CN113702735A - BIT self-detection circuit applied to multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a BIT self-detection circuit applied to a multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel, and belongs to the technical field of aeronautics and electrics. The invention adopts the double-path single-pole double-throw micro relay to respectively realize the effective/ineffective of discrete quantity excitation signals and the on/off control of the power supply at the input end of the optical coupler, reduces the scale and the complexity of the BIT self-detection circuit, utilizes the normally open end of the relay during the self-detection process, and effectively reduces the false alarm rate and improves the reliability of the product, wherein the normal working state of the product is the normally closed end of the relay. The design process of the circuit conforms to the forward design requirement of the aviation product, the component parameter calculation is simple, the application range is wide, and the circuit is a BIT self-detection circuit of the discrete quantity acquisition channel with good use value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation and electrical, and particularly relates to a BIT self-detection circuit applied to a multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel.
Background
The airborne electronic product is used as a core control device, is crosslinked with a large number of signals of peripheral equipment and an execution device, needs to collect a large number of discrete quantity signals inside and outside the product, and the signals are generally used as judgment bases for starting/stopping control, product state feedback and system power supply states, and have higher importance levels for some discrete quantity signals influencing the working time sequence and the states of the system. Along with the improvement of the intelligent level of an airplane, the requirement on the BIT self-detection capability of a product is higher and higher, and the BIT self-detection circuit design of a discrete quantity acquisition circuit of a controller is required. For the discrete quantity acquisition circuit, two failure modes of validity of a signal to be acquired and invalidity of an acquisition result exist, invalidity of the signal to be acquired and validity of the acquisition result, so that the discrete quantity acquisition BIT self-detection circuit needs to be capable of covering the failure modes, and meanwhile, in order to reduce influence on system work, the discrete quantity acquisition BIT detection is carried out in a power-on BIT detection mode.
The operating voltage of the on-board controller and the computer products is generally 28V, and the types of the dispersion quantity signals between the on-board products mainly comprise 28 VGND/on and 28V high/on. The signal content relates to working state, control instruction, overrun alarm, etc. Compared with bus signals, the discrete magnitude signals are higher in reliability and generally used as reference bases for system execution actions, and for some discrete magnitude signals with higher function importance level, the effectiveness of the acquisition circuit of the discrete magnitude signals has important significance for system function realization and product reliability and safety. Therefore, it is necessary to design a BIT self-test circuit to test the effectiveness of the discrete quantity acquisition function.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to design a BIT self-detection circuit applied to a multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a BIT self-detection circuit applied to a plurality of paths of discrete quantity acquisition channels, which comprises a discrete quantity excitation signal circuit, an input end power supply control circuit and an optical coupler input end isolation circuit;
the discrete magnitude excitation signal circuit comprises a diode D9 and a relay K1, the diode D9 is a rectifier diode and is used for releasing coil back electromotive force when the relay K1 is powered off, and the relay K1 is a single-pole double-throw micro relay and is used for simulating 28VGND or open discrete magnitude excitation signals and controlling effective or ineffective switching of the discrete magnitude excitation signals;
input power control circuit includes diode D10, relay K2, diode D10 is rectifier diode for when realizing relay K2 outage, the release of coil back electromotive force, relay K2 is the miniature relay of single-pole double-throw for realize the on-off control of opto-coupler input end passageway 28V power, control the break-make of opto-coupler B1 input +28V power among the opto-coupler input buffer circuit.
Preferably, the anode of the diode D9 is connected to pin 2 of the relay K1, i.e., the control coil cathode, and the cathode of the diode D9 is connected to pin 1 of the relay K1, i.e., the control coil anode; the 5 pin of the relay K1, namely the normally open end, is connected to 28VGND, and the 3 pin of the relay K1, namely the normally closed end, is suspended.
Preferably, the anode of the diode D10 is connected to pin 2 of the relay K2, i.e., the control coil cathode, and the cathode of the diode D10 is connected to pin 1 of the relay K2, i.e., the control coil anode; the 5 feet of the relay K2, namely the normally open end, are suspended, and the 3 feet of the relay K2, namely the normally closed end, are connected with a +28V power supply.
Preferably, the optical coupler input end isolation circuit comprises an optical coupler B1 and diodes D1-D8; diodes D1-D8 are anti-reverse diodes, capacitors C1-C4 are filter capacitors, the anode of diode D1 is connected with the anode of D5 and then connected with the 2 pin of the optocoupler B1, the anode of diode D2 is connected with the anode of D6 and then connected with the 4 pin of the optocoupler B1, the anode of diode D3 is connected with the anode of D7 and then connected with the 6 pin of the optocoupler B1, and the anode of diode D4 is connected with the anode of D8 and then connected with the 8 pin of the optocoupler B1; the cathodes of the diodes D1-D4 are respectively connected with an external 28VGND or an open discrete magnitude signal, and the cathodes of the diodes D5-D8 are all connected with the 4 pin of the relay K1 and are used for exciting a signal input end.
Preferably, the optical coupler input end isolation circuit further comprises resistors R1-R4 and capacitors C1-C4, the resistors R1-R4 are current-limiting resistors, one ends of the resistors R1-R4 are in short circuit connection and then are connected with the 4 pins of the relay K2, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the 7 pin of the optical coupler B1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the 5 pin of the optical coupler B1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the 3 pin of the optical coupler B1, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the 1 pin of the optical coupler B1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 1 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 2 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 3 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 4 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the pin 5 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the pin 6 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the 7 pin of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the 8 pin of the optocoupler B1.
Preferably, the optical coupler input end isolation circuit further comprises resistors R5-R8 and capacitors C1-C4, wherein the resistors R5-R8 are pull-up resistors, and one ends of the pull-up resistors R5-R6 are in short circuit and then are connected with a 3.3V power supply; the other end of R5 is connected with 16 pins of the optical coupler B1, the other end of R6 is connected with 14 pins of the optical coupler B1, the other end of R7 is connected with 12 pins of the optical coupler B1, and the other end of R8 is connected with 10 pins of the optical coupler B1; and the pins 9, 11, 13 and 15 of the optical coupler B1 are connected to a power ground after being short-circuited, and the pins 10, 12, 14 and 16 of the optical coupler B1 are also connected to a CPU acquisition end.
Preferably, the 4 pins of the relay K1 are connected to the cathodes of diodes D5-D8 in the optical coupling input end isolation circuit.
Preferably, the 4 pins of the relay K2 are connected to one end of resistors R1-R4 in the optical coupling input end isolation circuit.
The invention also provides an application of the circuit in an electromechanical management computer.
The invention also provides an application of the circuit in the technical field of aeronautics and electrics.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention adopts the double-path single-pole double-throw micro relay to respectively realize the effective/ineffective of discrete quantity excitation signals and the on/off control of the power supply at the input end of the optical coupler, reduces the scale and the complexity of the BIT self-detection circuit, utilizes the normally open end of the relay during the self-detection process, and effectively reduces the false alarm rate and improves the reliability of the product, wherein the normal working state of the product is the normally closed end of the relay. The design process of the circuit conforms to the forward design requirement of the aviation product, the component parameter calculation is simple, the application range is wide, and the circuit is a BIT self-detection circuit of the discrete quantity acquisition channel with good use value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a discrete magnitude excitation signal circuit applied to a BIT self-detection circuit of a multi-channel discrete magnitude acquisition channel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an input power control circuit applied to a BIT self-test circuit of a multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an input end power supply control circuit applied to a BIT self-detection circuit of a multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The BIT self-detection circuit needs to be designed according to the characteristics of the signal acquisition circuit and the scale of a channel, and the scale and the reliability of the BIT self-detection circuit are fully considered so as to reduce the BIT false alarm rate. The BIT self-detection circuit is designed for a multi-channel 28 VGND/open signal discrete quantity acquisition channel circuit, and is a self-detection circuit suitable for electrifying and maintaining BIT of a controller with a plurality of same type discrete quantity acquisition channels. Firstly, a small single-pole double-throw relay switches 28 VGND/open two paths of signals to simulate discrete magnitude excitation signals and control the effectiveness/ineffectiveness of the discrete magnitude excitation signals, another small single-pole double-throw relay controls the on-off of 28V power supplies at the input ends of all optical coupling channels, and the discrete magnitude excitation signals and discrete magnitude normal channels are isolated by diodes at the input ends of the optical coupling. When the controller is electrified and started to work, the first path of relay is controlled to act firstly, external 28VGND excitation is switched on, and the CPU collects the states of all channels to be effective; and then the first relay recovers the off state, the second relay is controlled to act, the 28V power supply at the input end of the optical coupler is cut off, and the CPU acquires the state of each channel to be invalid. Comparing the actual acquisition result of the CPU with a preset state in the two states; when the two are consistent, the discrete magnitude acquisition circuit works normally, and when the acquisition result is inconsistent with the preset state, the discrete magnitude acquisition circuit is in fault with the corresponding channel circuit. This circuit normal operating condition all is in relay normally closed end, relay initial condition promptly, and when carrying out BIT and detecting, two relays start in proper order once, through this kind of design multiplicable detection circuitry reliability, effectively reduce because the false alarm rate that detection circuitry became invalid and bring. When the discrete quantity acquisition channel is increased, a self-detection circuit is not required to be added, and the larger the scale of the detected circuit is, the higher the efficiency of the BIT detection circuit is.
Specifically, the BIT self-detection circuit applied to the multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel comprises a discrete quantity excitation signal circuit, an input end power supply control circuit and an optical coupler input end isolation circuit.
As shown in fig. 1, the discrete magnitude excitation signal circuit includes a diode D9 and a relay K1, the diode D9 is a rectifier diode for releasing the coil back electromotive force when the relay K1 is powered off, the relay K1 is a single-pole double-throw micro relay for realizing 28 VGND/open discrete magnitude excitation signal simulation and controlling the switching of the discrete magnitude excitation signal valid/invalid (28 VGND/open); a pin 1 (positive pole) of the diode D9 is connected with a pin 2 (negative pole) of the relay K1, and a pin 2 (negative pole) of the diode D9 is connected with a pin 1 (positive pole) of the relay K1; a5 pin (normally open end) of the single-pole double-throw relay K1 is connected to 28VGND, a 3 pin (normally closed end) of the relay K1 is suspended, and a 4 pin of the relay K1 is connected to a 2 pin (negative electrode) of diodes D5-D8 in an optical coupler input end isolation circuit in the picture 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the input end power supply control circuit includes a diode D10 and a relay K2, the diode D10 is a rectifier diode and is used for releasing coil reverse electromotive force when the relay K2 is powered off, the relay K2 is a single-pole double-throw micro relay and is used for controlling on-off of a 28V power supply of an optical coupler input end channel and controlling on-off of a +28V power supply of an input end of an optical coupler B1 in an optical coupler input end isolation circuit; a pin 1 (positive pole) of the diode D10 is connected with a pin 2 (negative pole) of the relay K2, and a pin 2 (negative pole) of the diode D10 is connected with a pin 1 (positive pole) of the relay K2; a pin 5 (normally open end) of the relay K2 is suspended, a pin 3 (normally closed end) of the relay K2 is connected with a +28V power supply, and a pin 4 of the relay K2 is connected to one end of a current limiting resistor R1-R4 in the optical coupling input end isolation circuit in the figure 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the optical coupler input end isolation circuit includes an optical coupler B1, diodes D1-D8, resistors R1-R8, and capacitors C1-C4; diodes D1-D8 are anti-reverse diodes, capacitors C1-C4 are filter capacitors, a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D1 is connected with a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D5 and then connected with a pin 2 of an optocoupler B1, a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D2 is connected with a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D6 and then connected with a pin 4 of an optocoupler B1, a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D3 is connected with a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D7 and then connected with a pin 6 of the optocoupler B1, and a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D4 is connected with a pin (anode) 1 of a diode D8 and then connected with a pin 8 of the optocoupler B1; the 2 pins (negative electrodes) of the diodes D1-D4 are respectively connected with an external 28 VGND/open discrete magnitude signal, and the 2 pins (negative electrodes) of the diodes D5-D8 are all connected with the 4 pins of the relay K1, so as to excite the signal input end. In this way, each optical coupler input end discrete quantity normal channel and discrete quantity excitation channel are effectively isolated by the aid of the anti-reflection diode.
The resistors R1-R4 are current-limiting resistors, one ends of the resistors R1-R4 are in short circuit connection and then are connected with a pin 4 of a relay K2, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a pin 7 of an optocoupler B1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with a pin 5 of the optocoupler B1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with a pin 3 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a pin 1 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 1 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 2 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 3 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 4 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the pin 5 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the pin 6 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C4 is connected with a pin 7 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with a pin 8 of the optocoupler B1;
the resistors R5-R8 are pull-up resistors, one ends of the pull-up resistors R5-R6 are in short circuit, and then the pull-up resistors are connected with a 3.3V power supply; the other end of R5 is connected with 16 pins of the optical coupler B1, the other end of R6 is connected with 14 pins of the optical coupler B1, the other end of R7 is connected with 12 pins of the optical coupler B1, and the other end of R8 is connected with 10 pins of the optical coupler B1; and the pins 9, 11, 13 and 15 of the optical coupler B1 are connected to a power ground after being short-circuited, and the pins 10, 12, 14 and 16 of the optical coupler B1 are also connected to a CPU acquisition end.
The 28VGND of the total 4 way in fig. 3/leave discrete magnitude collection passageway, when more the discrete magnitude collection passageway of the same type of needs, need not to increase BIT self-detection circuit, only need as shown in fig. 3 in the opto-coupler input end discrete magnitude excitation signal with the normal passageway of discrete magnitude utilize the diode to keep apart can.
In the scheme, a discrete quantity excitation signal circuit is designed through a single-pole double-throw miniature relay, when the controller is electrified and executes the electrification BIT self-inspection, the relay is firstly controlled to act, the discrete quantity excitation signal is effective, and at the moment, the CPU acquires the state of each discrete quantity channel to be effective; then, an input end power supply control circuit is realized through another path of single-pole double-throw relay to control the action of the relay, at the moment, the +28V power supply at the input end of the optical coupler is disconnected, and the state of each discrete quantity channel collected by the CPU is invalid; and after the controller finishes data acquisition and fault judgment, the two relays are released to restore the initial state.
The optical coupler input discrete magnitude normal channel and the discrete magnitude excitation channel are effectively isolated by the aid of the anti-reverse diode, and when BIT detection is carried out, signal states of the discrete magnitude normal channel cannot affect acquisition and detection results. When the BIT self-test is carried out, whether the output end of the optocoupler B1 is effectively conducted or not is related to the conduction of the discrete quantity excitation signal and the input end power supply. When the discrete magnitude excitation signal is effective (K1 action is conducted), the output end of the optical coupler is conducted effectively; when the power supply at the input end of the optical coupler is disconnected and invalid, the output end of the optical coupler is disconnected and invalid; the external discrete magnitude signal state does not influence the detection result acquired by the CPU, and the self-detection result is reliable and effective.
The integration level of airborne equipment is higher and higher, and according to the characteristics that the discrete quantity acquisition channels are more in number and the signal types are single, the two paths of single-pole double-throw micro relays are used for respectively controlling the connection of a 28VGND power supply and the connection and disconnection of a +28V power supply, so that the simulation of two working states of the effective discrete magnitude excitation signal and the ineffective optical coupler input end is realized (one path of single-pole double-throw micro relay is used for simulating the discrete magnitude excitation signal, and the other path of single-pole double-throw micro relay is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the +28V power supply at the optical coupler input end), and then comparing the CPU acquisition result with the simulation state in the power-on BIT detection, and carrying out fault detection (controlling the other path of relay to act so as to disconnect the +28V power supply, respectively realizing the simulation of two states of validity and invalidity of discrete magnitude signals, and then comparing the CPU acquisition result with the simulation state, wherein the inconsistent channel is a fault channel). The BIT self-detection circuit of the multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channel has simple logic, few components and high reliability, and a normally closed end of a relay is adopted when a product is in a normal working state, so that the reliability is high; after the number of discrete quantity acquisition channels is increased, the scale of a self-detection circuit does not need to be increased, the higher the integration level of the controller is, the more the number of the discrete quantity acquisition channels is, and the more obvious the advantages of the BIT self-detection circuit of the multi-channel discrete quantity acquisition channels are. The circuit commonality is strong, to 28V/division discrete magnitude signal acquisition circuit, only need the signal type of adjustment relay control end can. The whole circuit design and calculation process accords with the forward design idea of airborne products. The circuit is applied to a BIT self-detection circuit with a discrete quantity acquisition function of an electromechanical management computer, has good detection effect, high reliability and low false alarm rate, and has good popularization and use values.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A BIT self-detection circuit applied to a plurality of discrete quantity acquisition channels is characterized by comprising a discrete quantity excitation signal circuit, an input end power supply control circuit and an optical coupler input end isolation circuit;
the discrete magnitude excitation signal circuit comprises a diode D9 and a relay K1, the diode D9 is a rectifier diode and is used for releasing coil back electromotive force when the relay K1 is powered off, and the relay K1 is a single-pole double-throw micro relay and is used for simulating 28VGND or open discrete magnitude excitation signals and controlling effective or ineffective switching of the discrete magnitude excitation signals;
input power control circuit includes diode D10, relay K2, diode D10 is rectifier diode for when realizing relay K2 outage, the release of coil back electromotive force, relay K2 is the miniature relay of single-pole double-throw for realize the on-off control of opto-coupler input end passageway 28V power, control the break-make of opto-coupler B1 input +28V power among the opto-coupler input buffer circuit.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the anode of the diode D9 is connected to pin 2 of the relay K1, which is the control coil cathode, and the cathode of the diode D9 is connected to pin 1 of the relay K1, which is the control coil anode; the 5 pin of the relay K1, namely the normally open end, is connected to 28VGND, and the 3 pin of the relay K1, namely the normally closed end, is suspended.
3. The circuit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the anode of the diode D10 is connected to pin 2 of the relay K2, the control coil cathode, and the cathode of the diode D10 is connected to pin 1 of the relay K2, the control coil anode; the 5 feet of the relay K2, namely the normally open end, are suspended, and the 3 feet of the relay K2, namely the normally closed end, are connected with a +28V power supply.
4. The circuit of claim 3, wherein the optocoupler input isolation circuit comprises an optocoupler B1, diodes D1-D8; diodes D1-D8 are anti-reverse diodes, capacitors C1-C4 are filter capacitors, the anode of diode D1 is connected with the anode of D5 and then connected with the 2 pin of the optocoupler B1, the anode of diode D2 is connected with the anode of D6 and then connected with the 4 pin of the optocoupler B1, the anode of diode D3 is connected with the anode of D7 and then connected with the 6 pin of the optocoupler B1, and the anode of diode D4 is connected with the anode of D8 and then connected with the 8 pin of the optocoupler B1; the cathodes of the diodes D1-D4 are respectively connected with an external 28VGND or an open discrete magnitude signal, and the cathodes of the diodes D5-D8 are all connected with the 4 pin of the relay K1 and are used for exciting a signal input end.
5. The circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the optical coupler input end isolation circuit further comprises resistors R1-R4 and capacitors C1-C4, wherein the resistors R1-R4 are current-limiting resistors, one ends of the resistors R1-R4 are short-circuited and then connected with a pin 4 of a relay K2, the other end of R1 is connected with a pin 7 of an optical coupler B1, the other end of R2 is connected with a pin 5 of the optical coupler B1, the other end of R3 is connected with a pin 3 of the optical coupler B1, and the other end of R4 is connected with a pin 1 of an optical coupler B1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 1 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 2 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 3 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 4 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the pin 5 of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the pin 6 of the optocoupler B1; one end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the 7 pin of the optocoupler B1, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the 8 pin of the optocoupler B1.
6. The circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the optical coupling input end isolation circuit further comprises resistors R5-R8 and capacitors C1-C4, wherein the resistors R5-R8 are pull-up resistors, and one ends of the pull-up resistors R5-R6 are short-circuited and then connected with a 3.3V power supply; the other end of R5 is connected with 16 pins of the optical coupler B1, the other end of R6 is connected with 14 pins of the optical coupler B1, the other end of R7 is connected with 12 pins of the optical coupler B1, and the other end of R8 is connected with 10 pins of the optical coupler B1; and the pins 9, 11, 13 and 15 of the optical coupler B1 are connected to a power ground after being short-circuited, and the pins 10, 12, 14 and 16 of the optical coupler B1 are also connected to a CPU acquisition end.
7. The circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the 4-pin of the relay K1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5-D8 in the optical coupling input end isolation circuit.
8. The circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein 4 pins of the relay K2 are connected to one end of resistors R1-R4 in the optocoupler input isolation circuit.
9. Use of a circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in an electromechanical management computer.
10. Use of an electric circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the field of aeronautics and electrics.
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| CN117543962A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-02-09 | 四川大学 | IC integrated circuit power supply system powered by +3.3V or +5V voltage |
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| CN117543962A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-02-09 | 四川大学 | IC integrated circuit power supply system powered by +3.3V or +5V voltage |
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