feed point and the first radiator, and the other end of the third inductor is grounded.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device including the antenna structure according to any one of the embodiments.

Optionally, the electronic device includes a metal frame, where the metal frame is used to form the first radiator, the second radiator, and the antenna slot;

the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the same edge of the metal frame, or the first radiator and the second radiator are located on adjacent edges of the metal frame.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects:

according to the embodiment, when the antenna structure provided by the disclosure is configured in the electronic device, the adjustment of the radiation frequency band can be realized through the tuning effect of the first tuning unit, and a special radiator is prevented from being arranged in the electronic device for each frequency band, so that the occupation of the internal space of the electronic device can be reduced, and the coverage of the electronic device on the current 2G signal-5G signal in the whole network segment is favorably realized.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is one of schematic structural diagrams illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a second schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a third schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a fourth schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a fifth structural schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a sixth schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a return loss plot for an antenna structure shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a seventh structural schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal frame body according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of another metal frame shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the antenna structure 100 may include a first radiator 1, a second radiator 2, and an antenna slot 3 located between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, where the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are both made of a metal material for radiating an antenna signal of the antenna structure 100, and the antenna slot 3 may be filled with a non-metal material or may not be filled with a non-metal material, which is not limited by the disclosure. The antenna structure 100 may further include a feed point 4, a ground point GND and a tuning circuit 5, the feed point 4 may be connected to the first radiator 1 to feed an antenna signal, the ground point GND may be connected to the second radiator 2, and the tuning circuit 5 may be used to adjust a radiation frequency band of the antenna structure 100. Specifically, the tuning circuit 5 may include a first tuning unit 51, one end of the first tuning unit 51 may be connected to the second radiator 2, and the other end of the first tuning unit 51 may be connected between the feed point 4 and the first radiator 1, where the first tuning unit 51 may include multiple tuning states, and an inductance value of the second radiator 2 in each tuning state is different, so as to implement a radiation frequency band covered by the antenna structure 100. Based on this, when the antenna structure 100 is configured in the electronic device, the adjustment of the radiation frequency band can be realized through the tuning effect of the first tuning unit 51, and a special radiator is prevented from being arranged in the electronic device for each frequency band, so that the occupation of the internal space of the electronic device can be reduced, and the full-network segment coverage of the current 2G signal-5G signal by the electronic device can be favorably realized.

In this embodiment, the antenna structure 100 may include a laser forming antenna, or the antenna structure 100 may also include an FPC antenna, or the antenna structure 100 may also include a metal bezel antenna. Still referring to fig. 1, taking the antenna structure 100 as a metal frame antenna as an example, the antenna structure 100 may further include a metal plate 6, where the metal plate 6 is connected to both the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, a clearance area may be enclosed by the metal plate 6, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, and the first tuning unit 51 may be configured to adjust a radiation frequency band of a loop antenna formed by the metal plate 6, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2.

In the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the tuning circuit 5 may further include a second tuning unit 52, the second tuning unit 52 is connected in series between the ground point GND and the second radiator 2, and the second tuning unit 52 may be used to adjust the radiation frequency band of the second radiator 2. For example, in one case, the second tuning unit 52 may enable the second radiating unit 2 to radiate signals between 2.3GH and 3.8GH, and the first tuning unit 51 may enable the antenna structure 100 to radiate signals between 1.7GH and 2.7GH, so that the antenna structure 100 may cover N1, N3, N41, and N78 frequency bands, so that the electronic device configuring the antenna structure 100 may support 5G non-independent networking and 5G independent networking, and implement dual mode processing of the electronic device, so that the electronic device can adapt to transition from 4G communication to 5G communication, and simultaneously meet the development trend of future access to 5G independent networking.

Further, in order to enrich the coverage of the antenna structure 100 to the 5G frequency band, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the first radiator 1 may be configured to radiate an antenna signal in the N79 frequency band. Specifically, the radiation frequency band of the radiator between the connection position between the feed point 4 and the first radiator 1 and the ground position can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the connection position between the feed point 4 and the first radiator 1 and the ground position of the first radiator 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the radiation frequency band of the radiator between the point a and the point B (the ground position of the first radiator 1) can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the point a. In an embodiment, the position of the point a may be adjusted, so that a partial area of the first radiator 1 may be used to radiate a radiation signal in a range of 4.4GHz to 5GHz, and thus the antenna structure 100 may cover 79 frequency bands, and full coverage of the antenna structure 100 on a 5G frequency band is achieved.

To explain the present disclosure in detail, the following description will be made with respect to specific circuits of the first tuning unit 51 and the second tuning unit 52 in the above-described respective embodiments.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first tuning unit 51 may include a first switch circuit 511 and a single first inductor 512, the single first inductor 512 may be connected in parallel with the first switch circuit 511, when the first switch circuit 511 is in a closed state, the first inductor 512 is short-circuited, and when the first switch circuit 511 is in an open state, the first inductor 512 is connected in series between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2. Therefore, the inductance value of the loop antenna can be adjusted, and the coverage frequency band of the loop antenna can be adjusted.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the first tuning unit 51 may include a first switch circuit 511 and a plurality of first inductors 512, and the first switch circuit 511 may include an off state and a plurality of on states, where each on state has a different inductance value of the first inductor 512 connected in series with the first switch circuit 511, so as to adjust the coverage frequency band of the loop antenna. As shown in fig. 4, the first tuning unit 51 may include three first inductors 512, and the inductance values of the three first inductors 512 are not equal. Of course, only the first tuning unit 51 may include three first inductors 512 for illustration, in other embodiments, two, or four or more first inductors 512 may be designed in the first tuning unit 51 according to design requirements, and the disclosure does not limit this.

With respect to the second tuning unit 52, still as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second tuning unit 51 may include a second switching circuit 521 and a single second inductor 522, the single second inductor 522 may be connected in parallel with the second switching circuit 521, when the second switching circuit 521 is in a closed state, the second inductor 522 is short-circuited, and when the second switching circuit 521 is in an open state, the second inductor 522 is connected in series with the second radiator 2. Therefore, the inductance value accessed to the second radiator 2 can be adjusted, and the coverage frequency band of the second radiator 2 can be adjusted.

In another case, as shown in fig. 5, the second tuning unit 52 may include a second switching circuit 521 and a plurality of second inductors 522, where the second switching circuit 521 may include an off state and a plurality of on states, and an inductance value of the second inductor 522 connected in series with the second switching circuit 521 in each on state is different, so that the adjustment of the coverage band of the second radiator 2 may be achieved. As shown in fig. 5, the second tuning unit 52 may include four second inductors 522, and the inductance values of the four second inductors 522 are not equal. Of course, only the second tuning unit 52 may include four second inductors 522 for example, in other embodiments, two, or three or more second inductors 522 may be designed in the second tuning unit 52 according to design requirements, and the disclosure does not limit this. In still another case, as shown in fig. 6, it is also possible that the first tuning unit 51 includes a single first inductor 512 and the second tuning unit 52 includes a plurality of second inductors 522.

Further, a return loss curve of the antenna structure 100 as shown in fig. 7 can be obtained based on the above-described embodiments. As shown in fig. 7, the abscissa is frequency, and the ordinate is the return loss when the first tuning unit 51 and the second tuning unit 52 are connected to different inductances. Taking the example that the first inductor 512 accessed by the first tuning unit 51 is shown as L1, and the second inductor 522 accessed by the second tuning unit 52 is shown as L2, curves S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 in fig. 7 are plotted corresponding to the inductance parameter and the radiation frequency band table 1:

Curve	L1(nH)	L2(nH)	covering a frequency band
				S1	10	20	N1、N41、N79
S2	10	2	N1、N78、N79
				S3	NM
	2	N3、N78、N79
			S4
	2	2		N41、N78、N79
			S5		NM	20	N3、N41、N79

Table 1

Where NM indicates that the first switch circuit 511 is in an off state.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 7, when L1 is equal to 10nH and L2 is equal to 20nH, a return loss curve S1 of the antenna structure 100 in fig. 7 can be obtained, and as shown by a curve S1, a resonance is formed between 1.9GHz and 2.2GHz, a resonance is formed between 2.5GHz and 2.8GHz, and a resonance is also formed between 4.5GHz and 4.9GHz, so that the antenna structure 100 can cover the frequency bands of N1, N41, and N79 when the tuning circuit of the antenna structure 100 is switched to adopt the inductance parameter corresponding to the curve S1.

When L1 is 10nH and L2 is 2nH, the return loss curve S2 of the antenna structure 100 in fig. 7 can be obtained, and the radiation frequency band of the second radiator 2 is changed from the curve S1, as shown by the curve S2, such that a resonance is formed between 1.9GHz and 2.2GHz, a resonance is formed between 3.4GHz and 3.7GHz, and a resonance is also formed between 4.5GHz and 4.9GHz, so that the antenna structure 100 can cover the frequency bands of N1, N78, and N79 when the tuning circuit of the antenna structure 100 is switched to the inductance parameter corresponding to the curve S2.

When L1 is not connected to the tuning circuit 5, and L2 is 2nH, the return loss curve S3 of the antenna structure 100 in fig. 7 can be obtained, and the inductance value of the first inductor L1 is changed relative to the curve S2, so that the radiation frequency band of the loop antenna can be adjusted. As shown by the curve S3, the antenna structure 100 can cover the frequency bands of N3, N78, and N79 when the tuning circuit of the antenna structure 100 is switched to the inductance parameter corresponding to the curve S3 by forming the resonance between 1.7GHz and 1.9GHz, the resonance between 2.5GHz and 2.8GHz, and the resonance between 4.5GHz and 4.9 GHz.

When L1 is 2nH and L2 is 2nH, a return loss curve S4 of the antenna structure 100 in fig. 7 can be obtained, and the inductance value of the first inductor L1 is changed with respect to the curve S3, so that the radiation band of the loop antenna can be adjusted. As shown by the curve S4, the antenna structure 100 can cover the frequency bands of N41, N78, and N79 when the tuning circuit of the antenna structure 100 is switched to the inductance parameter corresponding to the curve S3 by forming the resonance between 2.4GHz and 2.7GHz, the resonance between 2.5GHz and 2.8GHz, and the resonance between 4.5GHz and 4.9 GHz.

When L1 is not connected to the tuning circuit 5, and L2 is 20nH, the return loss curve S5 of the antenna structure 100 in fig. 7 can be obtained, and the inductance value of the first inductor L1 is changed relative to the curve S1, so that the radiation frequency band of the loop antenna can be adjusted. As shown by the curve S5, a resonance is formed between 1.7GHz and 1.9GHz, a resonance is formed between 2.5GHz and 2.7GHz, and a resonance is also formed between 4.5GHz and 4.9GHz, so that the antenna structure 100 can cover the frequency bands of N3, N41, and N79 when the tuning circuit of the antenna structure 100 is switched to adopt the inductance parameter corresponding to the curve S3.

Based on the technical solution of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 8, the antenna structure 100 may further include a matching circuit 7, and the matching circuit 7 may be configured to perform impedance matching on a fed signal to improve impedance efficiency. As shown in fig. 8, the matching circuit 8 may include a first capacitor 81 connected in series between the first radiator 1 and the feed point 4, a second capacitor 82 connected between the feed point 4 and the first radiator 1 at one end and grounded at the other end, and a third capacitor 83 connected between the feed point 4 and the first radiator 1 at one end and grounded at the other end. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the first capacitor 81, the second capacitor 82 and the third inductor 83 in the matching circuit 8 may also be multiple, and the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In still another case, the matching circuit 8 may also include one or two of the first capacitor 81, the second capacitor 82 and the third inductor 83, and the number of each of them may be one or more, which is not limited by the disclosure.

Based on the technical solution of the present disclosure, the present disclosure further provides an electronic device 200 as shown in fig. 9, where the electronic device 200 may include the antenna structure 100 described in any of the above embodiments. In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the electronic device 200 may include a metal frame 201, the metal frame 201 may form a first radiator 1, a second radiator 2 and an antenna slot 3, and as shown in fig. 10, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 may be located on the same edge of the metal frame 201. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 11, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 may be located at adjacent edges of the metal frame 201, and may be specifically designed according to the arrangement of electronic components inside the electronic device 200. The electronic device 200 may include a mobile phone terminal, a tablet terminal, a notebook terminal, or a wearable device, etc., which is not limited by this disclosure.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, comprising:

a feed point connected to the first radiator;

a ground point connected to the second radiator;

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising a metal plate connected to both the first radiator and the second radiator, wherein the metal plate, the first radiator and the second radiator enclose a clearance area;

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the first tuning element comprises a first switching circuit and a single first inductance, the first switching circuit being connected in parallel with the single first inductance.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the first tuning element comprises a first switching circuit and a plurality of first inductors, the first switching circuit comprising an off-state and a plurality of on-states, each on-state having a different inductance value of a first inductor connected in series with the first switching circuit.

5. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the tuning circuit further comprises a second tuning unit, the second tuning unit is connected in series between the second radiator and the ground point, and the second tuning unit is configured to adjust a radiation band of the second radiator.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the second tuning unit comprises a second switching circuit and a single second inductance, the second switching circuit being connected in parallel with the single second inductance.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the second tuning element comprises a second switching circuit and a plurality of second inductors, the second switching circuit comprising an off-state and a plurality of on-states, the inductance value of the second inductor in series with the second switching circuit in each on-state being different.

8. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a distance between a connection location on the first radiator connected to the feed point and a ground location of the first radiator is related to a radiation frequency band of the radiator between the connection location and the ground location.

9. The antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising a matching circuit, the matching circuit comprising at least one of:

10. An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises an antenna structure according to any of claims 1-9.

11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the electronic device comprises a metal frame for forming the first radiator, the second radiator, and the antenna slot;