CN113692677A - Antenna housing and detection device - Google Patents
Antenna housing and detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113692677A CN113692677A CN202080015081.6A CN202080015081A CN113692677A CN 113692677 A CN113692677 A CN 113692677A CN 202080015081 A CN202080015081 A CN 202080015081A CN 113692677 A CN113692677 A CN 113692677A
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- antenna
- dielectric plate
- radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
Abstract
A radome (200,10) and probing apparatus (201) are provided for covering and protecting an antenna array (100). The radome (200,10) comprises two parts: the antenna comprises a cover body (11) and a dielectric plate (12), wherein the shape of the cover body (11) can be set according to the arrangement of the antenna array (100) and is used for covering all the antenna units (101). The dielectric plate (12) is arranged in the antenna covers (200,10) and is used for weakening energy coupling between the antenna units (101), and the dielectric plate (12) can be positioned between two adjacent antenna units (101) and reflects signals of the antenna units (101) adjacent to the dielectric plate so as to isolate the two adjacent antenna units (101). The dielectric plate (12) can reduce energy coupling between the antenna units (101) by reflecting signals of the antenna units (101), improve the isolation between the antenna units (101), and improve the performance of the antenna units (101). Meanwhile, the dielectric plate (12) is arranged on the antenna cover body (11), so that the antenna cover is convenient to install and integrate and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of communication, especially, relate to an antenna house and detection device.
Background
The antenna array is a common antenna form in a communication system, and is generally applied to application scenarios such as a base station antenna and a radar, and is used for realizing a larger gain, completing beam scanning, acquiring multi-dimensional information, and the like. The coupling between antenna arrays is a main transmission path of electromagnetic interference between antennas, and the strength of the coupling between the antenna arrays is usually represented by using port isolation, so the port isolation is one of key indexes in the antenna arrays; taking S21 as an example, the physical meaning described is that energy transmitted from port 2 to port 1 is coupled in a matching state of other ports, and in an actual electrical system, it is desirable that the smaller the energy is, the better the isolation is.
From the energy coupling path, the antenna isolation deterioration is generally as follows:
crosstalk of energy inside the position medium or antenna body;
surface current crosstalk at the dielectric or antenna surface;
energy coupling in the space above the antenna.
Accordingly, to improve isolation between antennas, isolation may be improved by reducing coupling between adjacent ports in the array. There is a need for an isolation method that is easy to integrate and install and low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an antenna house and detection device for reduce the energy coupling between the antenna element in the antenna array, and easily integrated installation, low in production cost.
In a first aspect, a radome for covering an antenna array to protect antenna elements is provided. The radome comprises two parts: the antenna comprises a cover body and at least one dielectric plate fixed in the cover body, wherein the shape of the cover body can be arranged according to the arrangement of the antenna array, and only all antenna units need to be covered. The dielectric plates are arranged in the antenna housing and are used for isolating energy coupling between the antenna units, when the antenna housing covers the antenna units, at least one dielectric plate comprises a first dielectric plate, the first dielectric plate is located between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are two adjacent antenna units in the antenna array. The first dielectric plate may reflect a first signal from the first antenna element and a second signal from the second antenna element. As can be seen from the above description, the dielectric plate may reflect signals of the antenna elements, so that energy coupling between the antenna elements may be reduced, isolation between the antenna elements may be improved, and performance of the antenna elements may be improved. Meanwhile, the dielectric plate is integrated on the antenna cover, so that the cost can be effectively reduced, and the complexity of the antenna array in setting is reduced.
In a specific possible embodiment, the first dielectric plate is configured to reduce energy coupling between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. The isolation effect between the antenna units is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the dielectric sheet is a high-reflectivity, low-transmissivity dielectric sheet. The isolation degree of the antenna units is improved, and the energy coupling between the antenna units is reduced.
In a specific embodiment, the first dielectric plate includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, wherein,
the first reflecting surface is a side surface of the first dielectric plate adjacent to the first antenna unit;
the second reflecting surface is a side surface of the first dielectric plate adjacent to the second antenna unit;
the first signal is reflected by the first reflecting surface to obtain a first reflected signal and a first refracted signal;
the first refraction signal is reflected by the second reflection surface to obtain a second reflection signal;
the second reflection signal is refracted by the first reflection surface to obtain a second refraction signal;
the first reflected signal is in phase with the second reflected signal. The same phase after signal reflection can be realized through the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface, so that the reflectivity of the dielectric plate is improved, the transmissivity of the dielectric plate is reduced, and the coupling between the antenna units is reduced.
In a specific embodiment, the cross section of the first dielectric plate may be in different shapes, such as a trapezoid, a rectangle, a triangle, and the like, and only the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are required to be provided, and the specific shape may be set as required.
In a specific embodiment, the cross section of the first dielectric plate is a trapezoid, and the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are inclined surfaces.
In a specific embodiment, the cross section of the first dielectric slab is an isosceles trapezoid, and the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are symmetrically disposed.
In a specific embodiment, the average distance between the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna unit. So that the reflected signals can be in phase.
In a specific possible embodiment, the first dielectric plate is provided with a frequency selective surface FSS structure. The isolation effect on the antenna unit is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the at least one dielectric plate is arranged in a single row, wherein each dielectric plate corresponds to a spacing between every two adjacent antenna elements in the antenna array. And the isolation of the single-row spaced antenna units is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the at least one dielectric plate is arranged in a grid-like structure, and each grid of the grid-like structure accommodates each antenna unit in a one-to-one correspondence. And realizing the isolation of the antenna units arranged in the array.
In a specific possible embodiment, each grid is rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular. The dielectric plates may be arranged in different ways.
In a specific embodiment, the at least one dielectric plate and the cover are of a unitary structure. The arrangement of the medium plate is convenient.
In a specific embodiment, the at least one dielectric plate is fixedly connected with the cover body through a connecting piece. The fixed connection between the medium plate and the cover body is realized through the connecting piece.
In a specific embodiment, the connecting member may be a bolt, a screw, a rivet, or the like.
In a specific possible embodiment, first grooves corresponding to the dielectric plates are formed in the cover body, and each dielectric plate is inserted into the corresponding first groove and fixedly connected with the cover body. The cover body is convenient to be connected with the medium plate.
In a second aspect, there is provided a probe apparatus comprising an antenna array and a radome of any one of the above; and the dielectric plate in the antenna housing is used for separating two adjacent antenna units in the antenna array. The signal of the antenna unit can be reflected through the dielectric plate, so that the energy coupling among the antenna units can be reduced, the isolation among the antenna units is improved, and the performance of the antenna units is improved. Meanwhile, the dielectric plate is integrated on the antenna cover, so that the cost can be effectively reduced, and the complexity of the antenna array in setting is reduced.
In a specific embodiment, the at least one dielectric plate is spaced from the arrangement surface of the plurality of antenna elements by a gap.
In a specific embodiment, the arrangement surfaces of the plurality of antenna units are provided with second grooves, and the at least one dielectric plate is inserted into the second grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The isolation effect is improved.
In a third aspect, a smart car is provided, which comprises the above-mentioned detection device. In the above solution, as can be seen from the above description, the dielectric plate may reflect signals of the antenna elements, so that energy coupling between the antenna elements may be reduced, isolation between the antenna elements may be improved, and performance of the antenna elements may be improved. Meanwhile, the dielectric plate is integrated on the antenna cover, so that the cost can be effectively reduced, and the complexity of the antenna array in setting is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of an antenna housing;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna housing provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a side view of an installation of a radome and an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a working schematic diagram of a dielectric plate of an antenna housing according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a HFSS full-wave simulation result of an antenna array loaded with a conventional radome;
fig. 6 is a HFSS full-wave simulation result of an antenna array loaded with the radome provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a horizontal plane pattern of an antenna array when loaded with a conventional radome;
fig. 8 is a horizontal plane directional diagram of an antenna array loaded with the radome provided in the embodiment of the present application:
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For convenience of understanding, an application scenario of the radome provided in the embodiment of the present application is first described. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 illustrates a specific embodiment of a radome, a radome 200 is used for protecting an antenna unit 101 in an antenna array 100, and a signal emitted from the antenna unit 101 may penetrate through the radome 200. However, in the antenna array 100, the distance between the antenna units 101 is relatively small, and there may be coupling between the antenna units 101, which affects the performance of the antenna array 100. However, in the isolation scheme in the prior art, different isolation structures are arranged on the antenna arrays for different types of antenna arrays, so that the antenna arrays are complicated to arrange, and the isolation structures are only for specific antenna array types, so that the adaptability is poor. Therefore, the radome provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided, and the radome provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
First, isolation in this application refers to separating two antenna units, including but not limited to physical isolation between the two antenna units and signal isolation between the two antenna units, where the isolation refers to reflecting signals of the antenna units, reducing energy coupling between the antenna units, and improving isolation of the antenna array.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a radome provided in an embodiment of the present application. The radome 10 shown in fig. 2 includes a cover 11, the cover 11 is a housing part of the radome 10, which may be referred to as a housing, the cover 11 is a cover or a housing covering the antenna unit, and the cover 11 is used for covering the antenna array to protect the antenna unit in use, and has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in electrical performance and can withstand harsh environments in mechanical performance to prevent the antenna unit from being damaged. The shape of the cover body can be matched with the shape of the antenna array arrangement. Illustratively, the shape of the cover 11 may be rectangular, spherical, etc., and the cover 11 shown in fig. 2 is a rectangular cover 11. When antenna house 10 protection antenna unit, antenna unit's signal can pierce through antenna house 10, and its principle is antenna house 10's thickness for antenna unit operating frequency corresponds the half of wavelength, and antenna unit's signal is the first reflection on antenna house 10 and the second time signal phase reversal after reflection, consequently cover body 11 has strong transmission, the characteristic of weak reflection, and the signal can pierce through antenna house 10.
With continued reference to fig. 2, at least one dielectric plate is disposed in the housing 11 for inserting between adjacent antenna units and isolating the antenna units, and at least one dielectric plate includes a first dielectric plate 12, where the first dielectric plate 12 is configured to reflect a first signal from a first antenna unit and a second signal from a second antenna unit. The first dielectric plate 12 reflects the first signal that may enter the second radiation area (radiation area of the second antenna) back to the first radiation area (radiation area of the first antenna element); the first dielectric plate 12 reflects the second signal that may enter the first radiation region back into the second radiation region, so as to reduce the energy coupling between the first signal and the second signal and improve the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. As can be seen from fig. 2, the first dielectric plate extends along a direction a to a certain height so as to separate the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, where the direction a is perpendicular to the installation surface of the antenna array. The first dielectric plate reflects the first signal and the second signal at the side in the direction a. The side surface of the first dielectric slab along the direction a may form a certain included angle with the direction a, such as 0 to 30 °, and exemplarily, the included angle may be different angles of 0 °,10 °, 15 °, 20 °, 25 °, 30 °, and the like.
For convenience of description, the first dielectric plate 12 is taken as an example, and it should be understood that the first dielectric plate 12 is only an example, and is used to more clearly describe the structure and the operation principle of the radome 10 provided in the present application, and the characteristics of the first dielectric plate 12 are satisfied for each of the at least one dielectric plate in the radome 10.
Alternatively, the first dielectric plate 12 illustrated in fig. 2 and the cover 11 are integrated, for example, by using machining (machining, which refers to a process of changing the external dimensions or properties of a workpiece by a mechanical device, and can be divided into cutting and pressing according to the difference in machining modes) or die sinking (in industrial design, refers to a tool set for forming a product design, including a mechanical device and a die). At this time, the first dielectric plate 12 and the cover 11 are made of the same material, so that the radome can be formed by one-step processing. For example, the first dielectric plate 12 and the cover 11 may be made of a material containing silicon, such as PC EX9330L, glass fiber reinforced plastic, or the like, having good dielectric and strength properties. With reference to fig. 2, the plurality of first dielectric plates 12 are arranged in a single row at intervals, each first dielectric plate 12 is in a strip structure, and a gap is formed between the first dielectric plates 12, and the gap is used for accommodating an antenna unit.
Fig. 3 shows a side view of an installation of the radome 10 and antenna array 100 shown in fig. 2. In fig. 3, the direction a is shown. The antenna elements 101 of the antenna array 100 are arranged at intervals in a single row along a direction a, and the first dielectric plate 12 is also arranged along the direction a, which is an arbitrary direction, that is, the arrangement direction of the antenna elements 101 is the same as the arrangement direction of the first dielectric plate 12. Specifically, to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, two antenna elements in the antenna array 100 are exemplarily defined: the antenna includes a first antenna element 101a and a second antenna element 101b, the first antenna element 101a and the second antenna element 101b are adjacent antenna elements, and the first dielectric plate 12 is located between the first antenna element 101a and the second antenna element 101 b. As can be seen from fig. 3, the first dielectric plates 12 are alternately arranged with the antenna elements 101, and any two adjacent antenna elements 101 are separated by the first dielectric plates 12. In a possible implementation manner, the number of the first dielectric plates 12 may be determined according to antenna units in the antenna array, for example, one first dielectric plate is provided between any two adjacent antenna units, and if the number of the antenna units is n, the number of the first dielectric plates is at least n-1, where n is a positive integer greater than 2. Illustratively, when there are two antenna elements, one first dielectric plate 12 may be employed; when the number of antenna elements is three, two first dielectric plates 12 may be used.
In a possible implementation manner, the first dielectric plate 12 is disposed perpendicular to the antenna array disposition surface, although the first dielectric plate 12 illustrated in fig. 3 is only a reference perpendicular to the antenna array disposition surface, and an included angle between the first dielectric plate 12 and the antenna array disposition surface may also be an included angle, such as an included angle of-10 ° to 10 °, and may also be applied in the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the first antenna element 101a being reflected by the first dielectric plate 12, fig. 4 illustrates the first antenna element 101a and the second antenna element 101b being adjacent to each other, and the first dielectric plate 12 is located between the first antenna element 101a and the second antenna element 101 b. The first dielectric plate 12 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a first reflective surface 12a and a second reflective surface 12b, where the first reflective surface 12a and the second reflective surface 12b are two opposite surfaces, where the first reflective surface 12a is a side surface of the first dielectric plate 12 adjacent to the first antenna unit 101a, and the second reflective surface 12b is a side surface of the first dielectric plate 12 adjacent to the second antenna unit 101 b.
Alternatively, the cross section of the first dielectric plate 12 (refer to the surface of the first dielectric plate 12 cut along the direction shown by the line a-a in fig. 2) is an isosceles trapezoid, the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12b are two inclined surfaces opposite to the first dielectric plate 12, and the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12b are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the first dielectric plate 12. The wider end of the first dielectric plate 12 is D, the narrower end is D, the average distance between the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12b is one quarter of the wavelength λ corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna unit 101, that is, the average distance between the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12 b: λ of (D + D)/2 of 1/4.
Further, the first dielectric plate 12 is used for reflecting the first signal from the first antenna unit 101a, and the principle of the reflection is shown as a solid arrow and a dashed arrow in fig. 4. When the first signal emitted from the first antenna element 101a propagates to the first reflection surface 12a, a first reflection signal (solid arrow) and a first refraction signal (dotted arrow) are obtained, where the first reflection signal is a signal reflected by the first reflection surface 12a, and the first refraction signal is a signal penetrating into the first dielectric plate 12. The first refraction signal enters the first dielectric plate 12 through the first reflection surface 12a to be transmitted, the first refraction signal is reflected on the second reflection surface 12b to obtain a second reflection signal, the second reflection signal is refracted by the first reflection surface 12a to obtain a second refraction signal, and the second refraction signal enters the air to be transmitted. In one possible implementation, taking the phase of the first signal when the first signal is incident on the first reflection surface 12a as 0 °, the phase of the first reflected signal obtained after being reflected by the first reflection surface 12a is 180 °, the thickness of the first dielectric plate 12 is one quarter of the wavelength λ of the antenna unit 101 corresponding to the operating frequency band, and therefore the phase of the first reflected signal incident on the second reflection surface 12b is 90 °, and correspondingly, the second reflected signal travels 1/2 λ, and therefore the phase of the second reflected signal after being refracted by the first reflection surface 12a is 180 °. Therefore, the first reflected signal obtained by reflecting and refracting the first signal of the first antenna element 101a by the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12b is in phase with the second reflected signal. In-phase refers to the same phase of the signal. As can be seen from the above description, the energy of the first signal penetrating through the first dielectric plate 12 is reduced by the two reflections of the first reflective surface 12a and the second reflective surface 12b, and the effects of high reflection and low transmission are achieved.
The first dielectric plate 12 can also reflect the second signal from the second antenna unit 101b, and the principle of reflection is the same as that of reflection of the first signal, and is not described herein again.
In order to facilitate understanding of differences between the antenna housing provided in the embodiment of the present application and the antenna housing in the prior art, simulation results of two antenna housings are shown below.
Fig. 5 shows the HFSS full-wave simulation result of loading the antenna array with the conventional radome, the structure of the conventional radome can refer to fig. 1, and the isolation between the ports of the adjacent antenna units is 14.7dB as can be seen from fig. 5.
Fig. 6 shows HFSS full-wave simulation results of antenna arrays loaded with the antenna radome provided in the embodiment of the present application, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the isolation between the ports of the adjacent antenna elements is 18.5 dB.
As can be seen from a comparison between fig. 5 and fig. 6, the isolation between the antenna units after the antenna housing provided by the embodiment of the present application is loaded is improved by 3.8dB compared with the isolation between the antenna units loaded with the conventional antenna housing.
As can be seen from the above description, the first signal and the second signal, after being reflected by the first dielectric sheet 12, reduce the energy coupling of the first signal and the second signal through the high reflectivity and low transmissivity of the first dielectric sheet 12. The first antenna element 101a and the second antenna element 101b may be separated by the first dielectric plate 12, so that energy coupling between the antenna elements 101 is reduced, and isolation between the antenna elements 101 is improved, thereby improving performance of the antenna array. In addition, first dielectric slab 12 sets up on antenna house 10, and first dielectric slab 12 can with cover body 11 integrated into one piece, simple structure, convenient preparation compares with the mode of separation of antenna unit 101 among the prior art, has reduced the manufacturing difficulty, has also reduced manufacturing cost simultaneously. In addition, when the antenna housing provided in the embodiment of the application is adopted, the structure of the antenna unit for isolation does not need to be arranged on the antenna array, and the complexity of the antenna array is simplified. In addition, for different types of antenna unit arrays, for example, when the antenna unit of the antenna array adopts a metal waveguide antenna or an antenna in a printed circuit board form, the isolation method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied, and the applicability of the antenna housing is improved.
With continued reference to fig. 4, in an implementable manner, the first dielectric plate 12 is connected to the enclosure 11 at a wider end, the narrower end facing the antenna element 101. Thereby improving the horizontal plane beam width of the antenna by the reflection effect of the first dielectric plate 12. The relative inclination angle of the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12b is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application, and the relative inclination angle of the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12b can be adjusted according to actual needs.
An antenna array loaded with the radome of fig. 4 and an antenna array loaded with the radome of the prior art of fig. 1 were simulated.
Fig. 7 shows the horizontal plane pattern of an antenna array when loaded with a conventional radome. As can be seen from fig. 7, the horizontal beam width of the antenna array is 109 °.
Fig. 8 shows a horizontal plane pattern of an antenna array loaded with a radome provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 8, when the antenna array is loaded with the radome provided in the embodiment of the present application, the horizontal beam width is 133 °.
As can be seen from comparison between fig. 7 and fig. 8, compared with a conventional radome, the radome provided in the embodiment of the present invention can widen a horizontal beam by 24 °, so as to achieve a special beamforming effect.
It can be seen from the comparison of the horizontal directional diagrams that, when the first dielectric slab 12 adopts a structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom, the angle of the reflected signal can be changed through the reflection of the first dielectric slab 12, and the first dielectric slab 12 can function like a wide-angle lens, and can widen the beam width in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving the effect of special beam forming. On the other hand, when the trapezoid structure is adopted, the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface can form a die drawing inclined plane, so that the die sinking processing is easy.
It should be understood that the cross-sectional shape of the first dielectric sheet 12 shown in fig. 4 is merely a specific example, and the first dielectric sheet 12 used in the embodiment of the present application may take other shapes. For example, the cross section of the first dielectric sheet 12 may be in a shape other than an isosceles trapezoid; alternatively, the first dielectric plate 12 may have a wider end facing the antenna unit and a narrower end connected to the cover 11; alternatively, as shown in fig. 9, the first dielectric sheet 12 is rectangular in cross section; or as shown in fig. 10, the first dielectric sheet 12 has an inverted triangular shape in cross section. In addition, the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface illustrated in fig. 4, 10, and 11 are both flat surfaces, but in the embodiment of the present application, it is not limited to that the two reflective surfaces are flat surfaces, and an arc surface, such as an inward concave arc surface or an outward convex arc surface, may also be applied to the above fig. 4, 10, and 11, where an average distance between the first reflective surface 12a and the second reflective surface 12b is 1/4 λ, or an average distance is approximately equal to 1/4 λ in an actual integration process, such as an average distance between 1/6 λ and 1/3 λ.
For convenience of understanding, first, it is explained that a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is a two-dimensional periodic array structure, which is essentially a spatial filter, and exhibits a significant band-pass or band-stop filter characteristic when interacting with electromagnetic waves. The frequency selective surface may transmit or reflect waves of different frequencies, thereby having a particular frequency selective effect.
As shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of another radome 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the schematic structural diagram shown in fig. 11, an FSS structure 12c (Frequency Selective surface) is disposed on the first dielectric plate 12, the FSS structure 12c can selectively penetrate through waves in a certain Frequency band, and waves in other Frequency bands are not permeable, and by using the above characteristics of the Frequency Selective surface, the FSS structure 12c which is not permeable to the wavelength in the operating Frequency band of the antenna unit can be selected to improve the isolation effect of the first dielectric plate. The FSS structure 12c shown in fig. 11 represents only the placement position of the FSS structure 12a, and does not represent the shape of the actual FSS structure 11 c. The specific shape of the FSS structure 12c and the selected frequency can be set according to the operating frequency band of the antenna unit, and are not limited in detail here.
Specifically, when the FSS structure 12c is provided, it may be provided only on the first reflecting surface 12a, only on the second reflecting surface 12b, or on both the first reflecting surface 12a and the second reflecting surface 12 b. The FSS structure disposed on the second reflecting surface 12b may refer to the FSS structure shown in fig. 11, and will not be described in detail here.
As shown in fig. 12, fig. 12 shows a structural schematic view of another radome 10. Reference may be made to the same reference numerals in fig. 3 for the components in fig. 12. The difference between the radome 10 shown in fig. 12 and the radome 10 shown in fig. 2 is that the first dielectric plate 12 and the cover body 11 have a split structure. As shown in fig. 12, first recesses corresponding to the first dielectric plates 12 one by one are provided in the cover 11 (since the first recesses overlap with the first dielectric plates 12, they are not indicated, and the shape of the first recesses may refer to the shape of the portion of the first dielectric plates 12 inserted into the cover 11), and the first dielectric plates 12 are inserted into the corresponding first recesses and are fixedly connected with the cover 11. For example, the first dielectric plate 12 may be fixedly connected with the first groove in an interference fit manner; or the first dielectric plate 12 is inserted into the first groove and fixedly connected with the cover body 11 through adhesive glue; or the first groove adopts a dovetail groove; the first medium plate 12 is provided with dovetail protrusions matched with each other, and the dovetail protrusions and the dovetail grooves are clamped to fix the first medium plate and the dovetail protrusions; or the cover body 11 is not provided with the first groove, and the first dielectric plate 12 is directly fixedly connected with the cover body 11 through the adhesive glue.
When the first dielectric plate 12 and the cover 11 are formed as separate bodies, the first dielectric plate 12 may be connected to the cover 11 by a connector, in addition to the structure shown in fig. 12. Illustratively, the first dielectric plate 12 is fixedly connected to the cover 11 by a common connecting member such as a threaded connecting member (bolt or screw), a rivet, or the like.
As shown in fig. 13, fig. 13 shows a structural schematic diagram of another radome, in fig. 13, a first dielectric plate 13 indicated by a line only represents an arrangement manner of the first dielectric plate 13, and does not represent an actual shape of the first dielectric plate 13; the circle also merely illustrates the arrangement position of the antenna unit 101, and does not represent the actual shape of the antenna unit 101. The component numbers in fig. 13 may refer to the same numbers in fig. 2. The radome 10 shown in fig. 13 differs from the radome 10 shown in fig. 2 in the arrangement of the first dielectric plate 12. The first dielectric plate 12 in fig. 2 is arranged in a single row at intervals, and the antenna unit 101 in the antenna array is applicable to be arranged in a single row at intervals. In the radome 10 shown in fig. 13, at least one dielectric plate is arranged in a grid-like structure, and each grid 12d of the grid-like structure accommodates each antenna element 101 in a one-to-one correspondence. In fig. 13, a plurality of first dielectric plates 12 are arranged to intersect and enclose a grid 12d accommodating each antenna element 101. As shown in fig. 13, the plurality of first dielectric plates 12 are arranged in a staggered manner in the horizontal and vertical directions to form a rectangular grid, and the grid is arranged in an array. The radome 10 shown in fig. 13 can be applied to an antenna array in which the antenna elements 101 are arranged in an array. In addition, an integral structure or a split structure may be adopted between the first dielectric slab 12 and the cover 11 shown in fig. 13, and the specific arrangement manner is not described herein again.
It should be understood that the arrangement of the first dielectric plates 12 shown in fig. 13 is merely an example, and when the antenna array is applied to an antenna array with an array of antenna elements, the first dielectric plates 12 may be arranged in a different manner in a crossed manner, and only a space capable of corresponding to each antenna element is needed, for example, as shown in fig. 14, the first dielectric plates 12 are arranged in a crossed manner at an angle of 60 ° to form a triangular space, and the antenna elements 101 are arranged in the triangular space, where in fig. 14, the first dielectric plates 14 indicated by lines only represent the arrangement of the first dielectric plates 14 and do not represent the actual shape of the first dielectric plates 14; the circle also merely illustrates the arrangement position of the antenna unit 101, and does not represent the actual shape of the antenna unit 101. Alternatively, spaces surrounding a trapezoid or a prism may be arranged between the first dielectric plates 12 in a crossing manner.
The embodiment of the application provides a detection device, such as a millimeter wave radar, a laser detector or other known detection devices, wherein the detection device comprises an antenna array. The form of the antenna array is not limited in the embodiment of the application, and the antenna unit of the antenna array can be a metal waveguide antenna or an antenna in the form of a printed circuit board. The plurality of antenna units in the antenna array may be arranged in a single row or in an array, and the specific arrangement mode may be arranged according to an actual application scenario. The detection device further comprises a radome for isolating the antenna units, and the radome may adopt any one of the radomes of the above examples. When adopting above-mentioned antenna house, the cover body of antenna house only need can cover a plurality of antenna element can, and the dielectric plate only need can keep apart adjacent antenna element can.
When the first dielectric plate isolates the antenna unit, it may be adopted as shown in fig. 15, where the first dielectric plate 12 is located above the antenna unit 101, and the minimum distance between the first dielectric plate 12 and the antenna unit 101 is H. In the manner shown in fig. 16, the first dielectric plate may be in contact with the upper surface of the antenna unit 101 (the placement direction of the antenna shown in fig. 16 is taken as a reference direction); the first dielectric plate 12 is spaced apart from the installation surface of the antenna element 101 by a gap H2. Or, as shown in fig. 17, the first dielectric plate 12 is inserted between the plurality of antenna units 101, and a certain distance H (H is smaller than H) still exists between the single-distance antenna units 101 and the installation surface; it is also possible to adopt a manner as shown in fig. 18 in which the arrangement surface of the plurality of antenna elements 101 is provided with a second recess into which the first dielectric plate 12 is inserted (since the second recess overlaps the first dielectric plate 12, it is not indicated, and the shape of the second recess may refer to the shape of the portion of the first dielectric plate 12 inserted into the arrangement surface). Thus, each antenna element 101 is disposed in an independent space through the first dielectric plate 12, the cover 11 and the disposing surface, and the isolation effect between the antenna elements 101 is improved.
It can be seen from the above description that, in the detection apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application, the signal of the antenna unit can be reflected by the first dielectric plate, so that energy coupling between the antenna units can be reduced, an isolation effect between the antenna units can be improved, and performance of the antenna unit can be improved. Meanwhile, the first dielectric plate is arranged on the cover body and can be integrated on the antenna cover, so that the cost can be effectively reduced.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an intelligent vehicle, as shown in fig. 19, the intelligent vehicle 200 is provided with at least one detection device 201, for example, two, three, four, and other detection devices 201 in different numbers are provided. The position of the detecting device 201 is not specifically limited in this application, and may be disposed at the tail of the vehicle, or at the head of the vehicle, or at the roof or the side of the vehicle. The detection device 201 can reflect the signals of the antenna units by adopting the first dielectric plate, so that the energy coupling between the antenna units can be reduced, the isolation effect between the antenna units can be improved, the performance of the antenna units can be improved, and the detection function of the intelligent vehicle 200 can be further improved. Meanwhile, the first dielectric plate is arranged on the cover body and can be integrated on the antenna cover, so that the cost can be effectively reduced.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (16)
1. An antenna housing for protecting an antenna array, wherein the antenna housing comprises a housing body and at least one dielectric plate fixed in the housing body; the at least one dielectric plate includes a first dielectric plate, the first dielectric plate is located between a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are adjacent antenna units in the antenna array, and the first dielectric plate reflects a first signal from the first antenna unit and a second signal from the second antenna unit.
2. The radome of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate is configured to reduce energy coupling between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
3. The radome of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, wherein,
the first reflecting surface is a side surface of the first dielectric plate adjacent to the first antenna unit;
the second reflecting surface is a side surface of the first dielectric plate adjacent to the second antenna unit;
the first signal is reflected by the first reflecting surface to obtain a first reflected signal and a first refracted signal;
the first refraction signal is reflected by the second reflection surface to obtain a second reflection signal;
the second reflection signal is refracted by the first reflection surface to obtain a second refraction signal;
the first reflected signal is in phase with the second reflected signal.
4. The radome of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first dielectric plate has a trapezoidal cross section, and the first and second reflective surfaces are inclined surfaces.
5. The radome of claims 1-4, wherein an average spacing between the first and second reflective surfaces is one quarter of an operating wavelength of the antenna unit.
6. The radome of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first dielectric plate is provided with a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) structure.
7. The radome of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the at least one dielectric plate is arranged in a single row, wherein each dielectric plate corresponds to a spacing of every two adjacent antenna elements in the antenna array.
8. The radome of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the at least one dielectric plate is arranged in a grid-like structure, and each grid of the grid-like structure accommodates each antenna unit in a one-to-one correspondence.
9. The radome of claim 8, wherein each mesh is rectangular, trapezoidal, or triangular.
10. The antenna cover according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the at least one dielectric plate is of an integral structure with the cover body.
11. The antenna cover according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the at least one dielectric plate is connected to the cover body by a connecting member.
12. The radome of claim 11, wherein first grooves are formed in the cover body in one-to-one correspondence with the dielectric plates, and each dielectric plate is inserted into the corresponding first groove and connected to the cover body.
13. The antenna cover according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first dielectric plate is perpendicular to a mounting surface of the antenna array.
14. An exploration device comprising an antenna array and a radome according to any one of claims 1 to 13; and the dielectric plate in the antenna housing is used for separating two adjacent antenna units in the antenna array.
15. The detecting device according to claim 14, wherein a gap exists between the at least one dielectric plate and the installation surface of the antenna array.
16. The detecting device according to claim 14, wherein a second groove is provided on the installation surface of the plurality of antenna units, and the at least one dielectric plate is inserted into the second groove in a one-to-one correspondence.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2020/077306 WO2021168846A1 (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Radome and detection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113692677A true CN113692677A (en) | 2021-11-23 |
| CN113692677B CN113692677B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080015081.6A Active CN113692677B (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Antenna housing and detection device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113692677B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021168846A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN216563497U (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-17 | 罗森伯格技术有限公司 | Integrated antenna |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN113692677B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
| WO2021168846A1 (en) | 2021-09-02 |
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