CN113705961A - Risk level evaluation decomposition method and device based on vehicle powertrain function - Google Patents
Risk level evaluation decomposition method and device based on vehicle powertrain function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a risk grade evaluation decomposition method and a device based on vehicle powertrain functions, wherein the method comprises the following steps: inputting the functions, the failure modes and the operation scenes into a risk analysis model to analyze the risk grade, and obtaining the risk grade corresponding to the functions; according to the risk level corresponding to the function, carrying out risk level decomposition on each system which is in a power assembly framework and is related to the function by using a system relation and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of each system; and carrying out risk grade decomposition on the elements in each system by using the element relationship and the risk decomposition model in the system to obtain the risk grade of the elements in each system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a risk level assessment decomposition method and device based on vehicle powertrain functions.
Background
The number of electronic/electrical systems (E/E) on automobiles is increasing, wherein airbag systems, brake systems, chassis control systems, powertrain control systems, and drive-by-wire systems are all safety-related systems. When the system function is invalid, the system must be switched into a safe state or a degraded mode, and casualties caused by the invalid system function are avoided. In order to implement the functional Safety design of the electronic/electrical system on the vehicle, an important step in the early stage is to perform hazard analysis and risk assessment on the system, identify the hazard of the system, and evaluate the risk Level of the hazard, namely, the Safety integrity Level of the vehicle. The ASIL level determines the requirement on the system security, and the higher the ASIL level, the higher the security requirement on the system, and the higher the cost for realizing security, which means that the higher the diagnostic coverage of hardware, the stricter the development process, the increased corresponding development cost, the prolonged development period, and the strict technical requirement. The risk level decomposition, a method of lowering the ASIL level on the premise of satisfying the security objective, can solve the above-described difficulties in development.
However, at present, when the risk level assessment and risk level decomposition of the vehicle are performed, the assessment and risk level decomposition are mainly performed according to the relevant requirements in the ISO26262 standard, but the definition of the assessment and decomposition of the risk level is very abstract, so that an objective and effective risk level decomposition scheme cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a risk grade evaluation decomposition method and device based on a vehicle powertrain function, which are used for solving or partially solving the technical problem that the risk grade decomposition cannot be effectively carried out at present.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a risk level assessment decomposition method based on vehicle powertrain functions, which comprises the following steps:
inputting the functions, the failure modes and the operation scenes into a risk analysis model to analyze the risk grade, and obtaining the risk grade corresponding to the functions;
according to the risk level corresponding to the function, carrying out risk level decomposition on each system which is in a power assembly framework and is related to the function by using a system relation and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of each system;
and carrying out risk grade decomposition on the elements in each system by using the element relationship and the risk decomposition model in the system to obtain the risk grade of the elements in each system.
Preferably, the decomposing the risk level of each system in the powertrain architecture and related to the function by using the system relationship and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of each system specifically includes:
determining a function implementation architecture of the function;
extracting system relationship from the function realization architecture;
analyzing whether the function is realized by a series structure among the systems or a parallel structure among the systems;
and performing risk grade decomposition according to the serial structures among the systems or the parallel structures among the systems to obtain the risk grade of each system.
Preferably, the risk grade decomposition according to the series structure or the parallel structure to obtain the risk grade of each system specifically includes:
if the functions are realized through a serial structure among the systems, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the functions;
and if the systems are realized through a parallel structure, performing risk grade decomposition on the systems according to a risk decomposition criterion.
Preferably, the performing risk level decomposition on the elements inside each system by using the intra-system element relationship and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of the elements inside each system specifically includes:
for each system, determining a basic architecture of the system;
extracting element relations from the basic architecture of the system;
determining whether the system is realized by a series structure among elements or a parallel structure among the elements when the system realizes the function;
and obtaining the risk grade of each element in the system according to the serial structure among the elements or the parallel structure among the elements.
Preferably, the obtaining the risk level of each element inside the system according to the series structure between the elements or the parallel structure between the elements specifically includes:
if the elements are realized through a serial structure, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the system;
and if the elements are realized through a parallel structure, decomposing the elements according to a risk decomposition criterion.
The invention provides a risk level evaluation and decomposition device based on vehicle powertrain functions, comprising:
the first determining module is used for inputting the functions, the failure modes and the operation scenes into a risk analysis model to analyze the risk level to obtain the risk level corresponding to the functions;
the second determining module is used for carrying out risk grade decomposition on each system which is in the power assembly framework and is related to the function by utilizing a system relation and risk decomposition model according to the risk grade corresponding to the function to obtain the risk grade of each system;
and the third determining module is used for performing risk grade decomposition on the elements in each system by using the element relationship and risk decomposition model in the system to obtain the risk grade of the elements in each system.
Preferably, the second determining module is specifically configured to:
analyzing whether the function is realized by a series structure among the systems or a parallel structure among the systems;
and performing risk grade decomposition according to the serial structures among the systems or the parallel structures among the systems to obtain the risk grade of each system.
Preferably, the second determining module is specifically configured to:
if the functions are realized through a serial structure among the systems, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the functions;
and if the systems are realized through a parallel structure, performing risk grade decomposition on the systems according to a risk decomposition criterion.
Preferably, the third determining module is specifically configured to:
for each system, determining whether the system is realized by a series structure among elements or a parallel structure among the elements when the system realizes the function;
and obtaining the risk grade of each element in the system according to the serial structure among the elements or the parallel structure among the elements.
Preferably, the third determining module is specifically configured to:
if the elements are realized through a serial structure, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the system;
and if the elements are realized through a parallel structure, decomposing the elements according to a risk decomposition criterion.
Through one or more technical schemes of the invention, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
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Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a risk level decomposition diagram according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a risk classification decomposition method based on vehicle powertrain functionality, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates an inter-system risk decomposition diagram according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates an intra-system risk decomposition diagram according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a risk decomposition principle schematic according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic of a risk classification decomposition device based on vehicle powertrain functionality, according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.
The invention provides a risk grade decomposition method and device based on vehicle powertrain functions. According to the method, a vehicle risk grade decomposition process is extracted into a corresponding risk grade decomposition model based on the architecture, the function, the failure mode and the operation scene of the vehicle power assembly, and the risk grade of each system and elements thereof is effectively decomposed by extracting and inputting example values of key parameters based on a risk analysis model, a system relation and risk decomposition model and an intra-system element relation and risk decomposition model, so that a risk grade decomposition scheme of the vehicle power assembly is quickly obtained. The risk classification decomposition process of the method is shown in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:
step 101, inputting the function, the failure mode and the operation scene into a risk analysis model to analyze the risk level, and obtaining the risk level corresponding to the function.
In a specific implementation process, there are several failure modes affecting functional failure, and the same failure mode may occur in various operation scenarios. Therefore, any difference among the functions, the failure modes and the operation scenes can generate different risk levels.
Therefore, as an alternative embodiment, a mapping relationship of functions, failure modes, operation scenarios and risk level ASIL levels is constructed in the risk analysis model, for example, fig. 1. According to the mapping relation, ASIL grades corresponding to functions can be obtained.
As an alternative embodiment, the present embodiment is based on the formula
To determine the ASIL level to which the function corresponds. Wherein, f0: probability of failure of the electronic component, λ: social acceptance level, E: running scene occurrence probability; the occurrence probability irrelevant to the scene is E4, the occurrence probability is gradually decreased according to the number of the scene conditions, and the occurrence probability is decreased by one grade every time the scene conditions are increased. C: the handling capacity (controllability) of the driver and the pedestrian, the handling capacity determining the grade according to the conditions of the vehicle speed and the front-rear vehicle distance. S: the severity of failures such as brake failure, steering failure, sudden increase in power, sudden decrease in power battery burn, etc. is S3, and similarly effective failures are taken as S3.
As can be seen, the present embodiment passes the comparison criteria of risk levels
The levels of S, E, C are restricted, and the ASIL level is determined according to the levels of S, E, C, so that the risk level of the function can be accurately graded.
The following embodiment describes the construction process of the formula.
First, the following formula is defined to evaluate risk:
f x S ≦ λ equation 1
Wherein f: probability of accident occurrence, S: severity, λ: social acceptance level.
And the probability f of the accident needs to be comprehensively considered from three aspects: the probability f0 of failure of the electronic components, the probability E of occurrence of operation scenes, and the processing capacity C of drivers and pedestrians. Thus:
f＝f0formula 2 of X E X C
Further, formula 1 is substituted into formula 2 to obtain formula 3, and the risk level is evaluated according to the following formula 3:
in a specific implementation process, describing an operation scene and a failure mode where a hazard event occurs due to the fault behavior of the function to obtain description information; in the description information, both the correct use of the vehicle and the foreseeable incorrect use of the vehicle are considered. Obtaining a corresponding hazard level according to the description information and the formula 3; wherein, the hazard level comprises three indexes, which are respectively: s, E, C are provided. The 3 indexes are constrained according to the above formula 3, and in each index, different description information corresponds to different levels, for example, the occurrence probability independent of the scene is E4, the occurrence probability is gradually decreased according to the number of the scene conditions, and the occurrence probability is decreased by one level when the scene conditions are increased by one item. For another example, the severity of the failure such as braking failure, steering failure, sudden increase in power, sudden decrease in power, battery burn, etc. is S3, and the failure with similar effects is S3.
And after the hazard level corresponding to the description information is obtained, determining a corresponding risk level ASIL level according to the hazard level. Wherein S, E, C has a mapping relationship with the ASIL level. And determining the ASIL grade according to the hazard grade corresponding to the description information and the mapping relation after the ASIL grade is determined by synthesizing S, E, C three parameters.
And 102, according to the risk level corresponding to the function, carrying out risk level decomposition on each system which is in the power assembly framework and is related to the function by using a system relation and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of each system.
Specifically, after the risk level analysis corresponding to the function is completed, the risk level decomposition is performed according to the relationship of each system in the powertrain architecture related to the function, and the process is completed in the system relationship and risk decomposition model.
And in the decomposition process, determining the function implementation architecture of the function. The system relationship extraction is performed from the function implementation architecture, and the interrelation between the systems corresponding to the function is determined, for example, the functions are implemented by the system 1, the system 2, the …, and the system n. Further, the analysis function is realized through a series structure (namely, a sequential time relationship- 'OR (OR)') between the systems, OR through a parallel structure (namely, a simultaneous operation- 'AND)') of the systems. AND then according to the correspondence of the functions, the failure modes AND the risk levels in the previous step, performing risk level decomposition according to an AND (AND) relation (the function failure is caused when all the systems realizing the functions simultaneously work AND fail, AND the failure does not have a common cause relation OR a cascade relation), OR an OR (OR) relation (the function failure is caused by the failure of one system in all the systems realizing the functions), AND obtaining the risk levels of all the systems.
Further, if the systems are realized through a parallel structure, risk grade decomposition is carried out on the systems according to a risk decomposition criterion. That is, all systems that implement this functionality in the "AND (AND)" relationship perform risk decomposition according to risk decomposition criteria.
If the system is realized through a serial structure, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the function. Specifically, all systems implementing this function in the "OR" (OR) relationship inherit the risk level of the upper layers. The processing principle of the system relationship and risk decomposition model is shown in fig. 3.
And 103, performing risk grade decomposition on the elements in each system by using the element relationship and the risk decomposition model in each system to obtain the risk grade of the elements in each system.
After the risk grade decomposition of each system is completed, the risk grade decomposition in the system is carried out for each system, and the element relationship in the system and the risk decomposition model are adopted for decomposition in the process.
In the decomposition process, determining the basic architecture of each system; element relationship extraction is performed from the basic architecture of each system based on the basic architecture within the system. For example, the system is implemented by element 1, element 2, …, element n. The elements of the embodiment refer to electronic devices, electrical devices AND the like, AND when the system is analyzed to realize functions, the functions are realized through a series structure (namely, a sequential time relationship- "OR (OR)" relationship) among the elements, OR through a parallel structure (namely, a simultaneous operation- "AND (AND)" relationship) among the elements. AND then performing risk level decomposition according to an AND (AND) relation (the elements work simultaneously AND fail at the same time to cause functional failure, AND the failure has no common cause relation OR cascade relation), OR an OR (OR) relation (one element in each element fails to cause functional failure).
Further, if the elements are realized through a parallel structure, the elements are decomposed according to a risk decomposition criterion. Specifically, all elements in the "AND (AND)" relationship are risk decomposed according to a risk decomposition criterion.
If the elements are realized through a series structure, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the system. Specifically, all elements in the "OR" (OR) relationship inherit the risk level of the upper system. The principle of implementation of the model of element relationship and risk decomposition in a system is shown in fig. 4.
And inputting example values of key parameters based on the model of the system relationship and risk decomposition and the model of the element relationship and risk decomposition in the system, and rapidly obtaining a risk grade decomposition scheme of the vehicle powertrain through risk analysis and risk decomposition. A schematic diagram of the risk analysis and risk decomposition process based on the key parameters is shown in fig. 5.
In this embodiment, the key parameters include: a function implementation architecture, and a basic architecture of systems implementing the function. After inputting the specific example value of the architecture, the risk level decomposition scheme can be rapidly obtained.
Based on the same inventive concept, referring to fig. 6, the following embodiments disclose a risk level assessment decomposition device based on vehicle powertrain functions, comprising:
a first determining module 601, configured to input a function, a failure mode, and an operation scenario into a risk analysis model to perform risk level analysis, so as to obtain a risk level corresponding to the function;
a second determining module 602, configured to perform risk level decomposition on each system that is in a power assembly architecture and is related to the function by using a system relationship and risk decomposition model according to the risk level corresponding to the function, so as to obtain a risk level of each system;
a third determining module 603, configured to perform risk level decomposition on the elements inside each system by using the intra-system element relationship and the risk decomposition model, so as to obtain a risk level of the elements inside each system.
As an optional embodiment, the second determining module is specifically configured to:
analyzing whether the function is realized by a series structure among the systems or a parallel structure among the systems;
and performing risk grade decomposition according to the serial structures among the systems or the parallel structures among the systems to obtain the risk grade of each system.
As an optional embodiment, the second determining module is specifically configured to:
if the functions are realized through a serial structure among the systems, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the functions;
and if the systems are realized through a parallel structure, performing risk grade decomposition on the systems according to a risk decomposition criterion.
As an optional embodiment, the third determining module is specifically configured to:
for each system, determining whether the system is realized by a series structure among elements or a parallel structure among the elements when the system realizes the function;
and obtaining the risk grade of each element in the system according to the serial structure among the elements or the parallel structure among the elements.
As an optional embodiment, the third determining module is specifically configured to:
if the elements are realized through a serial structure, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the system;
and if the elements are realized through a parallel structure, decomposing the elements according to a risk decomposition criterion.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A risk rating decomposition method based on vehicle powertrain functions, the method comprising:
inputting the functions, the failure modes and the operation scenes into a risk analysis model to analyze the risk grade, and obtaining the risk grade corresponding to the functions;
according to the risk level corresponding to the function, carrying out risk level decomposition on each system which is in a power assembly framework and is related to the function by using a system relation and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of each system;
and carrying out risk grade decomposition on the elements in each system by using the element relationship and the risk decomposition model in the system to obtain the risk grade of the elements in each system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the risk level decomposition of each system in the powertrain architecture and related to the function using the system relationship and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of each system comprises:
determining a function implementation architecture of the function;
extracting system relationship from the function realization architecture;
analyzing whether the function is realized by a series structure among the systems or a parallel structure among the systems;
and performing risk grade decomposition according to the serial structures among the systems or the parallel structures among the systems to obtain the risk grade of each system.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the risk level decomposition according to the series structure or the parallel structure to obtain the risk level of each system specifically comprises:
if the functions are realized through a serial structure among the systems, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the functions;
and if the systems are realized through a parallel structure, performing risk grade decomposition on the systems according to a risk decomposition criterion.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the performing risk level decomposition on the elements inside each system by using the intra-system element relationship and risk decomposition model to obtain the risk level of the elements inside each system specifically includes:
for each system, determining a basic architecture of the system;
extracting element relations from the basic architecture of the system;
determining whether the system is realized by a series structure among elements or a parallel structure among the elements when the system realizes the function;
and obtaining the risk grade of each element in the system according to the serial structure among the elements or the parallel structure among the elements.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein obtaining the risk level of each element inside the system according to the serial structure between each element or the parallel structure between each element comprises:
if the elements are realized through a serial structure, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the system;
and if the elements are realized through a parallel structure, decomposing the elements according to a risk decomposition criterion.
6. A risk classification breakdown device based on vehicle powertrain functions, the device comprising:
the first determining module is used for inputting the functions, the failure modes and the operation scenes into a risk analysis model to analyze the risk level to obtain the risk level corresponding to the functions;
the second determining module is used for carrying out risk grade decomposition on each system which is in the power assembly framework and is related to the function by utilizing a system relation and risk decomposition model according to the risk grade corresponding to the function to obtain the risk grade of each system;
and the third determining module is used for performing risk grade decomposition on the elements in each system by using the element relationship and risk decomposition model in the system to obtain the risk grade of the elements in each system.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second determining module is specifically configured to:
analyzing whether the function is realized by a series structure among the systems or a parallel structure among the systems;
and performing risk grade decomposition according to the serial structures among the systems or the parallel structures among the systems to obtain the risk grade of each system.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the second determining module is specifically configured to:
if the functions are realized through a serial structure among the systems, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the functions;
and if the systems are realized through a parallel structure, performing risk grade decomposition on the systems according to a risk decomposition criterion.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the third determining module is specifically configured to:
for each system, determining whether the system is realized by a series structure among elements or a parallel structure among the elements when the system realizes the function;
and obtaining the risk grade of each element in the system according to the serial structure among the elements or the parallel structure among the elements.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the third determining module is specifically configured to:
if the elements are realized through a serial structure, inheriting the risk level corresponding to the system;
and if the elements are realized through a parallel structure, decomposing the elements according to a risk decomposition criterion.
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