CN113702730A - Fault diagnosis method and system for photovoltaic module and processor - Google Patents

Fault diagnosis method and system for photovoltaic module and processor Download PDF

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CN113702730A
CN113702730A CN202110895277.5A CN202110895277A CN113702730A CN 113702730 A CN113702730 A CN 113702730A CN 202110895277 A CN202110895277 A CN 202110895277A CN 113702730 A CN113702730 A CN 113702730A
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energy efficiency
efficiency loss
signal
fault
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李庚达
梁凌
张婷
胡道成
段震清
谢天
朱润泽
方志宁
朱振武
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National Energy Group New Energy Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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    • G01R31/52Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a fault diagnosis method, a fault diagnosis system and a fault diagnosis processor for a photovoltaic module. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring meteorological data information and data information of a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array comprises at least one of a photovoltaic module, a junction box, an inverter and a connecting cable; and diagnosing fault types according to the data information, wherein the fault types comprise at least one of weather station alarm, open circuit fault, short circuit fault and energy efficiency loss. And diagnosing the fault type of the photovoltaic array according to the data information of the photovoltaic array by acquiring the data information of the photovoltaic array. The automation of the fault diagnosis of the photovoltaic array is realized, manual troubleshooting is not needed, meanwhile, the fault of the photovoltaic array can be diagnosed in time by collecting the data information of the photovoltaic array in real time, and different fault types of the photovoltaic array are determined, so that the function of specifically positioning the fault problem of the photovoltaic array is realized.

Description

Fault diagnosis method and system for photovoltaic module and processor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a fault diagnosis method, a fault diagnosis system and a fault diagnosis processor for a photovoltaic module.
Background
In the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, along with the increase of the working life of a photovoltaic power station, a large number of devices in the photovoltaic power station exceed the factory guarantee period, the potential safety hazards of the devices are increased continuously, the faults of the power station occur frequently, the faults of the power station are mainly concentrated on a photovoltaic array, the photovoltaic array comprises a photovoltaic module, a junction box, an inverter, a connecting cable and the like, and the line faults of the photovoltaic module and the connecting cable account for 80% of the total number of the faults of the photovoltaic power station according to statistics. Meanwhile, in areas with higher altitude and severe environment, the conventional manual inspection of the fault detection of the photovoltaic power station is extremely difficult, and malignant accidents are very easy to cause.
The series of faults of the photovoltaic array brings huge challenges to the monitoring and the inspection of the photovoltaic power station. Most of the fault detection in the prior art is offline or periodically carrying out fault confirmation and diagnosis on the photovoltaic array at preset time intervals, and the fault location grade can reach the group string grade at most. However, the method for detecting the series faults of the photovoltaic array has low automation level, needs manual inspection and routing inspection, and has low efficiency, low positioning precision and low real-time performance of fault diagnosis of the photovoltaic array.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a fault diagnosis method, a system and a processor for a photovoltaic assembly.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a fault diagnosis method for a photovoltaic module, including:
acquiring meteorological data information and data information of a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array comprises a photovoltaic module, a junction box, an inverter, a connecting cable and the like;
and diagnosing fault types according to the data information, wherein the fault types comprise weather station alarm, open circuit fault, short circuit fault and energy efficiency loss.
In the embodiment of the invention, the corresponding signal is determined according to the fault type; the signal comprises at least one of a normal signal, a circuit breaking signal, a short circuit signal and an energy efficiency loss signal;
and when the signal is an energy efficiency loss signal, determining the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic module according to the data information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, determining the energy efficiency loss level of the photovoltaic module according to the data information includes:
determining the energy efficiency loss percentage according to the data information;
under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a first preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a secondary energy efficiency loss grade;
determining the energy efficiency loss grade as an important energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval;
determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a serious energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval;
and determining a corresponding alarm signal according to the grade of the energy efficiency loss.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the signal is a weather station alarm signal, a circuit breaking signal, a short circuit signal or an energy efficiency loss signal, an alarm prompt is triggered.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the percentage of energy efficiency loss is determined by formula (1):
Figure BDA0003195898750000021
where δ represents the percentage of energy efficiency loss, P0Representing preset power data, PtRepresenting real-time power data.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the data information includes inverter voltage, current, power generation amount, string voltage, string current, string ID information, component current information, component voltage information, component power information, component temperature information, irradiance information, ambient temperature information, wind speed information, wind direction information, and the like.
In the embodiment of the present invention, diagnosing the fault type according to the data information includes:
determining whether the meteorological station has a fault or not according to the comparison of the irradiance information;
establishing threshold values and theoretical reference values of voltage, current and power of the photovoltaic module by combining a mathematical statistical method and a parameter correction method; and judging whether the voltage and the current of the component are in the threshold range, and determining whether the component is normal, short-circuit fault or open-circuit fault.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module, comprising:
the photovoltaic array comprises a photovoltaic module, a junction box, an inverter, a connecting cable and the like;
the data acquisition and transmission module is used for acquiring and transmitting data information of the photovoltaic array;
and the real-time fault diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the fault type of the photovoltaic array according to the data information, wherein the fault type comprises at least one of weather station alarm, open circuit fault, short circuit fault and energy efficiency loss.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the real-time fault diagnosis module includes:
a data preliminary processing sub-module configured to check weather station data according to the data information;
the fault diagnosis submodule is configured to receive the data information, judge the fault type of the photovoltaic array according to the data information and determine a corresponding signal according to the fault type; wherein the signal comprises at least one of a normal signal, a circuit breaking signal, a short circuit signal and an energy efficiency loss signal;
the energy efficiency loss evaluation sub-module is configured to receive the energy efficiency loss signal and determine the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic array according to the data information;
the system further comprises:
and the alarm output module triggers an alarm prompt when the signal is a weather station alarm signal, a circuit breaking signal, a short circuit signal or an energy efficiency loss signal.
A third aspect of the invention provides a processor configured to perform the above-described fault diagnosis method for a photovoltaic module.
According to the technical scheme, the fault type of the photovoltaic array is automatically diagnosed by collecting the data information and the meteorological information of the photovoltaic array. The photovoltaic array fault diagnosis method has the advantages that the photovoltaic array component-level fault diagnosis is realized, meanwhile, the photovoltaic array fault can be confirmed and diagnosed in time by collecting the data information of the photovoltaic array in real time, different fault types of the photovoltaic array are finally determined, and meanwhile, the function of specifically positioning the fault problem of the photovoltaic array is also realized.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
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The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 schematically shows a flow diagram of a fault diagnosis method for a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 schematically shows a block diagram of a fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a block diagram of a fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a workflow diagram of a fault diagnosis sub-module in a fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 schematically shows a work flow diagram of a real-time fault diagnosis module in the fault diagnosis system for the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow diagram of a fault diagnosis method for a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a fault diagnosis method for a photovoltaic module, including the steps of:
step 101, collecting meteorological data information and data information of a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array comprises at least one of a photovoltaic module, a junction box, an inverter and a connecting cable.
And 102, diagnosing fault types according to the data information, wherein the fault types comprise at least one of weather station alarm, open circuit fault, short circuit fault and energy efficiency loss.
In one embodiment, the data information includes at least one of inverter voltage, current, power generation, string voltage, string current, string ID information, component current information, component voltage information, component power information, component temperature information, irradiance information, ambient temperature information, wind speed information, wind direction information.
Firstly, data information of a photovoltaic array is collected, and fault types of the photovoltaic array are diagnosed according to real-time data information after the data information of the photovoltaic array is determined. Processing the acquired data information, longitudinally comparing the data information of the meteorological station, checking whether the data of the meteorological station have faults or not, and determining the fault type to be a meteorological station alarm under the condition that the data of the meteorological station have the faults; under the condition that the environmental power generation condition is met, judging whether the open circuit fault exists or not according to the group string current, the group string ID information, the component ID information and the component current information, and positioning the open circuit group string ID; the data information determines whether short-circuit fault and power abnormal attenuation exist through a fault diagnosis submodule; and in the case of abnormal power attenuation, determining the fault type as energy efficiency loss of different levels.
In one embodiment, the corresponding signal is determined according to the fault type; the signal comprises at least one of a normal signal, a circuit breaking signal, a short circuit signal and an energy efficiency loss signal; and when the signal is an energy efficiency loss signal, determining the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic module according to the data information.
Different fault types of the photovoltaic module are determined, and signals corresponding to the fault types are determined according to the different fault types. The method comprises the steps that received inverter voltage, current, generating capacity, group string voltage, group string current, group string ID information, component current information, component voltage information, component power information, component temperature information, irradiance information, environment temperature information, wind speed information and wind direction information are longitudinally compared, whether meteorological station data are in fault or not is checked, and the fault type is determined to be meteorological station alarm under the condition that the meteorological station data are in fault; under the condition that the environmental power generation condition is met, whether the photovoltaic string has an open circuit fault or not is checked according to the string current, the string ID information, the assembly ID information and the assembly current information, and when the open circuit fault occurs, an open circuit signal is sent out; according to component ID information, component current information, component voltage information, component power information, battery junction temperature information, irradiance information, ambient temperature information, wind speed information and wind direction information in the data information, checking whether the photovoltaic array has a short-circuit fault, and sending a short-circuit signal when the photovoltaic array has the short-circuit fault; and determining whether the photovoltaic array generates power energy efficiency attenuation or not according to the data information, determining that the fault type is different energy efficiency loss grades under the condition of power attenuation, and sending an energy efficiency loss signal at the moment. Under the condition that the fault type does not indicate warning, open circuit and short circuit of the meteorological station and energy efficiency loss, the photovoltaic array sends a normal signal at the moment.
And when the signal is the energy efficiency loss signal, determining the energy efficiency loss degree according to the data information, and determining the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic array according to the energy efficiency loss degree.
In one embodiment, determining the energy efficiency loss level of the photovoltaic module from the data information comprises:
determining the energy efficiency loss percentage according to the data information; under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a first preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a secondary energy efficiency loss grade; determining the energy efficiency loss grade as an important energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval; determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a serious energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval; and determining a corresponding alarm signal according to the grade of the energy efficiency loss.
And determining the energy efficiency loss percentage through the power information in the data information, and determining the energy efficiency loss grade according to the relation between the energy efficiency loss percentage and a preset energy efficiency loss interval. Under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a first preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a secondary energy efficiency loss grade, and sending a secondary alarm signal; under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as an important energy efficiency loss grade, and sending an important alarm signal; and under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a serious energy efficiency loss grade, and sending out a serious alarm signal.
For example, the first preset energy efficiency loss interval is 0-10%, the second preset energy efficiency loss interval is 10-20%, the third preset energy efficiency loss interval is 20-100%, when the energy efficiency loss value is 5%, and the energy efficiency loss value is in the first preset energy efficiency loss interval, the energy efficiency loss level is determined to be a secondary energy efficiency loss level, and a secondary alarm signal is sent; when the energy efficiency loss value is 15%, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as an important energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss value is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval, and sending an important alarm signal; and when the energy efficiency loss value is 25%, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a serious energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss value is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval, and sending a serious alarm signal.
In one embodiment, the alarm prompt is triggered when the signal is a weather station alarm signal, a trip signal, a short circuit signal, or an energy efficiency loss signal.
According to group string ID information, group string current information and group string voltage information in the data information, component ID information, component current information, component voltage information, component power information, battery junction temperature information, irradiance information, ambient temperature information, wind speed information and wind direction information, checking whether the photovoltaic component has an open circuit fault, and when the open circuit fault occurs, sending an open circuit signal; and checking whether the photovoltaic component has a short-circuit fault or not according to the group string ID information, the group string current information, the group string voltage information, the component ID information, the current information, the voltage information, the power information, the battery junction temperature information, the irradiance information, the ambient temperature information, the wind speed information and the wind direction information in the data information, and sending a short-circuit signal when the short-circuit fault occurs. When a circuit breaking signal or a short circuit signal is sent out, an alarm prompt is triggered. Determining whether the meteorological station has a fault or not according to the comparison of the irradiance information; establishing threshold values and theoretical reference values of voltage, current and power of the photovoltaic module by combining a mathematical statistical method and a parameter correction method; and judging whether the voltage and the current of the component are in the threshold range, and determining whether the component is normal, short-circuit fault and energy efficiency abnormal loss fault.
In one embodiment, the percentage energy efficiency loss is determined by equation (1):
Figure BDA0003195898750000081
wherein, δ representsPercentage of energy efficiency loss, P0Representing preset power data, PtRepresenting real-time power data.
According to the formula, the energy efficiency loss percentage delta passes through the preset power data P0And real-time power data PtThe absolute value of the difference of (a) and the preset power data P0Its own ratio is determined. For example, the preset power data P is determined0The value is 1000 when the real-time power data PtWhen the numerical value is 950, the energy efficiency loss value delta is 5% at the moment, the energy efficiency loss value is in a first preset energy efficiency loss interval, the energy efficiency loss grade is determined to be a secondary energy efficiency loss grade, and a secondary alarm signal is sent out; when the real-time power data PtWhen the numerical value is 850, the energy efficiency loss value is 15% at the moment, the energy efficiency loss value is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval, the energy efficiency loss grade is determined to be an important energy efficiency loss grade, and an important alarm signal is sent out; when the real-time power data PtAnd when the numerical value is 750, the energy efficiency loss value is 25% at the moment, the energy efficiency loss value is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval, the energy efficiency loss grade is determined to be a serious energy efficiency loss grade, and a serious alarm signal is sent out.
In one embodiment, diagnosing the type of fault of the photovoltaic array from the data information includes: determining whether the data information exceeds a threshold of an operating parameter of the photovoltaic array; and issuing at least one of a circuit break signal or a short circuit signal if the data information exceeds the operating parameter threshold.
After receiving the data information, checking whether the photovoltaic array has an open circuit fault or not according to group string ID information, group string current information, group string voltage information, component ID information, current information, voltage information, power information, battery junction temperature information, irradiance information, environment temperature information, wind speed information and wind direction information in the data information, and when the open circuit fault occurs, sending a group string open circuit signal by the photovoltaic array; and checking whether the photovoltaic module has a short-circuit fault or not according to the group string ID information, the group string current information and the group string voltage information in the data information, the component ID information, the component current information, the component voltage information, the component power information, the battery junction temperature information, the irradiance information, the ambient temperature information, the wind speed information and the wind direction information, and sending a component short-circuit signal when the short-circuit fault occurs. And determining that the photovoltaic array has a fault of open circuit or short circuit when the data information exceeds the working parameter threshold of the photovoltaic array. Specifically, under the condition that current information, voltage information and power information in the acquired data information exceed a working parameter threshold, determining that the photovoltaic array has an open circuit fault or a short circuit fault, wherein when the acquired current information is zero, determining that the whole string of the photovoltaic module has the open circuit fault; and when the current is in the threshold range and the voltage exceeds the lower threshold, judging that the short-circuit fault occurs. When the open circuit fault occurs, an open circuit signal is sent out at the moment; when a short-circuit fault occurs, a short-circuit signal is sent out at the moment.
Wherein, the working parameter threshold value includes photovoltaic module factory performance data, specifically, includes: component type, maximum power, optimal operating voltage, optimal operating current, open circuit voltage, short circuit current, power temperature coefficient, voltage temperature coefficient, current temperature coefficient, first year decay rate, year by year decay rate, and nominal conversion efficiency.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a structural block diagram of a fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module is provided, which includes a photovoltaic array 201, a data acquisition and transmission module 202, and a real-time fault diagnosis module 203, wherein:
a photovoltaic array 201 including at least one of photovoltaic modules, a combiner box, an inverter, and a connecting cable;
the data acquisition and transmission module 202 is used for acquiring and transmitting data information of the photovoltaic array;
and the real-time fault diagnosis module 203 is used for diagnosing fault types of the photovoltaic array according to the data information, wherein the fault types comprise at least one of weather station alarm, open circuit fault, short circuit fault and different levels of energy efficiency loss.
The data information collected by the data collection and transmission module 202 includes: at least one of inverter voltage, current, power generation, string voltage, string current, string ID information, component current information, component voltage information, component power information, component temperature information, irradiance information, ambient temperature information, wind speed information, wind direction information.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition and transmission module 202 acquires data information of the photovoltaic array 201, and the real-time fault diagnosis module 203 determines the data information of the photovoltaic array 201 and diagnoses the fault type of the photovoltaic array 201 according to the real-time data information. Specifically, the real-time fault diagnosis module 203 longitudinally compares the received data information with the data information of the meteorological station, checks whether the data of the meteorological station has a fault, and determines that the fault type is a meteorological station alarm when the data of the meteorological station has the fault; the real-time fault diagnosis module 203 can check whether the open-circuit fault occurs in the photovoltaic array 201 according to the data information; the real-time fault diagnosis module 203 may further determine whether the photovoltaic array 201 has power energy efficiency attenuation according to the data information, and determine that the fault type is different energy efficiency loss levels in the case of power attenuation.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, another structural block diagram of a fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module is provided, which includes a photovoltaic array 301, a data acquisition and transmission module 302, and a real-time fault diagnosis module 303, where the real-time fault diagnosis module 303 further includes
A data primary processing sub-module 30 configured to perform primary preprocessing on the data, and check weather station data and open circuit faults according to the data information;
the fault diagnosis submodule 31 is configured to receive the data information, judge the fault type of the photovoltaic array 301 according to the data information, and determine a corresponding signal according to the fault type; wherein the signal comprises at least one of a normal signal, a short-circuit signal and an energy efficiency loss signal;
the energy efficiency loss evaluation sub-module 32 is configured to receive the energy efficiency loss signal and determine the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic array 301 according to the data information;
the system further comprises:
and the alarm output module 304 is used for triggering alarm prompt when the signal is a weather station alarm signal, a broken circuit signal short-circuit signal or an energy efficiency loss signal.
In one embodiment, the data is first pre-processed by the data pre-processing sub-module 30 and the data of the weather station and the open-circuit fault data are checked according to the data information, and the alarm output module 304 is instructed to send out a weather station alarm signal or a short-circuit fault signal when a weather station fault or a short-circuit fault occurs, and the data enters the fault diagnosis sub-module 31 without the two fault signals. The fault diagnosis submodule 31 determines different fault types of the photovoltaic array 301, and determines a signal corresponding to the fault type according to the different fault types. Specifically, the received voltage, current and power generation amount of the inverter, group string voltage, group string current, group string ID information, component current information, component voltage information, component power information, component temperature information, irradiance information, environmental temperature information, wind speed information and wind direction information are longitudinally compared, whether meteorological station data are in fault or not is checked, and the fault type is determined to be meteorological station alarm under the condition that the meteorological station data are in fault; checking whether the photovoltaic array 301 has an open circuit fault or not according to the inverter voltage, the current and the generated energy in the data information, the string voltage, the string current, the string ID information, the component current information, the component voltage information, the component power information, the component temperature information, the irradiance information, the environment temperature information, the wind speed information and the wind direction information, and when the open circuit fault occurs, sending an open circuit signal by the photovoltaic array 301; checking whether the photovoltaic array 301 has a short-circuit fault or not according to the inverter voltage, the current and the generated energy in the data information, the string voltage, the string current, the string ID information, the component current information, the component voltage information, the component power information, the component temperature information, the irradiance information, the ambient temperature information, the wind speed information and the wind direction information, and when the short-circuit fault occurs, sending a short-circuit signal by the photovoltaic array 301; and determining whether the photovoltaic array 301 has abnormal power energy efficiency attenuation according to the data information, determining that the fault type is energy efficiency loss of different levels under the condition that the power diagram gate valve is attenuated, and sending an energy efficiency loss signal by the photovoltaic array 301 at the moment. In the event that the fault type does not indicate weather station alarm, open circuit and short circuit and loss of energy efficiency, the photovoltaic array 301 now signals normal. When the obtained current information is zero, determining that the whole string of the photovoltaic module has an open circuit fault; and when the current is in the threshold range and the voltage exceeds the lower threshold, judging that the short-circuit fault occurs.
Fig. 4 schematically shows a remote schematic diagram of the fault diagnosis submodule 31 in the fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, on one hand, the module historical data of the photovoltaic module, including data information such as power P, voltage U, current I, battery temperature T, historical meteorological data irradiance, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, etc., are determined, and the data information is subjected to data cleaning, and a mathematical statistical method is applied according to the relationship between the meteorological parameters and the module parameters to obtain the normal range of P, U, I under different environmental parameters; on the other hand, the theoretical value of the photovoltaic module P, U, I is determined according to the factory performance data of the photovoltaic module (module type, maximum power, optimal working voltage, optimal working current, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, power temperature coefficient, voltage temperature coefficient, current temperature coefficient, first-year decay rate, year-by-year decay rate and nominal conversion efficiency); according to the data of the two aspects, a model of the meteorological parameters and the component P, U, I is obtained by combining the statistical method and the parameter correction.
And when the signal is the energy efficiency loss signal, determining the energy efficiency loss degree according to the data information, and determining the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic array according to the energy efficiency loss degree.
And the energy efficiency loss evaluation submodule 32 receives the energy efficiency loss signal sent by the fault diagnosis submodule 31, determines an energy efficiency loss value according to the power information in the data information, and determines an energy efficiency loss grade according to the relation between the energy efficiency loss value and a preset energy efficiency loss interval. Under the condition that the energy efficiency loss value is in a first preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as secondary energy efficiency loss, and sending a secondary alarm; under the condition that the energy efficiency loss value is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as important energy efficiency loss, and sending an important alarm; and under the condition that the energy efficiency loss value is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as serious energy efficiency loss, and sending out a serious alarm.
For example, the first preset energy efficiency loss interval is 0 to 10%, the second preset energy efficiency loss interval is 10 to 20%, the third preset energy efficiency loss interval is 20 to 100%, and when the energy efficiency loss value is 5%, and the energy efficiency loss value is in the first preset energy efficiency loss interval, the energy efficiency loss evaluation sub-module 32 determines that the energy efficiency loss level is the secondary energy efficiency loss level, and sends a secondary alarm; when the energy efficiency loss value is 15%, under the condition that the energy efficiency loss value is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval, the energy efficiency loss evaluation submodule 32 determines that the energy efficiency loss grade is an important energy efficiency loss grade, and sends out an important alarm; when the energy efficiency loss value is 25%, and the energy efficiency loss value is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval, the energy efficiency loss evaluation submodule 32 determines that the energy efficiency loss level is a serious energy efficiency loss level, and sends a serious alarm.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a work flow diagram of the real-time fault diagnosis module 303 in the fault diagnosis system for photovoltaic modules according to the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the work data and the meteorological data are firstly collected in real time. And the data preliminary processing submodule is used for carrying out data cleaning and comparison on the real-time working parameters and the real-time meteorological parameters, determining to send out a meteorological station alarm signal under the condition of abnormal meteorological station data, determining to send out an open circuit signal under the condition of open circuit, and otherwise, entering the fault diagnosis submodule. Judging whether the assembly is in a short-circuit condition or not through a fault diagnosis module, indicating an alarm output module to send a short-circuit signal when the photovoltaic assembly is in the short-circuit condition, judging the energy efficiency loss grade through an energy efficiency loss evaluation module when the photovoltaic assembly is in the energy efficiency loss condition, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a secondary energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage value is in a first preset energy efficiency loss interval, and indicating the alarm output module to send a secondary alarm signal; under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage value is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as an important energy efficiency loss grade, and indicating an alarm output module to send an important alarm signal; and under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage value is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval, determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a serious energy efficiency loss grade, and indicating the alarm output module to send out a serious alarm signal.
The fault diagnosis system for the photovoltaic module comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the modules and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program modules stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.
The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. The kernel can be set to be one or more, and fault diagnosis of the photovoltaic component is realized by adjusting kernel parameters.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.
The embodiment of the invention provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the fault diagnosis method for a photovoltaic module is executed when the program runs.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for fault diagnosis of a photovoltaic module, the method comprising:
acquiring meteorological data information and data information of a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array comprises at least one of a photovoltaic module, a junction box, an inverter and a connecting cable;
and diagnosing fault types according to the data information, wherein the fault types comprise at least one of weather station alarm, open circuit fault, short circuit fault and energy efficiency loss.
2. The method of fault diagnosis for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises:
determining a corresponding signal according to the fault type; the signal comprises at least one of a normal signal, a circuit breaking signal, a short circuit signal and an energy efficiency loss signal;
and when the signal is the energy efficiency loss signal, determining the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic module according to the data information.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the determining the energy efficiency loss level of the photovoltaic module according to the data information comprises:
determining the energy efficiency loss percentage according to the data information;
determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a secondary energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a first preset energy efficiency loss interval;
determining the energy efficiency loss grade as an important energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a second preset energy efficiency loss interval;
determining the energy efficiency loss grade as a serious energy efficiency loss grade under the condition that the energy efficiency loss percentage is in a third preset energy efficiency loss interval;
and determining a corresponding alarm signal according to the grade of the energy efficiency loss.
4. The method of fault diagnosis for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises:
and triggering an alarm prompt when the signal is a weather station alarm signal, a broken circuit signal, a short circuit signal or an energy efficiency loss signal.
5. The fault diagnosis method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that said percentage energy efficiency loss is determined by formula (1):
Figure FDA0003195898740000021
where δ represents the percentage of energy efficiency loss, P0Representing preset power data, PtRepresenting real-time power data.
6. The fault diagnosis method for a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the data information includes at least one of inverter voltage, current, power generation amount, string voltage, string current, string ID information, module current information, module voltage information, module power information, module temperature information, irradiance information, ambient temperature information, wind speed information, wind direction information.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diagnosing the type of the fault of the photovoltaic array according to the data information comprises:
determining whether the data information exceeds an operating parameter threshold of the photovoltaic array;
issuing at least one of the open signal or the short signal if the data information exceeds the operating parameter threshold.
8. A fault diagnosis system for a photovoltaic module, characterized in that it comprises:
the photovoltaic array comprises at least one of a photovoltaic assembly, a junction box, an inverter and a connecting cable;
the data acquisition and transmission module is used for acquiring and transmitting data information of the photovoltaic array;
and the real-time fault diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the fault type of the photovoltaic array according to the data information, wherein the fault type comprises at least one of weather station alarm, open circuit fault, short circuit fault and energy efficiency loss.
9. The fault diagnosis system for photovoltaic modules according to claim 8, characterized in that said real-time fault diagnosis module comprises:
a data preliminary processing sub-module configured to check weather station data according to the data information;
the fault diagnosis sub-module is configured to receive the data information, judge the fault type of the photovoltaic array according to the data information, and determine a corresponding signal according to the fault type; wherein the signal comprises at least one of a normal signal, an open circuit signal, a short circuit signal and an energy efficiency loss signal;
the energy efficiency loss evaluation sub-module is configured to receive the energy efficiency loss signal and determine the energy efficiency loss grade of the photovoltaic array according to the data information;
the system further comprises:
and the alarm output module triggers an alarm prompt when the signal is a weather station alarm signal, a circuit break signal, a short circuit signal or an energy efficiency loss signal.
10. A processor configured to perform the method for diagnosing a fault in a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN202110895277.5A 2021-08-04 2021-08-04 Fault diagnosis method and system for photovoltaic module and processor Pending CN113702730A (en)

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