CN113701956A - A multistage detection is from screwing up protection system for preventing well head packing from leaking - Google Patents
A multistage detection is from screwing up protection system for preventing well head packing from leaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN113701956A CN113701956A CN202110947336.9A CN202110947336A CN113701956A CN 113701956 A CN113701956 A CN 113701956A CN 202110947336 A CN202110947336 A CN 202110947336A CN 113701956 A CN113701956 A CN 113701956A
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- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 102100037651 AP-2 complex subunit sigma Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 101000806914 Homo sapiens AP-2 complex subunit sigma Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 66
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical group CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0042—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a torque
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage, which comprises: the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism is used for automatically tightening a packing according to set torque, the novel three-level packing gland is used for preventing an oil-gas well mouth from being directly connected with the outside, and the control system is used for remotely controlling the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism and the novel three-level packing gland operation to prevent the well mouth packing from being leaked; thereby can realize accomplishing to prevent earlier the back through pressure abrupt change value and moment of torsion regulating variable and administer to oil well wellhead oil gas leakage, thoroughly solve the environmental protection problem that oil well wellhead oil gas leaked, realize increasing oil gas output and green clean production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploration and development, in particular to a multi-stage detection self-screwing protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage.
Background
In the sucker-rod pump exploitation process of oil and gas fields, the well head sealing disc root is worn by a polished rod for a long time, and the condition of well head packing seal leakage often occurs. Once the leakage amount is larger due to delay, the problems of great safety risk and environmental pollution are brought, and the normal development of all the work in an oil extraction work area can be influenced by subsequent treatment and recovery. At present, a method for treating the sealing leakage of a wellhead packing mainly depends on-site inspection by oil extraction inspection personnel, and the packing is fastened or replaced to eliminate the leakage after the on-site inspection is found. Because the packing leakage period of each well varies from several days to dozens of days, the packing leakage has non-timeliness, and the purpose of solving the packing leakage can be achieved only by enhancing the field inspection times and strength. However, in order to cope with the continuously low international oil price and realize the targets of steady development and benefit development, various reform measures are put forward in the oil field.
At present, some multi-stage detection self-tightening protection systems for preventing wellhead packing leakage exist, but the environment-friendly problem of oil well wellhead oil gas leakage can not be thoroughly solved by preventing and treating oil well wellhead oil gas leakage firstly through a pressure sudden change value and a torque regulating quantity.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage, which can effectively solve the technical problem that oil gas leakage at an oil well wellhead cannot be prevented and then treated through a pressure sudden change value and a torque regulating quantity in the prior art, so that the oil gas yield is low.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-stage testing self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage, comprising:
the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism is used for automatically tightening a packing according to set torque, the novel three-level packing gland is used for preventing an oil-gas well mouth from being directly connected with the outside, and the control system is used for remotely controlling the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism and the novel three-level packing gland operation to prevent the well mouth packing from being leaked;
the novel three-stage packing gland is provided with a packing box, a first-stage gland, a second-stage bearing layer, a third-stage grease lubricating layer and a top gland, wherein the packing box, the first-stage gland, the second-stage bearing layer, the third-stage grease lubricating layer and the top gland are sequentially connected, and a pressure acquisition sensor is arranged on the second-stage bearing layer and used for acquiring the pressure of the second-stage bearing layer in real time;
the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, a driving clamp mechanism, a sliding guide bar and a fixing clamp, wherein the servo motor is connected with the speed reducer, the driving clamp structure is connected onto the speed reducer, the sliding guide bar is connected below the driving clamp structure, and the fixing clamp is fixed on the outer surface of the packing box through two semicircular clamp buckles and is integrated with the sliding guide bar;
the control system is provided with a controller and an alarm system, the controller is connected with the alarm system and used for controlling the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism and the three-stage novel packing gland operation, and the alarm system is used for carrying out early warning according to instructions of the controller;
when the three-stage novel packing gland works, the controller controls the pressure acquisition sensor to acquire the pressure of the second-stage bearing layer in real time, when the acquisition is completed, the controller compares the actual pressure F with the preset pressure to determine the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value and further obtains the pressure mutation value Q through the preset formula, when the pressure mutation value Q is obtained, the controller compares the pressure mutation value Q with the standard pressure mutation value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, if the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to perform early warning alarm and controls the driving hoop mechanism to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland, when the detection is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with the standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, and compares the torque difference value delta A with the torque standard difference value to determine the torque adjustment quantity when the packing tightness is improper, when the packing gland is determined, the controller starts the servo motor to rotate and compress the packing gland.
Further, when the three-stage novel packing gland works, the controller controls the pressure acquisition sensor to acquire the pressure of the secondary bearing layer in real time, the controller sets the pressure of the secondary bearing layer acquired by the pressure acquisition sensor as an actual pressure F, and when the setting is finished, the controller compares the actual pressure F with a preset pressure to determine a pressure mutation value calculation parameter;
the controller is further provided with preset pressure and pressure mutation value calculation parameters, wherein the preset pressure comprises a first preset pressure F1, a second preset pressure F2 and a third preset pressure F3, and F1 is larger than F2 and smaller than F3; the pressure mutation value calculation parameters comprise a first calculation parameter sigma 1 of the pressure mutation value, a second calculation parameter sigma 2 of the pressure mutation value, a third calculation parameter sigma 3 of the pressure mutation value and a fourth calculation parameter sigma 4 of the pressure mutation value, wherein sigma 1 is more than sigma 2 and less than sigma 3 and less than sigma 4;
if F is less than F1, the controller judges that the pressure mutation value calculation parameter is sigma 1;
if F1 is less than or equal to F2, the controller judges the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value to be sigma 2;
if F2 is less than or equal to F3, the controller judges the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value to be sigma 3;
if F is larger than or equal to F3, the controller judges that the pressure change value calculation parameter is sigma 4.
Further, when the controller determines that the pressure fluctuation value calculation parameter is sigma i, the controller calculates a pressure fluctuation value Q, when the calculation is completed, the controller compares the pressure fluctuation value Q with a standard pressure fluctuation value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, and when the controller determines that the oil gas leaks, the controller controls an alarm system to give an early warning;
if Q is not more than Q0, the controller judges that oil gas does not leak;
if Q is more than Q0, the controller judges that oil gas leaks;
wherein the standard pressure fluctuation value Q0 is set by the controller.
Further, the controller determines that the pressure fluctuation value calculation parameter is σ i, sets i to 1, 2,3,4, the controller calculates the pressure fluctuation value Q,
when i is 1, set Q to F × σ 1 × (F/F1);
when i is 2, Q is set to F × σ 2 × [ (F2-F)/(F-F1) ];
when i is 3, Q is set to F × σ 3 × [ (F3-F)/(F-F2) ];
when i is 4, set Q to F × σ 4 × (F3/F);
wherein, F represents the pressure of the secondary pressure bearing layer acquired by the pressure acquisition sensor, Fj represents the jth preset pressure, and j is set to be 1, 2, and 3.
Further, when the controller determines that oil gas leaks, the controller also controls the driving hoop mechanism to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland, the controller sets the torque measured in real time by the driving hoop mechanism as an actual torque A, when the setting is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with a standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, and when the controller determines that the packing tightness is proper, the driving hoop mechanism continues to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland;
if A is less than A0, the controller judges that the packing tightness is not appropriate;
if A is larger than or equal to A0, the controller judges that the packing tightness is proper;
therein, the standard torque a0 is set by the controller.
When the controller judges that the packing tightness is not appropriate, the controller calculates a torque difference value delta A, when the calculation is completed, the controller compares the torque difference value delta A with a torque standard difference value to determine a torque adjustment amount, when the controller determines that the torque adjustment amount is Li, the controller starts a servo motor to rotationally compress a packing gland, the torque for rotationally compressing is Li, and i is set to be 1, 2,3 and 4;
wherein the controller is provided with a torque standard deviation value and a torque adjustment amount, the torque standard deviation value comprises a first torque standard deviation value delta A1, a second torque standard deviation value delta A2 and a third torque standard deviation value delta A3, wherein delta A1 is less than delta A2 is less than delta A3; the torque regulating quantity comprises a first torque regulating quantity L1, a second torque regulating quantity L2, a third torque regulating quantity L3 and a fourth torque regulating quantity L4, wherein L1 < L2 < L3 < L4;
if Δ A <. DELTA.A 1, the controller determines that the torque adjustment amount is L1;
if the delta A is not less than delta A1 and less than delta A2, the controller judges that the torque adjustment amount is L2;
if the delta A is not less than delta A2 and less than delta A3, the controller judges that the torque adjustment amount is L3;
if Δ A ≧ Δ A3, the controller determines the torque adjustment amount to be L4.
Further, when the controller judges that the packing tightness is not appropriate, the controller calculates a torque difference value Δ a, and a calculation formula is as follows:
△A＝(A0-A)×(A0/A)；
where a represents the torque measured in real time to actuate the clip mechanism and a0 represents the standard torque.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism, the three-level novel packing gland and the control system are arranged, when the three-level novel packing gland works, the actual pressure is compared with the preset pressure to determine the calculation parameter of the pressure sudden change value, and then the pressure sudden change value is obtained through the preset formula, when the pressure sudden change value is obtained, the controller compares the pressure sudden change value with the standard pressure sudden change value to determine whether oil gas leaks, if the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to give an early warning and controls the driving clamp mechanism to detect the torque for the packing gland to compress and rotate, when the detection is finished, the controller compares the actual torque with the standard torque to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, and compares the torque difference with the torque standard difference to determine the proper torque adjustment quantity of the packing tightness, when the packing gland is determined, the controller starts the servo motor to rotate and compress the packing gland. Thereby can realize accomplishing to prevent earlier the back through pressure abrupt change value and moment of torsion regulating variable and administer to oil well wellhead oil gas leakage, thoroughly solve the environmental protection problem that oil well wellhead oil gas leaked, realize increasing oil gas output and green clean production.
Particularly, the invention is provided with a first-stage gland, a second-stage bearing layer and a third-stage grease lubricating sealing layer, and the outer surface of the first-stage gland adopts a hexagonal plane design, so that the outer surface of the first-stage gland is conveniently and effectively combined with an external rotating disc structure. The second grade pressure-bearing layer position is located between second sealed cushion and the packing clamping ring, and this space is in relative sealing state, and when appearing revealing in packing gum cover and sucker rod clearance, space pressure can rise, detects pressure variation through installation pressure sensor, realizes real-time early warning and reports to the police. The third-level grease lubrication sealing layer is located between the first sealing rubber mat and the second sealing rubber mat, grease is filled in the space, the surface lubrication effect of the sucker rod is achieved, and meanwhile the sealing degree between the sucker rod and the packing rubber sleeve is increased. Thereby reach in time and judge well head oil gas and leak and the tightness, prevent the purpose of oil well head oil gas leakage.
Further, the actual pressure F is compared with the preset pressure to determine the pressure sudden change value calculation parameter, and then the pressure sudden change value Q is obtained through a preset formula, when the pressure sudden change value Q is obtained, the controller compares the pressure sudden change value Q with the standard pressure sudden change value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, if the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to give an early warning and controls the driving hoop mechanism to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland, when the detection is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with the standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, compares the torque difference value delta A with the torque standard difference value to determine the torque adjustment quantity when the packing tightness is not proper, and when the determination is completed, the controller starts the servo motor to rotate and compress the packing gland. Thereby can realize accomplishing to prevent earlier the back through pressure abrupt change value and moment of torsion regulating variable and administer to oil well wellhead oil gas leakage, thoroughly solve the environmental protection problem that oil well wellhead oil gas leaked, realize increasing oil gas output and green clean production.
Furthermore, the actual pressure F is compared with the preset pressure to determine the pressure sudden change value calculation parameter, and then the pressure sudden change value Q is obtained through the preset formula, the setting of the pressure sudden change value calculation parameter aims to improve the calculation accuracy, so that oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well can be prevented and treated firstly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environment-friendly problem of oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well is solved thoroughly, and the oil gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Furthermore, the pressure sudden change value Q is compared with the standard pressure sudden change value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, and when the controller determines that the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to give an early warning alarm, so that the oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well can be prevented and treated firstly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environment-friendly problem of the oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well is solved thoroughly, and the oil gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Furthermore, the actual torque A is compared with the standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, so that oil and gas leakage of the oil well mouth can be prevented and managed firstly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environmental protection problem of the oil and gas leakage of the oil well mouth is thoroughly solved, and the oil and gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Furthermore, the torque difference value delta A is compared with the torque standard difference value to determine the torque regulating quantity, so that oil and gas leakage of the oil well mouth can be prevented and treated firstly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environmental protection problem of the oil and gas leakage of the oil well mouth is thoroughly solved, and the oil and gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic packing gland tightening mechanism of a multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-level novel packing gland of a multi-level detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a three-stage novel packing gland of a multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the notation in the figure is: 1. the packing gland is automatically screwed down by the mechanism; 11. a servo motor; 12. a speed reducer; 13. driving the clamp mechanism; 14. sliding the guide bar; 15. fixing a clamp; 2. a three-level novel packing gland; 21. a packing box; 22. a first-stage gland; 23. a secondary pressure bearing layer; 231. a second sealing rubber gasket; 24. a third grease lubrication layer; 25. a top gland; 251. a first sealing rubber gasket; 26. a pressure acquisition sensor; 27. a grease filling nozzle; 28. packing and pressing a ring; 29. packing gum cover.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic packing gland tightening mechanism of a multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing packing leakage of a wellhead, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-stage novel packing gland of the multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing packing leakage of the wellhead, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a burst structure of the three-stage novel packing gland of the multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing packing leakage of the wellhead, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing packing leakage of the wellhead, including:
the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism comprises an automatic packing gland tightening mechanism 1, a three-level novel packing gland 2 and a control system (not shown in the figure), wherein the control system is respectively connected with the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism 1 and the three-level novel packing gland 2, the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism 1 is used for automatically tightening a packing according to set torque, the three-level novel packing gland 2 is used for preventing an oil-gas well mouth from being directly connected with the outside, and the control system is used for remotely controlling the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism 1 and the three-level novel packing gland 2 to work so as to prevent the leakage of the well mouth packing;
the novel three-level packing gland 2 is provided with a packing box 21, a first-level gland 22, a second-level pressure bearing layer 23, a third-level grease lubricating layer 24 and a top gland 25, the packing box 21, the first-level gland 22, the second-level pressure bearing layer 23, the third-level grease lubricating layer 24 and the top gland 25 are sequentially connected, a pressure acquisition sensor 26 is arranged on the second-level pressure bearing layer 23, and the pressure acquisition sensor 26 is used for acquiring the pressure of the second-level pressure bearing layer 23 in real time;
the automatic packing gland screwing mechanism 1 comprises a servo motor 11, a speed reducer 12, a driving hoop mechanism 13, a sliding guide bar 14 and a fixing hoop 15, wherein the servo motor 11 is connected with the speed reducer 12, the speed reducer 12 is connected with the driving hoop structure, the sliding guide bar 14 is connected below the driving hoop structure, and the fixing hoop 15 is fixed on the outer surface of a packing box 21 and integrated with the sliding guide bar 14 through two semicircular hoop buckling buckles;
the control system is provided with a controller and an alarm system, the controller is connected with the alarm system, the controller is used for controlling the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism 1 and the three-level novel packing gland 2 to operate, and the alarm system is used for carrying out early warning and alarming according to instructions of the controller;
in this embodiment, the fixed clamp 15 is stationary relative to the drive clamp mechanism 13. Two vertical guide holes of a support plate on the right side of the driving hoop mechanism 13 are nested on two sliding guide rods, and a certain sliding gap is reserved. The fixed clamp 15 acts on the fixed pivot of the rotary drive clamp mechanism 13 and is comprised of two semi-circular clamps. The driving hoop mechanism 13 completes the rotation action by matching the inner hexagonal gear plane of the inner system with the hexagonal surface of the packing gland, and consists of two semicircular hoops and two semicircular inner hexagonal gears. The slide guide bar 14 mainly serves as a vertical movement guide between the drive clamp mechanism 13 and the fixed clamp 15. A PLC control panel is arranged in the controller.
Continuing to refer to fig. 3, the novel packing gland 2 of tertiary formula still is provided with butter filling nozzle 27, first sealed cushion 251, second sealed cushion 231, packing clamping ring 28 and packing gum cover 29, and butter filling nozzle 27 sets up on tertiary butter lubrication sealing layer, and first sealed cushion 251 is connected with top gland 25, and second sealed cushion 231 is connected with tertiary butter lubrication sealing layer, and packing clamping ring 28 is connected with one-level gland 22 and packing gum cover 29 respectively.
In this embodiment, the outer surface of the primary gland 22 is designed to have a hexagonal plane, which facilitates the effective combination with the external rotating disk structure. The position of second grade bearing layer 23 is located between second seal cushion 231 and packing clamping ring 28, and this space is in relative sealing state, and when the packing gum cover 29 appeared revealing with the sucker rod clearance, space pressure can rise, detects pressure variation through installation pressure sensor, realizes real-time early warning and reports to the police. The third-level grease lubrication sealing layer is located between the first sealing rubber pad 251 and the second sealing rubber pad 231, and grease is filled in the space, so that the surface lubrication effect of the sucker rod is achieved, and the sealing degree between the sucker rod and the packing rubber sleeve 29 is increased. The pressure acquisition sensor 26 adopts a wireless waterproof and oil-proof pressure sensor, the pressure range is 0-1.6MPa, the working temperature is-40-85 ℃, the power supply mode is battery power supply, the voltage is 3.0-3.6V, the working frequency is LoRa, and the standby power consumption is less than or equal to 0.5 mW. The main driving equipment adopts a large-inertia servo motor 11 with rated power of 1KW, a working power supply AC220V and rated rotating speed of 2000rpm, and is matched with a special planetary reducer 12 for the servo explosion-proof motor to reduce the rotating speed and amplify the torque, and the rotating speed finally acting on the driving mechanism is 1 r/min and the torque is 220 N.m.
When the three-level novel packing gland 2 works, the controller controls the pressure acquisition sensor 26 to acquire the pressure of the second-level bearing layer 23 in real time, when the acquisition is completed, the controller compares the actual pressure F with the preset pressure to determine the calculation parameters of the pressure mutation value, and further obtains the pressure mutation value Q through a preset formula, when the pressure mutation value Q is obtained, the controller compares the pressure mutation value Q with the standard pressure mutation value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, if the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to give an early warning and controls the driving hoop mechanism 13 to detect the torque for pressing and rotating the packing gland, when the detection is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with the standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, compares the torque difference value delta A with the torque standard difference value to determine the torque regulation quantity when the packing tightness is improper, when the packing gland is determined, the controller starts the servo motor 11 to compress the packing gland in a rotating mode.
In this embodiment, the basic parameters of the servo motor 11 are:
rated power: 1.0KW
Rated voltage: 220V
Rated current: 4A
Rated rotation speed: 2000rpm
Rated torque: 4N.m
Weight: 7.7Kg
The use environment is as follows: minus 20 ℃ to plus 40 DEG C
Ambient humidity: relative humidity is less than 90%
The size of the machine body is as follows: the body length is 223mm, the flange of 120mm, the axle journal is 22mm, the axle length is 57 mm.
The basic parameters of the speed reducer 12 are as follows:
the size of the machine body is as follows: the length of the machine body is 130mm at the first stage and 160mm at the second stage
Maximum load: 260N.m
Efficiency: 90 percent of
Inputting a maximum rotating speed: 3000rpm
Weight: first 11Kg and second 13 Kg.
Specifically, the actual pressure F is compared with the preset pressure to determine the pressure sudden change value calculation parameter, and then the pressure sudden change value Q is obtained through a preset formula, when the pressure sudden change value Q is obtained, the controller compares the pressure sudden change value Q with the standard pressure sudden change value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, if the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to give an early warning and controls the driving hoop mechanism 13 to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland, when the detection is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with the standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, compares the torque difference value delta A with the torque standard difference value to determine the torque adjustment quantity when the packing tightness is not proper, and when the determination is completed, the controller starts the servo motor 11 to rotationally compress the packing gland. Thereby can realize accomplishing to prevent earlier the back through pressure abrupt change value and moment of torsion regulating variable and administer to oil well wellhead oil gas leakage, thoroughly solve the environmental protection problem that oil well wellhead oil gas leaked, realize increasing oil gas output and green clean production.
Specifically, when the three-level novel packing gland 2 works, the controller controls the pressure acquisition sensor 26 to acquire the pressure of the secondary bearing layer 23 in real time, the controller sets the pressure of the secondary bearing layer 23 acquired by the pressure acquisition sensor 26 as an actual pressure F, and when the setting is completed, the controller compares the actual pressure F with a preset pressure to determine a pressure mutation value calculation parameter;
the controller is further provided with preset pressure and pressure mutation value calculation parameters, wherein the preset pressure comprises a first preset pressure F1, a second preset pressure F2 and a third preset pressure F3, and F1 is larger than F2 and smaller than F3; the pressure mutation value calculation parameters comprise a first calculation parameter sigma 1 of the pressure mutation value, a second calculation parameter sigma 2 of the pressure mutation value, a third calculation parameter sigma 3 of the pressure mutation value and a fourth calculation parameter sigma 4 of the pressure mutation value, wherein sigma 1 is more than sigma 2 and less than sigma 3 and less than sigma 4;
if F is less than F1, the controller judges that the pressure mutation value calculation parameter is sigma 1;
if F1 is less than or equal to F2, the controller judges the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value to be sigma 2;
if F2 is less than or equal to F3, the controller judges the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value to be sigma 3;
if F is larger than or equal to F3, the controller judges that the pressure change value calculation parameter is sigma 4.
Specifically, the actual pressure F is compared with the preset pressure to determine the pressure sudden change value calculation parameter, and then the pressure sudden change value Q is obtained through the preset formula, the pressure sudden change value calculation parameter is set to improve the calculation accuracy, so that oil and gas leakage of the oil well mouth can be prevented and treated firstly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environment-friendly problem of oil and gas leakage of the oil well mouth is solved thoroughly, and the oil and gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Specifically, when the controller determines that the pressure fluctuation value calculation parameter is sigma i, the controller calculates a pressure fluctuation value Q, when the calculation is completed, the controller compares the pressure fluctuation value Q with a standard pressure fluctuation value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, and when the controller determines that the oil gas leaks, the controller controls an alarm system to give an early warning;
if Q is not more than Q0, the controller judges that oil gas does not leak;
if Q is more than Q0, the controller judges that oil gas leaks;
wherein the standard pressure fluctuation value Q0 is set by the controller.
Specifically, the pressure sudden change value Q is compared with the standard pressure sudden change value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, and when the controller determines that the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to give an early warning alarm, so that the oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well can be prevented and treated firstly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environment-friendly problem of the oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well is solved completely, and the oil gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Specifically, the controller determines that the pressure fluctuation value calculation parameter is σ i, sets i to 1, 2,3,4, calculates the pressure fluctuation value Q,
when i is 1, set Q to F × σ 1 × (F/F1);
when i is 2, Q is set to F × σ 2 × [ (F2-F)/(F-F1) ];
when i is 3, Q is set to F × σ 3 × [ (F3-F)/(F-F2) ];
when i is 4, set Q to F × σ 4 × (F3/F);
where F denotes the pressure of the secondary pressure bearing layer 23 acquired by the pressure acquisition sensor 26, Fj denotes a j-th preset pressure, and j is set to 1, 2, and 3.
Specifically, when the controller determines that oil gas leaks, the controller also controls the driving hoop mechanism 13 to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland, the controller sets the torque measured in real time by the driving hoop mechanism 13 as an actual torque A, when the setting is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with a standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, and when the controller determines that the packing tightness is proper, the driving hoop mechanism 13 continues to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland;
if A is less than A0, the controller judges that the packing tightness is not appropriate;
if A is larger than or equal to A0, the controller judges that the packing tightness is proper;
therein, the standard torque a0 is set by the controller.
In this embodiment, the controller is provided with a packing gland in advance and compresses tightly the rotation torque threshold, and the threshold is more than or equal to the marking torque.
Specifically, the actual torque A is compared with the standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper or not, so that oil and gas leakage of an oil well mouth can be prevented and treated firstly and secondly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environmental protection problem of the oil and gas leakage of the oil well mouth is thoroughly solved, and the oil and gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Specifically, when the controller judges that the packing tightness is not appropriate, the controller calculates a torque difference value delta A, when the calculation is completed, the controller compares the torque difference value delta A with a torque standard difference value to determine a torque adjustment amount, when the controller determines that the torque adjustment amount is Li, the controller starts the servo motor 11 to rotationally compress the packing gland, the torque for rotationally compressing is Li, and i is set to be 1, 2,3 and 4;
wherein the controller is provided with a torque standard deviation value and a torque adjustment amount, the torque standard deviation value comprises a first torque standard deviation value delta A1, a second torque standard deviation value delta A2 and a third torque standard deviation value delta A3, wherein delta A1 is less than delta A2 is less than delta A3; the torque regulating quantity comprises a first torque regulating quantity L1, a second torque regulating quantity L2, a third torque regulating quantity L3 and a fourth torque regulating quantity L4, wherein L1 < L2 < L3 < L4;
if Δ A <. DELTA.A 1, the controller determines that the torque adjustment amount is L1;
if the delta A is not less than delta A1 and less than delta A2, the controller judges that the torque adjustment amount is L2;
if the delta A is not less than delta A2 and less than delta A3, the controller judges that the torque adjustment amount is L3;
if Δ A ≧ Δ A3, the controller determines the torque adjustment amount to be L4.
Specifically, the torque difference value delta A is compared with the torque standard difference value to determine the torque regulating quantity, so that oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well can be prevented and treated firstly through the pressure sudden change value and the torque regulating quantity, the environmental protection problem of the oil gas leakage at the wellhead of the oil well is thoroughly solved, and the oil gas yield is increased and green clean production is realized.
Specifically, when the controller judges that the packing tightness is not appropriate, the controller calculates a torque difference value Δ a, and the calculation formula is as follows:
△A＝(A0-A)×(A0/A)；
where a represents the torque measured in real time to actuate the clip mechanism 13 and a0 represents the standard torque.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-level detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage, comprising:
the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism is used for automatically tightening a packing according to set torque, the novel three-level packing gland is used for preventing an oil-gas well mouth from being directly connected with the outside, and the control system is used for remotely controlling the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism and the novel three-level packing gland operation to prevent the well mouth packing from being leaked;
the novel three-stage packing gland is provided with a packing box, a first-stage gland, a second-stage bearing layer, a third-stage grease lubricating layer and a top gland, wherein the packing box, the first-stage gland, the second-stage bearing layer, the third-stage grease lubricating layer and the top gland are sequentially connected, and a pressure acquisition sensor is arranged on the second-stage bearing layer and used for acquiring the pressure of the second-stage bearing layer in real time;
the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, a driving clamp mechanism, a sliding guide bar and a fixing clamp, wherein the servo motor is connected with the speed reducer, the driving clamp structure is connected onto the speed reducer, the sliding guide bar is connected below the driving clamp structure, and the fixing clamp is fixed on the outer surface of the packing box through two semicircular clamp buckles and is integrated with the sliding guide bar;
the control system is provided with a controller and an alarm system, the controller is connected with the alarm system and used for controlling the automatic packing gland tightening mechanism and the three-stage novel packing gland operation, and the alarm system is used for carrying out early warning according to instructions of the controller;
when the three-stage novel packing gland works, the controller controls the pressure acquisition sensor to acquire the pressure of the second-stage bearing layer in real time, when the acquisition is completed, the controller compares the actual pressure F with the preset pressure to determine the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value and further obtains the pressure mutation value Q through the preset formula, when the pressure mutation value Q is obtained, the controller compares the pressure mutation value Q with the standard pressure mutation value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, if the oil gas leaks, the controller controls the alarm system to perform early warning alarm and controls the driving hoop mechanism to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland, when the detection is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with the standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, and compares the torque difference value delta A with the torque standard difference value to determine the torque adjustment quantity when the packing tightness is improper, when the packing gland is determined, the controller starts the servo motor to rotate and compress the packing gland.
2. The multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing the packing leakage of the wellhead as claimed in claim 1, wherein during operation of the three-stage novel packing gland, the controller controls the pressure acquisition sensor to acquire the pressure of the secondary bearing layer in real time, the controller sets the pressure of the secondary bearing layer acquired by the pressure acquisition sensor as an actual pressure F, and when the setting is completed, the controller compares the actual pressure F with a preset pressure to determine a pressure jump value calculation parameter;
the controller is further provided with preset pressure and pressure mutation value calculation parameters, wherein the preset pressure comprises a first preset pressure F1, a second preset pressure F2 and a third preset pressure F3, and F1 is larger than F2 and smaller than F3; the pressure mutation value calculation parameters comprise a first calculation parameter sigma 1 of the pressure mutation value, a second calculation parameter sigma 2 of the pressure mutation value, a third calculation parameter sigma 3 of the pressure mutation value and a fourth calculation parameter sigma 4 of the pressure mutation value, wherein sigma 1 is more than sigma 2 and less than sigma 3 and less than sigma 4;
if F is less than F1, the controller judges that the pressure mutation value calculation parameter is sigma 1;
if F1 is less than or equal to F2, the controller judges the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value to be sigma 2;
if F2 is less than or equal to F3, the controller judges the calculation parameter of the pressure mutation value to be sigma 3;
if F is larger than or equal to F3, the controller judges that the pressure change value calculation parameter is sigma 4.
3. The multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage according to claim 2, characterized in that when the controller determines that a pressure fluctuation value calculation parameter is σ i, the controller calculates a pressure fluctuation value Q, when the calculation is completed, the controller compares the pressure fluctuation value Q with a standard pressure fluctuation value Q0 to determine whether oil gas leaks, and when the controller determines that the oil gas leaks, the controller controls an alarm system to give an early warning;
if Q is not more than Q0, the controller judges that oil gas does not leak;
if Q is more than Q0, the controller judges that oil gas leaks;
wherein the standard pressure fluctuation value Q0 is set by the controller.
4. The multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing the packing leakage of the wellhead according to claim 3, wherein when the controller determines that the pressure fluctuation value calculation parameter is σ i, i is set to 1, 2,3,4, the controller calculates a pressure fluctuation value Q,
when i is 1, set Q to F × σ 1 × (F/F1);
when i is 2, Q is set to F × σ 2 × [ (F2-F)/(F-F1) ];
when i is 3, Q is set to F × σ 3 × [ (F3-F)/(F-F2) ];
when i is 4, set Q to F × σ 4 × (F3/F);
wherein, F represents the pressure of the secondary pressure bearing layer acquired by the pressure acquisition sensor, Fj represents the jth preset pressure, and j is set to be 1, 2, and 3.
5. The multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing wellhead packing leakage according to claim 3, characterized in that when the controller determines that oil gas leaks, the controller also controls the drive hoop mechanism to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland, the controller sets the torque measured in real time by the drive hoop mechanism as an actual torque A, when the setting is completed, the controller compares the actual torque A with a standard torque A0 to determine whether the packing tightness is proper, and when the controller determines that the packing tightness is proper, the drive hoop mechanism continues to detect the torque for compressing and rotating the packing gland;
if A is less than A0, the controller judges that the packing tightness is not appropriate;
if A is larger than or equal to A0, the controller judges that the packing tightness is proper;
therein, the standard torque a0 is set by the controller.
6. The multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing the packing leakage of the wellhead as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the controller determines that the packing tightness is improper, the controller calculates a torque difference value Δ A, when the calculation is completed, the controller compares the torque difference value Δ A with a torque standard difference value to determine a torque adjustment amount, when the controller determines that the torque adjustment amount is Li, the controller starts a servo motor to rotationally tighten the packing gland, the torque of the rotational tightening is Li, and i is set to be 1, 2,3, 4;
wherein the controller is provided with a torque standard deviation value and a torque adjustment amount, the torque standard deviation value comprises a first torque standard deviation value delta A1, a second torque standard deviation value delta A2 and a third torque standard deviation value delta A3, wherein delta A1 is less than delta A2 is less than delta A3; the torque regulating quantity comprises a first torque regulating quantity L1, a second torque regulating quantity L2, a third torque regulating quantity L3 and a fourth torque regulating quantity L4, wherein L1 < L2 < L3 < L4;
if Δ A <. DELTA.A 1, the controller determines that the torque adjustment amount is L1;
if the delta A is not less than delta A1 and less than delta A2, the controller judges that the torque adjustment amount is L2;
if the delta A is not less than delta A2 and less than delta A3, the controller judges that the torque adjustment amount is L3;
if Δ A ≧ Δ A3, the controller determines the torque adjustment amount to be L4.
7. The multi-stage detection self-tightening protection system for preventing the packing leakage of the wellhead according to claim 6, wherein when the controller judges that the packing tightness is improper, the controller calculates a torque difference value Δ A, and the calculation formula is as follows:
△A＝(A0-A)×(A0/A)；
where a represents the torque measured in real time to actuate the clip mechanism and a0 represents the standard torque.
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| CN202110947336.9A CN113701956A (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2021-08-18 | A multistage detection is from screwing up protection system for preventing well head packing from leaking |
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| CN202110947336.9A CN113701956A (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2021-08-18 | A multistage detection is from screwing up protection system for preventing well head packing from leaking |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114151319A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 烟台杰瑞石油服务集团股份有限公司 | Packing adjusting system and method |
| CN115326267A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-11-11 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Logging cable tension measurement alarm instrument and use method thereof |
| WO2023092806A1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 烟台杰瑞石油服务集团股份有限公司 | Packing leakage detection system and method |
-
2021
- 2021-08-18 CN CN202110947336.9A patent/CN113701956A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114151319A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 烟台杰瑞石油服务集团股份有限公司 | Packing adjusting system and method |
| WO2023092806A1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 烟台杰瑞石油服务集团股份有限公司 | Packing leakage detection system and method |
| WO2023092836A1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 烟台杰瑞石油服务集团股份有限公司 | Packing adjustment system and method |
| CN115326267A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-11-11 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Logging cable tension measurement alarm instrument and use method thereof |
| CN115326267B (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-24 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Logging cable tension measurement alarm instrument and use method thereof |
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