CN113700482A - Mining method - Google Patents
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- CN113700482A CN113700482A CN202111267227.9A CN202111267227A CN113700482A CN 113700482 A CN113700482 A CN 113700482A CN 202111267227 A CN202111267227 A CN 202111267227A CN 113700482 A CN113700482 A CN 113700482A
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a mining method, which relates to the technical field of mining and comprises the following steps: dividing a body to be mined into ore sections along the trend of the ore body; arranging studs at two ends of the ore section along the trend of the ore body; dividing ore sections along the trend of an ore body to form a first side stope, a first secondary stope, a central stope, a second secondary stope and a second side stope, wherein the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope are arranged at intervals in sequence, and a main stope is formed in a partition area; stoping the first-side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second-side stope; and (5) carrying out stoping on the main stope. According to the mining method provided by the invention, the traditional ore block production unit is replaced by the ore section, and the size of the stope can be increased so as to realize large-scale mining. And moreover, the stoping sequence of each stope is planned, so that the technical problem of stress concentration can be relieved, and the stability of the stope is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a mining method.
Background
Deep well mining causes great adverse effects on stope stability due to high ground stress, and ground pressure control of deep well mining becomes an important mining engineering problem. Most technical schemes are designed by taking unloading as a core so as to achieve the aims of reducing the stress level of a mining area and realizing safe mining. By adjusting the stoping sequence and adopting local weakening measures at proper positions of a stope, the stress concentration degree is reduced, the stress distribution state of the surrounding rock is adjusted, the stress concentration position is transferred to the deep part, a low-stress unloading ring is formed on the near surface layer of the stope, and a stress-concentrated self-bearing ring is formed at the deep part of the surrounding rock. But a single pressure relief arch is formed, the range of transferring the stress to the depth of the surrounding rock is limited, and the size of the ore block is small. Moreover, the weakening measure of the excavated vertical groove leads to the increase of construction amount, the stress condition of the vertical groove filling body in a stress concentration area is worsened when the adjacent stopes are excavated, and the stope stability is worsened. The blast hole unloading method can only carry out unloading on local parts, and has the technical problem of small effective action range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mining method to solve the technical problems of poor stope stability and small stope size in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of mining comprising the steps of:
dividing a body to be mined into ore sections along the trend of the ore body;
arranging studs at two ends of the ore section along the trend of the ore body;
dividing the ore section along the trend of the ore body to form a first side stope, a first secondary stope, a central stope, a second secondary stope and a second side stope, wherein the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope are sequentially arranged at intervals, and a main stope is formed in a partition area;
stoping the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope, and the second side stope;
and carrying out stoping on the main stope.
With reference to the first aspect, the present disclosure provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope, and the second side stope are respectively filled after stoping of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope, and the second side stope.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein, in the step of separately filling the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the center stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope:
any one of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the second secondary stope, and the second side stope is unequal in filling strength to the central stope.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the filling strength of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope is 1MPa to 2MPa in 28-day compressive strength.
With reference to the second possible embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth possible embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the filling strength of the central stope is between 2MPa and 3MPa under 28-day compressive strength.
With reference to the first aspect, the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the main stope is filled after the main stope is stoped.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein in the step of filling the main stope, the filling strength of the main stope is 0.2MPa to 0.5MPa in 28-day compressive strength.
With reference to the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the thickness of the ore body to be mined is 10m to 20m, and the length of the ore section is 100m to 150 m.
With reference to the first aspect, the present invention provides an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the width of the middle pillar is 10m to 15 m.
With reference to the first aspect, the present invention provides a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the heights of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope, the second side stope and the main stope are 10m to 20m, and the lengths of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope, the second side stope and the main stope are 50m to 70 m;
the width of the first lateral stope and the width of the second lateral stope are 8 m-10 m, the width of the first secondary stope and the width of the second secondary stope are 10 m-13 m, and the width of the central stope and the width of the main stope are 13 m-15 m.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the mining method comprises the following steps: dividing a body to be mined into ore sections along the trend of the ore body; arranging studs at two ends of the ore section along the trend of the ore body; dividing ore sections along the trend of an ore body to form a first side stope, a first secondary stope, a central stope, a second secondary stope and a second side stope, wherein the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope are arranged at intervals in sequence, and a main stope is formed in a partition area; stoping the first-side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second-side stope; and (5) carrying out stoping on the main stope. The ore section is used as a production unit through dividing the ore section, the traditional ore block production unit is replaced, and the size of a stope can be increased so as to realize large-scale mining. And moreover, the stoping sequence of each stope is planned, so that the technical problem of stress concentration can be relieved, and the stability of the stope is improved.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a mine section provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention at section A-A;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a mine section at section B-B according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 01-stud; 02-first side stope; 03-first secondary stope; 04-central stope; 05-second secondary stope; 06-second side stope; 07-main stope; 08-drift; 09-contact channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "physical quantity" in the formula, unless otherwise noted, is understood to mean a basic quantity of a basic unit of international system of units, or a derived quantity derived from a basic quantity by a mathematical operation such as multiplication, division, differentiation, or integration.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
dividing a body to be mined into ore sections along the trend of the ore body; arranging studs 01 at two ends of the ore section along the trend of the ore body; dividing mine sections along the trend of a mine body to form a first side stope 02, a first secondary stope 03, a central stope 04, a second secondary stope 05 and a second side stope 06, wherein the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the central stope 04, the second secondary stope 05 and the second side stope 06 are arranged at intervals in sequence, and a main stope 07 is formed in a partition area; stoping is carried out on a first-side stope 02, a first secondary stope 03, a central stope 04, a second secondary stope 05 and a second-side stope 06; and (5) carrying out stoping on the main stope 07.
In the embodiment, the mining field is used as a production unit by dividing the mining field, and the traditional ore block production unit is replaced, so that the size of the stope can be increased by 30-50% to realize large-scale mining. The stud 01 is adjacent to the connecting passage 09, the connecting passage 09 is perpendicular to the drift 08, and the connecting passage 09 connects the drifts 08. On the basis of taking the studs 01 at two ends as supports, the stoping sequence is as follows: stoping is performed on the first-side stope 02, the first-secondary stope 03, the central stope 04, the second-secondary stope 05 and the second-side stope 06, and stoping is performed on the main stope 07, so that filling and reinforcing of various stopes are facilitated, and stability of the stopes is improved.
In the process of stoping, the studs 01 at the two ends of the ore section are primary ore studs and play a strong supporting role for the roof. When the main stope 07 is recovered, a composite pressure relief arch will be formed in the upper surrounding rock. The production capacity of the ore section is 2000t/d, the depletion rate is 8 percent, and the loss rate is 8 percent.
Further, after stoping the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the central stope 04, the second secondary stope 05, and the second side stope 06, the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the central stope 04, the second secondary stope 05, and the second side stope 06 are respectively filled.
The materials filled in the first lateral stope 02 and the second lateral stope 06 form a stope side filling body jamb, the materials filled in the first secondary stope 03 and the second secondary stope 05 form a secondary filling body jamb, the materials filled in the central stope 04 form a central filling body jamb, and under the condition of filling to form the jamb, the main stope 07 of the compartment area can be reinforced.
In the steps of filling the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the central stope 04, the second secondary stope 05 and the second side stope 06, respectively:
any one of the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the second secondary stope 05, and the second side stope 06 is not equal in filling strength to the center stope 04.
Specifically, the first lateral stope 02 and the second lateral stope 06 serve as lateral stopes, the first secondary stope 03 and the second secondary stope 05 serve as secondary stopes, and the lateral stopes and the secondary stopes are different from the filling strength of the central stope 04, so that reasonable distribution of the strength of the ore pillar is achieved, and safety problems caused by stress concentration are relieved.
The supporting cooperation of the central filling body ore pillar, the secondary filling body ore pillar and the side filling body ore pillar with higher strength formed in the middle of the ore section controls the proper sinking of the roof. When the main stope 07 is mined, a composite pressure relief stress arch is formed in the upper surrounding rock.
Furthermore, the filling strength of the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the second secondary stope 05 and the second side stope 06 is 1 MPa-2 MPa after 28 days, the filling strength of the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the second secondary stope 05 and the second side stope 06 all adopt common strength filling bodies, the filling strength of the common strength filling bodies is 1 MPa-2 MPa after 28 days, and the value of the compression strength can be selected to be 1.2MPa, 1.3MPa, 1.5MPa, 1.7MPa or 1.8 MPa.
Furthermore, the 28-day compressive strength of the central stope 04 is 2MPa to 3MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength of the central filling body ore column can be 2.1MPa, 2.3MPa, 2.5MPa, 2.6MPa, 2.7MPa or 2.8 MPa.
Further, after the main stope 07 is stoped, the main stope 07 is filled.
The main stope 07 is a large stope, and after the main stope 07 is filled, a large stope filling body may be formed in the main stope 07.
Further, in the step of filling the main stope 07, the filling strength of the main stope 07 is 0.2MPa to 0.5MPa in compressive strength for 28 days. The 28-day compressive strength can be selected to be 0.3MPa or 0.4 MPa.
The relationship between the elastic modulus ratio (r) of the rock mass and the filling body, the original rock transfer pressure and the filling body ore pillar pressure is as follows:
when the elastic-modulus ratio of the rock mass to the filling body is reduced, the transfer pressure of the original rock is gradually increased, and the pressure of the ore pillar of the filling body is gradually reduced. When the elastic modulus ratio of the rock mass to the filling body is less than 1000, the change rates of the original rock transfer pressure and the ore pillar pressure are large. When the general value r is 800-1000, the pressure relief stress arch structure can be formed by matching the packing body ore pillar yielding support and surrounding rock.
Furthermore, the thickness of the ore body to be mined is 10 m-20 m, the length of the ore section is 100 m-150 m, and the width of the stud 01 is 10 m-15 m;
the height of the first side stope 02, the first secondary stope 03, the central stope 04, the second secondary stope 05, the second side stope 06 and the main stope 07 is 10 m-20 m, and the length is 50 m-70 m; the width of the first lateral stope 02 and the second lateral stope 06 is 8 m-10 m, the width of the first secondary stope 03 and the second secondary stope 05 is 10 m-13 m, and the width of the central stope 04 and the main stope 07 is 13 m-15 m. The supporting force of the ore pillar is similar to the weight of the rock shared in the stress arch of the ore section, so that the stable structure of the ore section can be ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A mining method, characterized by the steps of:
dividing a body to be mined into ore sections along the trend of the ore body;
arranging studs at two ends of the ore section along the trend of the ore body;
dividing the ore section along the trend of the ore body to form a first side stope, a first secondary stope, a central stope, a second secondary stope and a second side stope, wherein the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope are sequentially arranged at intervals, and a main stope is formed in a partition area;
stoping the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope, and the second side stope;
and carrying out stoping on the main stope.
2. A mining method according to claim 1, characterised in that the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope are filled after stoping of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope, respectively.
3. A mining method according to claim 2, characterised in that in the step of separately filling the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope:
any one of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the second secondary stope, and the second side stope is unequal in filling strength to the central stope.
4. A mining method according to claim 3, characterised in that the filling strength of the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the second secondary stope and the second side stope is between 1MPa and 2MPa in 28-day compressive strength.
5. A mining method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the filling strength of the central stope is between 2MPa and 3MPa in 28 day compressive strength.
6. A mining method according to claim 1, characterised in that the main stope is filled after the stope is stoped.
7. A mining method as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step of filling the main stope, the main stope has a fill strength of 0.2MPa to 0.5MPa 28 day compressive strength.
8. A mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the body to be mined is from 10m to 20m and the length of the ore section is from 100m to 150 m.
9. A mining method according to claim 1, characterised in that the width of the intermediate pillar is between 10 and 15 m.
10. A mining method according to claim 1, characterised in that the first side stope, the first secondary stope, the central stope, the second secondary stope, the second side stope and the main stope are 10-20 m in height and 50-70 m in length;
the width of the first lateral stope and the width of the second lateral stope are 8 m-10 m, the width of the first secondary stope and the width of the second secondary stope are 10 m-13 m, and the width of the central stope and the width of the main stope are 13 m-15 m.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2184850C1 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-07-10 | Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова (Технический университет) | Method of underground mining of thick flat deposits of low-hardness ores |
| CN104343453A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-02-11 | 武汉科技大学 | Filling mining method of slowly-inclined medium-thick ore deposit |
| CN105781551A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-20 | 贵州晨辉达矿业工程设计有限公司 | Horizontal strip type mixed filling mining method applicable to three-underground orebody mining |
| CN107165635A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-15 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | A kind of oblique pinpoint blasting mining codes for slight slope and thin ore body |
| CN113356851A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | Medium-thickness ore body continuous downward medium-length hole subsection open stoping subsequent filling mining method |
-
2021
- 2021-10-29 CN CN202111267227.9A patent/CN113700482B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2184850C1 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-07-10 | Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова (Технический университет) | Method of underground mining of thick flat deposits of low-hardness ores |
| CN104343453A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-02-11 | 武汉科技大学 | Filling mining method of slowly-inclined medium-thick ore deposit |
| CN105781551A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-20 | 贵州晨辉达矿业工程设计有限公司 | Horizontal strip type mixed filling mining method applicable to three-underground orebody mining |
| CN107165635A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-15 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | A kind of oblique pinpoint blasting mining codes for slight slope and thin ore body |
| CN113356851A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | Medium-thickness ore body continuous downward medium-length hole subsection open stoping subsequent filling mining method |
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