CN113687425B - Electric prospecting method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrical prospecting method. The method comprises the following steps: determining a coordinate range of a survey area and arranging a corresponding power supply electrode in at least one preset coordinate point in the survey area, and the power supply electrode is connected to a power supply device. The coordinates of each measurement point are determined, and at each measurement point at least two groups of measurement electrodes are used to obtain the electrode potential difference of each group of measurement electrodes through an electric field measuring instrument, and each group of measurement electrodes consists of two measurement electrode units with a preset distance. The connection lines of the two measurement electrode units of each group of measurement electrodes all intersect at the corresponding measurement points, each group of measurement electrodes is connected to the electric field measuring instrument, and the two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes are connected to each other. They are perpendicular to each other; according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point, the electric field intensity vector information of the corresponding measurement point is obtained. The invention also discloses an electrical prospecting system. The invention aims to enrich exploration data information and improve the efficiency of exploration operations.

Description

Electric prospecting method and system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electrical prospecting, in particular to an electrical prospecting method and system.

Background technique

At present, electrical exploration is based on the differences in the electromagnetic properties (such as electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, dielectric properties) and electrochemical properties of various types of rocks or ore bodies in the crust, through the analysis of artificial or natural electric fields, electromagnetic fields or electrochemical fields. Observation and research of spatial distribution laws and temporal characteristics, and geophysical exploration methods for finding different types of useful deposits, identifying geological structures and solving geological problems.

In the traditional exploration method, it is necessary to set up a survey network in the area to be detected in advance, and select a reasonable power supply position on the ground or underground, supply power to the underground or apply an electromagnetic field, and stimulate the earth and the underground hidden medium structure to respond through the electric field or electromagnetic field. The electric field or electromagnetic field is observed point by point on the electrode or magnet bar on the measuring point. Among them, the measuring network is generally composed of multiple measuring lines, mostly straight lines or segmented straight lines. The measuring lines are composed of measuring points arranged in a line. The line layout operation often encounters weeding, felling shrubs, wading and other conditions of crossing or dealing with obstacles. The measuring points on the survey line must be measured and positioned and marked for a long time, so that the survey network, survey line, and survey point It takes a lot of time and manpower and material resources to arrange the work, which is extremely inconvenient. The prior art CN201610742185.2 provides a geological exploration method based on a two-dimensional charging method, wherein the measurement points of the charging method are arranged in a line direction perpendicular to the power supply electrode AB, and after data collection, the data on a single survey line is analyzed. Analysis is performed to determine the location and direction of the abnormality. The data collection method belongs to a traditional exploration method, and the normal field is extracted from the two-dimensional charging method potential data, and then the corresponding abnormal field data is obtained. It can be seen that the processing The method of potential data cannot accurately obtain the actual geological conditions of the area to be measured. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an exploration method with high exploration efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrical exploration method and system, which aims to solve the technical problems of low operation efficiency and low exploration accuracy of the existing electrical exploration.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrical prospecting method, which comprises the following steps:

Determine the coordinate range of the survey area and arrange a corresponding power supply electrode in at least one preset coordinate point in the survey area, the power supply electrode is connected with a power supply device, and the power supply device is used to supply power to the power supply electrode;

Determine the coordinates of each measurement point, so that the coordinates of each measurement point are located within the coordinate range of the measurement area;

Start the power supply device, and obtain the electrode potential difference of each group of measurement electrodes from at least two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point through an electric field measuring instrument, and each group of measurement electrodes is composed of two measurement electrode units with a preset distance. The connection lines of the two measurement electrode units of the measurement electrodes all intersect at the corresponding measurement points, each group of measurement electrodes is connected to the electric field measuring instrument, and the connection lines of the two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes are perpendicular to each other;

According to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point, the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point is obtained.

Optionally, after the step of obtaining the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point, the step includes:

The electric field intensity vector of each measurement point measured is vector synthesized and displayed graphically on the plane coordinate system;

According to the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point, the relative change direction or amplitude is analyzed, and the conversion display is carried out on the plane coordinate system.

Optionally, the step of analyzing the electric field strength according to the relative change direction or magnitude of the electric field strength vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point includes:

Perform vector synthesis according to the electric field strength vector of each measurement point to obtain the electric field strength vector of each measurement point after the vector synthesis;

According to the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point after the vector synthesis and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point, compare the included angle of the vector and the magnitude of the corresponding electric field intensity;

If the obtained vector angle is greater than 0, confirm that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is abnormal;

If the obtained vector angle is equal to 0 and the difference between the combined electric field strength of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field strength is not equal to 0, it is confirmed that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is abnormal;

If the obtained vector angle is equal to 0 and the difference between the combined electric field strength of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field strength is equal to 0, then confirm that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is normal.

Optionally, when there are two power supply electrodes, the step of performing relative change direction or amplitude analysis according to the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point, further includes:

According to the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point, the vector is decomposed into parallel and vertical sub-vectors of the electric field intensity of each measurement point parallel and perpendicular to the connection direction of the two power supply electrodes;

Compare the electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector of each measurement point with the theoretical electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector obtained by vector decomposition of the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point, so as to determine the electric field corresponding to the measurement point. Is it abnormal.

Optionally, when the power supply electrode is one, the step of performing relative change direction or amplitude analysis according to the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point, further includes:

Vector decomposition is performed according to the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point, and the vector decomposition direction is the radiation direction and the vertical radiation direction of the power supply electrode projected on the ground as the center and passing through each measurement point;

The electric field intensity vector of each measurement point is decomposed according to the radiation direction and the vertical radiation direction to obtain the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector and the vertical radiation direction component vector of each measurement point;

The radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector of the electric field intensity of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity of the corresponding measurement point in the radiation direction or vertical radiation direction vector are decomposed into the theoretical electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation The direction component vectors are compared to determine whether the electric field at the corresponding measurement point is abnormal.

Optionally, the step of comparing the parallel component vector or vertical component vector of the electric field intensity of each measurement point with the theoretical electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector of the theoretical electric field intensity vector corresponding to the measurement point after vector decomposition, comprising: :

Compare the ratio of the intensity value of the parallel component vector or vertical component vector of the electric field intensity at each measurement point to the intensity value of the corresponding parallel component vector or vertical component vector of the theoretical electric field intensity. If the ratio is not 1, confirm the electric field at the corresponding measurement point. abnormal;

Or, compare the difference between the intensity value of the parallel component vector or vertical component vector of the electric field intensity at each measurement point and the intensity value of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector. If the difference is not 0, confirm the corresponding The electric field at the measurement point is abnormal.

Optionally, the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity radiation direction component obtained by decomposing the theoretical electric field intensity of the corresponding measurement point in the radiation direction or vertical radiation direction vector are described. The steps for comparing the vector or vertical radiation direction sub-vector include:

Compare the ratio of the intensity of the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector at each measurement point to the intensity of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector. If the ratio is not 1, then Confirm that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is abnormal;

Or, compare the difference between the intensity of the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector at each measurement point and the intensity of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector. If it is 0, it is confirmed that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is abnormal.

Optionally, the preset interval distances of the two measurement electrode units of each group of measurement electrodes are the same or different; each measurement point is evenly distributed in the measurement area; each measurement point is the center point of each group of measurement electrodes connecting lines; Describe the steps of obtaining the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point, including:

According to the electrode potential difference between the two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point, the preset separation distance of the two measurement electrode units and any real-time power supply current, the corresponding measurement point in the two groups of measurement electrodes is obtained. The electric field strength vector in the direction of the connecting line of each measuring electrode unit.

Optionally, after the step of determining the coordinates of each measurement point so that the coordinates of each measurement point are located within the coordinate range of the measurement area, the method further includes:

Start the power supply device, and measure the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point by at least two magnetic field sensors with each measurement point in the orthogonal direction. When the power supply current of the power supply device is DC, use the static magnetic field sensor to measure, when the When the power supply current is an alternating current, an alternating electromagnetic field measurement sensor such as a magnetic rod or a coil is used;

The electromagnetic field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point is obtained according to the electromagnetic field intensity vector components measured by any orthogonal two magnetic field sensors at each measurement point.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an electrical survey system, the electrical survey system includes: a positioning mechanism, a detection mechanism and a processing mechanism,

The positioning mechanism includes one or more of GPS, RTK (Real-time kinematic, real-time dynamic positioning), and total station, and is used to determine the coordinate range of the survey area, the coordinates of the position where the power supply electrodes are laid, and the survey area. The coordinates of each measurement point within the coordinate range;

The detection mechanism includes at least two groups of measurement electrodes and electric field measuring instruments connected to each group of measurement electrodes, and the detection mechanism is used to measure the electric field through at least two groups of measurement electrodes and electric field sequentially according to the coordinates of each measurement point provided by the positioning mechanism. The instrument obtains the electrode potential difference of each group of measuring electrodes and obtains the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measuring electrodes at each measuring point. Each group of measuring electrodes is composed of two measuring electrode units with a preset distance. , the connection lines of the two measurement electrode units of each group of measurement electrodes all intersect at the corresponding measurement points, each group of measurement electrodes is connected to the electric field measuring instrument, and the two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes are connected to each other. vertical;

The processing mechanism is configured to receive the electric field strength vector of the measurement point transmitted by the detection mechanism, perform vector synthesis of the measured electric field strength vector of each measurement point and display it graphically on the plane coordinate system, and perform a graphic display according to the electric field strength vector of each measurement point. The relative change direction or magnitude of the electric field strength vector and the theoretical electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point are analyzed, and the conversion display is performed on the plane coordinate system.

An electrical prospecting method proposed by the embodiment of the present invention determines the coordinate range of the measuring area, the coordinates of the position where the power supply electrodes are arranged, and the coordinates of each measuring point within the coordinate range of the measuring area, and then passes through at least two groups of measuring points in sequence at each measuring point. The measuring electrode and electric field measuring instrument obtain the electrode potential difference of each group of measuring electrodes, and then obtain the electric field strength vector of the corresponding measuring point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measuring electrodes at each measuring point. This electrical exploration method simplifies the traditional operation exploration. This mode enriches exploration data information and improves the efficiency of exploration operations.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of the first embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working arrangement simulation of the method for measuring the vector electric field of the electrical exploration surface of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of vector observation, synthesis, and decomposition of the surface electric field in geographic east-west-north-south plane coordinates according to an embodiment of the electrical exploration method of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a top view of synthesis and decomposition of vector electric field measurement results on the surface plane according to an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

5 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the result of vector synthesis of the electric field vector of the surface orthogonal measurement according to an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the vector plane schematic diagram of the power supply electric field after adopting the background electric field elimination mode in Fig. 6;

8 is a schematic flowchart of the refinement step S600 of performing measurement point analysis by vector synthesis according to an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of the measured electric field vector diagram and the electric field amplitude contour line of an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

10 is a schematic diagram of a vector diagram and an electric field amplitude contour line after eliminating the background electric field according to an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

11 is a schematic flowchart of the refinement step S600 of performing measurement point analysis by vector decomposition when there are two power supply electrodes according to an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

12 is a schematic flowchart of the refinement step S600 of performing measurement point analysis by vector decomposition when there is one power supply electrode according to an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of the logical structure of the electrical prospecting system of the present invention.

The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed ways

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Due to the existing technology, it is necessary to set up a measuring network in the area to be detected in advance, and select a reasonable power supply position on the ground or underground, supply power to the underground or apply an electromagnetic field, and stimulate the ground and underground hidden medium structures to respond through the electric field or electromagnetic field. The electrode or magnet bar on the point conducts point-by-point observation of electric field or electromagnetic field. Among them, the measurement network is generally composed of multiple measurement lines, mostly straight lines or segmented lines. The measurement lines are composed of linearly arranged measurement points, so the measurement lines are arranged. The operation often encounters weeding, cutting shrubs, wading and other conditions of crossing or dealing with obstacles. The measuring points on the survey line must be measured and positioned and marked for a long time, so that the survey network, survey line and survey point layout work It takes a lot of time and manpower and material resources, which is extremely inconvenient.

The present invention provides a solution, by determining the coordinate range of the measuring area, the coordinates of the position where the power supply electrodes are arranged, and the coordinates of each measuring point within the coordinate range of the measuring area, and the coordinates of each measuring point are sequentially passed through at least two groups of The measuring electrode and electric field measuring instrument obtain the electrode potential difference of each group of measuring electrodes, and then obtain the electric field strength vector information of the corresponding measuring point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measuring electrodes at each measuring point. This electrical exploration method simplifies the traditional operation. The exploration mode enriches exploration data and information and improves the efficiency of exploration operations.

1 , a first embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical prospecting method, which includes the following steps:

Step S100: Determine the coordinate range of the survey area and arrange a corresponding power supply electrode in at least one preset coordinate point in the survey area, and the power supply electrode is connected to a power supply device, and the power supply device is used to supply power to the power supply electrode .

In this embodiment, the range of the survey area to be measured is determined in advance, and then the coordinate range of the survey area is determined, and the position of the power supply point is selected in the survey area, and the position of the power supply point may be one, two or more. When laying the power supply electrodes A and B, as shown in Figure 2, measure their coordinates A(x1, y1, z1), B(x2, y2, z2), where A supplies positive electricity and B supplies negative electricity. The power supply electrodes A and B are respectively connected to the power supply device, and the power supply device is used to supply power to the power supply electrodes A and B; or when the power supply electrode C is arranged at the power supply point, the electrode D is kept away from the measurement area, and the distance from C is generally It is more than 3 times the radius of the survey area to form an infinite electrode structure for electrical exploration, and the power supply electrodes C and D are connected to the power supply device. Wherein, two power supply electrodes A, B or C, D are arranged to a specified depth on the surface or by drilling holes, and their geographical coordinates are recorded. In addition, two or more power supply electrodes are also arranged in the same way.

Step S200: Determine the coordinates of each measurement point, so that the coordinates of each measurement point are located within the coordinate range of the measurement area.

In this embodiment, after the coordinate range of the survey area is determined, GPS navigation is used to determine that the measurement point O (x, y, z) (as shown in Figure 2) is within the coordinate range of the survey area, that is, between the selected measurement point and the opposite The measurement points are measured at the same time; or by pre-determining the coordinates of each measurement point in the measurement area, in the actual measurement process, the electric field measurement instrument equipped with GPS navigation fixed-point measurement instrument can move freely in the measurement area according to the pre-determined coordinates. , and display the path and position of the measurement point in real time under the assisted navigation of GPS, in which the GPS can also be replaced with one or more of RTK and total station to measure and confirm the position of the measurement point. The measurement points of are preferably uniformly distributed.

Step S300, start the power supply device, and obtain the electrode potential difference of each group of measurement electrodes from at least two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point through an electric field measuring instrument, and each group of measurement electrodes is composed of two measurement electrode units with a preset interval distance , the connection lines of the two measurement electrode units of each group of measurement electrodes all intersect at the corresponding measurement points, each group of measurement electrodes is connected to the electric field measuring instrument, and the two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes are connected to each other. vertical;

In this embodiment, after the power supply electrode is connected to the power supply device, the power supply is started, the power supply current I is measured and recorded in real time, and the measurement is performed according to the selected measurement points in turn. The distances between the measurement electrode units can be set to be the same or different, and the connection lines of the two measurement electrode units of each group of measurement electrodes intersect at the corresponding measurement points. Preferably, the center point of the connection lines of each group of measurement electrodes is selected as the corresponding measurement point. As shown in Figure 2, the connection lines MN and M'N' of the two measurement electrodes in the figure are orthogonal, but the direction is not necessarily in the north-south or east-west direction, nor is it necessarily on the measurement line parallel to the connection line of the power supply point AB. It can be selected according to the convenient conditions of on-site measurement. The coordinate of the measurement point O is (x, y, z), which is the midpoint of the paired measurement electrodes M, N and electrodes M', N'.

In step S400, the electric field intensity vector corresponding to the measurement point is obtained according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point.

In this embodiment, the electrode potential difference of any two groups of orthogonal measurement electrodes is selected from each measurement point, so as to obtain the electric field intensity vector corresponding to the measurement point in the orthogonal direction. As shown in Figure 3, for the two power supply points A and B, according to the parallelogram rule, the electric field synthesis vector E at the measurement point O is combined into the synthesis result of the measured two orthogonal electric field components E _MN and E _M'N' , the vector It can be decomposed into geographic east-west-north-south direction, such as E north-south and E east-west in the figure. It can also be decomposed into two orthogonal directions parallel and perpendicular to the connection line of the power supply point AB, and can also be decomposed into the radiation direction centered on the projection point of the power supply point on the ground and the direction perpendicular to the radiation line. As shown in Figure 4, for a power supply point C, according to the parallelogram rule, the combined electric field vector E at the measurement point O' is the combined result of any two orthogonal electric field components E _MN and E _M'N' measured on site. It is decomposed into the radiation direction centered on the projection point of the power supply point C on the ground and the direction perpendicular to the radiation line, which are E radiation and E vertical, respectively.

In this embodiment, by determining the coordinate range of the measuring area, the coordinates of the position where the power supply electrodes are arranged, and the coordinates of each measuring point within the coordinate range of the measuring area, and at each measuring point, at least two sets of measuring electrodes and electric field measuring instruments are used to obtain the The electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point in the orthogonal direction is obtained according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point. This electrical exploration method simplifies the traditional operation exploration mode. It enriches exploration data and information and improves the efficiency of exploration operations.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5 , it is a schematic flowchart of the second embodiment of the electrical prospecting method according to the present invention. Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , after step S400 , it further includes:

Step S500, performing vector synthesis on the electric field intensity vectors of the measured measurement points and displaying them graphically on the plane coordinate system;

In this embodiment, when the paired measurement electrodes of a certain measurement point are not on the same horizontal plane, the obtained measurement electric field parameter will include the pitch angle of the electric field strength vector, and then the electric field strength vector corresponding to the measurement point will be subsequently vector synthesized and decomposed The geographic east-west-north-south-vertical three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system will be introduced, and the synthesis and decomposition will be carried out on each plane of the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system according to the parallelogram rule. When the image is displayed on the image, the electric field intensity vector obtained by the original measurement needs to be decomposed in the vertical direction perpendicular to the target plane and the direction parallel to the target plane before the vector synthesis is performed. After the vector decomposition is completed , using the component vectors parallel to the target plane direction to perform vector synthesis on the target plane coordinate system, and the synthesized electric field intensity vector on the target plane coordinate system to display the vector direction and vector size graphically, as shown in Figure 6 For example, taking two power supply points A and B as an example, the electric field intensity vectors of each measurement point in the measurement area are synthesized and displayed on the plane coordinate system; at the same time, different measurement points with the same vector size are displayed. Connections are made to judge the magnitude of the electric field strength at different measurement points.

Step S600, analyze the relative change direction or magnitude according to the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point, and perform conversion display on the plane coordinate system.

In this embodiment, in order to better determine whether there is an abnormality in the electric field of each measurement point in the measurement area, the background electric field of each measurement point is eliminated. Generally, there are three ways to eliminate the background electric field: (1) The ratio between the field measured intensity E on the corresponding direction vector and the theoretically calculated electric field intensity E; if the ratio is not 1, it means that the electric field is abnormal; (2) The field measured intensity E on the corresponding direction vector and the theoretically calculated electric field intensity E The difference, if the difference is not 0, means that the electric field is abnormal; (3) The relative change rate of the field measured intensity E on the corresponding direction vector and the theoretically calculated electric field intensity E, the relative change rate is not 0, that is, the electric field has abnormal. In practical applications, you can choose one or more of them to judge whether each measurement point in the survey area is abnormal, and then convert on the target plane coordinate system according to the corresponding parameters of each measurement point in the eliminated survey area. display, so that the actual geological conditions of the surveying area can be determined according to the conditions of each measuring point.

Among them, the theoretical electric field strength vector is the background electric field strength vector in the measurement area. Specifically, the background electric field is calculated according to the Ohm's law formula: E=ρ·J. The theoretical electric field strength of any measurement point in the measurement area can be calculated and determined. In the formula, E is the theoretically calculated electric field strength vector, J is the current density vector, both of which are in the same direction; ρ is the resistivity of the measured surface medium. Under the uniform full space condition, the current density vector J _(full) , J _(full) =I/(4×pi×R ² ); under the uniform half space condition, the approximate solution of the current density vector J _(half) , J _{(half )} =I/(2×pi×R ² ). R is the radius vector of the power supply point pointing to the measurement point, E, J and R are in the same direction; I is the current intensity of the power supply point; when two electrodes or multiple points are powered, the analytical result is that the electric field vectors of multiple power supply point sources are on the measurement point vector composition. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , it is a vector plan view of the power supply electric field after adopting the background electric field elimination method in (2) in FIG. 6 .

In this embodiment, the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point is obtained by using the electrode measurement mode of any pair of orthogonal directions, and the obtained electric field intensity vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity of the corresponding measurement point are calculated by using the parallelogram rule. Perform vector synthesis or vector decomposition to the electric field strength in the desired direction. For example, the composite vector is decomposed into the geographical positive, east, west, north and south directions for comparison and analysis, the vector is decomposed into the radial and vertical directions centered on the power supply point for abnormal analysis and processing, or the vector is decomposed into parallel and perpendicular to the two power supplies. The analysis is carried out in the direction of the electrode connection, and the parallel component data obtained by the vector decomposition of the measured electric field strength vector is basically equivalent to the electric field measurement result on the traditional survey line. Therefore, the exploration method of the present application also has an additional vertical direction. Therefore, the electric field information of each measurement point obtained by the exploration method in the present application is more abundant, which provides support for the information mining and fine interpretation of the measurement data of each measurement point, and displays the vector of the measurement point through vector synthesis. Direction and vector size, and by eliminating the background electric field, the measurement area corresponding to the abnormal measurement point can be obtained more accurately, and the actual geological situation of the measurement area can be determined according to the actual electric field condition of each measurement point.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8 , it is a schematic flowchart of the refinement step S600 of performing measurement point analysis by vector synthesis according to an embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention, including:

Step 610, performing vector synthesis according to the electric field strength vector of each measurement point to obtain the electric field strength vector of each measurement point after the vector synthesis;

Step 620, according to the electric field intensity vector information of each measurement point after the vector synthesis and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point, compare the vector angle and the magnitude of the corresponding electric field intensity.

In this embodiment, vector synthesis is performed according to the measured electric field strength vectors of each measurement point in the orthogonal direction, and the vector angle and the corresponding electric field strength are compared with the theoretical electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point. Furthermore, when the vector synthesis analysis needs to be performed in this embodiment, the corresponding theoretical electric field strength vector after the vector synthesis is obtained at each measurement point and the electric field strength vector of each measurement point after the vector synthesis of the measurement points is obtained. size comparison.

Step 621, if the obtained vector angle is greater than 0, it is confirmed that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is abnormal.

In this embodiment, when measuring the electric field strength of a measurement point, if the paired measurement electrodes of a certain measurement point are not on the same horizontal plane, the obtained measurement electric field parameter will include the pitch angle of the electric field strength vector. Therefore, in order to avoid such a In the case of vector comparison, it is necessary to decompose the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity vector into the same plane, and if the angle between the obtained vectors is greater than 0, it is considered that the electric field of the measurement point is abnormal and Record the corresponding angle.

Step 622, if the obtained vector angle is equal to 0 and the difference between the combined electric field strength of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field strength is equal to 0, confirm that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is normal and record the corresponding difference.

In this embodiment, it is the same as the comparison method in step S621. If the obtained vector angle is equal to 0, and the magnitude of the vector intensity on the same plane is further compared, if the vector intensity difference is not equal to 0, then confirm the corresponding measurement point The electric field is abnormal and the corresponding difference is recorded.

Step 623 , if the obtained vector included angle is equal to 0 and the magnitude of the electric field intensity vector of each measurement point after synthesis is equal to the theoretical electric field intensity magnitude, it is confirmed that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is normal.

In this embodiment, the comparison method is the same as that in step S621. If the obtained vector angle is equal to 0, and the magnitude of the vector intensity on the same plane is further compared, if the vector intensity difference is equal to 0, the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is confirmed. normal and record the corresponding difference.

Specifically, based on the above-mentioned determination of whether the electric field of each measurement point is normal or not, and based on the difference between the vector angle and the vector difference obtained after the above-mentioned vector synthesis, the corresponding electric field with the same angle and the same difference is normal. The measurement points are connected, and the measurement points with the same angle and/or the same intensity of the electric field are connected, as shown in FIG. Schematic diagram, and the schematic diagram of the vector diagram and the electric field amplitude contour line after eliminating the background electric field of the embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention shown in FIG. 10; The difference between the angle and the vector intensity can be used to intuitively determine the abnormal situation of the corresponding measurement point, which is convenient and fast for further analysis and processing of the confirmed measurement area.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11 , in the embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention, when the number of power supply electrodes is two, the flow chart of the refinement step S600 of the measurement point analysis is carried out by means of vector decomposition, and the step S600 includes:

Step S630, according to the electric field intensity vector information of each measurement point, perform vector decomposition into the electric field intensity parallel component vector and vertical component vector of each measurement point parallel and perpendicular to the connection direction of the two power supply electrodes;

Step S640, comparing the electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector of each measurement point with the theoretical electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector decomposed by the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measurement point to determine the corresponding measurement point electric field anomaly information.

In this embodiment, when two power supply electrodes are used, the obtained electric field intensity vector in the orthogonal direction of each measurement point can be decomposed into the electric field of each measurement point parallel and perpendicular to the connecting direction of the two power supply electrodes. The intensity parallel component vector and vertical component vector, and the theoretical electric field intensity vectors of the electric field vectors of multiple power supply point sources at the measurement point are decomposed into the theoretical electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector in the same direction as the measurement point decomposition direction. Compare.

Specifically, by comparing the ratio of the intensity value of the electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector at each measurement point to the intensity value of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity parallel component vector or vertical component vector, if the ratio is not 1, then Confirm that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is abnormal and record the corresponding ratio; otherwise, confirm that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is normal and record the ratio as 1; The difference between the value and the intensity value of the parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity, if the difference value is not 0, confirm that the electric field of the corresponding measurement point is abnormal and record the corresponding difference value, otherwise, confirm the corresponding The electric field at the measurement point is normal and the difference is recorded as 0. Furthermore, based on the above-mentioned determination of whether the electric field of each measurement point is normal or not, and based on the difference between the component-vector ratio and the component-vector difference obtained after the above-mentioned vector decomposition, the corresponding electric field with the component-vector ratio and the same difference is normal. The measurement points are connected, and the measurement points with the same sub-vector ratio and/or the same difference have abnormal electric fields, and are converted and displayed on the plane coordinate system, that is, the displayed sub-vector ratio and difference can be intuitively displayed. Determine the abnormal situation of the corresponding measurement point, which is convenient and quick to carry out further analysis and processing on the confirmed measurement area. In addition, using other vector decomposition directions and then comparing with the theoretical electric field strength vector can also be used to determine the anomaly of the corresponding measurement point.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12 , in the embodiment of the electrical prospecting method of the present invention, when the number of power supply electrodes is one, the flow diagram of the refinement step S600 of the measurement point analysis is performed by vector decomposition, and the step S600 further includes:

Step S650, carrying out vector decomposition according to the electric field intensity vector information of each measurement point, and the vector decomposition direction is the radiation direction and the vertical radiation direction of the power supply electrode projected on the ground as the center and passing through each measurement point;

Step S660, decompose the electric field intensity vector information of each measurement point according to the radiation direction and the vertical radiation direction to obtain the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector and the vertical radiation direction component vector of each measurement point;

Step S670, dividing the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field intensity radiation direction component vector of the theoretical electric field intensity corresponding to the measurement point in the radiation direction or vertical radiation direction vector decomposition Or the vertical radiation direction sub-vectors are compared to determine the electric field anomaly information of the corresponding measurement point.

In this embodiment, when one power supply electrode is used, the obtained electric field intensity vector in the orthogonal direction of each measurement point can be decomposed into the radiation direction and The vertical radiation direction, and the theoretical electric field strength vector of the electric field vector of the power supply point source at the measurement point is decomposed into the radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector in the same direction as the measurement point decomposition direction and compared. The ratio of the intensity value of the radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector of the electric field intensity at the measurement point to the intensity value of the radiation direction component vector or vertical radiation direction component vector of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity. If the ratio is not 1, confirm the corresponding If the electric field of the measurement point is abnormal and the corresponding ratio is recorded, otherwise, the electric field of the measurement point is considered to be normal and the ratio is recorded as 1; The difference between the radiation direction component vector of the theoretical electric field intensity or the intensity value of the vertical radiation direction component vector, if the ratio is not 0, confirm that the electric field at the corresponding measurement point is abnormal and record the corresponding difference, otherwise it is regarded as the electric field at the measurement point Normal and record the difference as 0. Furthermore, based on the above-mentioned determination of whether the electric field of each measurement point is normal or not, and based on the difference between the component-vector ratio and the component-vector difference obtained after the above-mentioned vector decomposition, the corresponding electric field with the component-vector ratio and the same difference is normal. The measurement points are connected, and the measurement points with the same sub-vector ratio and/or the same difference have abnormal electric fields, and are converted and displayed on the plane coordinate system, that is, the displayed sub-vector ratio and difference can be intuitively displayed. Determine the abnormal situation of the corresponding measurement point, which is convenient and quick to carry out further analysis and processing on the confirmed measurement area. In addition, using other vector decomposition directions and then comparing with the theoretical electric field strength vector can also be used to determine the anomaly of the corresponding measurement point.

Further, based on the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 12 , the steps of S400 include:

According to the electrode potential difference between the two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point, the preset separation distance between the two measurement electrode units, and the corresponding real-time power supply current provided by the power supply device, the corresponding measurement point is obtained in The electric field intensity vector in the direction of the connection between the two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes.

In this embodiment, the electric field measuring instrument connected to the two measuring electrode units of any two groups of measuring electrodes at each measuring point measures the potential differences ΔVa and ΔVb in two directions, and measures the distance between the corresponding two measuring electrode units as Da and Db, and according to the obtained real-time current I of the power supply device, the electric field magnitudes of the selected measurement point in two orthogonal directions are Ea (=ΔVa/Da/I) and Eb (=ΔVb/Db/ 1), the direction of the electric field is corresponding to the direction of two groups of two measuring electrode units connecting lines respectively, after the current measuring point completes the measurement and the measurement data is stored, moves forward to the next measuring point and carries out the measurement record by GPS positioning, until Complete the measurement of all measurement points.

In addition, vertical electric field measurement electrodes or magnetic field measurement sensors can be placed at each measurement point to measure Z-component data and enrich on-site measured data information.

At the same time, in the above-mentioned embodiment, both direct current and alternating current can be used for power supply. When the ground electrode power supply current is direct current, forward and reverse power supply is used. The electric field vector E _{is positive} and E _negative , using the calculation formula E=(E _positive - E _negative )/2 and E _self =(E _positive + E _negative )/2, E _self represents the natural electric field strength vector when there is no electric field. The two orthogonal measurement directions are independently calculated to obtain the electric field vector under the power supply condition and the natural electric field vector when the power supply is not supplied, which can then be used for the interpretation of the underground electrical structure distribution. When the supply current is DC, the _DC electric field E is measured; when the supply current is alternating current, they measure the AC electric field E _AC ; if the distance between the two measuring electrodes in pairs is D, the magnitude of the potential difference measurement is ΔV, the calculated electric field is: E=ΔV/D. The electric field vector calculated above is normalized by dividing E by the power supply current I at the corresponding time.

Further, the low-resistivity-based underground medium structure will attract current, resulting in a smaller electric field intensity measured on the surface; or the high-resistivity-based underground medium structure will repel the current, resulting in a larger surface-measured electric field intensity. After obtaining and confirming the abnormal situation of each measurement point in the survey area, and obtaining the above-mentioned abnormal area after eliminating the background electric field, there may be high-resistance dielectric structures underground in the high electric field value or abnormal center area, such as uplifted bedrock, unfilled There may be low-resistance dielectric structures underground in low electric field values or abnormal central areas, such as metal ore bodies, water-filled goafs, and so on.

In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement, it is possible to invert the measured vector electric field in combination with the theoretical calculation formula, that is, assuming the underground resistivity structure, calculate the vector electric field of the whole measurement area through the theoretical analytical formula, and calculate the difference between the vector electric field and the measured vector electric field according to the theory. Correct the underground resistivity structure according to the value of the value, and iterate continuously to achieve the best fit between the theoretically calculated vector electric field and the measured vector electric field, so as to obtain the best possible state of the underground resistivity structure. After obtaining the distribution characteristics of the resistivity of the underground medium after fitting, the geological correlation interpretation is carried out with reference to the geological characteristics of the abnormal area of electrical exploration based on the distribution characteristics of the resistivity.

In addition, based on the fact that the electric field strength vector of each measurement point in the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 to 12 is obtained by measuring electrodes that are orthogonal to each other, it is also possible to measure the electromagnetic field strength vector of each measurement point with at least two magnetic field sensors in orthogonal directions. , when the power supply current of the power supply device is DC, the static magnetic field sensor is used to measure, and the static magnetic field sensor is used to measure the static electromagnetic field excited by the power supply current; The measurement sensor uses sensors such as magnetic rods and coils to measure time-varying electromagnetic fields or induced electromotive forces; the static magnetic field sensors are Hall sensors, magnetometers, and the like.

Correspondingly, the background electromagnetic field intensity vector of each measurement point can also be calculated according to the theoretical formula of the alternating electromagnetic field generated by the power supply point or power supply wire, as a comparison reference with the actually measured electromagnetic field intensity vector data of the corresponding measurement point. Moreover, the above-mentioned vector synthesis or decomposition of the vector components of the electromagnetic field strength obtained at each measurement point will also be based on the parallelogram law, for example, in the geographic east-west-north-south horizontal plane rectangular coordinate system, or in the geographic east-west-north-south-vertical three-dimensional right angle. Decomposition or synthesis on each plane of the coordinate system, etc.; and the subsequent vector synthesis of the electromagnetic field strength vectors of each measurement point measured and graphically displayed on the plane coordinate system, and according to the electromagnetic field strength vector of each measurement point and the corresponding measurement point. The steps of analyzing the relative change direction or magnitude of the theoretical electromagnetic field strength vector and converting and displaying it on the plane coordinate system are basically the same as the above-mentioned steps S500 and S600 and the refinement step, and will not be discussed here.

Further, the present invention provides an electrical prospecting system, as shown in FIG. 13 , which is a logical structural block diagram of the electrical prospecting system of the present invention. The electrical prospecting system includes: a positioning mechanism 10 , a detection mechanism 20 and a processing mechanism 30 , the positioning mechanism 10 includes one or more of GPS, RTK, and total station, and is used to determine the coordinate range of the survey area, the coordinates of the position where the power supply electrodes are arranged, and the coordinates of each measurement point within the coordinate range of the survey area. coordinate;

The detection mechanism 20 includes at least two groups of measurement electrodes and electric field measuring instruments connected to each group of measurement electrodes, and the detection mechanism 20 is used to sequentially pass through at least two groups of measurement electrodes according to the coordinates of each measurement point provided by the positioning mechanism 10 . Obtain the electrode potential difference of each group of measurement electrodes with the electric field measuring instrument, and obtain the electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measurement electrodes at each measurement point. It consists of electrode units. The connection lines of the two measurement electrode units of each group of measurement electrodes intersect at the corresponding measurement points. Each group of measurement electrodes is connected to the electric field measuring instrument. The two measurement electrode units of any two groups of measurement electrodes The lines are perpendicular to each other;

The processing mechanism 30 is configured to receive the electric field strength vector information of the measurement points transmitted by the detection mechanism 20 and perform the electric field according to the relative change direction or magnitude of the electric field strength vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point. The intensity analysis determines the electric field intensity of the corresponding measurement point, so that the actual geological condition of the survey area is determined according to the actual electric field intensity of each measurement point.

In addition, the electrical prospecting system further includes a display mechanism 40, and the display mechanism 40 is configured to receive the electric field strength vector data of each measurement point processed by the processing mechanism 30 and the electric field strength situation of the corresponding measurement point, and display the electric field strength at each measurement point processed by the processing mechanism 30. Graphical display or conversion display is performed on the plane coordinate system in the display mechanism 40 .

The electrical prospecting system provided by the present invention can quickly obtain the electric field strength vector of each measurement point by passing the vector fields in any two vertical directions on each measurement point, and then can flexibly avoid obstacles. The intensity vector can be directly used to compare and analyze the electric field intensity. Based on the directionality of vector synthesis or decomposition, it enriches the information of the measured data and provides support for the information mining and fine interpretation of the vector electric field data.

In addition, the above-mentioned orthogonal electrodes can measure the electric field strength vector of each measurement point, and the orthogonal direction magnetic field sensor can also be used to measure the electric field strength vector of each measurement point. Magnetic field measurement sensor; when the power supply current is DC, the static magnetic field sensor is used to measure the static magnetic field excited by the power supply current; when the power supply current is an alternating current, the time-varying electromagnetic field or induced electromotive force is measured by sensors such as magnetic rods and coils The static magnetic field sensor is a Hall sensor, a magnetometer, etc., and then, the background electric field intensity vector of each measurement point is calculated according to the theoretical formula of the alternating electromagnetic field generated by the power supply point or the power supply wire, as a comparison reference for the measured electromagnetic field data.

It should be noted that, herein, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or system comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or system. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or system that includes the element.

The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

The above will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for description purposes, and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization by those of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be achieved, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method of the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is better implementation.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields , are similarly included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of electrical prospecting, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

determining a coordinate range of a measuring area, and arranging a corresponding power supply electrode on at least one preset coordinate point in the measuring area, wherein the power supply electrode is connected with a power supply device, and the power supply device is used for supplying power to the power supply electrode;

determining the coordinates of each measuring point so that the coordinates of each measuring point are located in the measuring area coordinate range;

starting the power supply device, and acquiring the electrode potential difference of each group of measuring electrodes by at least two groups of measuring electrodes through an electric field measuring instrument at each measuring point, wherein each group of measuring electrodes consists of two measuring electrode units with preset spacing distance, the connecting lines of the two measuring electrode units of each group of measuring electrodes are intersected with the corresponding measuring point, each group of measuring electrodes are connected with the electric field measuring instrument, and the connecting lines of the two measuring electrode units of any two groups of measuring electrodes are vertical to each other;

and acquiring the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measuring electrodes of each measuring point.

2. The electrical prospecting method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measuring electrodes of each measuring point comprises the following steps:

vector synthesis is carried out on the measured electric field intensity vectors of all the measuring points, and graphic display is carried out on a plane coordinate system;

and analyzing the relative change direction or amplitude according to the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point, and performing conversion display on a plane coordinate system.

3. The electrical prospecting method according to claim 2, wherein the step of analyzing the electric field intensity according to the relative change direction or magnitude of the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point comprises:

vector synthesis is carried out according to the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point to obtain the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point after vector synthesis;

comparing a vector included angle and the magnitude of the corresponding electric field intensity according to the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point after vector synthesis and the theoretical electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point;

if the obtained vector included angle is larger than 0, determining that the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal;

if the obtained vector included angle is equal to 0 and the difference value between the electric field intensity of each synthesized measuring point and the theoretical electric field intensity is not equal to 0, determining that the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal;

and if the obtained vector included angle is equal to 0 and the difference value between the electric field intensity of each synthesized measuring point and the theoretical electric field intensity is equal to 0, confirming that the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is normal.

4. The electrical prospecting method according to claim 2, wherein when the number of the power supply electrodes is 2, the step of analyzing the magnitude of the relative change direction or magnitude of the relative change between the electric field strength vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point further comprises:

decomposing the vector into a parallel component vector and a vertical component vector of the electric field intensity of each measuring point in the direction parallel to and perpendicular to the connecting line of the two power supply electrodes according to the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point;

and comparing the electric field strength parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of each measuring point with the theoretical electric field strength parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of the corresponding measuring point after vector decomposition to determine whether the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal.

5. The electrical prospecting method according to claim 2, wherein when the number of the power supply electrodes is 1, the step of analyzing the magnitude or the direction of the relative change according to the electric field strength vector of each measurement point and the theoretical electric field strength vector of the corresponding measurement point further comprises:

performing vector decomposition according to the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point, wherein the vector decomposition direction is a radiation direction and a vertical radiation direction, which are used as the center of the ground projection of the power supply electrode and penetrate through each measuring point;

carrying out vector decomposition on the electric field intensity vector of each measuring point according to the radiation direction and the vertical radiation direction to obtain an electric field intensity radiation direction component vector and a vertical radiation direction component vector of each measuring point;

and comparing the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of each measuring point with the theoretical electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of the theoretical electric field intensity of the corresponding measuring point after the radiation direction or the vertical radiation direction vector is decomposed, so as to determine whether the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal.

6. The electrical prospecting method according to claim 4, wherein the step of comparing the electric field strength parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of each measuring point with the theoretical electric field strength parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of the corresponding measuring point after vector decomposition of the theoretical electric field strength vector comprises:

comparing the ratio of the intensity value of the electric field intensity parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of each measuring point to the intensity value of the corresponding parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of the theoretical electric field intensity, and if the ratio is not 1, determining that the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal;

or comparing the difference value between the intensity value of the electric field strength parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of each measuring point and the intensity value of the corresponding parallel component vector or the vertical component vector of the theoretical electric field strength, and if the difference value is not 0, confirming that the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal.

7. The electrical prospecting method according to claim 5, wherein the step of comparing the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of each measurement point with the theoretical electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of the corresponding measurement point after the theoretical electric field intensity is decomposed in the radiation direction or the vertical radiation direction vector comprises:

comparing the ratio of the intensity of the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of each measuring point to the intensity of the radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity, and if the ratio is not 1, determining that the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal;

or comparing the intensity of the electric field intensity radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of each measuring point with the intensity of the radiation direction component vector or the vertical radiation direction component vector of the corresponding theoretical electric field intensity, and if the difference is not 0, determining that the electric field of the corresponding measuring point is abnormal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the two measuring electrode units of each set of measuring electrodes are spaced apart by the same or different predetermined distances; all the measuring points are uniformly distributed in the measuring area; each measuring point is the central point of the connecting line of each group of measuring electrodes; the step of obtaining the electric field intensity vector corresponding to the measuring point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measuring electrodes of each measuring point comprises the following steps:

and obtaining the electric field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point in the connecting line direction of the two measuring electrode units of the two measuring electrodes according to the electrode potential difference between the two measuring electrode units of any two groups of measuring electrodes of each measuring point, the preset spacing distance of the two measuring electrode units and any real-time power supply current.

9. The method of electrical prospecting of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the coordinates of the measurement points such that the coordinates of the measurement points are within the coordinate range of the test area further comprises:

starting the power supply device, measuring electromagnetic field intensity vectors of corresponding measuring points by at least two magnetic field sensors at each measuring point in the orthogonal direction, when the power supply current of the power supply device is direct current, measuring by using a static magnetic field sensor, and when the power supply current of the power supply device is alternating current, using alternating electromagnetic field sensors such as a magnetic bar or a coil;

and acquiring the electromagnetic field intensity vector of the corresponding measuring point according to the electromagnetic field intensity vector components measured by any two orthogonal magnetic field sensors of each measuring point.

10. An electrical prospecting system, characterized in that it comprises: a positioning mechanism, a detection mechanism and a processing mechanism,

the positioning mechanism comprises one or more of a GPS (global positioning system), an RTK (Real-time kinematic) and a total station, and is used for determining a coordinate range of a measuring area, coordinates of positions where power supply electrodes are arranged and coordinates of each measuring point in the coordinate range of the measuring area;

the detection mechanism comprises at least two groups of measuring electrodes and an electric field measuring instrument connected with each group of measuring electrodes, the detection mechanism is used for acquiring the electrode potential difference of each group of measuring electrodes sequentially through the at least two groups of measuring electrodes and the electric field measuring instrument according to the coordinates of each measuring point provided by the positioning mechanism and acquiring the electric field intensity vector corresponding to the measuring point according to the electrode potential difference of any two groups of measuring electrodes of each measuring point, each group of measuring electrodes consists of two measuring electrode units with preset spacing distance, the connecting lines of the two measuring electrode units of each group of measuring electrodes are intersected with the corresponding measuring point, each group of measuring electrodes are connected with the electric field measuring instrument, and the connecting lines of the two measuring electrode units of any two groups of measuring electrodes are vertical to each other;

and the processing mechanism is used for receiving the electric field intensity vectors of the measuring points transmitted by the detection mechanism, carrying out vector synthesis on the measured electric field intensity vectors of the measuring points, carrying out graphic display on a plane coordinate system, carrying out analysis on the relative change direction or amplitude according to the electric field intensity vectors of the measuring points and the theoretical electric field intensity vectors of the corresponding measuring points, and carrying out conversion display on the plane coordinate system.

Images