CN113688500A - Universal calculation method for grouting amount of tunnel tunneling equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Universal calculation method for grouting amount of tunnel tunneling equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a generalized calculation method for the slurry spraying amount of tunnel tunneling equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) scanning the tunnel free face to obtain tunnel contour point cloud data; 2) acquiring a tunnel axis point coordinate matrix according to a tunnel pile number acquired in advance and a corresponding tunnel axis point coordinate; 3) for each tunnel axis point, dividing tunnel contour point cloud data on a plane where a corresponding tunnel section is located into a plurality of curved surface units; 4) extracting the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated on each tunnel section, and calculating the grout spraying amount to be calculated of the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated on each tunnel section according to the tunnel axis point coordinates of each tunnel section and the point cloud data of the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated and which correspond to the tunnel axis point coordinates; and finally, accurately calculating the grouting amount of the tunnel profile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a generalized calculation method for the slurry injection amount of tunneling equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction.
Background
In the existing tunnel excavation construction method, no matter TBM (construction method for tunneling a tunnel in a rock stratum by using a rock tunnel) or mechanical excavation by a drilling and blasting method, primary support has important significance for ensuring the stability of surrounding rocks and ensuring the safety of personnel and tunnel excavation equipment. The existing guniting quantity calculation method depends on human experience judgment, and the difference of guniting quantities of tunnel outlines under different surrounding rock conditions is large. Even under the same surrounding rock condition, the overexcavation amount or underexcavation amount of the tunnel outline at different areas is different under the influence of disturbance of starting excavation of tunnel excavation equipment and development condition of local cracks of a rock wall. Therefore, the actual tunnel profile guniting amount is also different. If the actual tunnel guniting amount is too much, the construction cost and the construction period are increased, so that the resource is greatly wasted; if the actual tunnel guniting amount does not meet the requirement of rock wall primary support, rock wall collapse, engineering equipment damage and casualties are easily induced. Therefore, accurately acquiring the tunnel contour grouting amount is of great importance for reducing the construction cost and improving the stability of the tunnel rock wall primary support.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a generalized calculation method for the grouting amount of tunnel tunneling equipment and a storage medium, which are used for solving the problems that the existing calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunnel tunneling equipment depends on artificial experience estimation and the grouting amount of tunnel profiles in different areas is difficult to calculate accurately.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for calculating the guniting quantity of tunneling equipment, which comprises the following steps:
1) scanning the tunnel free face to obtain tunnel contour point cloud data;
2) acquiring a tunnel axis point coordinate matrix according to a tunnel pile number acquired in advance and a corresponding tunnel axis point coordinate;
3) for each tunnel axis point, dividing tunnel contour point cloud data on a plane where a corresponding tunnel section is located into a plurality of curved surface units;
4) extracting the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated on each tunnel section, and calculating the grout spraying amount to be calculated of the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated on each tunnel section according to the tunnel axis point coordinates of each tunnel section and the point cloud data of the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated and which correspond to the tunnel axis point coordinates; and accumulating and summing the to-be-sprayed amount of the curved surface unit of the tunnel section corresponding to each tunnel axis point, of which the to-be-calculated sprayed amount is obtained, along the direction of the tunnel axis, so as to obtain the tunnel sprayed amount of the unit tunnel length.
The invention provides an automatic and accurate calculation method for the grouting amount of tunnel tunneling equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional point cloud data of the tunnel profile of the primary support section, and performing noise reduction treatment; acquiring a tunnel axis equation and an axis coordinate matrix between two adjacent pile numbers according to the tunnel pile numbers and the corresponding axis point coordinates; dividing the point cloud data of the tunnel contour of the preprocessed primary support section into N curved surface units along the axis direction of the tunnel; and calculating the spraying amount of the mass center points of the curved surface units one by one along the axis direction of the tunnel according to the point cloud data of the tunnel contour of the primary support section after the thinning and the axis coordinate matrix C. The method can realize accurate calculation of the grouting amount of the tunnel profile, has high calculation efficiency, and is suitable for TBM method construction equipment and drilling and blasting method tunnel mechanized construction equipment.
Further, in the step 3), the tunnel contour point cloud data is also subjected to sparsification, centroid point data of the curved surface unit is obtained, and the centroid point data of the curved surface unit represents the point cloud data of the curved surface unit.
The method performs sparsification processing on the point cloud data of the tunnel contour, and represents the point cloud data of the curved surface unit by the centroid point of the curved surface unit, thereby reducing the calculation cost of the subsequent slurry spraying amount.
Further, a voxel down-sampling method is adopted to carry out sparse processing on the tunnel contour point cloud data.
Further, in the step 4), the method for extracting the curved surface unit of each tunnel section, of which the slurry spraying amount is to be calculated, is that the curved surface unit corresponding to the centroid point data within the set range from the corresponding tunnel axis point on the plane where the tunnel section is located is the curved surface unit of the tunnel section, of which the slurry spraying amount is to be calculated.
Further, the set range is a circular range taking a tunnel axis point on the tunnel section as a circle center and the extraction radius of the tunnel section as a radius; the extraction radius of the tunnel section is two times larger than the design radius of the tunnel.
And (3) extracting a mass center point data curved surface unit in the range of a circle, wherein the plane of the tunnel section is located on the circle center of the circle, the length of the circle is twice the design radius of the tunnel, and the circle radius is the radius, so that the accurate calculation of the grouting amount is ensured.
Further, the calculation method of the amount of the slurry to be sprayed of each section unit comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the guniting amount of the ith curve unit of the tunnel section where the kth tunnel axis point is located,
is the kth tunnel axis point coordinate,
is the barycenter point coordinate, L, of the ith curve surface unit of the tunnel section where the kth tunnel axis point is located2The area of the curved surface unit, and R is the design radius of the tunnel.
Further, in the step 1), noise reduction processing is carried out on the point cloud data of the tunnel contour, and noise data outside the tunnel filtering contour are eliminated.
Furthermore, the lower limit of the tunnel filtering profile is 0.5-0.9 times of the design radius of the tunnel, and the upper limit of the tunnel filtering profile is 1.1-1.5 times of the design radius of the tunnel.
Further, in the step 2), a linear interpolation method is adopted to obtain a tunnel axis point coordinate matrix.
The computer storage medium stores a computer program for implementing the generalized calculation method for the slurry injection amount of the tunneling equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a calculation method of the guniting quantity of tunnel boring equipment according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a visualization effect of an automatic calculation result of the amount of slurry sprayed by the tunneling equipment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, a universal automatic calculation method for the slurry spraying amount of tunneling equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, scanning the tunnel contour after primary support (supporting, reinforcing and protecting measures adopted for the side wall of the tunnel and the surrounding environment) through a laser scanner to obtain original laser point cloud data, performing point cloud data noise reduction processing on the laser point cloud data, and removing point cloud data outside the tunnel contour;
s1.1, scanning the tunnel contour after primary support by using a laser scanner to obtain original three-dimensional point cloud data comprising X/Y/Z/Intensity data;
s1.2, calculating the point cloud filtering radius according to the pre-designed tunnel radius R and the filtering scale factors alpha and beta: r1＝α·R、R2Wherein R is1To a small scale filter radius, R2The radius of the large-scale filter is alpha, the small-scale filter factor is usually 0.5-0.9, and the beta is the large-scale filter factor is usually 1.1-1.5. If the tunnel point cloud data is in the small-scale filtering radius R1Large scale filter radius R2Original point cloud data are reserved; otherwise, rejecting non-target point cloud data (noise) outside the tunnel contour, and acquiring the noise-reduced tunnel contour point cloud data.
S2, according to the tunnel pile number and the corresponding axle center point coordinate (x) obtained in advanceaxis1，yaxis1，zaxis1)、(xaxis2，yaxis2，zaxis2) Performing linear interpolation fitting between two adjacent tunnel axis points corresponding to two adjacent pile numbers to obtain the distance between two adjacent pile numbersA tunnel axis equation and an axis coordinate matrix are formed;
s2.1, according to the coordinates (x) of the corresponding tunnel axial center points of the adjacent tunnel pilesstartpoint，ystartpoint，zstartpoint)、(xendpoint，yendpoint，zendpoint) And calculating the coordinate increment of the axial center point coordinates of the adjacent tunnels in the X-axis/Y-axis/Z-axis directions:
Δx＝xendpoint-xstartpoint
Δy＝yendpoint-ystartpoint
Δz＝zendpoint-zstartpoint
s2.2, acquiring a tunnel axis equation between two adjacent tunnel piles according to the coordinates of the tunnel axis point and the coordinate increment thereof:
wherein (x, y, z) is two adjacent axial center points (x)startpoint，ystartpoint，zstartpoint)、(xendpoint，yendpoint，zendpoint) Coordinates of linear interpolation points in between.
S2.3, setting the interval d of linear interpolation pointsspacingCalculating the coordinates of the axis points according to the equation of the tunnel axis in the step S2.2
Acquiring a tunnel axis coordinate matrix between two adjacent tunnel piles
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the axis point coordinates of the kth linear interpolation point between two adjacent tunnel axis points are obtained, and m is the number of the axis points between two adjacent tunnel axis points after linear interpolation fitting.
And S3, after the point cloud data of the tunnel contour of the preliminary bracing section is preprocessed, dividing the point cloud data of the tunnel contour into N curved surface units on the plane of the tunnel section corresponding to each interpolated tunnel axis point along the radial line direction of the tunnel. The invention adopts a voxel down-sampling method to carry out sparsification processing on the point cloud data of the tunnel contour of the preliminary bracing section after pretreatment, the voxel down-sampling method is to create a voxel grid through the input point cloud data, then in each voxel, the centroid of all points in the voxel is used for approximately representing other points in the voxel, and thus all points in the system are finally represented by one centroid point. And after processing, acquiring a mass center point data set of the inner curved surface unit of the tunnel contour after sparsification, and representing the point cloud data of the curved surface unit by using the mass center point of the curved surface unit, thereby reducing the calculation work of the subsequent slurry spraying amount. Wherein, the parameter leaf size L in the voxel down-sampling method represents the size of each surface unit, and usually the leaf size is set to 35 cm.
S4, calculating the spraying amount of the curved surface unit mass center point one by one along the tunnel axis direction according to the tunnel contour point cloud data of the thinned primary support section and the tunnel axis coordinate matrix C, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s4.1, according to the radius R of the section of the tunnel excavated by the actual tunnel3Extracting the coordinates of the axis points in the tunnel axis coordinate matrix C, extracting the data of the curved surface unit mass center point of the tunnel section corresponding to the axis points, and if the point cloud data of the tunnel contour point of the primary support section after the thinning is in the position R taking the coordinates of the axis points as the circle center3On the radius circular surface, the data of the center of mass point of the curved surface unit of the tunnel section corresponding to the axis point is regarded as R32R; the method has the significance that the extracted point cloud data of the center of mass point is based on twice of the design radius R of the tunnel, and all curve surface units concerned by the guniting on the cross section of the tunnel can be brought into calculation.
S4.2, calculating the guniting amount of each curved surface unit according to the coordinates of the axis points of the tunnel and the data of the curved surface unit mass center point corresponding to the tunnel section:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the guniting amount of the ith curve unit of the tunnel section where the kth axis point is located,
is the coordinates of the k-th axis point,
is the barycenter point coordinate of the ith curve unit of the tunnel section where the kth axis point is located, L2And R is the design radius of the tunnel and is the area of the curved surface unit represented by the centroid point of each curved surface unit.
S4.3, as shown in the figure 2, accumulating and summing the to-be-gunited quantities of the curved surface units along the axial direction of the tunnel to obtain the guniting quantity Volume of the profile of the primary support section tunnel between two adjacent tunnel pile numbers:
in the formula, m is the number of axis points between two adjacent tunnel axis points after linear interpolation, nkDividing the number of curved surface units of the tunnel section where the kth axis point is located, and meeting the requirements
Computer storage media embodiments
And the computer storage medium stores a program of the tunnel tunneling equipment guniting amount calculation method, and the program of the tunnel tunneling equipment guniting amount calculation method is executed by at least one processor to realize calculation of the tunnel tunneling equipment guniting amount. The method for calculating the guniting quantity of the tunneling equipment is sufficiently clear in the method embodiment, and the detailed description of the embodiment is omitted.
The media referred to in this embodiment is programmable data processing apparatus having stored thereon computer program instructions. For example, the device can be a single chip microcomputer or an industrial personal computer, and/or other independent memories and internal memories. The media described above may also be one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Claims (10)
1. A generalized calculation method for the slurry spraying amount of tunneling equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) scanning the tunnel free face to obtain tunnel contour point cloud data;
2) acquiring a tunnel axis point coordinate matrix according to a tunnel pile number acquired in advance and a corresponding tunnel axis point coordinate;
3) for each tunnel axis point, dividing tunnel contour point cloud data on a plane where a corresponding tunnel section is located into a plurality of curved surface units;
4) extracting the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated on each tunnel section, and calculating the grout spraying amount to be calculated of the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated on each tunnel section according to the tunnel axis point coordinates of each tunnel section and the point cloud data of the curved surface units of which the grout spraying amount is to be calculated and which correspond to the tunnel axis point coordinates; and accumulating and summing the to-be-sprayed amount of the curved surface unit of the tunnel section corresponding to each tunnel axis point, of which the to-be-calculated sprayed amount is obtained, along the direction of the tunnel axis, so as to obtain the tunnel sprayed amount of the unit tunnel length.
2. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the point cloud data of the tunnel contour is also subjected to sparsification to obtain the point cloud data of the curved surface unit, and the point cloud data of the curved surface unit is represented by the point cloud data of the curved surface unit.
3. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that a voxel down-sampling method is adopted to carry out sparse processing on tunnel contour point cloud data.
4. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the method for extracting the curved surface unit of each tunnel section, of which the grouting amount is to be calculated, is that the curved surface unit of each tunnel section, corresponding to the centroid point data within the set range from the corresponding tunnel axis point, is the curved surface unit of each tunnel section, of which the grouting amount is to be calculated.
5. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 4, wherein the set range is a circular range with a tunnel axis point on the tunnel section as a center and a tunnel section extraction radius as a radius; the extraction radius of the tunnel section is larger than the design radius of the tunnel.
6. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 5, wherein the calculation method for the grouting amount to be sprayed of each section unit comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the guniting amount of the ith curve unit of the tunnel section where the kth tunnel axis point is located,
is the kth tunnel axis point coordinate,
is the barycenter point coordinate, L, of the ith curve surface unit of the tunnel section where the kth tunnel axis point is located2The area of the curved surface unit, and R is the design radius of the tunnel.
7. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 3 or 6, wherein in the step 1), noise reduction processing is performed on the point cloud data of the tunnel contour, and noise data except the filtering contour of the tunnel is removed.
8. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 7, wherein the lower limit of the tunnel filter profile is 0.5-0.9 times of the design radius of the tunnel, and the upper limit of the tunnel filter profile is 1.1-1.5 times of the design radius of the tunnel.
9. The universal calculation method for the grouting amount of the tunneling equipment according to claim 8, wherein in the step 2), a coordinate matrix of a tunnel axis point is obtained by adopting a linear interpolation method.
10. A computer storage medium storing a computer program for implementing the method of universally calculating the amount of grout sprayed from tunneling equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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