CN113688551A - Acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method, system and storage medium - Google Patents
Acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method, system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a noise optimization method, a system and a storage medium of an acoustic-solid coupling system, relating to the technical field of automobile noise measurement and optimization and comprising the following steps: establishing a vehicle body model based on an FE-SEA hybrid method; establishing an acoustic cavity model; coupling and connecting the sound cavity model with the subsystems of the vehicle body model to obtain a sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model; applying excitation to the simulation model to obtain the noise of a target point; carrying out acoustic response analysis on the simulation model to obtain noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to a target point; finding out a key subsystem; performing structural optimization on the key subsystem; and re-executing the steps on the optimized vehicle body model until the noise of the target point under different excitations and different working conditions is less than a preset threshold value. The invention establishes the vehicle-fixed coupling model by using the FE-SEA hybrid method and simulates, so that the noise performance of the vehicle can be more conveniently optimized, the performance of the vehicle can be improved, and the research and development efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile noise measurement and optimization, in particular to a method and a system for optimizing noise of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on an FE-SEA (acoustic-solid coupling-induced emission spectroscopy) hybrid method and a storage medium.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living quality of residents in China, people have higher requirements on the performance of automobiles, the NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) performance of the automobiles is the most intuitive embodiment of the performance of the automobiles, and the level of the NVH performance reflects the manufacturing quality of the automobiles. Therefore, the development of effective vibration and noise reduction technology and the improvement of the use experience of users are necessary means for improving the product competitiveness.
Most of the prior art is to install noise reduction and vibration reduction devices on finished automobiles to achieve the purpose of improving the comfort of users. However, this method does not fundamentally modify the automobile, but requires a specific device to be installed on the finished automobile, and the installed device occupies a limited space in the automobile, and on the other hand, does not improve the noise-proof and vibration-damping performance of the automobile itself. Therefore, how to optimize the noise-proof and vibration-damping performance of automobiles before the production of automobiles and directly produce automobiles with excellent performance is a problem that needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, a system and a storage medium for predicting and optimizing the vibration performance of vehicle noise in the vehicle production stage, so as to improve the performance of the vehicle and improve the user experience.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a noise optimization method of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on an FE-SEA hybrid method comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a vehicle body model based on an FE-SEA hybrid method, wherein the vehicle body model consists of a plurality of subsystems;
step two, establishing an acoustic cavity model;
coupling and connecting the sound cavity model with the subsystems of the vehicle body model to obtain a sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model;
step four, applying excitation to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model, and obtaining the noise of the target point in the vehicle under different working conditions through the simulation model;
fifthly, carrying out acoustic response analysis according to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model to obtain noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to a target point under different working conditions;
sixthly, finding out a key subsystem influencing the noise sound pressure according to the noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to a target point;
seventhly, performing structural optimization on the key subsystem;
and step eight, returning the optimized vehicle body model to the step four again until the noise sound pressures of the target points in the step four under different excitations and different working conditions are below a preset threshold value, so that the optimized vehicle body model has better performance.
Preferably, the subsystems of the vehicle body model comprise a bottom plate subsystem, a side wall plate subsystem, a top plate subsystem, a vehicle door subsystem, a vehicle window subsystem, an end wall subsystem, a windshield subsystem, a tire subsystem and the like, wherein the subsystems are connected, and the subsystems jointly form the complete vehicle body model.
Preferably, in step four, the working conditions include vehicle running speed and road flatness, and are used for simulating the noise condition in the vehicle under different running conditions.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the target points are respectively arranged at each seat of the vehicle, so that the position of the user in the vehicle has less noise influence, and the comfort level of the user is improved.
Preferably, in step four, the dominant noise stimulus of the vehicle is acquired as the input stimulus for the simulation model. The main noise excitation sources include vibration and noise generated by engine vibration, friction between tires and a road surface, and the like, and the noise inside the automobile is caused.
Preferably, in step four, the applied stimulus is within a predetermined range, consistent with the stimulus to which the vehicle is subjected during everyday use of the vehicle.
Preferably, the method for determining the key subsystems influencing the noise sound pressure in the step six comprises the following steps:
determining the subsystem generating the most sound pressure contribution amount as a key subsystem;
or setting a highest threshold value for the contribution amount of each subsystem, and determining that the subsystem is a key subsystem if the sound pressure contribution amount generated by the subsystem exceeds the set highest threshold value.
Preferably, in the step eight, the preset threshold is set according to the comfort level of the human body, and when the noise does not affect the comfort level of the human body, it indicates that the automobile has better performance.
Preferably, the main parameters of each subsystem include a coupling loss factor and an internal loss factor, and the energy loss of the system and the loss of energy transfer between the subsystems are measured through the two parameters, so that the loss serves as the basis for model establishment.
An FE-SEA hybrid method-based acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization system comprises:
the system comprises a body model building module, a body model generating module and a body model generating module, wherein the body model building module is used for building a body model based on an FE-SEA (FE-SEA hybrid method and consists of subsystems;
the acoustic cavity model building module is used for building an acoustic cavity model;
the vehicle simulation model establishing module is used for coupling and connecting the sound cavity model and the subsystem of the vehicle body model to obtain a sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model;
the target point noise acquisition module is used for applying excitation to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model and obtaining the noise of target points in the vehicle under different working conditions through the simulation model;
the noise sound pressure contribution acquisition module is used for carrying out acoustic response analysis according to the acoustic-solid coupling vehicle simulation model to obtain the noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to a target point under different working conditions;
the key subsystem determining module is used for finding out a key subsystem influencing the noise sound pressure in the subsystems according to the noise sound pressure contribution amount of the subsystems to a target point;
the key subsystem optimization module is used for carrying out structural optimization on the key subsystem;
and the threshold judgment module is used for returning the optimized vehicle body model to the target point noise acquisition module again until the noise sound pressure of the target point under different excitations and different working conditions is below a preset threshold.
A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implementing the steps of a FE-SEA hybrid based acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method as defined in any one of the preceding claims.
The technical scheme shows that the invention provides a method, a system and a storage medium for optimizing the noise of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on an FE-SEA hybrid method, and compared with the prior art, the method, the system and the storage medium have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method uses the FE-SEA hybrid method for modeling, gives consideration to the simulation advantages of a finite element method in a local rigid structure, can well solve the energy transfer problem of a subsystem, simultaneously absorbs the long term of a statistical energy method in the dynamic response analysis of a flexible structure in a dense mode, can accurately model an automobile model, and covers low, medium and high frequency and other frequency domains.
(2) According to the invention, the key subsystems generating the key contribution amount are subjected to targeted structure improvement through the noise sound pressure contribution amount of each subsystem of the automobile to the target point under different working conditions and different excitations until the noise of each target point is below a preset threshold value, which indicates that the noise optimization is finished.
(3) The invention establishes the automobile sound-solid coupling system by using the FE-SEA hybrid method, improves the automobile performance in the automobile production process and radically improves the overall performance of the automobile. Meanwhile, the improvement of the automobile performance in the traditional method needs continuous production-test-production and the like, the development cost is high, the period is long, the noise performance of the automobile can be simply and conveniently optimized, the automobile performance is improved, and the research and development efficiency can be improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a noise optimization method of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on an FE-SEA hybrid method, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a vehicle body model based on an FE-SEA hybrid method, wherein the vehicle body model is composed of a plurality of subsystems. The vehicle body structure is composed of a body in white and accessory parts thereof, such as a vehicle door, a vehicle window and the like, therefore, in the first step, a complete model of the vehicle body of the vehicle needs to be established, subsystems of the vehicle body model comprise a bottom plate subsystem, a side wall plate subsystem, a top plate subsystem, a vehicle door subsystem, a vehicle window subsystem, an end wall subsystem, a windshield subsystem, a tire subsystem, an engine subsystem and the like, wherein all the subsystems are connected, and the multiple subsystems jointly form the complete vehicle body model. The main parameters of each subsystem comprise a coupling loss factor and an internal loss factor, and the energy loss of the system and the loss of energy transfer among the subsystems are measured through the two parameters and used as the basis of model establishment.
And step two, establishing a sound cavity model, wherein the sound cavity in the vehicle is a closed internal air cavity surrounded by a vehicle body structure.
Specifically, the model can be modeled by using CAD, and a complete automobile sound-solid coupling system is formed. In the modeling process, parts which have small influence on the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle body should be removed, and further, connection structures such as bolts and the like need to be processed, the structures can be simplified into rigid connection, and the real rigidity of the connection structures can also be simulated through an elastic unit. Furthermore, the model is also gridded. When the grids are divided, the grids of the interface of the sound cavity in the vehicle and the vehicle body structure are matched in a one-to-one mode, so that the subsequent sound-solid coupling can be realized conveniently.
And step three, coupling and connecting the sound cavity model with the subsystems of the vehicle body model to obtain a sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model.
Step four, applying excitation to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model, and obtaining the noise of the target point in the vehicle under different working conditions through the simulation model; the working conditions comprise the vehicle running speed and the road surface evenness and are used for simulating the noise conditions in the vehicle under different running conditions, wherein the maximum running speed of the vehicle is not more than 120 km/h, and the road surface evenness index IRI can be set to be 2.5-4.5. The target points are preferably arranged at each seat of the vehicle, preferably beside the ears of the driver and the co-driver, respectively, so that the position of the user in the automobile has less noise influence, and the comfort of the user is improved.
Further, a main noise excitation source of the vehicle is obtained and used as input excitation of the simulation model. The main noise excitation sources include engine vibration, vibration and noise generated by friction between tires and the road surface, and the like, such as road noise, tire noise, wind noise, engine noise, and the like, and further cause noise inside the automobile. The applied excitation should be within a predetermined range consistent with the excitation experienced by the vehicle during routine use of the vehicle.
And fifthly, carrying out acoustic response analysis according to the acoustic-solid coupling vehicle simulation model to obtain the noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to the target point under different working conditions.
And step six, finding out key subsystems influencing the noise sound pressure according to the contribution of each subsystem to the noise sound pressure of a target point.
And seventhly, performing structural optimization on the key subsystem. For example, when the key subsystem generating the key sound pressure contribution amount is a tire subsystem, the main purpose is to reduce road noise and tire noise, the vibration reduction plate, the sound absorption pad and the door sealing strip can be used for carrying out comprehensive construction on the fender plate, the vehicle floor and the vehicle door, the road noise generation is improved from three sources of shock absorption, sound absorption and sound insulation, and sound insulation materials are additionally arranged on the vehicle door, the fender and the like, so that the noise reduction effect is achieved. When the key subsystem is a car door subsystem, the main purpose is to reduce wind noise, and a silencing material, a vibration damping material and a sound absorbing material can be installed, wherein the silencing material is pasted in the door, a sound reflecting material is pasted on the door, the silencing material is fully pasted on the inner lining plate, and meanwhile, a sealing material is pasted on the periphery of the loudspeaker and the fixing plate. When the key subsystem is an engine, a silencing material, a vibration damping material and a sound absorbing material can be mounted, the silencing material is pasted in the door, a sound reflecting material is pasted on the door and fully pasted on the inner lining plate, and meanwhile, a sealing material is pasted on the periphery of the loudspeaker and the fixing plate.
In one embodiment, the critical subsystem may be the subsystem that produces the most sound pressure contribution.
In another embodiment, the determination may be performed by means of threshold comparison, a lowest threshold and a highest threshold are set for the contribution amount of each subsystem, and when the contribution amount of the sound pressure generated by a certain subsystem exceeds the set highest threshold, the subsystem is structurally optimized. The number of the key subsystems is not limited, and the number of the key subsystems can be one or more.
And step eight, returning the optimized vehicle body model to the step four again until the noise sound pressures of the target points in the step four under different excitations and different working conditions are below a preset threshold value, so that the optimized vehicle body model has better performance. The preset threshold is set according to the comfort level of the human body, and when the noise does not have great influence on the comfort level of the human body, the automobile has better performance. The method is ended when the noise sound pressure of the target point is below a preset threshold.
In another embodiment, the optimization may also be ended when the sound pressure contribution amount of each subsystem reaches a range between the highest threshold and the lowest threshold of each subsystem. If the sound pressure contribution of the subsystem is lower than the minimum threshold value, the automobile model has better noise reduction performance.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a noise optimization system of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on an FE-SEA hybrid method, as shown in fig. 2, specifically including:
the system comprises a body model building module, a body model generating module and a body model generating module, wherein the body model building module is used for building a body model based on an FE-SEA (FE-SEA hybrid method and consists of subsystems;
the acoustic cavity model building module is used for building an acoustic cavity model;
the vehicle simulation model establishing module is used for coupling and connecting the sound cavity model and the subsystem of the vehicle body model to obtain a sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model;
the target point noise acquisition module is used for applying excitation to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model and obtaining the noise of target points in the vehicle under different working conditions through the simulation model;
the noise sound pressure contribution acquisition module is used for carrying out acoustic response analysis according to the acoustic-solid coupling vehicle simulation model to obtain the noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to a target point under different working conditions;
the key subsystem determining module is used for finding out a key subsystem influencing the noise sound pressure in the subsystems according to the noise sound pressure contribution amount of the subsystems to a target point;
the key subsystem optimization module is used for carrying out structural optimization on the key subsystem;
and the threshold judgment module is used for returning the optimized vehicle body model to the target point noise acquisition module again until the noise sound pressure of the target point under different excitations and different working conditions is below a preset threshold.
The system and the method of the present invention are related to each other, and for details of each module of the system, reference is made to the method section, and details are not repeated in this embodiment.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for optimizing noise of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on an FE-SEA hybrid method according to any one of the above embodiments is implemented.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A noise optimization method of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on an FE-SEA hybrid method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, establishing a vehicle body model based on an FE-SEA hybrid method, wherein the vehicle body model consists of subsystems;
step two, establishing an acoustic cavity model;
coupling and connecting the sound cavity model with the subsystems of the vehicle body model to obtain a sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model;
step four, applying excitation to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model, and obtaining the noise of the target point in the vehicle under different working conditions through the simulation model;
fifthly, carrying out acoustic response analysis according to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model to obtain noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to a target point under different working conditions;
finding out a key subsystem influencing the noise sound pressure in the subsystems according to the contribution of the subsystems to the noise sound pressure of a target point;
seventhly, performing structural optimization on the key subsystem;
and step eight, returning the optimized vehicle body model to the step four again until the noise sound pressures of the target points in the step four under different excitation and different working conditions are below a preset threshold value.
2. The FE-SEA hybrid-based acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method according to claim 1, wherein in step four, the working conditions comprise vehicle running speed and road flatness.
3. The FE-SEA hybrid-based acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method of claim 1, wherein in step four, the main vibration excitation source and the noise excitation source of the vehicle are obtained as input excitation of the simulation model.
4. The FE-SEA hybrid-based acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method of claim 1, wherein in step four, the applied excitation is within a preset range.
5. The FE-SEA hybrid-based acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method for determining the key subsystems influencing the noise sound pressure in the sixth step comprises the following steps:
determining the subsystem generating the most sound pressure contribution amount as a key subsystem;
or setting a highest threshold value for the contribution amount of each subsystem, and determining that the subsystem is a key subsystem if the sound pressure contribution amount generated by the subsystem exceeds the set highest threshold value.
6. The FE-SEA hybrid-based acoustic-solid coupling system noise optimization method of claim 1, wherein in step eight, the preset threshold is set according to human comfort.
7. The FE-SEA hybrid-based acoustic-solid coupled system noise optimization method of claim 1, wherein the main parameters of each subsystem include a coupling loss factor and an internal loss factor.
8. An FE-SEA hybrid method-based acoustic-solid coupled system noise optimization system, comprising:
the system comprises a body model building module, a body model generating module and a body model generating module, wherein the body model building module is used for building a body model based on an FE-SEA (FE-SEA hybrid method and consists of subsystems;
the acoustic cavity model building module is used for building an acoustic cavity model;
the vehicle simulation model establishing module is used for coupling and connecting the sound cavity model and the subsystem of the vehicle body model to obtain a sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model;
the target point noise acquisition module is used for applying excitation to the sound-solid coupling vehicle simulation model and obtaining the noise of target points in the vehicle under different working conditions through the simulation model;
the noise sound pressure contribution acquisition module is used for carrying out acoustic response analysis according to the acoustic-solid coupling vehicle simulation model to obtain the noise sound pressure contribution of each subsystem to a target point under different working conditions;
the key subsystem determining module is used for finding out a key subsystem influencing the noise sound pressure in the subsystems according to the noise sound pressure contribution amount of the subsystems to a target point;
the key subsystem optimization module is used for carrying out structural optimization on the key subsystem;
and the threshold judgment module is used for returning the optimized vehicle body model to the target point noise acquisition module again until the noise sound pressure of the target point under different excitations and different working conditions is below a preset threshold.
9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that the computer storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for noise optimization of an acoustic-solid coupling system based on the FE-SEA hybrid method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| Title |
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| 罗文俊: "列车荷载作用下U型梁振动与结构噪声分析" * |
| 罗文俊: "基于FE-SEA混合法的车内结构噪声预测分析" * |
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