CN113687094A - System suitable for construction engineering section wind speed test - Google Patents
System suitable for construction engineering section wind speed test Download PDFInfo
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- CN113687094A CN113687094A CN202110983039.XA CN202110983039A CN113687094A CN 113687094 A CN113687094 A CN 113687094A CN 202110983039 A CN202110983039 A CN 202110983039A CN 113687094 A CN113687094 A CN 113687094A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
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Abstract
The invention provides a system suitable for testing the section wind speed of a construction project. The system comprises: the wind speed testing device is detachably arranged on the wind speed measuring section in a testing unit form; and the data acquisition device is connected with the wind speed testing device arranged on the wind speed measuring section, records the wind speed value measured by the wind speed testing device and can display the change curve of the wind speed value. The system suitable for the section wind speed test of the construction engineering effectively solves the problems of high measurement difficulty, unscientific measurement process, inaccurate measurement result, no proper equipment and the like in the large-scale section wind speed test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind speed measurement, in particular to a system suitable for testing the section wind speed of a construction project.
Background
Along with the continuous and deep updating action of the national city, construction engineering projects such as urban rail transit, underground pipe galleries, complex commercial complexes and the like are implemented on the ground. The construction projects need to measure the section wind speed during acceptance and daily operation so as to evaluate the performances of a smoke prevention system, a smoke exhaust system and a ventilation system. As proposed in the subway design code (GB50157-2013) 28.4.10: when a fire disaster occurs at a station platform, the air flow which can effectively prevent smoke from spreading upwards is ensured at the stairway and the escalator mouth from the station hall to the platform, and the downward air flow speed is not less than 1.5 m/s. In other relevant specifications of construction engineering, similar expressions are also provided.
The construction project cross section has the characteristics of large cross section size (such as 13.3 meters of the inner diameter of a Yangtze river tunnel of Naja Dihuai door in Nanjing), complex structure (such as a gas pipeline, a power transmission pipeline and a heating pipeline in an underground comprehensive pipe gallery), complex field conditions (such as a part of field processes are still in a construction state when the test support is provided for the construction project), and the like, but special instrument equipment suitable for detecting the wind speed of the cross section of a large-scale construction project is lacked in the prior art, a single-point hand-held anemoscope can be adopted when the wind speed of the cross section with small size is detected, and the wind speed of the cross section with large size cannot be used. In addition, the manual measurement may cause the result distortion due to the inaccurate selection of the test point. Patent CN104777325A discloses a system and method for testing wind speed in subway platform and tunnel, but the system has complicated measurement, large number of supports, and the size of the system can not be adjusted according to the cross-sectional dimension. Patent CN111175531A discloses a channel space wind speed detection system and a use method thereof, the device is suitable for non-rectangular channel space section wind speed test, the device structure is complex, the field installation time is long, and the system size can not be adjusted according to the section size. Patent CN106771336A discloses a tunnel section wind speed measuring device and a measuring point position calculating method, the device has a huge base, is not easy to carry and transport, and the calculating method is complex and is not suitable for engineering tests. It can be seen that although some of the prior patents can be applied to section wind speed testing, none of the systems described in these patents can adjust the size of the system according to the section size, and are not suitable for large-size complicated tunnel section wind speed testing activities.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a system suitable for testing the section wind speed of the construction engineering, which can be adjusted according to the section size, can be detachably carried at all parts, is simple and quick to install, does not need to take electricity on site, has the characteristics of scientific, reasonable, simple and convenient measurement and the like, and effectively solves the problems of high measurement difficulty, unscientific measurement process, inaccurate measurement result, no suitable equipment and the like in large-scale section wind speed testing.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a system suitable for testing the section wind speed of the construction project, which comprises: the wind speed testing device is detachably arranged on the wind speed measuring section in a testing unit form; and the data acquisition device is connected with the wind speed testing device arranged on the wind speed measuring section, records the wind speed value measured by the wind speed testing device and can display the change curve of the wind speed value.
In some embodiments, the wind speed testing device is composed of a plurality of testing units, the number of the testing units can be adjusted according to the section size, and each testing unit can measure the average wind speed in a 5 m-5 m section.
In some embodiments, the test unit comprises: 2 pole settings, 2 horizontal poles, 1 wind speed sensor array, 2 chassis, a plurality of counter weight rings, 2 array connectors, 2 pole setting connectors, 4 bolts.
In some embodiments, 2 chassis are placed on two sides of the section side by side, and a counterweight ring is sleeved on the chassis and can be placed in 8.
In some embodiments, the base plate is inserted with a vertical rod and locked by a hoop on the base plate.
In some embodiments, the two ends of the vertical rod are welded with a circular flower disc, and the circular flower disc is provided with 9 holes.
In some embodiments, a cross bar with grooves at two ends is inserted into the flower disc, the groove holes are enabled to be coincident with the flower disc holes, and a bolt is inserted to enable the vertical rod to be fixed with the cross bar.
In some embodiments, the cross bar is a solid steel bar, the outside of the cross bar is provided with a measuring ruler, the two sides of the cross bar are provided with grooves, and the side walls of the grooves are also provided with holes.
In some embodiments, further comprising: the array connector is a mechanism for connecting the wind speed sensor array and the cross rod, is in a cross shape, and is internally provided with a ball structure.
In some embodiments, a data acquisition device comprises: the system comprises an acquisition host, a wireless signal transceiver, a data storage unit and a 220v movable power supply.
After adopting such design, the invention has at least the following advantages:
the wireless wind speed testing device has high adaptability. The system adopts a unit type construction concept, consists of a plurality of test units, can measure various sizes of sections by combining different numbers of test units, and can measure the sections of large-size construction projects by only increasing the number of units. Meanwhile, the sensor array is composed of a plurality of wind speed sensors, the sensors work independently, the wind speed sensors can be detached independently when complex pipeline engineering sections exist, such as a comprehensive pipe gallery, and the like, and a single wind speed sensor is used for measuring the wind speed nearby a pipeline.
The wireless wind speed testing device has high convenience. The components of the system can be detached and connected by adopting lantern ring, hoop and bolt processes, the acquisition system is provided with a power supply, and data transmission is carried out by adopting Wi-F i and Bluetooth signals in a field wireless ad hoc network mode. The system is easy to carry, the field installation speed is high, and no special requirements are required for wiring, power supply, mobile signals and the like. When the wireless wind speed testing system works, a tester does not need to operate the wind speed testing device in a short distance, only the collection host needs to be observed remotely, and wind speed data are automatically collected and stored and are displayed on the collection host in a graphical mode. A plurality of test units can work simultaneously, the number of the adopted points is increased, and the field test speed is effectively improved.
The wireless wind speed testing device has strong scientificity. The system tests the section wind speed in a grid wind speed sampling mode through the whole row of the wind speed sensors, and finally performs weighted average calculation on each grid wind speed, so that not only can the section average wind speed be obtained, but also the section wind speed distribution can be analyzed. In addition, the position of the wind speed probe can be fixed when a measurer is far away from the test section, the area of the section is not reduced due to the measurer, and the coordinate of the test position can be accurately determined.
Drawings
The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wind speed sensor configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the vertical bar and the horizontal bar;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a measuring rod collar configuration;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vertical rod collar structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the wind speed collection system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a construction project section wind speed testing method;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the location arrangement of the wind speed testing points of the system of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. erecting a rod; 2. a cross bar; 3. an array of wind speed sensors; 4. a stem connector; 5. a chassis; 6. a counterweight ring; 7. an array connector; 8. a male opening; 9. a protective sleeve; 10. a sensor signal conversion circuit board and a power supply; 11. a wireless signal transmitting antenna; 12. a wind speed sensor probe; 13. a female port; 14. a chassis hoop; 15. a base plate hoop knob; 16. a flower disc; 17. a bolt; 18. a connector lower tube; 19. a ball bearing; 20. an upper connector pipe; 21. a vertical rod connector hoop; 22. a vertical rod connector hoop knob; 23. a data acquisition system; 24. collecting a host; 25. a wireless signal transceiver; 26. a data storage unit; 27. 220v a removable power supply; 28. a wind speed testing device; 29. a serial server; 30. an analog signal collector; 31. and a wind speed sensor.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
First and second aspects of the invention
In order to improve the automation level and the test scientificity of the section wind speed test, the invention provides a system and a method suitable for the section wind speed test of a construction project, and the system and the method have the characteristics that the size of the test system can be adjusted according to the section size, all parts can be detached and carried, the installation is simple and quick, no electricity is needed to be taken on site, the measurement is scientific, reasonable, simple and convenient, and the like. The problems of high measurement difficulty, unscientific measurement process, inaccurate measurement result, no proper equipment and the like in the large-scale section wind speed test are effectively solved.
Good and technical scheme
The wireless wind speed testing system mainly comprises a wind speed testing device and a data acquisition system, wherein the wind speed testing device comprises:
the wind speed testing device is composed of a plurality of testing units, each testing unit can test the average wind speed in a 5m x 5m section, therefore, before the section testing is carried out, the number of the required testing units is determined according to the size of the section, and the total area of the testing units is ensured to be larger than or equal to the area of the testing section. Each test cell includes: 2 pole settings, 2 horizontal poles, 1 wind speed sensor array, 2 chassis, a plurality of counter weight rings, 2 array connectors, 2 pole setting connectors, 4 bolts are constituteed.
Taking a single test unit as an example, during testing, the test unit faces a large section, and 2 chassis are arranged on two sides of the section side by side from left to right. The chassis is sleeved with a counterweight ring, and 8 counterweight rings can be placed on the counterweight ring, so that the stability of the test unit is ensured. The vertical rod is inserted into the chassis and locked by a hoop on the chassis. Circular flower discs are welded at two ends of the vertical rod, and 9 holes are formed in the circular flower discs. The horizontal pole is solid steel pole, and the outside is carved with the scale, and both sides are fluted, and the recess lateral wall has the trompil equally. During installation, the grooves of the cross rod are respectively clamped into the vertical rod faceplates on the left side and the right side, and the bolt is inserted after the holes are aligned, so that the cross rod and the vertical rods can be stably connected. The upper and lower crossbars should be mounted in this way. The pole connector is sleeved at the top end of the pole, when the test unit needs to be connected upwards, the bottom of the pole of the upper test unit can be inserted into the pole connector, and the pole is fixed through a clamping hoop mode.
The array connector is a mechanism for connecting the wind speed sensor array and the cross rod, the shape of the array connector is in a cross shape, the interior of the array connector is provided with a ball structure, after the array connector is sleeved into the cross rod, the special structure can ensure that the connector can freely slide left and right on the cross rod, and the moving distance is controlled through scales on the cross rod. The array connector is characterized in that the upper pipe is smooth, the lower pipe is provided with a threaded structure, the wind speed sensor female port is sleeved into the upper pipe when the array connector is used, and the male port is screwed into the lower pipe.
The wind speed sensor array is formed by combining a plurality of wind speed sensors, wherein one end of each sensor is a solid cylinder with a thread structure on the outer side, the solid cylinder is called a male port, and the other end of each sensor is a hollow steel pipe with a thread structure inside, and the hollow steel pipe is called a female port. When the sensor probe is used, the sensor can be connected with the male port and the female port in a screwing mode, the screwing length can be controlled, and the position of the sensor probe can be adjusted within a certain range. The middle part of the sensor is hollow, and the wind speed sensor probe and the wireless signal transmitting antenna are placed in the sensor. The sensor signal conversion and power supply circuit is arranged in the protective sleeve at one side of the sensor male opening. When the device is used, the air flow in the large-scale section is ensured to directly blow the probe of the wind speed sensor, at the moment, the probe sends out a 4-20mA analog signal, the signal is converted into a digital signal complying with an RS485 protocol through an analog signal collector arranged in the sensor, and the signal is converted into a Wi-Fi signal and a Bluetooth signal through a serial server and is transmitted through a wireless signal transmitting antenna. Wherein analog signal collector, serial server and supply circuit weld to a circuit board to realize equipment miniaturization and integration.
The data acquisition system comprises an acquisition host, a wireless signal transceiver, a data storage unit and a 220v movable power supply. The data acquisition system adopts a 220v movable power supply for power supply, and when the data acquisition system works, because the section wind speed value is instantaneously too large or too small, the equipment acquires the wind speed average value in a period of time as the wind speed value of a measured point, so the acquisition period is determined by setting the acquisition time and the acquisition interval of the acquisition host. Secondly, a wireless signal transceiver is used for receiving a wind speed signal value sent by a wind speed sensor, and a real-time wind speed value is recorded in a data storage unit in real time through a collection host. Meanwhile, a touch display screen is arranged on the acquisition host, and the real-time wind speed value and the change curve can be observed through the display screen. And after the collection is finished, calculating the average wind speed value of the large section by using the collection host.
When the section is expanded and tested, the section is firstly subjected to gridding treatment, namely the section is longitudinally divided into m rows and transversely divided into n columns, and the area of the section is as follows:
in the formula: s is the total area of the cross section, m2；
sijIs the grid area of the ith row and the jth column, m2。
Moving the wind speed measuring point to the center of the grid, setting the wind speed sampling rate as t(s), and the acquisition time as T(s), so that the average wind speed of the center of the grid can be obtained as follows:
in the formula:
the average wind speed m/s of the ith row and jth column grids in the designated collection time length is shown.
After all grid wind speed values are obtained, the average wind speed of the section is obtained as follows:
in the formula:
the average wind speed of the test section is m/s.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the test system when testing the cross-sectional wind speed of the construction project. The test system in the figure comprises four test units, wherein each test unit consists of 2 vertical rods 1, 2 cross rods 2, 1 wind speed sensor array 3, 2 chassis 5, a plurality of counterweight rings 6, 2 array connectors 7, 2 vertical rod connectors 4 and 4 bolts 17. Before the wind speed test of the construction engineering section is carried out, site survey should be carried out in advance, and the size of the measurement section, the number of required measurement units and the position of a probe of the wind speed sensor are confirmed.
The field installation process of the wind speed testing system will be described by taking one of the testing units as an example. Firstly, 2 bases 5 are placed on one side of a test section side by side, and the distance between the bases is equal to the length of the cross rod 2. The counterweight ring 6 is sleeved on the base, and the number of the sleeved counterweight rings 6 is related to the total height of the test system, so that the stability of the test system is ensured to be proper. And then 2 upright rods 1 are respectively inserted into the base 5, and a base hoop knob 15 is screwed to ensure that the base hoop 14 fixes the upright rods 1, so that the installation of the upright rods 1 is finished. After the upright stanchion 1 is installed, the lower cross rod 2 can be installed.
The side of the array connector 7 with the balls 19 is first inserted into the crossbar 2. As the two sides of the cross rod 2 are provided with grooves, the two walls of the grooves are provided with holes, the grooves are clamped and welded on the flower disc 16 of the vertical rod, the holes on the grooves of the cross rod 2 are aligned with the holes on the flower disc 16, and the bolts 17 are inserted to fix the vertical rod and the cross rod, wherein the specific connection mode is shown in figure 3. After the lower cross bar 2 has been mounted, the upper cross bar is mounted in this way.
The wind speed sensor array 3 is then assembled, the wind speed sensor array 3 being made up of a plurality of wind speed sensors 31, as shown in fig. 2. Before the wind speed sensor is used, a proper number of wind speed sensors are selected according to the distance between the cross rods, the male opening 8 of each wind speed sensor 31 is screwed into the female opening 13, the screwing distance of each sensor is adjusted, and the sensor probe 12 is guaranteed to be at the preset height of the scheme and face the direction of the coming air flow. Finally, the aligned 3 male ports 8 of the wind speed sensors are screwed into the lower tubes 18 of the upper cross bar array connector 7, and the female ports 13 are sleeved into the upper tubes 20 of the lower cross bar 2 array connector 7. In which fig. 4 is seen in a cross-sectional view of the array connector 7. After the installation of one test unit is completed, it is necessary to confirm that the wind speed sensor array probes 12 are all facing the coming direction of the airflow again.
When other test units are installed, the horizontal direction is installed first, and then the vertical direction is installed. The horizontal direction is expanded by combining the vertical rod 1 and the cross rod 2, the vertical rod connector 4 is firstly inserted and installed on the vertical rod 1 in the vertical direction, and the clamp knob 22 of the side vertical rod connector is locked, so that the clamp 21 of the vertical rod connector fixes the vertical rod 1. Thereafter, a new pole is inserted over the pole connector 4 and the new pole is secured by retracting the side pole connector clamp knob again. The detailed structure of the vertical rod connector is schematically shown in figure 5.
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the wind speed acquisition system of the present invention, and after the wind speed testing device is installed, the 220v movable power supply 27 in the data acquisition system 23 can be turned on, and the acquisition duration and the acquisition interval are set by the acquisition host 24 to determine the acquisition period. And starting the test when the work is ready. During testing, a tester should be far from the downwind direction of the test section by 10 m. After wind speed acquisition is started, the wind speed sensor 31 converts an actually measured wind speed value into an analog signal of 4-20mA, the signal is converted into a digital signal complying with an RS485 protocol through an analog signal acquisition unit 30 arranged in the sensor, the signal is converted into a Wi-Fi signal and a Bluetooth signal through the serial server 29, and the Wi-Fi signal and the Bluetooth signal are transmitted through the wireless signal transmitting antenna 11. The wireless signal transceiver 25 of the data acquisition system 23 receives the wind speed value signal, and displays the wind speed value signal in the acquisition host 24, so that field testers can observe the real-time wind speed value and the wind speed change curve through a touch display screen arranged on the acquisition host 24. Meanwhile, the acquisition host 24 records the real-time wind speed value in the data storage unit 26 in real time. After the collection is completed, the collection host 24 is used to calculate the average wind speed value of the large section.
With reference to fig. 7, a method for testing the section wind speed of the construction project is provided:
and 32, measuring the width and the height of the construction project section.
Step 33, determining the number of the test units according to the width and height of the measured section, wherein the total length of the test units is required to be greater than or equal to the width of the section, and the total height of the test units is required to be greater than or equal to the height of the section. And simultaneously, a scheme is formulated, and the number of the test grids, the height position of the wind speed sensor probe and the number of the test groups are determined. The grid divides the section into m rows longitudinally, divides into n row transversely, totally m n grid, and the sectional area should satisfy simultaneously:
in the formula: s is the total area of the cross section, m2；
sijIs the grid area of the ith row and the jth column, m2。
And step 34, carrying out field assembly on the wind speed testing device according to the method, wherein the probe of the wind speed sensor is ensured to be positioned at the center of each grid and face the windward direction during assembly.
And step 35, after the wind speed testing device is assembled, starting the data acquisition system for debugging. The debugging step comprises the following steps:
and step 36, displaying the online of the wirelessly connected wind speed sensor array on the acquisition host computer, and displaying the digital data in real time.
And step 37, setting the acquisition time length as T(s) on the acquisition host computer, and determining the test time of each test point.
And step 38, setting a collection interval t(s) on the collection host to determine the sampling frequency of the wind speed. Through steps 37 and 38, the wind speed test system can measure the wind speed for multiple times within a specified time range, and finally the average value of the wind speed of the measured point is obtained as follows:
in the formula:
the average wind speed m/s of the ith row and jth column grids in the designated collection time length is shown.
And 39, placing the wind speed sensor array at a first group of wind speed testing positions, enabling a tester to be far away from a testing section, and clicking on the acquisition host to start a wind speed test.
And 40-42, performing section wind speed test according to the scheme, and simultaneously testing all rows on one grid at a time, wherein n rows are required to be tested in total. And meanwhile, during testing, a tester observes the wind speed curve and the real-time wind speed data to confirm that the wind speed is stable and meet the testing requirements.
And 43, calculating the average wind speed value of the measured section after the test is finished as follows:
in the formula:
the average wind speed of the test section is m/s.
And finally, storing the test record. And completing the whole content of the section wind speed test.
The following takes an actual construction project section as an example to illustrate the specific application of the section wind speed testing method in the invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the cross section of the engineering is rectangular, 10m wide and 10m high, and 4 test units are selected for assembly. For each vertical and horizontal section, 10 grids are divided, and the total division is 10 × 10 — 100 grids, and the size of each grid is 1m × 1 m. And the assembly of the wind speed testing device is completed on site according to a scheme, and the probe of the wind speed sensor is ensured to be positioned at the center of each grid and face the windward direction. After the assembly is completed, the data acquisition system is started to debug, and the 4 wind speed sensor arrays in total in the 4 test units are confirmed to be on-line and are transmitted back and displayed. The single acquisition time length is set to be 5 minutes on the acquisition host, and the acquisition interval is set to be 3s once. After the relevant parameters on the acquisition host are set, the test can be started. The test sequence is shown in table 1, 4 test units work simultaneously, and 5 groups are collected.
TABLE 1 wind speed test sequence and parameters for a certain engineering section
The average wind speed at each measurement point is obtained as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 average wind speed at each measurement point
Finally, the average wind speed of the section is 1.72 m/s.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above description of the present invention can be applied to various modifications, equivalent variations or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN119533542A (en) * | 2024-12-10 | 2025-02-28 | 西安工业大学 | A deployable environmental monitoring system device |
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