CN113705257A - RFID (radio frequency identification) tag system integrating sensing and identification - Google Patents

RFID (radio frequency identification) tag system integrating sensing and identification Download PDF

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CN113705257A
CN113705257A CN202110974426.7A CN202110974426A CN113705257A CN 113705257 A CN113705257 A CN 113705257A CN 202110974426 A CN202110974426 A CN 202110974426A CN 113705257 A CN113705257 A CN 113705257A
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mode
switch
identification
state machine
resistor
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鲁力
李松璠
孟千贺
白彦序
张翀
宋一杭
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10237—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the reader and the record carrier being capable of selectively switching between reader and record carrier appearance, e.g. in near field communication [NFC] devices where the NFC device may function as an RFID reader or as an RFID tag

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种集感知与识别于一体的RFID标签系统，涉及RFID标签技术领域，目的是实现由一个RFID系统同时实现读取标签储存的信息和环境感知两个功能，射频前端模块的输入端与阅读器通过射频信号通信连接，射频前端模块的输出端连接到模式切换开关的公共触点，模式切换开关的第一触点连接识别模式协议状态机，模式切换开关的第二触点连接到感知模式协议状态机，感知模式协议状态机通过标准总线连接到传感器模块；识别模式协议状态机为识别模式提供协议，感知模式协议状态机为感知模式提供协议，实现了阅读器设置或更改标签上存储的与读取对象相关的信息，以及阅读器通过标签获取环境参数。

Figure 202110974426

The invention discloses an RFID tag system integrating perception and identification, and relates to the technical field of RFID tags. The terminal and the reader are connected by radio frequency signal communication, the output terminal of the radio frequency front-end module is connected to the common contact of the mode switch, the first contact of the mode switch is connected to the identification mode protocol state machine, and the second contact of the mode switch is connected to To the sensing mode protocol state machine, the sensing mode protocol state machine is connected to the sensor module through the standard bus; the identification mode protocol state machine provides the protocol for the identification mode, and the sensing mode protocol state machine provides the protocol for the sensing mode, which enables the reader to set or change the label The information related to the read object stored on the reader, and the reader obtains the environment parameters through the tag.

Figure 202110974426

Description

RFID (radio frequency identification) tag system integrating sensing and identification
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of RFID (radio frequency identification) tags, in particular to the technical field of an RFID tag system integrating perception and identification.
Background
RFID is a technology for achieving identification by direct contactless data communication between a reader and a tag. With the rapid development of the application of 5G, cloud computing, big data, sensors and other digital technologies, the method is a large-scale application of RFID, and meanwhile, RFID sensing tags with sensing capability are produced, and the method has wide application in the aspects of identity recognition, logistics, traffic, anti-counterfeiting, food and asset management and the like.
In general, when a reader and a tag are connected, the reader cannot directly acquire environmental data, such as environmental humidity and the like. In order to expand the data reading capability of the RFID, the reader can set or change the information related to the object stored on the tag like the conventional RFID, and can acquire the environment data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides an RFID label system integrating sensing and identification, which realizes two functions of reading information stored in a label and sensing environment by one RFID system.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted:
an RFID label system integrating sensing and identification comprises a sensor module, a reader and a label, wherein the label comprises a radio frequency front end module, a mode selector switch, an identification mode protocol state machine and a sensing mode protocol state machine; the mode change-over switch is a single-pole double-throw switch;
the input end of the radio frequency front-end module is in communication connection with a reader through a radio frequency signal, the output end of the radio frequency front-end module is connected to a common contact of a mode selector switch, a first contact of the mode selector switch is connected with an identification mode protocol state machine, a second contact of the mode selector switch is connected to a sensing mode protocol state machine, and the sensing mode protocol state machine is connected to the sensor module through a standard bus;
the identification mode protocol state machine provides a protocol for the identification mode, the perception mode protocol state machine provides a protocol for the perception mode, the reader sets or changes information which is stored on the tag and is related to a read object during the identification mode, and the reader obtains environmental parameters through the tag during the perception mode.
Preferably, the standard bus adopts an SPI bus.
Preferably, the rf front-end module includes an integrator, a discriminator, an inverter, and an SPI adaptation circuit, signals sent by the reader are input from inputs of the integrator and the inverter, an output of the integrator is connected to an input of the discriminator, an output of the discriminator is connected to an input of the SPI adaptation circuit, and the rf front-end module outputs a clock signal and a bus signal.
Preferably, the SPI adapter circuit includes a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a second comparator, a first switch and a second switch, one end of the first resistor is used as an input end of the SPI adapter circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected to an input end of the second comparator, an output end of the second comparator is used as an output end of the SPI adapter circuit, one ends of the second resistor, the first capacitor and the third resistor are all connected to a line between the first resistor and the second comparator, the other ends of the second resistor and the third resistor are respectively connected to one end of the first switch and one end of the second switch, and the other end of the first switch, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the second switch are grounded; the first switch is controlled by the clock signal and the second switch is controlled by the bus signal.
Preferably, in the identification mode, a gen-2 protocol is adopted to realize information exchange between the reader and the tag.
Preferably, in the sensing mode, the reader sends information to the tag through a Select instruction.
Preferably, the mode switch is controlled by a mode switching command issued by the reader.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize two modes of the recognition mode and the perception mode by setting the recognition mode protocol state machine and the perception mode protocol state machine, and a single-pole double-throw switch is used for switching functions, and the two protocols do not work at the same time to prevent protocol conflict; the mode selector switch is directly controlled by the reader, so that the operation is more convenient and intelligent; the structural design of the radio frequency front-end module can well extract bus signals and clock signals; the sensing mode and the identification mode exchange information with the label through different information exchange modes, and the environmental sensing and the reading of the data stored in the label are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated RFID tag system of embodiment 1 with sensing and identification functions;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency front end module according to embodiment 2;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an SPI adaptation circuit according to embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In this embodiment, an RFID tag system integrating sensing and identification is shown in fig. 1, and includes a sensor module, a reader and a tag, where the tag includes a radio frequency front end module, a mode switch, an identification mode protocol state machine, and a sensing mode protocol state machine, where the mode switch, the identification mode protocol state machine, and the sensing mode protocol state machine form a protocol stack; the mode change-over switch is a single-pole double-throw switch;
the input end of the radio frequency front-end module is in communication connection with a reader through a radio frequency signal, the output end of the radio frequency front-end module is connected to a common contact of a mode selector switch, a first contact of the mode selector switch is connected with an identification mode protocol state machine, a second contact of the mode selector switch is connected to a sensing mode protocol state machine, and the sensing mode protocol state machine is connected to the sensor module through a standard bus;
the identification mode protocol state machine provides a protocol for the identification mode, the perception mode protocol state machine provides a protocol for the perception mode, the reader sets or changes information which is stored on the tag and is related to a read object during the identification mode, and the reader obtains environmental parameters through the tag during the perception mode.
Preferably, the standard bus is an SPI bus, and the mode switch is controlled by a mode switching command sent by the reader.
In the two modes, the tag and the reader have different data exchange modes to realize different functions with the assistance of different protocols.
In the embodiment, in a sensing mode, a reader sends information to a tag through a Select instruction, the tag is connected with a sensor module through a standard bus, and an RFID sends an instruction to the sensor module through the standard bus and acquires sensor data through the standard bus; the gen-2 protocol is used in the identification mode to acquire information, and the reader can realize data exchange with the tag through a Write/Read command.
When the label works, after the label obtains a mode switching instruction, the protocol state machine which works at present is closed, meanwhile, another protocol state machine is activated, after the label receives the mode switching instruction, the switch is switched to the other protocol state machine, and at any moment, the label has only one protocol state machine and is in an activated state.
Example 2
The scheme of this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is a preferred setting for a radio frequency front end module, as shown in fig. 2, the radio frequency front end module includes an integrator, a discriminator, an inverter, and an SPI adaptation circuit, signals sent by the reader are input from the inputs of the integrator and the inverter, the output of the integrator is connected to the input of the discriminator, the output of the discriminator is connected to the input of the SPI adaptation circuit, and the radio frequency front end module outputs a clock signal and a bus signal.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the SPI adapter circuit includes a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a second comparator, a first switch and a second switch, one end of the first resistor is used as an input end of the SPI adapter circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected to an input end of the second comparator, an output end of the second comparator is used as an output end of the SPI adapter circuit, one ends of the second resistor, the first capacitor and the third resistor are all connected to a line between the first resistor and the second comparator, the other ends of the second resistor and the third resistor are respectively connected to one end of the first switch and one end of the second switch, and the other end of the first switch, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the second switch are grounded; the first switch is controlled by the clock signal and the second switch is controlled by the bus signal.
The circuit uses an RC circuit to delay and compensate the data signal, and adjusts the signal to accord with the SPI protocol. When the signal input into the SPI adaptive circuit is '0', the output of the SPI adaptive circuit is also at low level; when the input is '1', the capacitor C starts to charge, the output bus signal is delayed for a period of time and then becomes high level, then when the data signal returns to low level, the clock signal comes to control the first switch K1, the second resistor R2 is connected into the circuit, the discharging speed of the RC circuit becomes slow, therefore, the output voltage of the capacitor can be higher than the threshold value of the first comparator when the clock signal exists, the bus signal can be kept to '1' when the clock signal exists, after the clock signal disappears, the second switch K2 is controlled to enable the first capacitor C1 to discharge and reset rapidly after the bus signal becomes low level, so that the next data can be processed.

Claims (7)

1.一种集感知与识别于一体的RFID标签系统,其特征在于：包括传感器模块、阅读器和标签，标签包括射频前端模块、模式切换开关、识别模式协议状态机、感知模式协议状态机；所述模式切换开关为单刀双掷开关；1. an RFID label system integrating perception and identification, is characterized in that: comprise sensor module, reader and label, label comprises radio frequency front-end module, mode switch, identification mode protocol state machine, perception mode protocol state machine; The mode switch is a single-pole double-throw switch; 所述射频前端模块的输入端与阅读器通过射频信号通信连接，射频前端模块的输出端连接到模式切换开关的公共触点，模式切换开关的第一触点连接识别模式协议状态机，模式切换开关的第二触点连接到感知模式协议状态机，感知模式协议状态机通过标准总线连接到传感器模块；The input end of the radio frequency front-end module is connected to the reader through radio frequency signal communication, the output end of the radio frequency front-end module is connected to the common contact of the mode switch, the first contact of the mode switch is connected to the identification mode protocol state machine, and the mode switches The second contact of the switch is connected to the sensing mode protocol state machine, and the sensing mode protocol state machine is connected to the sensor module through the standard bus; 识别模式协议状态机为识别模式提供协议，感知模式协议状态机为感知模式提供协议，识别模式时，阅读器设置或更改标签上存储的与读取对象相关的信息，感知模式时，阅读器通过标签获取环境参数。The identification mode protocol state machine provides the protocol for the identification mode, and the sensing mode protocol state machine provides the protocol for the sensing mode. When the identification mode is used, the reader sets or changes the information stored on the tag related to the read object. When the sensing mode is used, the reader passes the The tag gets the environment parameters. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种集感知与识别于一体的RFID标签系统,其特征在于：所述标准总线采用SPI总线。2 . The RFID tag system integrating perception and identification according to claim 1 , wherein the standard bus adopts an SPI bus. 3 . 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种集感知与识别于一体的RFID标签系统,其特征在于：所述射频前端模块包括积分器、判别器、反向器和SPI适配电路，所述阅读器发出的信号从积分器和反向器的输入端输入，积分器的输出端连接到判别器的输入端，判别器的输出端连接到SPI适配电路的输入端，射频前端模块输出时钟信号和总线信号。3. a kind of RFID tag system integrating perception and identification according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described radio frequency front-end module comprises integrator, discriminator, inverter and SPI adaptation circuit, described reading The signal sent by the integrator is input from the input end of the integrator and the inverter, the output end of the integrator is connected to the input end of the discriminator, the output end of the discriminator is connected to the input end of the SPI adapter circuit, and the RF front-end module outputs the clock signal and bus signals. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种RFID芯片，其特征在于：所述SPI适配电路包括第一电阻、第一电容、第二电阻、第三电阻、第二比较器、第一开关和第二开关，第一电阻的一端作为所述SPI适配电路的输入端，第一电阻的另一端连接到第二比较器的输入端，第二比较器的输出端作为所述SPI适配电路的输出端，第二电阻、第一电容和第三电阻的一端均连接到第一电阻和第二比较器之间的线上，第二电阻和第三电阻的另一端分别连接第一开关的一端和第二开关的一端，第一开关的另一端、第一电容的另一端和第二开关的另一端接地；第一开关由所述时钟信号控制，第二开关由所述总线信号控制。4. The RFID chip according to claim 3, wherein the SPI adaptation circuit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a second comparator, a first switch and The second switch, one end of the first resistor is used as the input end of the SPI adaptation circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the input end of the second comparator, and the output end of the second comparator is used as the SPI adaptation circuit The output terminals of the second resistor, the first capacitor and the third resistor are all connected to the line between the first resistor and the second comparator, and the other ends of the second resistor and the third resistor are respectively connected to the first switch. One end and one end of the second switch, the other end of the first switch, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the second switch are grounded; the first switch is controlled by the clock signal, and the second switch is controlled by the bus signal. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种集感知与识别于一体的RFID标签系统,其特征在于：所述识别模式中，采用gen-2协议实现阅读器和标签的信息交换。5 . The RFID tag system integrating perception and identification according to claim 1 , wherein: in the identification mode, the gen-2 protocol is used to realize the information exchange between the reader and the tag. 6 . 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种集感知与识别于一体的RFID标签系统,其特征在于：所述感知模式中，阅读器通过Select指令向标签发送信息。6 . The RFID tag system integrating sensing and identification according to claim 1 , wherein: in the sensing mode, the reader sends information to the tag through the Select instruction. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种集感知与识别于一体的RFID标签系统,其特征在于：所述模式切换开关由所述阅读器发出的模式切换指令控制。7 . The RFID tag system integrating sensing and identification according to claim 1 , wherein the mode switching switch is controlled by a mode switching instruction sent by the reader. 8 .
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Application publication date: 20211126