CN113707904A - Self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater and heating method - Google Patents
Self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater and heating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113707904A CN113707904A CN202110978707.XA CN202110978707A CN113707904A CN 113707904 A CN113707904 A CN 113707904A CN 202110978707 A CN202110978707 A CN 202110978707A CN 113707904 A CN113707904 A CN 113707904A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cold start heater and a heating method for an auto-heating fuel cell automobile. The heater comprises a self-heating agent tank body, self-heating agent powder is filled in an inner cavity of the self-heating agent tank body, the self-heating agent tank body is provided with an air inlet connected with an air compressor, and the self-heating agent powder and air entering through the air inlet are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction to generate a large amount of heat, so that the components needing to be heated are quickly heated in the cold starting process; the self-heating agent tank body is provided with a hydrogen inlet connected with a hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell engine, the self-heating agent powder is reduced by the hydrogen entering from the hydrogen inlet, and the self-heating agent powder is sealed and stored by taking the hydrogen as protective gas. The invention provides a cold start heater of a self-heating fuel cell automobile, which has the advantages of simple structure, stability, reliability, lower cost and good hydrogen safety, does not damage the power system of the whole automobile in the whole cold start process, and is suitable for any fuel cell automobile needing cold start in a severe cold area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a cold start heater and a heating method for an auto-heating fuel cell automobile.
Background
The cold start problem of fuel cell vehicles is a big problem in practical applications. As a vehicle, it must have the ability to operate in severe cold climates (e.g., northeast China). At present, in order to ensure the service life of the system, a fuel cell automobile generally adopts a series type electric-electric hybrid power system, namely after a fuel cell engine carries out chemical reaction power generation, the generated electric energy does not directly drive the automobile, but is stored in a power cell, and then the power cell releases the electric energy to drive the automobile. Therefore, in a severe cold environment, if the heating and temperature rise of the power system of the whole vehicle are desired, the source of the heat energy can only come from the electric energy stored in the power battery or the chemical energy stored in the hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder of the fuel cell vehicle.
Under the current technology system, the starting temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is generally not lower than forty degrees below zero, and most hydrogen fuel cell engines cannot be started at the temperature lower than thirty degrees below zero, and the low-temperature starting characteristic of the power battery is generally worse than that of the hydrogen fuel cell engine.
To solve the problem of low-temperature cold start of a fuel cell engine, many researchers have conducted extensive research. The first category of concepts is the heating of fuel cell engines by means of electrical energy. Research teams of the Qinghua university have proposed a plurality of schemes based on the idea, such as driving an air compressor in a fuel cell engine by electric energy to realize an energy conversion path from the electric energy to mechanical energy and finally to heat energy; for another example, based on the idea of "hydrogen pump", the fuel cell stack is directly heated by electric energy without damaging the structure and life of the fuel cell stack. The idea can obtain better experimental results in the laboratory stage, but the idea faces difficulties in the practical application stage. Fuel cell vehicles have difficulty obtaining a source of electrical energy in a harsh environment because the electrical energy stored in the power cell cannot be released at low temperatures. For the reasons mentioned above, this concept is still in the laboratory stage.
The second type of conventional thinking is to use the chemical energy stored in the hydrogen cylinder to generate heat. The idea is adopted by the first mass-produced fuel cell passenger car Toyota MIRAI in the world. During cold start, the MIRAI can limit air supply, meanwhile, a large current load is applied to the galvanic pile through the DC/DC, the concentration polarization of the galvanic pile is very large, the galvanic pile is at a low voltage level (about 0.08V of single-chip average voltage), the electric power output efficiency is low, about 94% of input hydrogen chemical energy is converted into heat energy, and therefore rapid self-heating of the galvanic pile is achieved. However, this method has extremely high requirements on the robustness of the stack, and it is difficult to avoid a certain damage to the stack.
Another method for heating by using chemical energy of hydrogen is proposed in CN201920565319.7, which additionally arranges a hydrogen burner on the vehicle, and ignites the hydrogen directly to obtain heat energy when the fuel cell vehicle needs cold start. The method has the advantages of not causing any damage to the power battery and the fuel cell engine, but has the disadvantages of greatly increasing the complexity and the instability of a power system and ensuring the hydrogen safety unavoidably.
In summary, it is a problem to be solved urgently how to provide a fuel cell engine cold start heater with simple structure, stability, reliability, low cost and good hydrogen safety, so as to prevent the whole vehicle power system from being damaged in the whole cold start process, and meanwhile, the heater is suitable for any fuel cell vehicle needing cold start in a severe cold area.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome a series of defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a self-heating type fuel cell automobile cold start heater, which comprises a self-heating agent tank body and is characterized in that self-heating agent powder 14 is filled in an inner cavity of the self-heating agent tank body, the self-heating agent tank body is provided with an air inlet 2 connected with an air compressor of a fuel cell engine, and the self-heating agent powder 14 and air entering through the air inlet 2 generate oxidation-reduction reaction to generate a large amount of heat, so that parts needing to be heated are rapidly heated in the cold start process; the self-heating agent tank body is provided with a hydrogen inlet 5 connected with a hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell engine, the self-heating agent powder 14 is reduced by hydrogen entering through the hydrogen inlet 5, and the self-heating agent powder 14 is sealed and stored by taking the hydrogen as protective gas and is used when cold starting is needed next time.
Preferably, the air inlet 2 and the hydrogen inlet 5 are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve I3 and an electromagnetic valve II 6.
Preferably, the self-heating agent tank body is provided with a gas outlet 11, the gas outlet 11 is provided with an electric control back pressure valve 12, and the gas outlet 11, the air inlet 2 and the hydrogen inlet 5 are all provided with filter screens 4 to prevent the self-heating agent powder 14 from escaping.
Preferably, the self-heating agent tank body is coated with a shell 9, a spiral water channel 7 is arranged between the shell 9 and the self-heating agent tank body, two ends of the spiral water channel 7 are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet 8 and a heating water outlet 15, the cooling water inlet 8 is connected with a cooling water channel of a fuel cell engine, the heating water outlet 15 is connected with an automobile water tank, the cooling water inlet 8 is provided with a cooling water channel electromagnetic valve 17, and the heating water outlet 15 is provided with a heating water channel electromagnetic valve 16.
Preferably, heating wires 10 are uniformly distributed in the shell of the self-heating agent tank body, and the shell 9 is coated with an insulating layer.
Preferably, the self-heating agent powder 14 is a metal powder, an alloy powder or a mixture powder. Among other features, the self-heating agent powder 14 includes: can react with oxygen to release heat quickly; can be reduced by hydrogen; the melting point is high, and the caking is not easy to occur at high temperature; the cost is controllable; is safe and reliable.
Preferably, the self-heating agent powder 14 is iron powder.
The invention also aims to provide a heating method of the self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: opening an electric control back pressure valve 12, spraying most hydrogen originally stored in a self-heating agent tank body in a sealing way, and then enabling oxygen in the air to enter the self-heating agent tank body to start reaction and heat release;
the second step is that: opening the electromagnetic valve I3 to further increase the contact of the self-heating agent and oxygen and accelerate heat release;
the third step: starting a cooling water path water pump, a cooling water path electromagnetic valve 17 and a heating water path electromagnetic valve 16, gradually heating the cooling liquid, and transferring heat to a finished automobile power system;
the fourth step: after the power supply is sufficiently heated, starting the air compressor, adjusting the opening of the electric control back pressure valve 12, and controlling the flow and pressure of air in the self-heating agent cavity by matching with the air compressor;
the fifth step: starting the complete vehicle power system formally after the complete vehicle power system is heated sufficiently;
and a sixth step: waiting for the vehicle to enter a stable running state, and simultaneously confirming that the vehicle runs in an outdoor ventilation environment;
the seventh step: closing the electromagnetic valve I3, the heating water path electromagnetic valve 16 and the cooling water path electromagnetic valve 17, stopping the flow of the cooling liquid and the fresh air from the air compressor through the self-heating agent tank body, electrifying the electric heating wire 10, and heating the oxidized self-heating agent powder 14 to the reduction reaction temperature;
eighth step: opening the electromagnetic valve II 6, adjusting the opening of the electric control back pressure valve 12, controlling the flow and pressure of hydrogen in the self-heating agent cavity, and finishing the reduction of the self-heating agent powder 14 by utilizing the hydrogen;
the ninth step: after the reduction reaction is finished, the electric control back pressure valve 12 is closed firstly, then the electromagnetic valve II 6 is closed, and the high-purity hydrogen with the sealing pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure in the cavity of the self-heating agent tank body is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a cold start heater and a heating method for a self-heating fuel cell automobile, which have the advantages of simple structure, stability, reliability, lower cost and good hydrogen safety, do not damage the whole automobile power system in the whole cold start process, and are suitable for any fuel cell automobile needing cold start in a severe cold area.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a cold start heater for an auto-thermal fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a heating method of a cold start heater of an auto-thermal fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1-lead, 2-air inlet, 3-solenoid valve I, 4-filter screen, 5-hydrogen inlet, 6-solenoid valve II, 7-spiral water channel, 8-cooling water inlet, 9-shell, 10-heating wire, 11-gas outlet, 12-electric control back pressure valve, 14-self-heating agent powder, 15-heating water outlet, 16-heating water path solenoid valve and 17-cooling water path solenoid valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiments and the directional terms described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used in the explanation of the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater comprises a self-heating agent tank body, and is characterized in that self-heating agent powder 14 is filled in an inner cavity of the self-heating agent tank body, the self-heating agent tank body is provided with an air inlet 2 connected with an air compressor of a fuel cell engine, and the self-heating agent powder 14 and air entering through the air inlet 2 generate oxidation-reduction reaction to generate a large amount of heat, so that parts needing to be heated are rapidly heated in a cold start process; the self-heating agent tank body is provided with a hydrogen inlet 5 connected with a hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell engine, the self-heating agent powder 14 is reduced by hydrogen entering through the hydrogen inlet 5, and the self-heating agent powder 14 is sealed and stored by taking the hydrogen as protective gas and is used when cold starting is needed next time.
Preferably, the air inlet 2 and the hydrogen inlet 5 are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve I3 and an electromagnetic valve II 6.
Preferably, the self-heating agent tank body is provided with a gas outlet 11, the gas outlet 11 is provided with an electric control back pressure valve 12, and the gas outlet 11, the air inlet 2 and the hydrogen inlet 5 are all provided with filter screens 4 to prevent the self-heating agent powder 14 from escaping.
Preferably, the self-heating agent tank body is coated with a shell 9, a spiral water channel 7 is arranged between the shell 9 and the self-heating agent tank body, two ends of the spiral water channel 7 are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet 8 and a heating water outlet 15, the cooling water inlet 8 is connected with a cooling water channel of a fuel cell engine, the heating water outlet 15 is connected with an automobile water tank, the cooling water inlet 8 is provided with a cooling water channel electromagnetic valve 17, and the heating water outlet 15 is provided with a heating water channel electromagnetic valve 16.
Preferably, heating wires 10 are uniformly distributed in the shell of the self-heating agent tank body, the heating wires 10 are electrified and heated through a lead 1, and the shell 9 is coated with a heat-insulating layer.
Preferably, the self-heating agent powder 14 is a metal powder, an alloy powder or a mixture powder. Among other features, the self-heating agent powder 14 includes: can react with oxygen to release heat quickly; can be reduced by hydrogen; the melting point is high, and the caking is not easy to occur at high temperature; the cost is controllable; is safe and reliable.
Preferably, the self-heating agent powder 14 is iron powder.
As shown in fig. 2, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for heating a cold start heater of an auto-thermal fuel cell vehicle, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: opening an electric control back pressure valve 12, spraying most hydrogen originally stored in a self-heating agent tank body in a sealing way, and then enabling oxygen in the air to enter the self-heating agent tank body to start reaction and heat release;
the second step is that: opening the electromagnetic valve I3 to further increase the contact of the self-heating agent and oxygen and accelerate heat release;
the third step: starting a cooling water path water pump, a cooling water path electromagnetic valve 17 and a heating water path electromagnetic valve 16, gradually heating the cooling liquid, and transferring heat to a finished automobile power system;
the fourth step: after the power supply is sufficiently heated, starting the air compressor, adjusting the opening of the electric control back pressure valve 12, and controlling the flow and pressure of air in the self-heating agent cavity by matching with the air compressor;
the fifth step: starting the complete vehicle power system formally after the complete vehicle power system is heated sufficiently;
and a sixth step: waiting for the vehicle to enter a stable running state, and simultaneously confirming that the vehicle runs in an outdoor ventilation environment;
the seventh step: closing the electromagnetic valve I3, the heating water path electromagnetic valve 16 and the cooling water path electromagnetic valve 17, stopping the flow of the cooling liquid and the fresh air from the air compressor through the self-heating agent tank body, electrifying the electric heating wire 10, and heating the oxidized self-heating agent powder 14 to the reduction reaction temperature;
eighth step: opening the electromagnetic valve II 6, adjusting the opening of the electric control back pressure valve 12, controlling the flow and pressure of hydrogen in the self-heating agent cavity, and finishing the reduction of the self-heating agent powder 14 by utilizing the hydrogen;
the ninth step: after the reduction reaction is finished, the electric control back pressure valve 12 is closed firstly, then the electromagnetic valve II 6 is closed, and the high-purity hydrogen with the sealing pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure in the cavity of the self-heating agent tank body is ensured. .
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater comprises a self-heating agent tank body and is characterized in that self-heating agent powder (14) is filled in an inner cavity of the self-heating agent tank body, the self-heating agent tank body is provided with an air inlet (2) connected with an air compressor of a fuel cell engine, and the self-heating agent powder (14) and air entering through the air inlet (2) are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction to generate a large amount of heat, so that parts needing to be heated are rapidly heated in the cold start process; the self-heating agent tank body is provided with a hydrogen inlet (5) connected with a hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell engine, the hydrogen entering through the hydrogen inlet (5) reduces the self-heating agent powder (14), and the hydrogen is used as protective gas to seal and store the self-heating agent powder (14) for use when cold start is needed next time.
2. The heater of claim 1, wherein the air inlet (2) and the hydrogen inlet (5) are respectively provided with a solenoid valve I (3) and a solenoid valve II (6).
3. The heater of claim 1, wherein the self-heating fuel cell vehicle cold start heater is provided with a gas outlet (11) on the self-heating agent tank, an electrically controlled back pressure valve (12) is arranged on the gas outlet (11), and the gas outlet (11), the air inlet (2) and the hydrogen inlet (5) are all provided with a filter screen (4) to prevent the self-heating agent powder (14) from escaping.
4. The self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater according to claim 1, wherein a shell (9) is coated on the self-heating agent tank, a spiral water channel (7) is arranged between the shell (9) and the self-heating agent tank, a cooling water inlet (8) and a heating water outlet (15) are respectively arranged at two ends of the spiral water channel (7), the cooling water inlet (8) is connected with a cooling water channel of a fuel cell engine, the heating water outlet (15) is connected with an automobile water tank, a cooling water channel electromagnetic valve (17) is arranged on the cooling water inlet (8), and a heating water channel electromagnetic valve (16) is arranged on the heating water outlet (15).
5. The cold start heater of an auto-heating fuel cell automobile according to claim 4, characterized in that the heating wire (10) is uniformly distributed inside the shell of the auto-heating agent tank, and the shell (9) is coated with an insulating layer.
6. The cold start heater of an auto-heating fuel cell vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-heating agent powder (14) is a metal powder, an alloy powder or a mixture powder.
7. The cold start heater of an auto-heating fuel cell vehicle as claimed in claim 6, wherein the self-heating agent powder (14) is iron powder.
8. The heating method of the cold start heater of the self-heating fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: opening an electric control back pressure valve (12), spraying most of hydrogen originally stored in a self-heating agent tank body in a sealing way, and then enabling oxygen in the air to enter the self-heating agent tank body to start reaction and heat release;
the second step is that: opening the electromagnetic valve I (3) to further increase the contact of the self-heating agent and oxygen and accelerate heat release;
the third step: a cooling water path water pump, a cooling water path electromagnetic valve (17) and a heating water path electromagnetic valve (16) are started, cooling liquid is gradually heated, and heat is transferred to a power system of the whole vehicle;
the fourth step: after the power supply is sufficiently heated, starting the air compressor, adjusting the opening degree of the electric control back pressure valve (12) and controlling the flow and pressure of air in the self-heating agent cavity by matching with the air compressor;
the fifth step: starting the complete vehicle power system formally after the complete vehicle power system is heated sufficiently;
and a sixth step: waiting for the vehicle to enter a stable running state, and simultaneously confirming that the vehicle runs in an outdoor ventilation environment;
the seventh step: closing the electromagnetic valve I (3), the heating water path electromagnetic valve (16) and the cooling water path electromagnetic valve (17), stopping the flow of the cooling liquid and the fresh air from the air compressor through the self-heating agent tank body, electrifying the electric heating wire (10), and heating the oxidized self-heating agent powder (14) to the reduction reaction temperature;
eighth step: opening an electromagnetic valve II (6), adjusting the opening of an electric control back pressure valve (12) at the same time, controlling the flow and pressure of hydrogen in the self-heating agent cavity, and finishing the reduction of the self-heating agent powder (14) by utilizing the hydrogen;
the ninth step: after the reduction reaction is finished, the electric control back pressure valve (12) is closed firstly, then the electromagnetic valve II (6) is closed, and the high-purity hydrogen with the sealing pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure in the cavity of the self-heating agent tank body is ensured.
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| Title |
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| 浦及;秦晓津;芦岩;王宇鹏;丁天威;赵子亮;: "燃料电池热管理系统设计及研究", 汽车文摘, no. 04, pages 24 - 27 * |
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