CN113703039A - Reverse time migration imaging method and device - Google Patents
Reverse time migration imaging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/34—Displaying seismic recordings or visualisation of seismic data or attributes
- G01V1/345—Visualisation of seismic data or attributes, e.g. in 3D cubes
Abstract
The application discloses a reverse time migration imaging method and a device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data acquired in the field, and performing prestack preprocessing on the seismic data; establishing a velocity model by using the seismic data; extracting an original shot set from the seismic data after pre-stack preprocessing according to the acquisition coordinates of the seismic data; carrying out reverse time migration by using a speed model and an original shot set; reverse time migration imaging results are constructed using reverse time migration imaging conditions that are jointly constrained by time and local construction slopes. The method and the device can ensure that the seismic data effective signals are not damaged, thereby obtaining a section with better amplitude preservation performance and obtaining an amplitude preservation imaging result aiming at the lithologic target body.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration of petroleum and natural gas, in particular to a reverse time migration imaging method and device.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
In recent years, as oil and gas exploration targets become more complex, the traditional seismic imaging method cannot realize accurate imaging of the complex exploration targets, so people gradually turn the attention to a higher-precision migration algorithm based on a wave equation. Compared with the traditional ray-based depth migration algorithm, the wave equation migration algorithm based on the one-way wave has higher precision, realizes the extrapolation of a wave field by utilizing the paraxial approximation theory of the wave equation, can realize good imaging under a specific angle, but cannot obtain good imaging by the one-way wave equation migration algorithm when the stratum is close to or even exceeds 90 degrees. The prestack reverse-time depth migration algorithm based on the double-pass waves breaks through the limitation of stratigraphic dip angles, and can well realize more accurate imaging on complex earth surfaces and complex underground geological structures.
Although the reverse time migration imaging method has very high imaging precision, the huge calculation amount, storage amount and I/O overhead of the reverse time migration imaging method cause that the method is not industrialized quickly. With the continuous development of computer hardware technology in recent years, especially the development of Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) technology breaks through the bottleneck limiting the development of reverse time migration technology, so that the reverse time migration imaging method gradually realizes the industrialized development.
The implementation of reverse time migration generally has two important steps: firstly, extrapolation of wave fields of a seismic source and a receiving point is realized in a time domain; secondly, a final imaging result is constructed by utilizing reasonable imaging conditions. Conventional reverse time migration imaging methods typically employ zero-lag based cross-correlation imaging conditions to construct imaging results, as shown in equation (1) below:
but zero-lag cross-correlation imaging conditions typically produce a significant amount of low frequency noise. Because the imaging condition based on the zero-delay cross-correlation takes the wave propagation time as a single judgment standard, all positions where the sum of the forward extrapolated wave field of the seismic source and the propagation time of the backward time extrapolated wave field of the receiving point is equal can be imaged. In fact, the conditions that the propagation time summation of the forward extrapolation wave field of the seismic source and the backward extrapolation wave field of the receiving point is equal are met along the whole ray path of wave propagation, and imaging can be generated after the cross-correlation imaging condition is applied. Because the traditional cross-correlation imaging condition only takes time as the only standard for judging imaging, if the forward extrapolation wave field and the backward extrapolation wave field in any direction with equal travel time sum meet, an imaging value exists; and the correlated imaging conditions are that after the imaging values are cross-correlated in the image space according to the time values, those imaging positions with the same wave field propagation time sum are coherently strengthened, and other positions are coherently counteracted, so that the imaging points can be obtained, and the imaging points are independent of the angle of the wave field, so that noise can be generated.
The main drawback of conventional cross-correlation imaging conditions is that they ignore the spatial coherence of the local formation of the extrapolated seismic wavefield, but rather rely solely on the extrapolated time of the wavefield for imaging, resulting in imaging between unrelated imaging points at the same time, thus creating low frequency noise. These low frequency noise can be eliminated during the wavefield propagation, either by filtering after imaging or by applying imaging conditions, however, in whichever link the low frequency noise is eliminated, the effective signal is more or less damaged, thus destroying the amplitude preservation of the seismic data.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a reverse time migration imaging method for eliminating low frequency noise and simultaneously ensuring that effective signals of seismic data are not damaged, thereby obtaining a section with better amplitude preservation and obtaining an amplitude preservation imaging result aiming at a lithologic target body, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring seismic data acquired in the field, and performing prestack preprocessing on the seismic data; establishing a velocity model by using the seismic data; extracting an original shot set from the seismic data after pre-stack preprocessing according to the acquisition coordinates of the seismic data; carrying out reverse time migration by using a speed model and an original shot set; reverse time migration imaging results are constructed using reverse time migration imaging conditions that are jointly constrained by time and local construction slopes.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a reverse time migration imaging device for eliminate low frequency noise, guaranteed simultaneously that seismic data effective signal is not hurt, thereby obtain the section of better amplitude preservation nature, can acquire the amplitude preservation imaging result to lithology target body, the device includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data acquired in the field and carrying out pre-stack preprocessing on the seismic data; the model building module is used for building a velocity model by using the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module; the shot gather extraction module is used for extracting an original shot gather from the seismic data subjected to pre-stack preprocessing according to the acquisition coordinates of the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module; the reverse-time migration imaging module is used for developing reverse-time migration by utilizing the speed model constructed by the model construction module and the original shot set extracted by the shot set extraction module; the reverse time migration imaging module is further used for constructing a reverse time migration imaging result by utilizing a reverse time migration imaging condition, and the reverse time migration imaging condition is jointly constrained by time and a local construction slope.
In the embodiment of the application, the traditional reverse time migration imaging condition is improved, besides the extrapolation time, the local structure slope attribute is increased, the reverse time migration imaging condition is constructed by utilizing the constraint of the time and the local structure slope dual attribute, the imaging result is constructed by utilizing the improved reverse time migration imaging condition, the useless imaging occurring at the same time can be effectively distinguished, so that the imaging point of the imaging result which is specifically required to be constructed is effectively distinguished, the effective suppression of low-frequency noise is realized in the process of applying the reverse time migration imaging condition, meanwhile, the effective signal of seismic data is also ensured not to be damaged, the section with better amplitude preservation is obtained, and the amplitude-preserved imaging result aiming at the lithologic target body can be obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a reverse time migration imaging method in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a monoclinic depth-velocity model in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reverse time migration imaging result obtained after a second order Laplace filter is applied to a model data imaging result obtained using conventional cross-correlation imaging conditions;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reverse time migration imaging result obtained by the reverse time migration imaging method provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is the wavefield information at the vertical line marker position of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is the wavefield information at the vertical line marker position of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse time shift imaging device in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are provided herein to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.
The embodiment of the present application provides a reverse time migration imaging method, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes steps 101 to 105:
The prestack preprocessing comprises static correction processing, prestack denoising processing and frequency extraction processing, and in an implementation mode of the embodiment of the application, the static correction processing can be firstly carried out on the seismic data to eliminate near-surface influence; then, carrying out fidelity pre-stack denoising processing on the seismic data subjected to the static correction processing; and then carrying out frequency-boosting processing on the seismic data subjected to pre-stack denoising processing so as to improve the resolution of the seismic data.
It should be noted that the three processing methods of the static correction processing, the pre-stack denoising processing, and the frequency boosting processing may be executed in any order, for example, the static correction processing, the pre-stack denoising processing, and the frequency boosting processing may be executed first, the pre-stack denoising processing, and the frequency boosting processing may also be executed first, the frequency boosting processing, and the static correction processing may also be executed first, and the execution order of the three processing methods is not limited herein.
The velocity model can be established by adopting a conventional Kirchhoff integration prestack depth migration method, and the established technology introduces how to establish the velocity model, and the method is not described herein again.
Illustratively, the constructed velocity model is shown in FIG. 2.
And 103, extracting an original shot set from the seismic data subjected to pre-stack preprocessing according to the acquisition coordinates of the seismic data.
The acquisition coordinates of the seismic data are also the actual field coordinates of the seismic data.
The original shot set may be extracted by a method provided in the prior art, which is not described herein.
And 104, developing reverse time migration by using the speed model and the original shot set.
And 105, constructing a reverse time migration imaging result by utilizing a reverse time migration imaging condition, wherein the reverse time migration imaging condition is jointly constrained by time and a local construction slope.
The inventor finds in research that if an imaging result is constructed by simultaneously using two attributes of time and local structural slope as a reverse time migration imaging condition, useless imaging occurring at the same time can be effectively distinguished, and based on the above research, the reverse time migration imaging condition jointly constrained by the two attributes of time and local structural slope is constructed.
Specifically, the reverse time shift imaging condition is obtained by the following method: respectively carrying out local slant stacking on wave fields of a seismic source and a receiving point under a four-dimensional coordinate to decompose the local construction slope and time of a seismic source function and a receiving point wave field function at each imaging point to obtain a seismic source function decomposition result and a receiving point wave field function decomposition result; and constructing a reverse time migration imaging condition jointly constrained by time and local construction slope by using the decomposition result of the source function and the decomposition result of the receiving point wave field function.
The local construction slope and time of the seismic source function at each imaging point are decomposed, and the obtained seismic source function decomposition result is as follows:
S(t,X)＝∫WS(p,t,X)dp (2)
and (3) decomposing the local construction slope and time of the receiving point wave field function at each imaging point, wherein the obtained receiving point wave field function decomposition result is as follows:
R(t,X)＝∫WR(p,t,X)dp (3)
wherein t is a time coordinate representing a vertical depth; x is a transverse coordinate; s (t, X) represents a seismic source; r (t, X) represents a receive point wavefield; wSRepresenting the source function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; wRRepresenting the receiving point wave field function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; p represents the local formation slope at the imaging point.
The reverse time migration imaging condition which is constructed by using the decomposition result of the source function and the decomposition result of the receiving point wave field function and is jointly constrained by time and local construction slope is as follows:
I(X)＝∫∫Ws(p,t,X)WR(p,t,X)dpdt (4)
wherein, i (x) represents a reverse time shift imaging result.
The reverse time migration imaging condition described in equation (4) above is achieved by decomposing the extrapolated wavefield into local partial quantities using temporal and spatial coherence at each imaging point. The extrapolation wavefield may be decomposed into local components by a variety of methods, such as curvelet transform or seislet transform, and in the embodiment of the present application, the source and receiver wavefields are decomposed by local slant stacking.
In order to more clearly see the difference between the reverse time shift imaging condition provided by the embodiment of the present application and the conventional cross-correlation imaging condition, equations (2) and (3) are respectively substituted into the conventional cross-correlation imaging condition equation (1), so as to obtain:
I(X)＝∫[∫Ws(p,t,X)dp][∫WR(p,t,X)dp]dt (5)
the difference between the reverse time shift imaging conditions of the embodiments of the present application and the conventional cross-correlation imaging conditions can be seen by comparing equations (4) and (5) above: in the reverse time migration imaging condition described in equation (4), the wavefield of each imaging point takes the local construction slope parameter p of the respective wavefield into consideration when performing cross-correlation, in which case, the wave propagation in different directions is different; in the conventional cross-correlation imaging condition described in equation (5), the propagation of waves along different directions is not fully considered, but only the overlapped part of the wave field is imaged, and the waves in all directions are overlapped in one data volume, which is the main source of low-frequency noise.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a reverse time migration imaging result by utilizing the traditional cross-correlation reverse time migration imaging condition, and then eliminating low-frequency noise by adopting Laplace filtering to obtain the reverse time migration imaging result shown in figure 3, wherein the wave field information of the position marked by a vertical line in the middle of figure 3 is shown in figure 5.
The reverse time migration imaging conditions provided by the embodiment of the application are utilized to construct a reverse time migration imaging result, imaging is directly carried out, the reverse time migration imaging result shown in fig. 4 is obtained, and wave field information of the position marked by a vertical line in the middle of fig. 4 is shown in fig. 6.
Comparing fig. 2 and fig. 4, it can be clearly seen that the difference between the reverse time migration imaging result obtained by applying the reverse time migration imaging condition provided by the present application and the reverse time migration imaging result obtained by the conventional cross-correlation condition, and it can be seen from these comparison figures that the imaging result obtained by using the reverse time migration imaging condition in the embodiment of the present application is significantly better than the imaging result obtained by the conventional cross-correlation imaging condition, and the fidelity is better, and especially the structure identification capability above the strong reflection interface is stronger.
In the embodiment of the application, the traditional reverse time migration imaging condition is improved, besides the extrapolation time, the local structure slope attribute is increased, the reverse time migration imaging condition is constructed by utilizing the constraint of the time and the local structure slope dual attribute, the imaging result is constructed by utilizing the improved reverse time migration imaging condition, the useless imaging occurring at the same time can be effectively distinguished, so that the imaging point of the imaging result which is specifically required to be constructed is effectively distinguished, the effective suppression of low-frequency noise is realized in the process of applying the reverse time migration imaging condition, meanwhile, the effective signal of seismic data is also ensured not to be damaged, the section with better amplitude preservation is obtained, and the amplitude-preserved imaging result aiming at the lithologic target body can be obtained.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a reverse time migration imaging apparatus, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus 700 includes an obtaining module 701, a model building module 702, a shot gather extracting module 703, and a reverse time migration imaging module 704.
The acquisition module 701 is configured to acquire seismic data acquired in the field, and perform pre-stack preprocessing on the seismic data.
A model building module 702, configured to build a velocity model using the seismic data acquired by the acquiring module 701.
And the shot gather extracting module 703 is configured to extract an original shot gather from the seismic data after the pre-stack preprocessing according to the acquisition coordinates of the seismic data acquired by the acquiring module 701.
And a reverse time migration imaging module 704, configured to perform reverse time migration by using the velocity model constructed by the model construction module 702 and the original shot gather extracted by the shot gather extraction module 703.
The reverse time migration imaging module 704 is further configured to construct a reverse time migration imaging result using reverse time migration imaging conditions that are jointly constrained by time and local construction slope.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the obtaining module 701 is configured to:
carrying out static correction processing on the seismic data;
carrying out pre-stack denoising processing on the seismic data subjected to the static correction processing;
and carrying out frequency extraction processing on the seismic data subjected to pre-stack denoising processing.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the reverse time migration imaging module 704 is configured to:
respectively carrying out local slant stacking on wave fields of a seismic source and a receiving point under a four-dimensional coordinate to decompose the local construction slope and time of a seismic source function and a receiving point wave field function at each imaging point to obtain a seismic source function decomposition result and a receiving point wave field function decomposition result;
and constructing a reverse time migration imaging condition jointly constrained by time and local construction slope by using the decomposition result of the source function and the decomposition result of the receiving point wave field function.
In one implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the reverse time migration imaging module 704 decomposes the local formation slope and time of the seismic source function at each imaging point, and the decomposition result of the seismic source function is: s (t, X) ═ WS(p, t, X) dp; and (3) decomposing the local construction slope and time of the receiving point wave field function at each imaging point, wherein the obtained receiving point wave field function decomposition result is as follows: r (t, X) ═ WR(p, t, X) dp; wherein t is a time coordinate representing a vertical depth; x is a transverse coordinate; s (t, X) represents a seismic source; r (t, X) represents a receive point wavefield; wSRepresenting the source function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; wRRepresenting the receiving point wave field function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; p represents the local formation slope at the imaging point.
In one implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the reverse time migration imaging condition constructed by the reverse time migration imaging module 704 using the decomposition result of the source function and the decomposition result of the receiving point wave field function and constrained by both time and local construction slope is: (x ═ jj | Ws(p,t,X)WR(p, t, X) dpdt; wherein, i (x) represents a reverse time shift imaging result.
In the embodiment of the application, the traditional reverse time migration imaging condition is improved, besides the extrapolation time, the local structure slope attribute is increased, the reverse time migration imaging condition is constructed by utilizing the constraint of the time and the local structure slope dual attribute, the imaging result is constructed by utilizing the improved reverse time migration imaging condition, the useless imaging occurring at the same time can be effectively distinguished, so that the imaging point of the imaging result which is specifically required to be constructed is effectively distinguished, the effective suppression of low-frequency noise is realized in the process of applying the reverse time migration imaging condition, meanwhile, the effective signal of seismic data is also ensured not to be damaged, the section with better amplitude preservation is obtained, and the amplitude-preserved imaging result aiming at the lithologic target body can be obtained.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, any one of the methods described in steps 101 to 105 and various implementation manners thereof is implemented.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program for executing any one of the methods described in steps 101 to 105 and various implementation manners thereof is stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are further described in detail for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method of reverse time migration imaging, the method comprising:
acquiring seismic data acquired in the field, and performing prestack preprocessing on the seismic data;
establishing a velocity model by using the seismic data;
extracting an original shot set from the seismic data after pre-stack preprocessing according to the acquisition coordinates of the seismic data;
carrying out reverse time migration by using a speed model and an original shot set;
reverse time migration imaging results are constructed using reverse time migration imaging conditions that are jointly constrained by time and local construction slopes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein pre-stack preprocessing the seismic data comprises:
carrying out static correction processing on the seismic data;
carrying out pre-stack denoising processing on the seismic data subjected to the static correction processing;
and carrying out frequency extraction processing on the seismic data subjected to pre-stack denoising processing.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the reverse time-shifted imaging conditions are obtained by:
respectively carrying out local slant stacking on wave fields of a seismic source and a receiving point under a four-dimensional coordinate to decompose the local construction slope and time of a seismic source function and a receiving point wave field function at each imaging point to obtain a seismic source function decomposition result and a receiving point wave field function decomposition result;
and constructing a reverse time migration imaging condition jointly constrained by time and local construction slope by using the decomposition result of the source function and the decomposition result of the receiving point wave field function.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the local formation slope and time at each imaging point of the source function are decomposed to obtain a source function decomposition result: s (t, X) ═ WS(p, t, X) dp; and (3) decomposing the local construction slope and time of the receiving point wave field function at each imaging point, wherein the obtained receiving point wave field function decomposition result is as follows: r (t, X) ═ WR(p, t, X) dp; wherein t is a time coordinate representing a vertical depth; x is a crossTo the coordinate; s (t, X) represents a seismic source; r (t, X) represents a receive point wavefield; wSRepresenting the source function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; wRRepresenting the receiving point wave field function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; p represents the local formation slope at the imaging point.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the reverse time migration imaging condition jointly constrained by temporal and local formation slopes constructed using the source function decomposition results and the receiver wavefield function decomposition results is: (x ═ jj | Ws(p,t,X)WR(p, t, X) dpdt; wherein, i (x) represents a reverse time shift imaging result.
6. A reverse time migration imaging apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data acquired in the field and carrying out pre-stack preprocessing on the seismic data;
the model building module is used for building a velocity model by using the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module;
the shot gather extraction module is used for extracting an original shot gather from the seismic data subjected to pre-stack preprocessing according to the acquisition coordinates of the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module;
the reverse-time migration imaging module is used for developing reverse-time migration by utilizing the speed model constructed by the model construction module and the original shot set extracted by the shot set extraction module;
the reverse time migration imaging module is further used for constructing a reverse time migration imaging result by utilizing a reverse time migration imaging condition, and the reverse time migration imaging condition is jointly constrained by time and a local construction slope.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the obtaining module is configured to:
carrying out static correction processing on the seismic data;
carrying out pre-stack denoising processing on the seismic data subjected to the static correction processing;
and carrying out frequency extraction processing on the seismic data subjected to pre-stack denoising processing.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the reverse time-shifted imaging module is configured to:
respectively carrying out local slant stacking on wave fields of a seismic source and a receiving point under a four-dimensional coordinate to decompose the local construction slope and time of a seismic source function and a receiving point wave field function at each imaging point to obtain a seismic source function decomposition result and a receiving point wave field function decomposition result;
and constructing a reverse time migration imaging condition jointly constrained by time and local construction slope by using the decomposition result of the source function and the decomposition result of the receiving point wave field function.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the reverse time migration imaging module decomposes the local formation slope and time of the source function at each imaging point to obtain a source function decomposition result as: s (t, X) ═ WS(p, t, X) dp; and (3) decomposing the local construction slope and time of the receiving point wave field function at each imaging point, wherein the obtained receiving point wave field function decomposition result is as follows: r (t, X) ═ WR(p, t, X) dp; wherein t is a time coordinate representing a vertical depth; x is a transverse coordinate; s (t, X) represents a seismic source; r (t, X) represents a receive point wavefield; wSRepresenting the source function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; wRRepresenting the receiving point wave field function after decomposition according to the local construction slope; p represents the local formation slope at the imaging point.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the reverse time migration imaging module constructs a reverse time migration imaging condition constrained by both temporal and local formation slopes using the source function decomposition results and the receive point wavefield function decomposition results as: (x ═ jj | Ws(p,t,X)WR(p, t, X) dpdt; wherein, i (x) represents a reverse time shift imaging result.
11. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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