CN113696743A - Hybrid braking system and control method for pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents

Hybrid braking system and control method for pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113696743A
CN113696743A CN202111152255.6A CN202111152255A CN113696743A CN 113696743 A CN113696743 A CN 113696743A CN 202111152255 A CN202111152255 A CN 202111152255A CN 113696743 A CN113696743 A CN 113696743A
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braking
brake
electric
module
braking force
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Chinese (zh)
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王爱元
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Shanghai Dianji University
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Shanghai Dianji University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/22—Dynamic electric resistor braking, combined with dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/662—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems characterised by specified functions of the control system components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2210/00—Detection or estimation of road or environment conditions; Detection or estimation of road shapes
    • B60T2210/10—Detection or estimation of road conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2220/00—Monitoring, detecting driver behaviour; Signalling thereof; Counteracting thereof
    • B60T2220/04—Pedal travel sensor, stroke sensor; Sensing brake request
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2250/00—Monitoring, detecting, estimating vehicle conditions
    • B60T2250/04—Vehicle reference speed; Vehicle body speed

Abstract

The invention provides a hybrid braking system and a control method of a pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle, wherein the system comprises the following components: the brake controller is a signal acquisition module for acquiring pedal action, driving speed, road surface type, temperature and humidity and traffic condition signals, and an electric brake module and a hydraulic brake module which are controlled by the brake controller and correspondingly brake the electric automobile; and the brake controller receives the signals acquired by the signal acquisition module, generates the maximum total braking force, distributes the braking mode and the braking force, and generates a control command to control the electric brake module and the hydraulic brake module. Compared with the prior art, the system and the method reasonably utilize the feedback braking and the energy consumption braking of the motor according to the running condition of the vehicle, distribute the electric braking force and the hydraulic braking force, generate the maximum constant braking force, reduce the braking distance, and improve the safety and the comfort of drivers and passengers.

Description

Hybrid braking system and control method for pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a hybrid braking system and a control method of a pure electric automobile and a hybrid electric automobile.
Background
With the gradual expansion of production and application of pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, in the prior art, the pure electric vehicles and the hybrid electric vehicles adopt two braking systems of motor power generation braking and hydraulic mechanical braking. The motor power generation braking has the advantages of kinetic energy recovery, less abrasion, less maintenance, good controllability and the like, and replaces or partially replaces the traditional hydraulic mechanical braking in an automobile braking system; the hydraulic mechanical brake has the advantages of stability, high reliability, mature technology and the like, and cannot be replaced by the motor power generation brake in a short time.
And the braking of the motor comprises reverse connection braking, regenerative braking and dynamic braking. The reverse connection brake converts the electric energy of the energy storage device and the system kinetic energy into heat loss of a loop resistor, the system brake time is short, the electric and mechanical impact is large, and the system brake is rarely applied to automobile braking; the feedback brake converts the kinetic energy of the system into the electric energy of the energy storage device, and the motor has high electromotive force when the automobile goes down a slope or the automobile speed is higher, so that the feedback of the kinetic energy is easy to realize; the dynamic braking converts the system kinetic energy into the heat loss of the braking resistor in the loop, and when the automobile speed is low, the motor electromotive force is lower than the battery voltage, the feedback braking is difficult, the braking torque is reduced, and the dynamic braking can be matched with the hydraulic mechanical braking.
Studies have shown that, in the case of ensuring safety, the vehicle stops at a constant deceleration, the impact is small, and the driver feels comfortable. However, the prior art solutions neglect the relationship between the motor back emf and the speed and braking regime and the comfort of the occupants during constant deceleration braking. In the braking process, some pure electric and hybrid electric vehicles only use feedback braking, a DC-DC boost conversion circuit is needed at low speed, and the device and the algorithm are complex and difficult to generate constant braking force; some pure electric and hybrid electric vehicles simply apply energy consumption braking, increase abrasion, have high maintenance cost, lack of recycling of kinetic energy and reduce the endurance mileage of the electric vehicles; in addition, in the low-speed running stage of some pure electric and hybrid electric vehicles, electric braking force and hydraulic braking force are not reasonably distributed, so that the comfort of drivers and passengers is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hybrid braking system and a control method of a pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle, which reasonably utilize the regenerative braking and the energy consumption braking of a motor according to the running condition of the vehicle, distribute electric braking force and hydraulic braking force, generate maximum constant braking force, reduce the braking distance, and improve the safety and the comfort of drivers and passengers.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
one aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid braking system for pure electric and hybrid electric vehicles, comprising: the brake controller is a signal acquisition module for acquiring pedal action, driving speed, road surface type, temperature and humidity and traffic condition signals, and an electric brake module and a hydraulic brake module which are controlled by the brake controller and correspondingly brake the electric automobile; and the brake controller receives the signals acquired by the signal acquisition module, generates the maximum total braking force, distributes the braking mode and the braking force, and generates a control command to control the electric brake module and the hydraulic brake module.
Preferably, the electric brake module comprises an energy storage battery, a brake resistor, a bidirectional converter and a three-phase alternating-current traction motor which are sequentially connected in parallel, the connection of the energy storage battery, the brake resistor and the bidirectional converter is controlled by a movable contact of a relay KM, the movable contact of the relay KM comprises two operable positions, when the movable contact of the relay KM is at a position 1, the bidirectional converter is connected with the energy storage battery, the brake resistor is disconnected, and the three-phase alternating-current traction motor performs feedback braking; when the moving contact of the relay KM is at a position 2, the bidirectional converter is connected with the brake resistor, the energy storage battery is disconnected, and the three-phase alternating-current traction motor performs energy-consuming braking; the relay KM and the bidirectional converter receive a control command of a brake controller.
Preferably, the hydraulic braking module comprises a braking pedal, a liquid storage tank, a braking main cylinder, a pressure regulator and a wheel oil control braking unit which are sequentially connected, the braking pedal is connected with the braking main cylinder through a vacuum booster and a push rod, one end of the pressure regulator is connected with the braking main cylinder through an oil outlet valve and an oil inlet valve, and the other end of the pressure regulator is connected with the wheel oil control braking unit through an oil pipeline.
Preferably, the pressure regulator is a set of valve bodies including linear solenoid valves and is controlled by the linear solenoid valves, and the linear solenoid valves receive control electric signals sent by the brake controller and control the wheel control brake units to perform hydraulic braking.
In another aspect of the present invention, a control method for applying the hybrid braking system of the pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle is provided, which includes the following steps:
s1: the signal acquisition module acquires a signal;
s2: the brake controller receives the signals acquired by the signal acquisition module, generates the maximum total braking force, distributes the braking mode and the braking force, and generates control instructions to control the electric brake module and the hydraulic brake module;
s3: and the electric braking module and the hydraulic braking module perform hybrid braking on the electric automobile according to the control command.
Preferably, the signals collected by the signal collection module include brake pedal actions, driving speed, road surface type, temperature and humidity and traffic conditions.
Preferably, the S2 includes:
s2.1: judging whether the braking state is met or not according to the action of the brake pedal; if the brake pedal is stepped on, the brake state is met, and S2.2 is carried out; if the brake pedal is not pressed down, the brake state is not satisfied, and the vehicle is exited;
s2.2: generating a maximum total braking force according to the driving speed, the road surface type, the temperature and the humidity and the traffic condition;
s2.3: and judging and distributing the maximum total braking force into an electric braking force and a hydraulic braking force according to the magnitude relation between the current running speed and the rated speed, and respectively generating control commands to control the electric braking module and the hydraulic braking module.
Preferably, the distribution formula of the electric braking force and the hydraulic braking force is as follows:
Figure BDA0003287581350000031
Figure BDA0003287581350000032
wherein F is the value of the total braking force F, FeFor electric brakingForce, FhFor hydraulic braking force, v is the current driving speed, vsIs the rated speed.
Preferably, the electric brake module and the hydraulic brake module respectively start dynamic braking and hydraulic braking.
Preferably, the electric brake module starts regenerative braking and the hydraulic brake module does not work.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention comprehensively considers the relation between the electric braking mode and the motor rotating speed and the comfort requirement of a driver, provides a hybrid braking system and a control method, comprehensively adopts feedback braking in the high-speed braking operation stage, adopts hydraulic braking and motor energy consumption braking controlled by a linear solenoid valve in the low-speed braking operation stage, and reasonably distributes braking force. During the total braking process, the maximum braking force can be maintained to achieve constant deceleration.
2) The invention simplifies the device and the algorithm, processes the information acquired by the signal acquisition module by using the brake controller, controls the electric brake module and the hydraulic brake module to make corresponding actions by using the brake controller, and reasonably utilizes the regenerative braking and the energy consumption braking of the motor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a braking system of a pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of S2 of the control method for applying the braking system of the electric-only vehicle and the hybrid electric vehicle according to the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph of driving speed versus braking force distribution; wherein, sub-diagram (a) is electric braking force FeA graph of the speed of the vehicle; sub-diagram (b) shows hydraulic braking force FhA graph of the speed of the vehicle; the sub-graph (c) is a relation graph of the total braking force F along with the speed of the vehicle;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electric brake module;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a hydraulic brake module;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a hydraulic brake system for a wheel in the prior art.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a hybrid braking system of a pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle, including: the system comprises a signal acquisition module M1, a brake controller M2, an electric brake module M3, a hydraulic brake module M4 and a vehicle control unit.
The signal acquisition module M1 is used for acquiring brake pedal action, driving speed, road surface type, temperature and humidity and traffic condition signals.
The brake controller M2 is used for receiving the signals acquired by the signal acquisition module M1, generating a maximum total braking force F according to a road surface peak value adhesion coefficient corresponding to a driving environment such as driving speed, road surface type, temperature and humidity, traffic condition signals and the like and the stroke of a brake pedal, distributing a braking mode and a braking force, and generating a control command to control the electric brake module M3 and the hydraulic brake module M4; the CAN bus is connected with the vehicle control unit, receives signals of the vehicle control unit and sends partial braking state signals to the vehicle control unit.
As an alternative implementation, the maximum total braking force F is generated by using the prior art according to the road surface peak adhesion coefficient and the stroke of the brake pedal corresponding to the driving environment such as the driving speed, the road surface type, the temperature and humidity, the traffic condition signal and the like.
Referring to fig. 3, the braking manner and the braking force distribution are closely related to the running speed v when the running speed v is higher than the rated speed vsWhen the motor is in a feedback braking state, the motor completely generates power and brakes to provide braking force, and the braking force control is realized by controlling the current of the motor; when the running speed v is lower than the rated speed vsWhen the motor works in the energy consumption braking state, the total braking force F generated by linear distribution electric braking and hydraulic braking is generated, and the generated electric braking force FeThe linear decrease of the speed v of the vehicle, and the braking force F generated by the hydraulic brakehThe decrease in the traveling speed v increases linearly. The concrete formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003287581350000051
Figure BDA0003287581350000052
wherein F is the total braking force, F is the value of the total braking force F, FeFor electric braking force, FhIs hydraulic braking force, v is running speedsIs the rated speed.
According to the maximum total braking force F generated, the total braking force F is kept unchanged under the condition that the stroke of the brake pedal is unchanged, the vehicle is ensured to brake at constant deceleration, and the comfort of drivers and passengers is enhanced.
Referring to fig. 4, the electric brake module M3 includes an energy storage battery, a brake resistor, a bidirectional converter and a three-phase ac traction motor, which are connected in parallel in sequence, the connection of the energy storage battery, the brake resistor and the bidirectional converter is controlled by a moving contact of a relay KM, the positions where the moving contact of the relay KM can move include a position 1 and a position 2, when the moving contact of the relay KM is at the position 1, the bidirectional converter is connected with the energy storage battery, and the brake resistor is disconnected; when the moving contact of the relay KM is at the position 2, the bidirectional converter is connected with the brake resistor, and the energy storage battery is disconnected.
Wherein, the bidirectional converter and the coil of the relay KM receive an electric control signal of the brake controller M2. When the contact of the relay KM coil is positioned at the position 1, the motor works in a feedback braking state or a motor state; when the contact point of the coil of the relay KM is positioned at the position 2, the motor works in a dynamic braking state. When the motor is in a power generation braking state, namely in a feedback braking state and an energy consumption braking state, the bidirectional converter works in a rectification state; when the motor is in a motor state, the bidirectional converter works in an inversion state.
When the vehicle is in a high-speed braking stage, namely the running speed v is higher than the rated speed vsWhen the energy storage battery is in a neutral position, the moving contact of the relay KM is in a position 1, the bidirectional converter is connected with the energy storage battery, and the bidirectional converter feeds back electric energy to the energy storage battery to realize feedback braking; when the vehicle is in a low-speed braking stage, namely the running speed v is lower than the rated speed vsWhen, continueThe moving contact of the electric appliance KM is positioned at the position 2, the bidirectional converter is connected with the brake resistor, and the bidirectional converter and the brake resistor realize energy consumption braking.
Referring to fig. 5, the hydraulic brake module M4 includes a brake pedal, and a reservoir, a master cylinder, a pressure regulator and a wheel oil control brake unit connected in sequence, the brake pedal is connected with the master cylinder through a vacuum booster and a brake push rod in sequence. The pressure regulator is a group of valve bodies which comprise linear electromagnetic valves and are controlled by the linear electromagnetic valves, one end of the pressure regulator is connected with the brake main cylinder through an oil outlet valve and an oil inlet valve, and the other end of the pressure regulator is connected with the wheel oil control brake unit through an oil pipeline. The linear electromagnetic valve receives a control electric signal of the brake controller M2, and controls the pressure regulator according to the amplitude of the control electric signal, so as to realize the linear regulation of the oil pressure of the wheel oil control brake unit and the linear regulation of the oil control brake force.
The wheel oil control brake unit comprises two front wheels and two rear wheels, each wheel adopts a wheel hydraulic brake system in the prior art, and the structural schematic diagram of the wheel hydraulic brake system in the prior art is shown in reference to fig. 6. The brake pedal controls an oil outlet valve and an oil inlet valve from the brake main cylinder to the brake wheel cylinder through the push rod under the action of the vacuum booster. When the brake pedal is not stepped, the oil inlet valve is opened, the oil outlet valve is closed, the linear electromagnetic valve in the pressure regulator is in a closed state, the piston in the brake wheel cylinder is pressed to move inwards, and the brake shoe return spring contracts to drive the friction plate to be separated from the brake drum. When the brake pedal is stepped on, the oil inlet valve is closed, the oil outlet valve is opened, namely the condition of hydraulic braking is met, the opening degree of an oil path in the pressure regulator, namely the oil outlet size of the oil valve, is controlled by a control electric signal received by the linear electromagnetic valve, and the oil pressure in the brake wheel cylinder is controlled to realize the linear control of the braking force generated by the friction plate and the brake drum.
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment also provides a control method of applying the hybrid braking system of the electric-only vehicle and the hybrid electric vehicle, the method including the steps of:
s1: the signal acquisition module M1 acquires signals;
the signals include brake pedal action, driving speed, road surface type, temperature and humidity and traffic condition signals.
S2: the brake controller M2 receives the signals collected by the signal collection module M1, generates the maximum total braking force, distributes the braking mode and the braking force, and generates control commands to control the electric brake module M3 and the hydraulic brake module M4;
s2.1: judging whether the braking state is met or not according to the action of the brake pedal; if the brake pedal is stepped on, the brake state is met, the oil inlet valve is closed, the oil outlet valve is opened, and S2.2 is carried out; if the brake pedal is not pressed down, the brake state is not satisfied, and the vehicle is exited;
s2.2: generating a maximum total braking force according to the driving speed, the road surface type, the temperature and the humidity and the traffic condition;
s2.3: and judging and distributing the maximum total braking force into electric braking force and hydraulic braking force according to the magnitude relation between the current driving speed and the rated speed, and generating a control command to control an electric braking module (M3) and a hydraulic braking module M4. The distribution formula of the electric braking force and the hydraulic braking force is as follows:
Figure BDA0003287581350000071
Figure BDA0003287581350000072
wherein F is the total braking force, F is the value of the total braking force F, FeFor electric braking force, FhIs hydraulic braking force, v is running speedsIs the rated speed.
S3: and the electric brake module M3 and the hydraulic brake module M4 perform hybrid braking on the electric vehicle according to the control command.
When the running speed is lower than the rated speed, the electric braking module M3 and the hydraulic braking module M4 respectively start dynamic braking and hydraulic braking;
the energy consumption braking specifically comprises the following steps: the moving contact of the relay KM is positioned at a position 2, the bidirectional converter works in a rectification state and is connected with the brake resistor, and the three-phase alternating-current traction motor realizes energy consumption braking.
The hydraulic brake is specifically as follows: the linear electromagnetic valve receives a control electric signal of the brake controller M2, controls the pressure regulator according to the amplitude of the control electric signal, and realizes the linear regulation of the oil pressure of the wheel oil control brake unit and the linear regulation of the oil control brake force, namely, controls the oil pressure in the brake wheel cylinder to realize the linear control of the brake force generated by the friction plate and the brake drum.
When the running speed is higher than the rated speed, the electric brake module M3 starts regenerative braking, and the hydraulic brake module M4 does not work.
The feedback braking specifically comprises the following steps: the moving contact of the relay KM is positioned at the position 1, the bidirectional converter works in a rectification state and is connected with the energy storage battery, and the three-phase alternating-current traction motor realizes feedback braking.
The invention comprehensively considers the relation between the electric braking mode and the motor rotating speed and the comfort requirement of a driver, provides a hybrid braking system and a control method, comprehensively adopts feedback braking in the high-speed braking operation stage, adopts hydraulic braking and motor energy consumption braking controlled by a linear solenoid valve in the low-speed braking operation stage, and reasonably distributes braking force. During the total braking process, the maximum braking force can be maintained to achieve constant deceleration.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hybrid braking system for electric-only and hybrid-electric vehicles, comprising: the brake control device comprises a brake controller (M2), a signal acquisition module (M1) for acquiring signals of pedal actions, driving speed, road surface types, temperature and humidity and traffic conditions, an electric brake module (M3) and a hydraulic brake module (M4), wherein the electric brake module (M3) and the hydraulic brake module (M4) are controlled by the brake controller (M2) and correspondingly brake the electric automobile; the brake controller (M2) receives the signals collected by the signal collection module (M1), generates the maximum total braking force, distributes the braking mode and the braking force, and generates control commands to control the electric brake module (M3) and the hydraulic brake module (M4).
2. The hybrid braking system for pure electric and hybrid electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that said electric braking module (M3) comprises an energy storage battery, a braking resistor, a bidirectional converter and a three-phase ac traction motor connected in parallel in sequence, the connection of said energy storage battery, said braking resistor and said bidirectional converter is controlled by the movable contact of a relay KM, the movable contact of said relay KM comprises two operable positions, when the movable contact of said relay KM is in position 1, said bidirectional converter is connected to the energy storage battery, the braking resistor is disconnected, said three-phase ac traction motor performs regenerative braking; when the moving contact of the relay KM is at a position 2, the bidirectional converter is connected with the brake resistor, the energy storage battery is disconnected, and the three-phase alternating-current traction motor performs energy-consuming braking; the relay KM and the bidirectional converter receive a control command of a brake controller (M2).
3. The hybrid brake system of a pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic brake module (M4) comprises a brake pedal, and a liquid storage tank, a master cylinder, a pressure regulator and a wheel oil control brake unit which are connected in sequence, the brake pedal is connected with the master cylinder through a vacuum booster and a push rod, one end of the pressure regulator is connected with the master cylinder through an oil outlet valve and an oil inlet valve, and the other end is connected with the wheel oil control brake unit through an oil pipeline.
4. Hybrid braking system for pure electric and hybrid electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that said pressure regulator is a set of valve bodies comprising linear solenoid valves and is controlled by linear solenoid valves which receive control electric signals issued by the brake controller (M2) and control the wheel-controlled braking units to perform hydraulic braking.
5. A control method for applying the hybrid braking system of a pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1: the signal acquisition module (M1) acquires signals;
s2: the brake controller (M2) receives and distributes the braking mode and the braking force according to the signals collected by the signal collection module (M1) to generate the maximum total braking force and control commands to control the electric brake module (M3) and the hydraulic brake module (M4);
s3: and the electric brake module (M3) and the hydraulic brake module (M4) perform hybrid braking on the electric automobile according to the control command.
6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that the signals collected by the signal collection module (M1) include brake pedal action, driving speed, road surface type, temperature and humidity, and traffic conditions.
7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the S2 includes:
s2.1: judging whether the braking state is met or not according to the action of the brake pedal; if the brake pedal is stepped on, the brake state is met, and S2.2 is carried out; if the brake pedal is not pressed down, the brake state is not satisfied, and the vehicle is exited;
s2.2: generating a maximum total braking force according to the driving speed, the road surface type, the temperature and the humidity and the traffic condition;
s2.3: and judging and distributing the maximum total braking force into an electric braking force and a hydraulic braking force according to the magnitude relation between the current driving speed and the rated speed, and respectively generating control commands to control an electric braking module (M3) and a hydraulic braking module (M4).
8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that the distribution formula of the electric braking force and the hydraulic braking force is as follows:
Figure FDA0003287581340000021
Figure FDA0003287581340000022
wherein F is the value of the total braking force F, FeFor electric braking force, FhFor hydraulic braking force, v is the current driving speed, vsIs the rated speed.
9. Control method according to claim 8, characterized in that the electric (M3) and hydraulic (M4) braking module activates dynamic and hydraulic braking, respectively, when the driving speed is less than the nominal speed.
10. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that when the driving speed is greater than the rated speed, the electric brake module (M3) activates regenerative braking and the hydraulic brake module (M4) is deactivated.
CN202111152255.6A 2021-09-29 2021-09-29 Hybrid braking system and control method for pure electric and hybrid electric vehicle Pending CN113696743A (en)

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