CN113701705A - Automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of tunnel section - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of tunnel section Download PDFInfo
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- CN113701705A CN113701705A CN202110852516.9A CN202110852516A CN113701705A CN 113701705 A CN113701705 A CN 113701705A CN 202110852516 A CN202110852516 A CN 202110852516A CN 113701705 A CN113701705 A CN 113701705A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section. It comprises the following steps: drilling a hole in one side of the section of the deformed tunnel towards the deep part of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and embedding the multipoint displacement meter in the drilled hole; installing a plurality of hard pipes on the inner wall or inside of a tunnel lining structure one by one, wherein two adjacent hard pipes are connected by adopting a hose, and an acceleration sensor is installed in each hard pipe; mounting a mounting base at the drill hole, and firmly connecting the mounting base with a single hard pipe corresponding to one end head of the array displacement meter; connecting data acquisition equipment with the array displacement meter and the multipoint displacement meter respectively; and connecting the terminal equipment with the data acquisition equipment, receiving the monitoring data uploaded by the data acquisition equipment by the terminal equipment, and analyzing and calculating the monitoring data by using the equipped software. The method superposes the relative deformation data and the absolute deformation data to obtain the absolute deformation data of the immobile point of the inner wall of the tunnel section relative to the deep part of the surrounding rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel deformation monitoring, in particular to an automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section.
Background
The water delivery engineering is an effective way for solving the problem of uneven space-time distribution of water resources in China, and a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM), a shield Tunnel, a drilling and blasting Tunnel and the like are main forms of the water delivery engineering. The tunnels usually pass through urban underground, mountains, rivers and the like, but TBM or shield machine construction and drilling, blasting, excavating and blasting can affect adjacent rock-soil body strata or ground buildings, and problems of overlarge ground settlement, uneven ground settlement and the like can be caused. The full-section deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock is an index for visually evaluating the influence degree and is an important basis for judging the safety of the tunnel in the construction process, so that the method has important significance for timely and continuously acquiring the full-section deformation form of the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock.
At present, in the actual tunnel engineering, the conventional monitoring method for the deformation of the inner wall of the surrounding rock of the tunnel comprises the following steps: convergence measurement, basett method, total station method, etc. The convergence meter method is characterized in that hooks are arranged on the ring direction of the section of the tunnel manually, and the distance between the two hooks is measured by a steel ruler convergence meter. The Basette method is to measure the convergence deformation of the tunnel by using a triangular structure consisting of a long arm and a short arm and an inclination sensor on the arm, wherein the triangular structure influences the passing area of the tunnel. The total station method adopts a manual station to perform optical observation on different measuring points on a section at a fixed point outside the section, and calculates vault settlement or horizontal convergence deformation data through conversion.
When deformation observation is carried out on the inner walls of surrounding rocks of a TBM tunnel, a shield tunnel and a tunnel by a drilling and blasting method, the observed space is narrow, the observation time is very limited, and the conventional monitoring method generally has the problems of low automation degree, high observation cost, influence on main body construction, section passing and the like. Although the patent "an automatic monitoring system for convergence deformation of tunnel cross section" (publication number: CN110186420a) can realize automatic monitoring of convergence deformation of tunnel cross section, its measurement result is relative deformation of tunnel cross section relative to the head or tail end of the monitoring device, and the connection between deformation data and external immobile point cannot be established, i.e. absolute deformation data of tunnel cross section cannot be obtained. The method can only obtain the local relative deformation condition of the tunnel section, cannot obtain the whole absolute deformation, and is difficult to accurately and comprehensively judge the absolute deformation rule of the tunnel full section.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section, which realizes automatic monitoring of the absolute deformation of the full section of the inner wall of surrounding rock of the tunnel, reduces the manual observation cost and avoids the defect of unclear knowledge of the absolute deformation rule of the tunnel section because only the relative deformation of the tunnel section is monitored.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), according to a deformed tunnel section determined by tunnel engineering monitoring design, drilling towards the deep part of surrounding rock of a tunnel on one side of the tunnel section, embedding N measuring rods with different lengths in a multipoint displacement meter in the drilling hole in parallel at intervals, wherein one end of each measuring rod is provided with a displacement sensor, the other end of each measuring rod is provided with an anchor head which is connected with the deep part of the surrounding rock in an anchoring manner, and the anchor head at the deepest position is regarded as a fixed point at the deep part of the surrounding rock;
step 2), determining the length and the number of single hard pipes in the array displacement meter according to the section size of the tunnel, mounting a plurality of hard pipes on the inner wall or the inner part of a lining structure of the tunnel one by one, connecting two adjacent hard pipes by adopting hoses, and mounting acceleration sensors in the single hard pipe;
step 3), mounting a mounting base which can penetrate through the measuring rod at the hole of the drilled hole, and firmly connecting the mounting base with a single hard tube corresponding to one end of the array displacement meter;
step 4), connecting the data acquisition equipment with the array displacement meter and the multipoint displacement meter respectively, and acquiring and storing monitoring data of the array displacement meter and the multipoint displacement meter in real time;
and 5), connecting the terminal equipment with the data acquisition equipment, sending an automatic remote measurement instruction to the data acquisition equipment by the terminal equipment to obtain various monitoring data, receiving the monitoring data uploaded by the data acquisition equipment, and analyzing and calculating the monitoring data by using the equipped software to obtain absolute deformation data of the inner wall of the section of the tunnel relative to the stationary point of the deep part of the surrounding rock.
Further, in the step 1), a hole is drilled in the horizontal direction from one side of the section of the tunnel to the deep part of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, N measuring rods with different lengths are horizontally buried in the horizontal hole, and the longest measuring rod corresponds to a displacement sensor which is used for monitoring the absolute displacement data of the drilling hole opening relative to the fixed point of the deep part of the surrounding rock in real time.
Further, the depth of the drilled hole is larger than two tunnel diameters.
Further, N is 6 or less.
Furthermore, each measuring rod is provided with support rings at intervals along the length direction for preventing the measuring rod from knotting or twisting.
Further, the displacement sensor is fixed on the mounting base through a mounting plate.
Furthermore, in the step 2), acceleration sensors are arranged in the middle of each section of the hard tube, and each acceleration sensor is used for monitoring deformation form data of the inner wall of the tunnel at the corresponding position in real time, so that the array displacement meter which deforms in cooperation with the tunnel section can determine the relative deformation form data of the tunnel section relative to one end of the array displacement meter.
Furthermore, the lengths of the single hard pipe are 0.3m, 0.5m and 1.0 m.
Furthermore, the array displacement meter also comprises clamping devices which correspond to two ends of the plurality of hard tubes one by one, and the clamping devices are fixedly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the tunnel lining structure and used for clamping and fixing the hard tubes corresponding to the clamping devices.
Furthermore, the fixture is connected with a corresponding expansion screw on the inner wall of the tunnel lining structure, and the expansion screw is arranged in an expansion hole drilled on the inner wall of the tunnel lining structure.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides an automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section, which comprises the steps of monitoring the relative deformation of the tunnel section relative to one end head of an array displacement meter in real time on one hand, monitoring the absolute displacement of a drilling hole relative to a surrounding rock deep immobile point in real time on the other hand, and superposing the relative deformation data and the absolute deformation data to obtain the absolute deformation data of the inner wall of the tunnel section relative to the surrounding rock deep immobile point.
Different from the conventional monitoring method, the invention can greatly reduce the monitoring cost on the premise of ensuring high-frequency and high-precision monitoring. Compared with the patent 'an automatic monitoring system for convergence deformation of a tunnel section' (publication number: CN110186420A), the invention avoids the defect that the absolute deformation rule of the tunnel section is not known clearly because the relative deformation of the tunnel section is only monitored.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structural member arrangement front view structure in the automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the array displacement gauge of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the multipoint displacement gauge of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the automated monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel cross section according to the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises an array displacement meter 1, a hard pipe 11, a hose 12, an acceleration sensor 13, a clamp 14, a multipoint displacement meter 2, a measuring rod 21, a first measuring rod 21-1, a second measuring rod 21-2, a third measuring rod 21-3, a displacement sensor 22, a mounting base 23, a mounting plate 24, a fixing bolt 25, an anchor head 26, a support ring 27, data acquisition equipment 3, terminal equipment 4, a lining structure 5, surrounding rocks 6 and a drill hole 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention discloses an automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section, which comprises the following steps:
step 1), according to the deformation tunnel section that tunnel engineering monitoring design confirmed, drill to 6 deep in tunnel country rock on one side of deformation tunnel section, bury measuring staff 21 parallel, the interval that N length is different in the multiple spot displacement meter 2 in drill hole 7, every displacement sensor 22 is all installed to measuring staff 21 one end, and other end is equipped with the anchor head 26 of being connected with 6 deep anchors of country rock, deepest position department the anchor head 26 is regarded as 6 deep immobile spots of country rock.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in the above technical solution, a hole is drilled in a horizontal direction from one side of the cross section of the deformed tunnel to the deep portion of the surrounding rock 6 of the tunnel, three measuring rods 21 with different lengths in the multipoint displacement meter 2 are horizontally embedded in the drilled hole 7, and the three measuring rods 21 are stainless steel measuring rods respectively. Wherein the length of the first measuring rod 21-1 is 30 meters, the length of the second measuring rod 21-2 is 15 meters, and the length of the third measuring rod 21-3 is 5 meters.
The displacement sensor 22 is used to monitor in real time absolute displacement data at the bore 7 aperture relative to the location of the corresponding staff anchor head 26. The anchor head 26 at the other end of the first measuring rod 21-1 (i.e. the longest measuring rod) is regarded as a deep immobile point of the surrounding rock 6. The displacement sensor 22 at one end of the first measuring rod 21-1 (namely the longest measuring rod) is used for monitoring the absolute displacement vector of the hole opening of the borehole 7 relative to the deep immobile point of the surrounding rock 6 in real time. The tunnel diameter is 6m, and the 7 hole depths of horizontal drilling are 30 m. And the diameter of the drill hole 7 is 200mm (the diameter of the drill hole 7 is determined according to the size of the multipoint displacement meter 2, the diameter of the drill hole 7 is not limited by the method, and the diameter of the rest drill hole 7 of 29.5m is 110mm between the distance from the tunnel wall to the deep part of the surrounding rock and 0.5 m.
Due to the limitations of installation space and installation conditions, the stainless steel measuring rod 21 is selected to be assembled on site at the hole 7 of the drill hole. The safety line is used during installation so that the measuring staff 21 can be pulled back if necessary.
The assembly of the measuring staff 21 requires an orderly organization, the installation must be started in the order from the longest measuring staff to the shortest measuring staff, and each measuring staff 21 is connected from the anchor head 26 first, and the connected length is noted to control the installation position of the next anchor head 26. The mark of the anchor head (measuring point) 26 is made in the installation process to prevent the position of the anchor head 26 from being mixed, a safety rope is tied on each anchor head 26, and a support ring 27 is installed on each measuring rod 21 at a certain distance to prevent the measuring rods 21 from knotting and twisting.
The mounting base 23 is preassembled before mounting as much as possible, which not only conveniently overcomes the defects of narrow construction site and inconvenience, but also can improve the work efficiency by times. The measuring rod 21 and the mounting base 23 are correspondingly connected on site according to the number of the measuring rod 21, meanwhile, the displacement sensor 22 is inserted into a mounting hole in the mounting plate 24, after the measuring rod 21 reaches a connection point, the displacement sensor 22 applies certain pressure to the connection direction and is clockwise screwed into a connection hole in the top of the measuring rod 21, and finally, the mounting plate 24 and the mounting base 23 are connected and screwed down through the fixing bolt 25. The position of the longest measuring rod 21-1 extending out of the mounting base 23 is firmly connected with one end of the array displacement meter 1, the anchor head 26 of the measuring rod 21-1 is anchored at a position which is dozens of meters deep in surrounding rock of the tunnel, the anchor head 26 can be regarded as an immobile point, and the displacement sensor 22 of the measuring rod 21-1 is used for monitoring absolute displacement data of the orifice of the drill hole 7 relative to the immobile point at the deep part of the surrounding rock 6 in real time.
And 2), determining the length and the number of single hard pipes 11 in the array displacement meter 1 according to the section size of the tunnel, mounting a plurality of hard pipes 11 on the inner wall or the inner part of the tunnel lining structure 5 one by one, connecting two adjacent hard pipes 11 by using hoses 12, and mounting acceleration sensors 13 on the single hard pipes 11.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the above technical solution, the array displacement meter 1 is disposed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel lining structure 5, the array displacement meter 1 further includes clamps 14 corresponding to two ends of the plurality of hard tubes 11, and the clamps 14 are fixedly disposed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel lining structure 5 and used for clamping and fixing the hard tubes 11 corresponding thereto. In the installation process, according to single hard tube 11 length, beat the inflation hole in succession on lining cutting structure 5 inner wall, combine the inflation screw with fixture 14 install one by one on the inner wall, then block into fixture 14 with array displacement meter 1's hard tube 11 one by one to make tunnel section and array displacement meter 1 warp in coordination, realize the sensing to the relative deformation of tunnel. Every section 11 middle part of hard tube all is equipped with acceleration sensor 13, every acceleration sensor 13 is used for the deformation form data of real-time supervision corresponding position department tunnel inner wall to make array displacement meter 1 with tunnel section deformation in coordination can confirm the relative deformation form data of tunnel section for array displacement meter 1 one end.
The length specification of the single hard pipe 11 is 0.3m, 0.5m and 1.0 m. In the above technical scheme, a single section of the hard pipe 11 is 0.3m in length.
And 3) firmly connecting the pre-installed installation base 23 with the single hard tube 11 corresponding to the end head of one end of the array displacement meter 1 at the hole of the drill 7, wherein a welding mode can be adopted, and the connection mode of the installation base 23 and the single hard tube 11 corresponding to the end head of one end of the array displacement meter 1 is not limited.
And 4), respectively connecting the data acquisition equipment 3 with the array displacement meter 1 and the multipoint displacement meter 2 through cables, and acquiring and storing the relative deformation form data of the tunnel section relative to one end head of the array displacement meter 1 and the absolute displacement data of the hole opening of the drill hole 7 relative to the stationary point at the deep part of the surrounding rock 6 in real time.
And 5), connecting the terminal equipment 4 with the data acquisition equipment 3 through a cable, and sending an automatic remote measuring instruction to the data acquisition equipment 3 by the terminal equipment 4 to obtain the relative deformation form data of the tunnel section relative to the end head at one end of the array displacement meter 1 and the absolute displacement data of the hole opening of the drill hole 7 relative to the deep immobile point of the surrounding rock 6. The terminal equipment 4 receives monitoring data uploaded by the data acquisition equipment 3, analyzes and calculates relative deformation form data of the tunnel section relative to one end head of the array displacement meter 1 and absolute displacement data of an immobile point at the orifice of the drill hole 7 relative to the deep part of the surrounding rock 6 by using equipped software, and superposes an absolute displacement vector measured by the displacement sensor 22 corresponding to the longest measuring rod 21-1 and a relative vector measured by the array displacement meter 1 to obtain the absolute deformation data of the inner wall of the tunnel section relative to the immobile point at the deep part of the surrounding rock 6. The specific process flow is shown in fig. 4.
The invention relates to a monitoring system corresponding to an automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section, which comprises the following steps: the array displacement meter 1 is used for monitoring the relative deformation of the section of the tunnel in real time, the array displacement meter 1 is arranged on the inner wall or inside the lining structure 5 of the tunnel, the end head at one end of the array displacement meter 1 is provided with the multipoint displacement meter 2, and the multipoint displacement meter 2 is embedded in a drill hole 7 from the tunnel wall to the deep part of a surrounding rock 6 and is used for monitoring the absolute displacement of an orifice of the drill hole 7 relative to a stationary point at the deep part of the surrounding rock 6 in real time; the system also comprises a data acquisition device 3 and a terminal device 4, wherein the data acquisition device 3 is respectively connected with the array displacement meter 1 and the multipoint displacement meter 2 and is used for acquiring and storing monitoring data of the array displacement meter 1 and the multipoint displacement meter 2 in real time; and the terminal equipment 4 is connected with the data acquisition equipment 3 and is used for sending an automatic remote measuring instruction to the data acquisition equipment 3, receiving the monitoring data uploaded by the data acquisition equipment 3 and carrying out related data analysis to obtain absolute deformation data of the inner wall of the section of the tunnel relative to the deep immobile point of the surrounding rock 6.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of a tunnel section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), according to a deformed tunnel section determined by tunnel engineering monitoring design, drilling towards the deep part of tunnel surrounding rock (6) on one side of the tunnel section, embedding N measuring rods (21) with different lengths in a multipoint displacement meter (2) in a drilled hole (7) in parallel at intervals, wherein one end of each measuring rod (21) is provided with a displacement sensor (22), the other end of each measuring rod is provided with an anchor head (26) connected with the deep part of the surrounding rock (6) in an anchoring manner, and the anchor head (26) at the deepest position is regarded as a deep immovable point of the surrounding rock (6);
step 2), determining the length and the number of single hard pipes (11) in the array displacement meter (1) according to the size of the section of the tunnel, mounting a plurality of hard pipes (11) on the inner wall or the inner part of a tunnel lining structure (5) one by one, connecting two adjacent hard pipes (11) by using hoses (12), and mounting acceleration sensors (13) in the single hard pipe (11);
step 3), mounting a mounting base (23) which can penetrate through the measuring rod (21) at the hole opening of the drill hole (7), and firmly connecting the mounting base (23) with the single hard tube (11) corresponding to the end head at one end of the array displacement meter (1);
step 4), the data acquisition equipment (3) is respectively connected with the array displacement meter (1) and the multipoint displacement meter (2) to acquire and store the monitoring data of the array displacement meter (1) and the multipoint displacement meter (2) in real time;
and 5), connecting the terminal equipment (4) with the data acquisition equipment (3), sending an automatic remote measuring instruction to the data acquisition equipment (3) by the terminal equipment (4) to obtain various monitoring data, receiving the monitoring data uploaded by the data acquisition equipment (3), and analyzing and calculating the monitoring data by using the equipped software to obtain the absolute deformation data of the inner wall of the section of the tunnel relative to the deep immobile point of the surrounding rock (6).
2. The automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of the section of the tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), a hole is drilled in the horizontal direction from one side of the section of the tunnel to the deep part of surrounding rock (6) of the tunnel, N measuring rods (21) with different lengths are horizontally buried in the horizontal drilled hole (7), and the displacement sensor (22) corresponding to the longest measuring rod (21) is used for monitoring the absolute displacement data of the hole opening of the drilled hole (7) relative to the deep immovable point of the surrounding rock (6) in real time.
3. The automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of the section of the tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hole depth of the drilling hole (7) is larger than two times of the diameter of the tunnel.
4. The automatic monitoring system of the absolute deformation of the tunnel section according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: and N is less than or equal to 6.
5. The automatic monitoring system of the absolute deformation of the tunnel section according to claim 4, characterized in that: and each measuring rod (21) is provided with support rings (27) at intervals along the length direction for preventing the measuring rods (21) from knotting or twisting.
6. The automatic monitoring system of the absolute deformation of the tunnel section according to claim 5, characterized in that: the displacement sensor (22) is fixed on the mounting base (23) through a mounting plate (24).
7. The automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of the section of the tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2), acceleration sensors (13) are arranged in the middle of each hard tube (11), and each acceleration sensor (13) is used for monitoring deformation form data of the inner wall of the tunnel at the corresponding position in real time, so that the array displacement meter (1) which deforms in cooperation with the tunnel section can determine the relative deformation form data of the tunnel section relative to one end of the array displacement meter (1).
8. The automatic monitoring system of the absolute deformation of the tunnel section according to claim 7, characterized in that: the length specifications of the single hard tube (11) are 0.3m, 0.5m and 1.0 m.
9. The automatic monitoring system of the absolute deformation of the tunnel section according to claim 8, characterized in that: the array displacement meter (1) further comprises clamping devices (14) which correspond to the two ends of the plurality of hard tubes (11) one by one, wherein the clamping devices (14) are fixedly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the tunnel lining structure (5) and used for clamping and fixing the hard tubes (11) corresponding to the clamping devices.
10. The automatic monitoring system of the absolute deformation of the tunnel section according to claim 9, characterized in that: the fixture (14) is connected with a corresponding expansion screw on the inner wall of the tunnel lining structure (5), and the expansion screw is arranged in an expansion hole drilled on the inner wall of the tunnel lining structure (5).
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| CN116698204A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | High-precision surrounding rock temperature monitoring system and monitoring method suitable for low-temperature environment |
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