CN113698563A - Thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED (light-emitting diode) photocuring resin - Google Patents
Thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED (light-emitting diode) photocuring resin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED (light-emitting diode) photocureable resin and a preparation method thereof, wherein the LED photocureable resin contains three active groups and one thioxanthone photoinitiation group, and has the following characteristics: 1) energy migration and intermolecular reaction in a polymer chain are easier, and the polymer has high self-initiation activity under the irradiation of a UV-LED lamp; 2) the space between the photoactive group and the main chain is shortened, and the photosensitivity is improved; 3) excellent system compatibility; 4) the defects caused by a micromolecular photoinitiator are overcome; the prepared thioxanthone LED photocureable resin has the advantages of excellent adhesive force, water resistance, aging resistance, chemical resistance and coating odor purification, and also has the characteristics of high gloss, high wear resistance, high fullness, strong impact resistance, good flexibility and the like, and is widely used for UV floor coatings, UV wood coatings, UV alloy coatings, UV circuit board printing ink, UV plastic coatings and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modified self-initiation light-cured resin, in particular to a thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED light-cured resin and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of synthetic resins.
Background
In recent years, environmental friendly coatings including high solids and solventless coatings, waterborne coatings, powder coatings and photocurable coatings have been rapidly developed. The ultraviolet curing has the advantages of fast reaction, room temperature operation, low energy consumption, no solvent, little pollution and the like. The photocuring technology has the advantages of fast curing, high production efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection, high quality, economy, suitability for various base materials and the like, and is widely applied to various industries such as printing, packaging, advertising, building materials, decoration, electronics, communication, computers, shops, automobiles, aviation, aerospace, instruments and meters, sports, sanitation and the like.
Epoxy resin is widely used due to its excellent characteristics of good adhesion, heat resistance, small curing shrinkage, good manufacturability, chemical resistance, mechanical properties, electrical properties, etc., but its application is limited by its poor weatherability and flexibility, and it is usually modified appropriately.
The epoxy acrylate is prepared by ring opening esterification of epoxy resin and (methyl) acrylic acid under the action of a catalyst, has the comprehensive properties of high curing speed, high hardness and glossiness of a cured film, good heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and the like, and is a photocuring oligomer which is most widely applied and used in the largest amount at present. But the disadvantages are insufficient flexibility of the cured film, large brittleness, more residual acrylic ester, poor yellowing resistance and high viscosity. Therefore, modifying epoxy acrylates to meet performance requirements has become a focus of research in recent years.
At present, a UV system mainly comprises oligomer UV resin, an active diluent and a photoinitiator, the used initiator is mostly organic micromolecules, is poor in yellowing resistance and migration resistance, has certain toxicity, can generate harmful photodecomposition products (such as benzaldehyde), can generate adverse effects on environment and human health, and restricts the application of an ultraviolet curing technology in the fields of printing ink, food packaging and the like, so that the ultraviolet curing oligomer with a self-initiation function is more and more emphasized. Therefore, in the formula of the UV coating, the ink and the adhesive using the oligomer with the self-initiation function, the photoinitiator can not be added, so that the problems of odor, yellowing, environmental protection, difficult mixing, precipitation, migration, high price and the like caused by adding the photoinitiator are avoided.
The oligomer products with photoinitiating function on the market at present are Drewrad series products developed by Ashland company in the United states, a type of oligomer containing beta ketoester self-initiating function; another class of oligomers contains photoinitiator groups (benzoin, 1173, 184, 2959). Bomar corporation, USA, incorporates a macromolecular photoinitiator group into an oligomer molecule. In 2006 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved UV coatings and inks produced with macrophotoinitiators for use in food and drug packaging printing, expanding the field of application of UV inks and coatings.
Chinese patent CN107602851A discloses an aqueous self-initiated visible light unsaturated polyester amide urea resin and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of mixing dibasic acid, dihydric alcohol and urea, heating and reacting at 160-210 ℃ for 200-600 min under the protection of nitrogen, distilling to remove water, adding pentaerythritol triallyl ether, heating and reacting at 160-210 ℃ for 60-120 min, adding cinnamic acid, heating and reacting at 160-210 ℃ for 60-120 min, and cooling to obtain the product; the unsaturated polyester amide urea resin disclosed by the invention not only has self-initiation property, but also has water solubility and visible light curing, and is applied to preparation of a water-based self-initiation visible light curing coating.
Chinese patent CN101481450A discloses a photosensitive self-initiated urethane acrylate oligomer and a synthesis method thereof, firstly diisocyanate reacts with a hydroxyl-terminated compound to form a compound taking isocyanate as a terminal group, and then a hydroxyl-containing photoinitiator and acrylic hydroxyl ester react with the rest of isocyanate groups to obtain the urethane acrylate oligomer which is mixed with acryloxy and photoinitiator active groups for end capping. The photoinitiator containing hydroxyl is Irgacure 2959; the oligomer can realize photosensitive self-initiated polymerization and solidification without adding or adding a small amount of photoinitiator, can be used as a macromolecular photoinitiator, and has good compatibility with other urethane acrylate oligomers.
Zhangpengfei, Yangbeiping, etc. synthesized a hyperbranched UV self-initiating polymer, prepared by n (diethanolamine): carrying out Michael addition reaction on N (methyl methacrylate) ═ 1:1.05 to prepare N, N-dihydroxyethyl-3-aminomethyl methyl propionate (MMB); synthesizing a 2 nd-generation hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer (PM-2) by a quasi-one-step method by taking pentaerythritol as a core and MMB as a branched monomer; toluene-2, 4-diisooxolate respectively reacts with methacrylic acid-beta-hydroxyethyl and D1173 to prepare a functional monomer TDI-HEMA containing double bonds and a functional monomer TDI-1173 containing photoinitiating groups, PM-2 is subjected to end group modification reaction through the two monomers to obtain a hyperbranched UV self-initiated polymer (PM-UV), and finally various PM-UV are prepared by adjusting the quantity ratio of the double bonds to the photoinitiating groups in the PM-UV.
The Thioxanthone (TX) photoinitiator is a hydrogen abstraction type free radical photoinitiator, has strong absorption between 370 and 385nm, has a wavelength close to that emitted by UV-LED light of 355 to 410nm, has high photoinitiation efficiency, and has long ultraviolet absorption without being influenced by color, so the thioxanthone initiator is suitable for a pigment-containing system. Currently commercially available are 2-Chlorothianthrone (CTX), 2-Isopropylthioxanthone (ITX), 2-Hydroxythioxanthone (HTX), 2, 4-dimethylthioxanthone (RTX) and 2, 4-Diethylthioxanthone (DETX), but the TX photoinitiators are poorly soluble in both oligomers and reactive diluents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin and a preparation method thereof.
The invention introduces thioxanthone macromolecule photoinitiating group containing sulfur into UV resin molecular chain, and has the following characteristics: 1) energy transfer and intermolecular reaction in the polymer chain become easier, and high photoinitiation activity is achieved under the irradiation of a UV-LED lamp; 2) the distance between the photoactive group and the main chain is changed, so that the photosensitivity is improved; 3) the solubility and the compatibility with a system are improved; 4) the migration of the photoinitiated groups is limited, and the yellowing and the aging of the coating are prevented; 5) the fragments after photocleavage are still connected on the polymer chain, so that the smell and toxicity of the system can be reduced.
The introduced isocyanate can be connected with a photoinitiation group, and can effectively improve the adhesive force, flexibility, chemical resistance, aging resistance, oil resistance, wear resistance and tensile strength of the epoxy acrylate.
The thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin has a branched chain structure, contains three functional active groups and a thioxanthone photoinitiating group, and has a molecular structural formula shown as the following formula:
in the formula, R is
R1Is composed of
R2、R3Is H or CH3。
The preparation mechanism of the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocureable resin is shown in the following reaction formula:
the invention provides a preparation method of thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocureable resin, which comprises the following preparation steps of:
a) preparing epoxy acrylate EA: adding epoxy resin into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser pipe, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, slowly dropping a mixture consisting of a carboxyl acrylic monomer, a catalyst and p-hydroxyanisole when the temperature rises to 80 ℃, slowly raising the temperature to 85-90 ℃ after dropping, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2.5-4 h, then sampling every 30min to detect the acid value of the system, and stopping the reaction when the detected acid value is lower than 5mgKOH/g to obtain epoxy acrylate EA;
b) preparing an isocyanate-acrylic acid functional monomer DI-HEA: adding diisocyanate and dibutyltin dilaurate into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropwise adding a mixture consisting of hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomers, hydroquinone and acetone at 30-45 ℃, heating to 45-50 ℃ after dropwise adding, continuing to react for 2-4 h, sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30min, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to obtain an isocyanate-acrylic functional monomer DI-HEA;
c) preparation of 2- (2-hydroxy-) ethoxythioxanthone HETX: adding 98% concentrated sulfuric acid into a reaction bottle provided with a stirring device, a thermometer and a feeding device, cooling to-5-0 ℃ by using an ice salt bath, adding 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid, adding ethylene glycol phenyl ether in batches under stirring, controlling to react for 5-6 h at 0-5 ℃, adding frozen deionized water with the volume of 5-6 times of the concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring for 20min, standing, performing suction filtration, adding deionized water into a filter cake, boiling and refluxing for 2h, cooling, standing, performing suction filtration, washing with water, drying to obtain a crude product, recrystallizing the crude product by using a 1, 4-dioxane-water mixed solvent, stirring, standing, performing suction filtration, and drying to obtain HETX;
d) preparing an isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer DI-HETX: adding diisocyanate and dibutyltin dilaurate into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropwise adding an acetone solution of HETX at 40-45 ℃, heating to 50-60 ℃ after dropwise adding, continuously reacting for 2-4 h, sampling and detecting an NCO value of a system every 30min, and stopping reaction when the detected NCO value is half of an initial value to prepare an isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer DI-HETX;
e) and preparing a prepolymer P-DI-HEA containing acrylic acid functional monomer: cooling epoxy acrylate EA to 50 ℃, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of DI-HEA, hydroquinone and acetone, adding dibutyltin dilaurate after dropwise adding, continuously reacting for 2-4 h at 45-50 ℃, then sampling every 30min to detect the NCO value of the system, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value to obtain a P-DI-HEA prepolymer;
f) preparing thioxanthone LED photocuring resin: stirring and heating the P-DI-HEA prepolymer to 90-100 ℃, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of DI-HETX, hydroquinone and acetone under stirring, then adding dibutyltin dilaurate, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-4 h, then sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30min, stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove acetone, cooling to 40 ℃, filtering and packaging to obtain the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin.
Wherein the epoxy resin is one of bisphenol A epoxy resin E-44 or bisphenol A epoxy resin E-51; the carboxyl-containing acrylic monomer is one of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
The catalyst is one or two of N, N-dimethylaniline, tetrabutylammonium bromide, N-dimethylethanolamine, N-dimethylformamide and triphenylphosphine; further, it is preferably one of a mixture of N, N-dimethylaniline and tetrabutylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 1:1 and a mixture of N, N-dimethylethanolamine and N, N-dimethylformamide in a mass ratio of 1:1.
The diisocyanate is at least one of toluene diisocyanate TDI, isophorone diisocyanate IPDI, hexamethylene diisocyanate HDI and diphenylmethane diisocyanate MDI; the hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomer is at least one of acrylic acid-beta-hydroxyethyl ester, methacrylic acid-alpha-hydroxyethyl ester or methacrylic acid-beta-hydroxyethyl ester.
In the step a), the molar ratio of the epoxy resin to the carboxyl-containing acrylic monomer is 1: 2; the addition amount of the catalyst is 1.5-2.5% of the total amount of reactants; the addition amount of the p-hydroxyanisole is 0.1-0.5% of the total amount of reactants.
In the step b), the molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomer is 1: 1; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of diisocyanate; the addition amount of the hydroquinone is 0.1-0.2% of the amount of the hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomer.
In the step c), the molar ratio of the 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid to the ethylene glycol phenyl ether is 1: 3; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid is 5: 1; the volume ratio of the 1, 4-dioxane to water is 4: 1.
In step d), the molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the HETX is 1: 1; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of diisocyanate.
In step e), the molar ratio of the DI-HEA to the EA is NCO: OH ═ 1: 3; the addition amount of the hydroquinone is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of the DI-HEA; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.02-0.08% of the amount of the DI-HEA.
In step f), the molar ratio of the DI-HETX to the P-DI-HEA prepolymer is NCO: OH ═ 1: 2; the addition amount of the hydroquinone is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of the DI-HETX; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.02-0.08% of the amount of the DI-HETX.
The thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin contains three functional groups and one thioxanthone photoinitiating group, and has the following characteristics: 1) energy migration and intermolecular reaction in a polymer chain are easier, and the self-initiation efficiency is high under the illumination of UV-LED light; 2) the space between the photoactive group and the main chain is shortened, and the photosensitivity is improved; 3) excellent system compatibility; 4) the defects caused by a micromolecular photoinitiator are overcome; the prepared thioxanthone LED photocureable resin has the characteristics of excellent adhesive force, water resistance, aging resistance, chemical resistance and coating odor purification, high gloss, high wear resistance, high fullness, strong impact resistance, good flexibility and the like, and is widely applied to LED colored floor coatings, LED wood coatings, LED alloy coatings, LED circuit board printing ink, LED plastic coatings and the like.
Detailed Description
The preparation of the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED light-cured resin according to the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention.
Example 1:
a thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED light-cured resin A:
a) preparation of epoxy acrylate E44A: adding 136.3 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin E-44 into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser pipe, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, slowly dropwise adding a mixture consisting of 43.2 parts of acrylic acid, 4.5 parts of N, N-dimethylaniline and 0.5 part of p-hydroxyanisole when the temperature rises to 80 ℃, after the dropwise adding is finished, slowly heating to 85-90 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours, then sampling and detecting the acid value of the system every 40 minutes, and stopping the reaction when the detected acid value is lower than 5mgKOH/g to prepare epoxy acrylate E44A;
b) preparing isocyanate-acrylic acid functional monomer TDI-HEMA: adding 52.0 parts of TDI-80 and 0.03 part of DBTDL into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropwise adding a mixture consisting of 39.0 parts of methacrylic acid-alpha-hydroxyethyl ester, 0.05 part of hydroquinone and 20.0 parts of acetone at 30-45 ℃, heating to 45-50 ℃ to continue reacting for 3 hours after dropwise adding is finished, then sampling and detecting the NCO value of a system every 30 minutes, and stopping reacting when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to prepare isocyanate-acrylic acid functional single TDI-HEMA;
c) preparation of 2- (2-hydroxy-) ethoxythioxanthone (HETX): adding 415mL of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid into a reaction bottle provided with a stirring device, a thermometer and a feeding device, cooling to-5-0 ℃ by using an ice salt bath, adding 153.0 parts of 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid, adding 207.0 parts of ethylene glycol phenyl ether in batches under stirring, controlling the temperature to be 0-5 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours, adding 2500mL of frozen deionized water, stirring for 20 minutes, standing, performing suction filtration, adding 200mL of deionized water into a filter cake, boiling and refluxing for 2 hours, cooling, standing, performing suction filtration, washing with water, drying to obtain a crude product, recrystallizing the crude product by using 200mL of 1, 4-dioxane-water mixed solvent (volume ratio is 4:1), stirring, standing, performing suction filtration, and drying to obtain HETX;
d) preparing isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer TDI-HETX: adding 52.2 parts of TDI-80 and 0.03 part of DBTDL into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropping 82.0 parts of HETX and 25.0 parts of acetone solution at 40-45 ℃, heating to 50-60 ℃ to continue reacting for 4 hours after dropping is finished, sampling and detecting the NCO value of a system every 30 minutes, and stopping reacting when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to prepare the isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer TDI-HETX;
e) preparing an isocyanate modified epoxy acrylate prepolymer P-TDI-HEA: cooling epoxy acrylate E44A in the step a) to 50 ℃, slowly dripping the mixed solution of TDI-HEMA and 0.1 part of hydroquinone in the step b), adding 0.05 part of DBTDL after the dripping is finished, continuously reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 45-50 ℃, sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30 minutes, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value to prepare a P-TDI-HEA prepolymer;
f) and preparing thioxanthone LED photocuring resin A: stirring the P-TDI-HEA prepolymer in the step e), heating to 90-100 ℃, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of TDI-HETX and 0.2 part of hydroquinone in the step d) while stirring, then adding 0.06 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4 hours, sampling every 30 minutes, detecting the NCO value of the system, stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove acetone, cooling to below 40 ℃, filtering and packaging to obtain the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin A.
Example 2:
a thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED light-cured resin B:
a) preparation of epoxy acrylate E51A: adding 78.4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin E-51 into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser pipe, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, slowly dropwise adding a mixture consisting of 34.4 parts of methacrylic acid, 2.8 parts of a catalyst (the mass ratio of N, N-dimethylaniline to tetrabutylammonium bromide is 1:1) and 0.34 part of p-hydroxyanisole when the temperature rises to 80 ℃, slowly heating to 85-90 ℃ after dropwise adding, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours, then sampling every 30 minutes to detect the acid value of the system, and stopping the reaction when the detected acid value is lower than 5mgKOH/g to prepare epoxy acrylate E51A;
b) preparing isocyanate-acrylic acid functional monomer IPDI-HEA: adding 44.5 parts of IPDI and 0.03 part of DBTDL into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropping a mixture consisting of 23.2 parts of acrylic acid-beta-hydroxyethyl ester, 0.03 part of hydroquinone and 20.0 parts of acetone at the temperature of 30-45 ℃, heating to 45-50 ℃ to continue reacting for 3 hours after dropping, then sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30 minutes, and stopping reacting when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to prepare the isocyanate-acrylic acid functional monomer IPDI-HEA;
c) preparation of 2- (2-hydroxy-) ethoxythioxanthone (HETX): adding 415mL of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid into a reaction bottle provided with a stirring device, a thermometer and a feeding device, cooling to-5-0 ℃ by using an ice salt bath, adding 153.0 parts of 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid, adding 207.0 parts of ethylene glycol phenyl ether in batches under stirring, controlling the temperature to be 0-5 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours, adding 2500mL of frozen deionized water, stirring for 20 minutes, standing, performing suction filtration, adding 200mL of deionized water into a filter cake, boiling and refluxing for 2 hours, cooling, standing, performing suction filtration, washing with water, drying to obtain a crude product, recrystallizing the crude product by using 200mL of 1, 4-dioxane-water mixed solvent (volume ratio is 4:1), stirring, standing, performing suction filtration, and drying to obtain HETX;
d) preparing an isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer IPDI-HETX: adding 44.5 parts of IPDI and 0.03 part of DBTDL into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropping 54.6 parts of HETX and 20.0 parts of acetone solution at 40-45 ℃, after dropping, heating to 50-60 ℃, continuing to react for 3.5 hours, then sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30 minutes, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to prepare the isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer IPDI-HETX;
e) preparing an isocyanate modified epoxy acrylate prepolymer P-IPDI-HEA: cooling epoxy acrylate E44A in the step a) to 50 ℃, slowly dripping the mixed solution of IPDI-HEA and 0.08 part of hydroquinone in the step b), adding 0.03 part of DBTDL after finishing dripping, continuously reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 45-50 ℃, sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30 minutes, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value to prepare a P-IPDI-HEA prepolymer;
f) preparing thioxanthone LED photocuring resin B: stirring the P-IPDI-HEA prepolymer in the step e) and heating to 90-100 ℃, slowly dropwise adding the mixed solution of IPDI-HETX and 0.08 part of hydroquinone in the step d) while stirring, then adding 0.04 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4 hours, sampling every 30 minutes to detect the NCO value of the system, stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove acetone, cooling to below 40 ℃, filtering and packaging to obtain the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin B.
Example 3:
a thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED light-cured resin C:
a) preparation of epoxy acrylate E51A: adding 78.4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin E-51 into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser pipe, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, slowly dropwise adding a mixture consisting of 34.4 parts of methacrylic acid, 2.8 parts of a catalyst (the mass ratio of N, N-dimethylaniline to tetrabutylammonium bromide is 1:1) and 0.34 part of p-hydroxyanisole when the temperature rises to 80 ℃, slowly heating to 85-90 ℃ after dropwise adding, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours, then sampling every 30 minutes to detect the acid value of the system, and stopping the reaction when the detected acid value is lower than 5mgKOH/g to prepare epoxy acrylate E51A;
b) preparing an isocyanate-acrylic acid functional monomer HDI-HEA: adding 33.6 parts of HDI and 0.02 part of DBTDL into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropwise adding a mixture consisting of 23.2 parts of acrylic acid-beta-hydroxyethyl ester, 0.03 part of hydroquinone and 20.0 part of acetone at the temperature of 30-45 ℃, heating to 45-50 ℃ to continue reacting for 3 hours after dropwise adding is finished, then sampling and detecting the NCO value of a system every 30 minutes, and stopping reacting when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to prepare the HDI-HEA serving as the isocyanate-acrylic acid functional monomer;
c) preparation of 2- (2-hydroxy-) ethoxythioxanthone (HETX): adding 415mL of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid into a reaction bottle provided with a stirring device, a thermometer and a feeding device, cooling to-5-0 ℃ by using an ice salt bath, adding 153.0 parts of 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid, adding 207.0 parts of ethylene glycol phenyl ether in batches under stirring, controlling the temperature to be 0-5 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours, adding 2500mL of frozen deionized water, stirring for 20 minutes, standing, performing suction filtration, adding 200mL of deionized water into a filter cake, boiling and refluxing for 2 hours, cooling, standing, performing suction filtration, washing with water, drying to obtain a crude product, recrystallizing the crude product by using 200mL of 1, 4-dioxane-water mixed solvent (volume ratio is 4:1), stirring, standing, performing suction filtration, and drying to obtain HETX;
d) preparing an isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer MDI-HETX: adding 50.0 parts of MDI and 0.03 part of DBTDL into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropping 54.6 parts of HETX and 20.0 parts of acetone solution at 40-45 ℃, heating to 50-60 ℃ to continue reacting for 4 hours after the dropping is finished, then sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30 minutes, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to prepare the isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer MDI-HETX;
e) preparing an isocyanate modified epoxy acrylate prepolymer P-HDI-HEA: cooling epoxy acrylate E44A in the step a) to 50 ℃, slowly dripping the mixed solution of HDI-HEA and 0.1 part of hydroquinone in the step b), adding 0.05 part of DBTDL after dripping is finished, continuously reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 45-50 ℃, sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30 minutes, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value to prepare a P-HDI-HEA prepolymer;
f) and preparing thioxanthone LED photocuring resin C: and e), stirring and heating the P-HDI-HEA prepolymer in the step e) to 90-100 ℃, slowly dropwise adding the mixed solution of MDI-HETX and 0.08 part of hydroquinone in the step d) while stirring, then adding 0.04 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3h, sampling every 30min to detect the NCO value of the system, stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches the theoretical value, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove acetone, cooling to below 40 ℃, filtering and packaging to obtain the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin C.
UV-LRD terrace paint is prepared by taking the thioxanthone LED photocuring resin prepared by the embodiment of the invention and the polyurethane acrylate self-initiated UV resin Drewrad1010 (grafted 2959) on the market as a comparative example 1 and taking the polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate UV resin LR9019 as a comparative example 2, and the formula is shown in Table 1:
table 1: UV coating formulation
The performance of the coating is tested according to GB/T22374 + 2008 terrace coating material standard and DB44/2129 + 2018 annex A coating odor judgment standard, and the test results are shown in Table 2:
table 2: film coating performance test results
Although the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and variations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED light-cured resin is characterized in that: the LED photocuring resin has a branched chain structure, contains three functional active groups and a thioxanthone photoinitiating group, and has a molecular structural formula shown as the following formula:
wherein in the formula, R is
R1Is composed of
R2、R3Is H or CH3。
2. The preparation method of the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of:
a) preparing epoxy acrylate EA: adding epoxy resin into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser pipe, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, slowly dropping a mixture consisting of a carboxyl acrylic monomer, a catalyst and p-hydroxyanisole when the temperature rises to 80 ℃, slowly raising the temperature to 85-90 ℃ after dropping, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2.5-4 h, then sampling every 30min to detect the acid value of the system, and stopping the reaction when the detected acid value is lower than 5mgKOH/g to obtain epoxy acrylate EA;
b) preparing an isocyanate-acrylic acid functional monomer DI-HEA: adding diisocyanate and dibutyltin dilaurate into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropwise adding a mixture consisting of hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomers, hydroquinone and acetone at 30-45 ℃, heating to 45-50 ℃ after dropwise adding, continuing to react for 2-4 h, sampling and detecting the NCO value of the system every 30min, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value is half of the initial value to obtain an isocyanate-acrylic functional monomer DI-HEA;
c) preparation of 2- (2-hydroxy-) ethoxythioxanthone HETX: adding 98% concentrated sulfuric acid into a reaction bottle provided with a stirring device, a thermometer and a feeding device, cooling to-5-0 ℃ by using an ice salt bath, adding 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid, adding ethylene glycol phenyl ether in batches under stirring, controlling to react for 5-6 h at 0-5 ℃, adding frozen deionized water with the volume of 5-6 times of the concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring for 20min, standing, performing suction filtration, adding deionized water into a filter cake, boiling and refluxing for 2h, cooling, standing, performing suction filtration, washing with water, drying to obtain a crude product, recrystallizing the crude product by using a 1, 4-dioxane-water mixed solvent, stirring, standing, performing suction filtration, and drying to obtain HETX;
d) preparing an isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer DI-HETX: adding diisocyanate and dibutyltin dilaurate into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer, stirring and heating, slowly dropwise adding an acetone solution of HETX at 40-45 ℃, heating to 50-60 ℃ after dropwise adding, continuously reacting for 2-4 h, sampling and detecting an NCO value of a system every 30min, and stopping reaction when the detected NCO value is half of an initial value to prepare an isocyanate-thioxanthone functional monomer DI-HETX;
e) and preparing a prepolymer P-DI-HEA containing acrylic acid functional monomer: cooling epoxy acrylate EA to 50 ℃, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of DI-HEA, hydroquinone and acetone, adding dibutyltin dilaurate after dropwise adding, continuously reacting for 2-4 h at 45-50 ℃, then sampling every 30min to detect the NCO value of the system, and stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value to obtain a P-DI-HEA prepolymer;
f) and preparing the thioxanthone-containing LED photocuring resin: stirring and heating a P-DI-HEA prepolymer to 90-100 ℃, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of DI-HETX, hydroquinone and acetone while stirring, then adding dibutyltin dilaurate, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-4 h, then sampling and detecting the NCO value of a system every 30min, stopping the reaction when the detected NCO value reaches a theoretical value, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove acetone, cooling to 40 ℃, filtering and packaging to obtain the thioxanthone polyurethane modified epoxy acrylate LED photocuring resin;
wherein in step a), the molar ratio of the epoxy resin to the carboxyl group-containing acrylic monomer is 1: 2; the addition amount of the catalyst is 1.5-2.5% of the total amount of reactants; the addition amount of the p-hydroxyanisole is 0.1-0.5% of the total amount of reactants.
In step b), the molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomer is 1: 1; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of diisocyanate; the addition amount of the hydroquinone is 0.1-0.2% of the amount of the hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomer.
In step c), the molar ratio of the 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid to the ethylene glycol phenyl ether is 1: 3; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the 2, 2' -dithiodibenzoic acid is 5: 1; the volume ratio of the 1, 4-dioxane to water is 4: 1.
In step d), the molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the HETX is 1: 1; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of diisocyanate.
In step e), the molar ratio of the DI-HEA to the EA is NCO: OH ═ 1: 3; the addition amount of the hydroquinone is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of the DI-HEA; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.02-0.08% of the amount of the DI-HEA.
In step f), the molar ratio of the DI-HETX to the P-DI-HEA prepolymer is NCO: OH ═ 1: 2; the addition amount of the hydroquinone is 0.05-0.1% of the amount of the DI-HETX; the addition amount of the dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.02-0.08% of the amount of the DI-HETX.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the diisocyanate is at least one of toluene diisocyanate TDI, isophorone diisocyanate IPDI, hexamethylene diisocyanate HDI and diphenylmethane diisocyanate MDI.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: the hydroxyl-containing acrylic monomer is at least one of acrylic acid-beta-hydroxyethyl ester, methacrylic acid-alpha-hydroxyethyl ester or methacrylic acid-beta-hydroxyethyl ester.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein: the carboxyl-containing acrylic monomer is one of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein: the catalyst is one or two of N, N-dimethylaniline, tetrabutylammonium bromide, N-dimethylethanolamine, N-dimethylformamide and triphenylphosphine.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein: the catalyst is one of a mixture of N, N-dimethylaniline and tetrabutylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 1:1 or a mixture of N, N-dimethylethanolamine and N, N-dimethylformamide in a mass ratio of 1:1.
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