CN113705258B - Method for exchanging data between reader and RFID tag - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阅读器与RFID标签间数据交换方法,涉及RFID数据处理技术领域,解决现有数据交换吞吐率低的技术问题,包括选择阶段、盘存阶段;所述选择阶段中,阅读器向RFID标签发送Select指令,Select指令中嵌入下行控制命令,该阶段对RFID标签群进行划分,并选择一个RFID标签群进入盘存阶段;盘存阶段中,阅读器从进入盘存阶段的RFID标签获取EPC,EPC表示电子产品代码,且EPC内嵌有上行数据,阅读器根据获取的EPC选中RFID标签进行读写操作;本发明具体吞吐率高和数据交换效率高的优点。
The invention discloses a data exchange method between a reader and an RFID tag, relates to the technical field of RFID data processing, and solves the technical problem of low throughput rate of existing data exchange, including a selection stage and an inventory stage; in the selection stage, the reader Send the Select command to the RFID tag, and the Select command embeds the downlink control command. In this stage, the RFID tag group is divided, and an RFID tag group is selected to enter the inventory stage; in the inventory stage, the reader obtains the EPC from the RFID tag entering the inventory stage, EPC represents the electronic product code, and EPC is embedded with uplink data, and the reader selects the RFID tag for reading and writing operations according to the obtained EPC; the present invention has the advantages of high specific throughput rate and high data exchange efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及RFID数据处理技术领域,更具体的是涉及阅读器与RFID标签间数据交换方法技术领域。The invention relates to the technical field of RFID data processing, and more particularly to the technical field of data exchange methods between readers and RFID tags.
背景技术Background technique
RFID是通过阅读器与标签直接非接触式的数据通信,从而达到识别的目的的一种技术。随着5G、云计算、大数据、传感器等数字化技术应用的高速发展,为RFID的规模化应用,其在身份识别、物流、交通、防伪、食品以及资产管理等方面有着广泛的应用。RFID is a technology that achieves the purpose of identification through direct non-contact data communication between the reader and the tag. With the rapid development of digital technology applications such as 5G, cloud computing, big data, and sensors, the large-scale application of RFID has a wide range of applications in identification, logistics, transportation, anti-counterfeiting, food, and asset management.
传统的使用的技术中,阅读器与RFID标签的通信中,阅读器与RFID标签利用Access阶段的Read/Write指令来交换数据,然而,这样的方式吞吐量并不高,数据交换能力和吞吐量还有待改进。In the traditional technology used, in the communication between the reader and the RFID tag, the reader and the RFID tag use the Read/Write command in the Access stage to exchange data. However, the throughput of this method is not high, and the data exchange capability and throughput There is room for improvement.
通过对通信方式进行改进,可以提升数据交换的吞吐率和效率。By improving the communication method, the throughput and efficiency of data exchange can be improved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于:提升阅读器与RFID标签间的数据交换吞吐率,为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种阅读器与RFID标签间数据交换方法。The purpose of the present invention is to improve the data exchange throughput between the reader and the RFID tag. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a data exchange method between the reader and the RFID tag.
本发明为了实现上述目的具体采用以下技术方案:The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions in order to achieve the above object:
一种阅读器与RFID标签间数据交换方法,包括选择阶段,盘存阶段;A data exchange method between a reader and an RFID tag, including a selection stage and an inventory stage;
所述选择阶段中,阅读器向RFID标签发送Select指令,Select指令中嵌入下行控制命令,该阶段对RFID标签群进行划分,并选择一个RFID标签群进入盘存阶段;In the selection stage, the reader sends a Select command to the RFID tag, and the Select command is embedded with a downlink control command. This stage divides the RFID tag group, and selects an RFID tag group to enter the inventory stage;
所述盘存阶段中,阅读器从进入盘存阶段的RFID标签获取EPC,EPC表示电子产品代码,且EPC内嵌有上行数据,阅读器根据获取的EPC选中RFID标签进行读写操作。In the inventory stage, the reader obtains the EPC from the RFID tag entering the inventory stage, and the EPC represents the electronic product code, and the EPC is embedded with uplink data, and the reader selects the RFID tag for reading and writing operations according to the obtained EPC.
优选地,所述盘存阶段的具体步骤为:Preferably, the specific steps of the inventory stage are:
步骤S1:由阅读器向RFID标签发送Query指令,Query指令包括Q,Q的值为阅读器预估的RFID标签数量;Step S1: The reader sends a Query command to the RFID tag, the Query command includes Q, and the value of Q is the estimated number of RFID tags by the reader;
步骤S2:RFID标签在0到2Q-1中产生一个随机数,产生的随机数为0的标签向阅读器回复RN16,否则不做回复;Step S2: The RFID tag generates a random number from 0 to 2 Q -1, and the generated tag with a random number of 0 replies RN16 to the reader, otherwise no reply is made;
步骤S3:如果有RFID标签进行回复进入步骤S6,若无RFID标签进行回复进入S4,若多个RFID标签回复且起冲突则由阅读器发送QueryAjust指令修改Q返回步骤S2;Step S3: If there is an RFID tag to reply, go to step S6, if there is no RFID tag to reply, go to S4, if multiple RFID tags reply and conflict, the reader sends a QueryAjust command to modify Q and returns to step S2;
步骤S4:阅读器向RFID标签发送QueryRep指令,收到QueryRep指令的RFID标签产生的随机数减1,随机数为0的标签向阅读器回复RN16,否则不做回复;Step S4: The reader sends a QueryRep command to the RFID tag, the random number generated by the RFID tag receiving the QueryRep command is decremented by 1, and the tag with a random number of 0 replies RN16 to the reader, otherwise no reply is made;
步骤S5:若有RFID标签进行回复进入步骤S6,若无RFID标签进行回复或若多个RFID标签回复且起冲突,则由阅读器发送QueryAjust指令修改Q返回步骤S2;Step S5: If there is an RFID tag to reply, go to step S6, if there is no RFID tag to reply or if multiple RFID tags reply and conflict, then the reader sends the QueryAjust command to modify Q and returns to step S2;
步骤S6:阅读器收到RN16指令,向RFID标签发送ACK指令,RFID回复EPC指令。Step S6: The reader receives the RN16 command, sends an ACK command to the RFID tag, and the RFID replies with the EPC command.
优选地,所述Select指令的字段包括Command、Target、Action、MemBank、Pointer、Length、Mask、Truncate和CRC-16。Preferably, the fields of the Select command include Command, Target, Action, MemBank, Pointer, Length, Mask, Truncate and CRC-16.
优选地,在所述Select指令中嵌入所述下行控制命令的具体方法为:将所述下行控制命令写入Select指令的所述Mask字段,并将所述MemBank字段设置为01,即选择所述EPC作为RFID标签上的掩码存储区域。Preferably, the specific method of embedding the downlink control command in the Select command is: write the downlink control command into the Mask field of the Select command, and set the MemBank field to 01, that is, select the The EPC acts as a mask storage area on the RFID tag.
本发明的有益效果如下:The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
通过在Select指令中嵌入下行控制命令,在EPC中嵌入上行数据,提高了阅读器和RFID之间的数据吞吐效率,相比传统数据交换方法,无需进入访问阶段;盘存阶段的步骤避免了冲突的发生,使得数据交换有序进行,避免无效交换,进一步提高了效率;在Select的Mask字段嵌入下行控制命令,实施简单,易推广可应用范围广泛;设置Membank字段选择EPC为掩码存储区域,嵌入上行数据简单便捷。By embedding downlink control commands in the Select command and uplink data in the EPC, the data throughput efficiency between the reader and RFID is improved. Compared with the traditional data exchange method, there is no need to enter the access phase; the steps in the inventory phase avoid conflicts. occur, so that the data exchange is carried out in an orderly manner, avoiding invalid exchange, and further improving the efficiency; the downlink control command is embedded in the Mask field of Select, which is simple to implement, easy to promote and has a wide range of applications; set the Membank field to select EPC as the mask storage area, and embed Uplink data is simple and convenient.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是实施例1的阅读器与RFID标签间数据交换示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of data exchange between a reader and an RFID tag in Embodiment 1.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.
因此,以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示,本实施例提供一种阅读器与RFID标签间数据交换方法,包括选择阶段,盘存阶段;As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a data exchange method between a reader and an RFID tag, including a selection stage and an inventory stage;
所述选择阶段中,阅读器向RFID标签发送Select指令,Select指令中嵌入下行控制命令,该阶段对RFID标签群进行划分,并选择一个RFID标签群进入盘存阶段;In the selection stage, the reader sends a Select command to the RFID tag, and the Select command is embedded with a downlink control command. This stage divides the RFID tag group, and selects an RFID tag group to enter the inventory stage;
具体地,在本实施例中,优选地,所述盘存阶段的具体步骤为:Specifically, in this embodiment, preferably, the specific steps of the inventory phase are:
步骤S1:由阅读器向RFID标签发送Query指令,Query指令包括Q,Q的值为阅读器预估的RFID标签数量;Step S1: The reader sends a Query command to the RFID tag, the Query command includes Q, and the value of Q is the estimated number of RFID tags by the reader;
步骤S2:RFID标签在0到2Q-1中产生一个随机数,产生的随机数为0的标签向阅读器回复RN16,否则不做回复;Step S2: The RFID tag generates a random number from 0 to 2 Q -1, and the generated tag with a random number of 0 replies RN16 to the reader, otherwise no reply is made;
步骤S3:如果有RFID标签进行回复进入步骤S6,若无RFID标签进行回复进入S4,若多个RFID标签回复且起冲突则由阅读器发送QueryAjust指令修改Q返回步骤S2;Step S3: If there is an RFID tag to reply, go to step S6, if there is no RFID tag to reply, go to S4, if multiple RFID tags reply and conflict, the reader sends a QueryAjust command to modify Q and returns to step S2;
步骤S4:阅读器向RFID标签发送QueryRep指令,收到QueryRep指令的RFID标签产生的随机数减1,随机数为0的标签向阅读器回复RN16,否则不做回复;Step S4: The reader sends a QueryRep command to the RFID tag, the random number generated by the RFID tag receiving the QueryRep command is decremented by 1, and the tag with a random number of 0 replies RN16 to the reader, otherwise no reply is made;
步骤S5:若有RFID标签进行回复进入步骤S6,若无RFID标签进行回复或若多个RFID标签回复且起冲突,则由阅读器发送QueryAjust指令修改Q返回步骤S2;Step S5: If there is an RFID tag to reply, go to step S6, if there is no RFID tag to reply or if multiple RFID tags reply and conflict, then the reader sends the QueryAjust command to modify Q and returns to step S2;
步骤S6:阅读器收到RN16指令,向RFID标签发送ACK指令,RFID回复EPC指令。Step S6: The reader receives the RN16 command, sends an ACK command to the RFID tag, and the RFID replies with the EPC command.
所述盘存阶段中,阅读器从进入盘存阶段的RFID标签获取EPC,EPC表示电子产品代码,且EPC内嵌有返回的上行数据;阅读器根据获取的EPC选中RFID标签进行读写操作。In the inventory stage, the reader obtains the EPC from the RFID tag entering the inventory stage, and the EPC represents the electronic product code, and the returned uplink data is embedded in the EPC; the reader selects the RFID tag according to the obtained EPC to perform read and write operations.
作为本实施例的优选方案,所述Select指令的字段包括Command、Target、Action、MemBank、Pointer、Length、Mask、Truncate和CRC-16,Select指令的字段及其各自的位数参阅下表1,其中,Select指令以内容为1010的Command字段开头为标记,MemBank字段的作用是为掩码选择RFID标签上的存储区域,Pointer字段为掩码指定在对应存储区域的偏移量,也就是说表示掩码将从该处开始比对,Length字段指定了掩码的长度,单位为bit,Mask为掩码,在本实施例中,在阅读器发出Select指令后无需RFID标签进行回复:As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the fields of the Select command include Command, Target, Action, MemBank, Pointer, Length, Mask, Truncate and CRC-16, and the fields of the Select command and their respective digits refer to the following table 1, Among them, the Select command starts with the Command field whose content is 1010 as the mark, the function of the MemBank field is to select the storage area on the RFID tag for the mask, and the Pointer field specifies the offset in the corresponding storage area for the mask, that is to say, The mask will be compared from here. The Length field specifies the length of the mask, the unit is bit, and Mask is the mask. In this embodiment, there is no need for the RFID tag to reply after the reader sends the Select command:
表1:Select指令字段Table 1: Select command fields
特别说明的是,在所述Select指令中嵌入所述下行控制命令的具体方法可以为:将所述下行控制命令写入Select指令的所述Mask字段,Mask字段是可以根据用户需求进行指定的,这里将所述MemBank字段设置为01,即选择所述EPC作为RFID标签上的掩码存储区域,标签提取该字段进行解析,并且将下行控制命令传输给需要读取的传感器,以达成对传感器的控制,传感器按照字段设置将返回的数据嵌入EPC中。在数据交换流程中,阅读器会对收到的EPC和提前设置的Mask掩码进行比对,比对通过的EPC才会被进一步发送到远程电脑端。In particular, the specific method of embedding the downlink control command in the Select command may be: write the downlink control command into the Mask field of the Select command, and the Mask field can be specified according to user requirements, Here, the MemBank field is set to 01, that is, the EPC is selected as the mask storage area on the RFID tag, the tag extracts this field for analysis, and transmits the downlink control command to the sensor that needs to be read, so as to achieve the sensor’s Control, the sensor embeds the returned data into the EPC according to the field settings. During the data exchange process, the reader will compare the received EPC with the Mask mask set in advance, and the EPC that passes the comparison will be further sent to the remote computer.
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