CN113690780A

CN113690780A - Multifunctional box-type substation

Info

Publication number: CN113690780A
Application number: CN202111022329.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘斌
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Tongyuan Electric Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhengzhou Tongyuan Electric Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-01
Filing date: 2021-09-01
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-01
Also published as: CN113690780B

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional box-type substation, which belongs to the technical field of substations and comprises the following steps: the top of the box body is opened, and a high-pressure chamber, a transformer chamber and a low-pressure chamber are sequentially arranged in the box body along the front-back length direction; a door; a vent; a visual window; further comprising: the ventilation lampshade penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body and is arranged on the upper side of the box body; the illuminating mechanism is arranged in the ventilating lamp shade in a sliding manner along the width direction of the box body; the air exhaust mechanism is arranged above the box body; the flow guide dust removal device is arranged between the box body and the air exhaust mechanism and comprises a flow guide mechanism arranged between the box body and the air exhaust mechanism and a dust removal mechanism arranged in the flow guide mechanism; and the rain shielding mechanism is arranged on the air exhaust mechanism. The invention not only can effectively reduce the temperature in the box body, prevent electrical components from being damaged or even firing due to high temperature, improve the safety, but also can illuminate the inside and the outside of the box body, does not need to install a plurality of illuminating lamps inside and outside the box body, and has strong practicability.

Description

Multifunctional box-type substation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transformer substations, in particular to a multifunctional box-type transformer substation.

Background

Transformer substation, place of changing voltage. In order to transmit the electric energy generated by the power plant to a remote place, the voltage must be increased to become high voltage, and then the voltage is decreased as required near the user, and the voltage increasing and decreasing work is completed by a transformer substation. The main equipment of a substation are switches and transformers. The small transformer substations are called as transformer substations according to different sizes. The transformer substation is larger than the substation. The transformer substation refers to a step-down transformer substation with the voltage grade below 110kV, and comprises step-up and step-down transformer substations with various voltage grades. A substation is an electrical facility in an electrical power system that transforms voltage, receives and distributes electrical energy, controls the flow of electrical power, and regulates voltage, and it connects the grids of the various levels of voltage through its transformers.

The box-type substation consists of a high-voltage distribution device, a power transformer, a low-voltage distribution device and the like, and is arranged in a metal box body, and three parts of equipment respectively occupy a space and are isolated from each other. The box-type substation is a relatively novel device. The device is developed from a relatively simple device at the beginning into a relatively perfect and reliable device at present. It has the following advantages:

(1) the land occupation is small, the land acquisition is convenient, and the method is suitable for being installed in general urban dense-load areas, rural areas, residential districts and the like, is favorable for high-voltage extension, reduces the power supply radius of low-voltage lines and reduces the line loss;

(2) the civil foundation cost is reduced, the factory production can be realized, the field construction period is shortened, the investment is less, and the effect is obvious;

(3) the volume is small, the weight is light, and the transportation or the displacement is convenient;

(4) the novel equipment such as a full-sealed transformer, an SF6 ring main unit and the like can be adopted, the characteristics of long period, no maintenance and complete functions are realized, and the device can be used for terminals and ring networks;

(5) the appearance is novel pleasing to the eye, and the demand of using electricity such as industry garden, residential area, commercial center is comparatively coordinated with the environment to the interim power consumption of extensively being used for construction.

The box-type transformer substation is suitable for residential districts, urban public transformer substations, busy cities, construction power supplies and the like, and a user can select the box-type transformer substation according to different use conditions and load grades. Since the advent of box-type substations, the development of which has been extremely rapid, has been 70% of distribution transformers in developed countries in europe and 90% in the united states. The rapid development of modern construction of cities in China and the continuous updating and transformation of urban power distribution networks are certainly widely applied. The box-type substation is a main direction for current rural power grid transformation and future substation construction, but has some defects and shortcomings in some aspects, and is particularly reflected in the problems of maintenance and heat dissipation. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a multifunctional box-type substation to solve the existing problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a multifunctional box-type substation, which not only can effectively reduce the temperature in the box body, prevent electrical components from being damaged or even firing due to high temperature, improve the safety, but also can illuminate the inside and outside of the box body, does not need to install a plurality of illuminating lamps inside and outside the box body, and has strong practicability.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multifunctional box-type substation, comprising:

the transformer comprises a box body, wherein the top of the box body is opened, and a high-pressure chamber, a transformer chamber and a low-pressure chamber are sequentially arranged in the box body along the front-back length direction;

the door is arranged on the side wall of the box body;

a vent disposed on the door;

the visual window is arranged on the door;

further comprising:

the ventilation lampshade penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body and is arranged on the upper side of the box body;

the illuminating mechanism is arranged in the ventilating lamp shade in a sliding manner along the width direction of the box body;

the air exhaust mechanism is arranged above the box body and is used for exhausting hot air in the box body;

the flow guide dust removal device is arranged between the box body and the exhaust mechanism and comprises a flow guide mechanism arranged between the box body and the exhaust mechanism and a dust removal mechanism arranged in the flow guide mechanism;

and the rain shielding mechanism is arranged on the air exhaust mechanism and is used for shielding rain and not blocking the hot air in the box body to be discharged outside.

Further, the guiding mechanism comprises a guiding cover arranged at the top of the ventilation lampshade and a plurality of wind blade plates uniformly arranged at the top of the guiding cover, and the wind blade plates are rotatably connected with the guiding cover.

Furthermore, the dust removal mechanism comprises a plurality of dust collection components which are detachably and uniformly arranged in the air guide sleeve;

the dust collection assembly comprises a folded plate which is detachably arranged in the air guide sleeve and bent into a plurality of sections, and a dust collection plate which is arranged on the upper surface of the folded plate and used for collecting dust.

Furthermore, a plurality of dust collecting grooves are uniformly formed in the upper surface of the dust collecting plate.

Further, exhaust mechanism is including dismantling the exhaust hood that sets up in the kuppe top, evenly set up a plurality of exhaust fans on the exhaust hood.

Furthermore, the rain shielding mechanism comprises a rain shielding plate arranged above the exhaust hood and a plurality of support plates arranged between the rain shielding plate and the exhaust hood, and an exhaust channel is formed between every two adjacent support plates.

Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the rain baffle is in an inverted V shape.

Furthermore, lighting mechanism includes the base that sets up in the ventilation lampshade along the width direction of box, sets up the slide rail on the base along the length direction of base, slides and sets up the slide on the slide rail, set up on the base and be used for driving drive assembly that the slide slided, set up the explosion-proof lamps and lanterns on the slide.

Furthermore, vent department is equipped with the dust guard, the dust guard is including setting up plate body on the vent, evenly seting up a plurality of through-holes on the plate body.

Furthermore, a warning board is arranged on the door.

The technical scheme of the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention has simple structure and compact layout, comprises the ventilating lampshade, the flow guiding and dust removing device, the air exhaust mechanism and the rain shielding mechanism, hot air floats upwards, high-temperature air in the box body can be discharged out of the box body, the temperature in the box body is effectively reduced, electric elements are prevented from being damaged or even firing due to high temperature, and the safety is improved;

2. the ventilating lamp shade penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body and is arranged on the upper side of the box body, the illuminating mechanism is arranged in the ventilating lamp shade in a sliding mode along the length direction of the ventilating lamp shade, the outside of the box body can be illuminated, the inside of the box body can be illuminated, a plurality of illuminating lamps do not need to be arranged inside and outside the box body, and the practicability is high;

3. the air guide mechanism comprises an air guide cover arranged at the top of the ventilation lampshade and a plurality of fan blades uniformly arranged at the top of the air guide cover, the fan blades are rotatably connected with the air guide cover, when the exhaust mechanism works, the fan blades are in an open state under the action of wind power to ensure that hot air in the box body is smoothly discharged, and when the exhaust mechanism stops working, the fan blades are in a closed state to prevent impurities such as dust and the like from entering the box body;

4. the dust removal mechanism comprises a plurality of dust collection components which are detachably and uniformly arranged in the air guide sleeve, each dust collection component comprises a folded plate which is detachably arranged in the air guide sleeve and bent into a plurality of sections and a dust collection plate which is arranged on the upper surface of the folded plate and used for collecting dust, when hot air in the box body passes through gaps among the folded plates, light impurities such as dust in the hot air can be left due to collision with the folded plates, the light impurities such as the dust in the hot air discharged out of the box body are reduced, and the environment pollution is prevented;

5. the upper surface of the dust collecting plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of dust collecting grooves, light impurities such as dust and the like blocked by the folded plate can fall into the dust collecting grooves instead of falling into the box body again, the folded plate is detached at regular time for cleaning, the cleaning is convenient and fast, and the purpose of carrying out dust removal treatment on the environment in the box body can be achieved;

6. the rain shielding mechanism comprises a rain shielding plate arranged above the exhaust hood and a plurality of support plates arranged between the rain shielding plate and the exhaust hood, and an exhaust channel is formed between every two adjacent support plates, so that the purpose of shielding rain can be achieved, the damage of electrical elements caused by rainwater entering the box body can be prevented, and the smooth exhaust of hot air in the box body can be ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional box-type substation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a diversion dust removal device in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion C of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the venting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a left side view of fig. 1.

In the figure:

1. a box body;

2. a ventilation lampshade;

3. a flow guide mechanism; 301. a connecting frame; 302. installing a frame; 303. a leaf plate; 304. enclosing plates; 305. a partition plate;

4. an air exhaust mechanism; 401. an exhaust hood; 402. an epitaxial plate; 403. a connecting plate; 404. an exhaust fan;

5. a rain shielding mechanism; 501. a central top plate; 502. a side roof panel; 503. a support plate; 504. an air exhaust channel;

6. a dust removal mechanism; 601. folding the plate; 602. a dust collecting plate;

7. an illumination mechanism; 701. a base; 702. a motor; 703. a slideway; 704. a slide plate; 705. an explosion-proof lamp;

8. a side door;

9. a side vent;

10. a main door;

11. a positive vent;

12. a visual window;

13. a warning board.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9 of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a multifunctional box-type substation includes:

the transformer comprises a box body 1, wherein the top of the box body 1 is opened, and a high-pressure chamber, a transformer chamber and a low-pressure chamber are sequentially arranged in the box body 1 along the front-rear length direction;

the door is arranged on the side wall of the box body 1;

a vent hole disposed on the door;

a visual window 12 arranged on the door;

further comprising:

the ventilation lampshade 2 penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body 1 and is arranged on the upper side of the box body 1;

the illuminating mechanism 7 is arranged in the ventilation lampshade 2 in a sliding manner along the width direction of the box body 1;

the air exhaust mechanism 4 is arranged above the box body 1 and is used for exhausting hot air in the box body 1;

the flow guiding and dust removing device is arranged between the box body 1 and the air exhaust mechanism 4 and comprises a flow guiding mechanism 3 arranged between the box body 1 and the air exhaust mechanism 4 and a dust removing mechanism 6 arranged in the flow guiding mechanism 3;

and the rain shielding mechanism 5 is arranged on the air exhaust mechanism 4 and is used for shielding rain and does not block the hot air in the box body 1 to be discharged outside.

Specifically, a multifunctional box-type substation includes:

the transformer comprises a box body 1, wherein the top of the box body 1 is opened, a high-pressure chamber, a transformer chamber and a low-pressure chamber are sequentially arranged in the box body 1 along the front-back length direction, and a transformer (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the transformer chamber;

the door is arranged on the side wall of the box body 1 and comprises a front door 10 and side doors 8, the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body 1 are respectively provided with three front doors 10, and the front side wall and the rear side wall of the box body 1 are respectively provided with one side door 8;

the ventilation openings are arranged on the doors, a positive ventilation opening 11 is arranged on each positive door 10, and a side ventilation opening 9 is arranged on each side door 8;

each front door 10 is provided with a visual window 12, and the visual window 12 is positioned above the front ventilation opening 11, so that the staff can conveniently check the specific conditions in the box body 1;

further comprising:

the ventilation lampshade 2 penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body 1 and is installed on the upper side of the box body 1, the left end and the right end of the ventilation lampshade 2 respectively penetrate through the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body 1 and extend to the outside of the box body 1, and toughened glass is installed at the bottom of a door extending to the outside to prevent impurities from entering the box body 1 and prevent light from being shielded;

the illuminating mechanism 7 is slidably mounted in the ventilation lampshade 2 along the width direction (left and right direction in fig. 1) of the box body 1, so that the external part of the box body 1 can be illuminated, the internal part of the box body 1 can be illuminated, a plurality of illuminating lamps do not need to be mounted inside and outside the box body 1, and the practicability is high;

the air exhaust mechanism 4 is arranged above the box body 1 and used for exhausting hot air in the box body 1;

the flow guide dust removal device is arranged between the box body 1 and the exhaust mechanism 4 and comprises a flow guide mechanism 3 arranged between the box body 1 and the exhaust mechanism 4 and a dust removal mechanism 6 arranged in the flow guide mechanism 3;

and the rain shielding mechanism 5 is arranged on the air exhaust mechanism 4 and used for shielding rain and does not block the hot air in the box body 1 to be discharged outside.

The steam come-up, ventilation lampshade 2, water conservancy diversion mechanism 3, exhaust mechanism 4 and the cooperation of mechanism 5 that keeps off the rain for the high temperature air in the box 1 passes ventilation lampshade 2, water conservancy diversion mechanism 3, exhaust mechanism 4 and mechanism 5 that keeps off the rain in proper order and just discharges outside box 1, guarantees that the high temperature air in the box 1 smoothly discharges box 1, effectively reduces the temperature in the box 1, prevents that electrical components from damaging or even catching fire because of high temperature, improves the security.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the air guide mechanism 3 includes an air guide sleeve mounted on the top of the ventilation lampshade 2, and a plurality of vane plates 303 uniformly mounted on the top of the air guide sleeve, wherein the vane plates 303 are rotatably connected with the air guide sleeve. When the exhaust mechanism 4 works, the air vane plate 303 is in an open state under the action of wind power, so that the hot air in the box body 1 is smoothly discharged, and when the exhaust mechanism 4 stops working, the air vane plate 303 is in a closed state, so that impurities such as dust and the like are prevented from entering the box body 1.

Specifically, the kuppe includes coupling frame 301, surround four bounding walls 304 of installation along the bottom edge of coupling frame 301, install the installing frame 302 at coupling frame 301 top, the bottom of bounding wall 304 is equipped with the inflection limit, the top of inflection limit passing through bolt and box 1 can be dismantled and be connected, coupling frame 301 passes through the bolt and can dismantle with exhaust mechanism 4 and be connected, the mid-mounting of installing frame 302 has a baffle 305, aerofoil 303 evenly arranges and installs between the lateral wall and the baffle 305 about the installing frame 302. All correspond on the lateral wall about installing frame 302 left and right sides inside wall and baffle 305 and seted up the mounting hole, the both ends welding of aerofoil 303 has the installation axle, and the installation axle rotates the cartridge in the mounting hole, guarantees that aerofoil 303 smoothly opens and shuts.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, the dust removing mechanism 6 comprises a plurality of dust collecting components detachably and uniformly installed in the air guide sleeve through bolts; the dust collecting assembly includes a multi-segmented flap 601 detachably mounted at the bottom of the connection frame 301, and a dust collecting plate 602 mounted on the upper surface of the flap 601 and used for collecting dust. When the hot air in the box body 1 passes through the gap between the folded plates 601, dust and other impurities in the hot air are left due to collision with the folded plates 601, so that the amount of dust and other impurities in the hot air discharged out of the box body 1 is reduced, and the environment is prevented from being polluted. Flap 601 is shaped like a Z.

Further, a plurality of dust collecting grooves are uniformly formed on the upper surface of the dust collecting plate 602. Light impurities such as dust blocked by the folded plate 601 can fall into the dust collecting groove instead of the box body 1 again, the folded plate 601 is detached at regular time for cleaning, the cleaning is convenient, and the purpose of dust removal treatment on the environment in the box body 1 can be achieved.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the upper surface of the dust collecting plate 602 is formed in a wave shape, and a dust collecting groove with a circular arc-shaped cross section is uniformly arranged on the upper surface; in another embodiment, the dust collecting plate 602 is a flat plate, and a plurality of dust collecting grooves with rectangular longitudinal sections are uniformly formed on the upper surface of the dust collecting plate. Of course, in other embodiments, the longitudinal section of the dust collecting groove may be trapezoidal or irregular, and the purpose of the same is to collect the dust and other impurities blocked by the flap 601.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 7 and 8, the exhaust mechanism 4 includes an exhaust hood 401 detachably mounted on the top of the air guide hood by bolts, and a plurality of exhaust fans 404 uniformly mounted on the exhaust hood 401, and the exhaust fans 404 operate to exhaust the hot air in the box body 1.

Specifically, the opening of exhaust hood 401 is down, and nine exhaust fans 404 are evenly arranged and installed at the top of exhaust hood 401, and both ends bottom is connected with epitaxial plate 402 about exhaust hood 401, and both ends are installed with the contact of the epitaxial plate 402 of the left and right sides respectively about exhaust hood 401's bottom and are connected with connecting plate 403, and connecting plate 403 can be dismantled with connection frame 301 through the bolt and be connected, and the dismouting is convenient.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the rain shielding mechanism 5 includes a rain shielding plate installed above the hood 401, and a plurality of support plates 503 installed between the rain shielding plate and the hood 401, and an air exhaust channel 504 is formed between two adjacent support plates 503. The rain shield can shield rain, prevent rain water from falling into the box body 1, and the exhaust channel 504 can exhaust air, so that hot air exhausted from the box body 1 is exhausted to the outside along the exhaust channel 504. This rain-proof mechanism 5 can reach the purpose that keeps off the rain, prevents to cause electrical components to damage because of the rainwater gets into in the box 1, can ensure again that the hot-blast discharge in the box 1 is smooth and easy, design benefit, the practicality is strong.

Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the rain baffle is inverted V-shaped, so that rainwater is ensured to flow from the middle to two sides along the top of the rain baffle.

Specifically, the weather shield includes that the longitudinal section is the central authorities roof 501 of the V type of invering, the side roof 502 of being connected with the left and right ends of central authorities roof 501, and the face inclination of central authorities roof 501 is greater than the inclination of side roof 502, ensures to fall on the rainwater at the weather shield top, and the top intermediate position of weather shield flows to both sides sooner, and after on flowing to side roof 502, the velocity of flow then can slow down, avoids the rainwater too anxious at the flow of weather shield top.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the lighting mechanism 7 includes a base 701 installed at the top inside the louver 2 along the width direction of the cabinet 1 (i.e., the left-right direction in fig. 1 and 3), a slide rail 703 installed at the bottom of the base 701 along the length direction of the base 701 (i.e., the left-right direction in fig. 1 and 3), a slide plate 704 slidably installed on the slide rail 703, a driving assembly installed at the right end of the base 701 and used for driving the slide plate 704 to slide, and an explosion-proof lamp 705 installed on the slide plate 704. The driving assembly works, the driving sliding plate 704 slides left and right on the sliding rail 703, and the explosion-proof lamp 705 is driven to slide left and right in the ventilation lampshade 2, so that only one explosion-proof lamp 705 is needed, the left and right sides of the box body 1 (outside) can be illuminated, the inside of the box body 1 can be illuminated, and the practicability is strong.

Specifically, the driving assembly includes a screw rotatably installed in the base 701 along the length direction of the base 701, a motor 702 in transmission connection with the right end of the screw, and a threaded sleeve threadedly mounted on the screw, the threaded sleeve being connected to the top of the sliding plate 704. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof lamp 705 is an LED explosion-proof projector lamp of model YH 7236T. The motor 702 works, and the output end of the motor is connected with the screw rod through the coupler and the screw rod and the motor and the screw rod rotate coaxially, so that the threaded sleeve is driven to slide left and right, and the sliding plate 704 is driven to slide left and right on the sliding rail 703. The driving is stable and reliable.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 9, all the ventilation openings are provided with dust-proof plates, and the dust-proof plates include plate bodies installed on the ventilation openings and a plurality of through holes uniformly formed on the plate bodies, so as to perform the functions of air intake, dust filtration and dust prevention, and reduce the amount of light impurities such as dust contained in the fresh air flowing into the box body 1.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, a warning board 13 is installed on the front door 10, and the warning board 13 is located above the visible window 12, so as to be easily seen by a worker, visually and prominently remind the worker of safety and preventing electric shock.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the motor 702 works to drive the explosion-proof lamp 705 to slide left and right in the ventilating lamp shade 2, so that only one explosion-proof lamp 705 is needed, the left side and the right side of the box body 1 (outside) can be lightened, the inside of the box body 1 can be lightened, a plurality of lamps are not needed to be installed, the requirement of workers on brightness during patrol and overhaul can be met, the cost is saved, and the practicability is strong; the top of the ventilation lampshade 2 is opened to ensure that hot air in the box body 1 can smoothly pass through, the exhaust fan works, and air with the temperature increased due to heat dissipation of electrical components in the box body 1 forms hot air which sequentially passes through the ventilation lampshade 2, the flow guide cover, the exhaust cover 401 and the exhaust channel 504 to flow outside, so that the structure is simple, the layout is compact, the exhaust is smooth, the temperature in the box body 1 is effectively reduced, the electrical components are prevented from being damaged or even ignited due to high temperature, and the safety is improved; in the process of discharging the hot air in the box body 1, when the hot air passes through gaps between the folded plates 601, light impurities such as dust in the hot air are left due to collision with the folded plates 601 and fall into the dust collecting groove on the upper surface of the dust collecting plate 602, so that the light impurities such as dust in the hot air discharged out of the box body 1 are reduced, and the environment is prevented from being polluted; the dust collecting plate 602 is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and light impurities such as collected dust can be cleaned only by disassembling the dust collecting plate at regular time, so that the dust collecting plate is convenient to clean.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example, it may be fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional box-type substation comprising:

the transformer comprises a box body (1), wherein the top of the box body (1) is opened, and a high-pressure chamber, a transformer chamber and a low-pressure chamber are sequentially arranged in the box body (1) along the front-rear length direction;

the door is arranged on the side wall of the box body (1);

a vent hole disposed on the door;

a visual window (12) arranged on the door;

it is characterized by also comprising:

the ventilation lampshade (2) penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body (1) and is arranged on the upper side of the box body (1);

the lighting mechanism (7) is arranged in the ventilation lampshade (2) in a sliding manner along the width direction of the box body (1);

the air exhaust mechanism (4) is arranged above the box body (1) and is used for exhausting hot air in the box body (1);

the flow guide dust removal device is arranged between the box body (1) and the air exhaust mechanism (4), and comprises a flow guide mechanism (3) arranged between the box body (1) and the air exhaust mechanism (4) and a dust removal mechanism (6) arranged in the flow guide mechanism (3);

and the rain shielding mechanism (5) is arranged on the air exhaust mechanism (4) and is used for shielding rain and not blocking the hot air in the box body (1) to be discharged outside.

2. The multifunctional box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the flow guide mechanism (3) comprises a flow guide cover arranged at the top of the ventilation lampshade (2) and a plurality of fan blades (303) uniformly arranged at the top of the flow guide cover, and the fan blades (303) are rotatably connected with the flow guide cover.

3. The multifunctional box substation of claim 2, characterized in that: the dust removal mechanism (6) comprises a plurality of dust collection components which are detachably and uniformly arranged in the air guide sleeve;

the dust collection assembly comprises a folded plate (601) which is detachably arranged in the air guide sleeve and bent into a plurality of sections, and a dust collection plate (602) which is arranged on the upper surface of the folded plate (601) and used for collecting dust.

4. The multifunctional box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the upper surface of the dust collecting plate (602) is uniformly provided with a plurality of dust collecting grooves.

5. The multifunctional box substation of claim 2, characterized in that: exhaust mechanism (4) including can dismantle exhaust hood (401) that sets up in the kuppe top, evenly set up a plurality of exhaust fans (404) on exhaust hood (401).

6. The multifunctional box substation of claim 5, characterized in that: the rain shielding mechanism (5) comprises a rain shielding plate arranged above the exhaust hood (401) and a plurality of support plates (503) arranged between the rain shielding plate and the exhaust hood (401), and an exhaust channel (504) is formed between every two adjacent support plates (503).

7. The multifunctional box substation of claim 6, characterized in that: the longitudinal section of the rain baffle is inverted V-shaped.

8. The multifunctional box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the lighting mechanism (7) comprises a base (701) arranged in the ventilating lampshade (2) along the width direction of the box body (1), a sliding rail (703) arranged on the base (701) along the length direction of the base (701), a sliding plate (704) arranged on the sliding rail (703) in a sliding manner, a driving assembly arranged on the base (701) and used for driving the sliding plate (704) to slide, and an explosion-proof lamp (705) arranged on the sliding plate (704).

9. A multifunctional box substation according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the vent department is equipped with the dust guard, the dust guard is including setting up plate body on the vent, evenly seting up a plurality of through-holes on the plate body.

10. A multifunctional box substation according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the door is provided with a warning board (13).