CN113686770B - Multi-factor acceleration damping test device and method for power cable - Google Patents
Multi-factor acceleration damping test device and method for power cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-factor acceleration damping test device for a power cable, which comprises an operation environment simulation system, a multi-factor cable test loop, an operation state simulation system and a cable performance test system, wherein the operation environment simulation system is used for simulating and generating the environment that a cable operates in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature and immersing, the multi-factor cable test loop is used for placing a cable loop formed by connecting a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths end to end in the environment that the cable operates in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature and immersing, the operation state simulation system is used for carrying out up-flow and pressurization on the cable loop placed in the environment that the cable operates in air, high temperature, high humidity and immersing, simulating the conditions of various loads such as light load, heavy load and overload and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures, and the cable performance test system is used for carrying out insulation, partial discharge and ultra-low frequency dielectric loss periodic performance test on the cable loop under the conditions of various loads such as light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, and carrying out multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the state of the cable operation according to detection parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power cable damping test research, in particular to a device and a method for a multi-factor acceleration damping test of a power cable.
Background
The crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) cable is widely applied to power systems by virtue of the advantages of stable insulating property, simple structure process, small occupied space and the like, and is a neural network of a power transmission and distribution system. In the southern area of China with damp and hot climate, defects and faults caused by the water inlet and damp of the cable are quite common, the safety and stability of power transmission and distribution network are seriously threatened, and great influence is brought to the production and life of people.
The materials and structures in the cable run in complex environments of multi-condition coupling such as electromagnetic fields, temperature fields, force fields, environmental factors and the like, and the safety and stability of the cable running can be affected when any part is damaged. After entering the cable, moisture directly acts on key materials and parts such as XLPE main insulation, metal structures, composite insulation interfaces and the like, so that serious defects and faults such as insulation degradation (water branches, electric branches and the like), insulation breakdown, metal corrosion, interface flashover and the like are caused, and the moisture becomes an important factor for directly inducing and indirectly promoting various cable faults.
At present, the phenomenon of cable wetting frequently occurs in the transmission and distribution network of China, but the researches on the cable wetting reasons, the wetting detection and the wetting recovery technology are not deep enough and lack of systemicity, so that the practical engineering application is difficult to be guided. The reason for the fact is that the cable is complex in structure, severe in operation environment and difficult to track, detect, analyze and study the wetting path of the cable; in addition, the cable wetting phenomenon is difficult to detect in the early stage due to the sensitivity of the current detection apparatus, and thus, serious defects and malfunctions are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-factor acceleration damping test device and method for a power cable, which can truly simulate the damping phenomenon of the cable and carry out comprehensive systematic research.
The invention provides a multi-factor acceleration damping test device for a power cable, which comprises the following components:
the operation environment simulation system is used for simulating and generating an environment in which the cable operates in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
the multi-factor cable test loop is used for placing a cable loop formed by connecting a plurality of sections of new cables with the same length end to end in an environment where the cables run in air, high temperature and high humidity and are immersed in water at high temperature;
the operation state simulation system is used for carrying out up-flow and pressurization on a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature water immersion environment where the cable runs, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and various overload of a cable line and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures;
the cable performance test system is used for carrying out periodic performance detection on insulation, partial discharge and ultralow frequency dielectric loss of a cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, and carrying out multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to detection parameters.
Preferably, the multi-factor cable test loop comprises:
the pressurizing device is connected with the power supply and is used for increasing the voltage and transmitting the voltage to a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths which are connected end to end;
the current rising device is connected with the power supply and is used for rising and transmitting current to a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths which are connected end to end;
the novel multi-section equal-length cable connected end to end comprises a cable section with two ends immersed in water, an endogenous wetted cable section, an untreated cable section, a cable section with a damaged body immersed in water, a cable section with a complete body immersed in water and a cable section with an intermediate joint immersed in water.
Preferably, the cable performance test system comprises:
the insulation resistance test system is used for detecting the insulation periodic performance of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
the ultra-low frequency dielectric loss test system is used for carrying out the periodic performance detection of ultra-low frequency dielectric loss on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
the partial discharge test system is used for detecting the periodic performance of partial discharge of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
and the operation environment monitoring system is used for comprehensively describing the operation state of the cable according to the multi-characteristic parameters.
Preferably, the cable performance test system further comprises:
the sensor monitoring system is used for detecting the temperatures of the cable conductor, the terminal and the outer sheath.
Preferably, the running environment simulation system further comprises: dyes for detection and tracking of the cable's wetted path are added to the liquid simulating the production environment.
The invention also provides a multi-factor acceleration damping test method for the power cable, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, simulating and generating an environment in which a cable runs in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
s2, placing a cable loop formed by connecting a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths end to end in an environment where the cables run in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
s3, carrying out upflow and pressurization on a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature soaking environment of the cable, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload of a cable line and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures;
s4, performing periodic performance detection on insulation, partial discharge and ultralow frequency dielectric loss of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, and performing multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to detection parameters.
Preferably, the step S3 includes the steps of:
s3-1, in the process of adding current and heating, setting a current value according to temperature and time for a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature soaking environment in which the cable runs, so that the temperature of the cable conductor is raised to 5-10 ℃ higher than the highest temperature in normal running;
s3-2, after the temperature reaches a set value, setting a current value to enable the temperature to be kept at a preset temperature value within a preset time, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload of the cable line;
s3-4, pressurizing and cooling, disconnecting the current source to naturally cool the cable to a preset temperature value, applying a preset voltage in the whole process to simulate the electric field distribution of the cable insulating material and structure, and returning to the step S3-1 to perform a preset periodic cycle.
Preferably, the step S4 includes the steps of:
s4-1, detecting insulation periodic performance of a cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
s4-2, carrying out ultra-low frequency dielectric loss periodic performance detection on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
s4-3, detecting periodic performance of partial discharge of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
s4-4, carrying out multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to the detection parameters.
Preferably, the step S4 further includes detecting the temperature of the cable conductor, the terminal, and the outer sheath.
Preferably, the method further comprises adding a dye for detecting and tracking the wetting path of the cable to the liquid simulating the generating environment.
According to the invention, through carrying out upflow and pressurization on the cable loop which is placed in the environment of air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature immersion of the cable, the conditions of light load, heavy load and various loads of overload of a cable line and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures are simulated, the working environment of the cable in reality can be effectively simulated, the test cable is more fully exposed in various environments, and the coverage rate of detection projects can be improved; and because the cable loop arranged in the environment of air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature soaking is subjected to current rising and pressurization, the temperature of a cable conductor is raised in the current rising process, the conditions of light load, heavy load and various overload of a cable line are simulated, the electric field distribution of cable insulating materials and structures can be simulated in the pressurization process, then the cable loop can be subjected to periodic performance detection of insulation, partial discharge and ultralow frequency dielectric loss, and the running state of the cable is comprehensively described according to the detection parameters, so that the cable wetting reason can be deeply and systematically researched, and a substantial guiding effect is provided for later actual engineering application.
Further advantages can be obtained in a further preferred embodiment: for example: in order to solve the problems that the wetting path of the cable is difficult to track and the wetting process is not clear enough, dyes such as methylene blue and the like are added in the liquid environment of the cable operation so as to detect and track the wetting path of the cable. In the multi-period immersion test of the cable, the dye can enter and be stored in the cable along with moisture, the distribution range and the coverage concentration of the dye are identified through image processing, the water inlet and wetting process of the cable can be repeated, the visual research on the water inlet ways of normal and different defective cables is completed, and the water inlet ways and the distribution characteristics of key parts such as middle joints and terminal heads are researched.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-factor accelerated damping test device for a power cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-factor cable test loop according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable performance test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a multi-factor accelerated damping test method for a power cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the condition setting condition of each test period according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-factor accelerated wetting test device for power cables, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the device including an operating environment simulation system for simulating an environment in which a generating cable operates in air, high temperature and high humidity, and high temperature water, wherein dyes for detecting and tracking a wetting path of the cable are added to a liquid simulating the generating environment;
the multi-factor cable test loop is used for placing a cable loop formed by connecting a plurality of sections of new cables with the same length end to end in an environment where the cables run in air, high temperature and high humidity and are immersed in water at high temperature;
the operation state simulation system is used for carrying out up-flow and pressurization on a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature water immersion environment where the cable runs, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and various overload of a cable line and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures;
the cable performance test system is used for carrying out periodic performance detection on insulation, partial discharge and ultralow frequency dielectric loss of a cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, and carrying out multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to detection parameters.
The operation environment simulation system mainly comprises air and a water tank, the water tank is used for creating a liquid environment, the system can simulate cable operation environments such as air, high temperature and high humidity, high temperature soaking and the like, and the cable damp condition and characteristics under different environments are researched.
The multi-factor cable test loop comprises a pressurizing device, a current rising device, a power supply, a multi-section equal-length new cable, an intermediate joint equal-length new cable and a multi-section equal-length new cable, wherein the pressurizing device is connected with the power supply and used for increasing and transmitting voltage to the multi-section equal-length new cable connected end to end, the multi-section equal-length new cable connected end to end is used for rising and transmitting current to the multi-section equal-length new cable connected end to end, and the multi-section equal-length new cable comprises a cable section with two ends immersed in water, a cable section with endogenous moisture, an untreated cable section, a cable section with a damaged body immersed in water, a cable section with a whole body immersed in water, and a cable section with an intermediate joint immersed in water, as shown in fig. 2. Each section of cable can manually simulate the defects of the cable in the construction and operation processes and operate in a soaking way, and the cable wetting condition and characteristics under multiple factors are compared and analyzed. The multi-factor cable test loop defect setting mode is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As shown in fig. 3, the cable performance test system includes an insulation resistance test system for performing insulation periodic performance detection on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, an ultralow frequency dielectric loss test system for performing ultralow frequency dielectric loss periodic performance detection on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, a partial discharge test system for performing partial discharge periodic performance detection on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, a sensor monitoring system for detecting temperatures of cable conductors, terminals and outer jackets, and an operation environment monitoring system for comprehensively describing the operation state of the cable according to the detection parameters.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a multi-factor accelerated damping test method for a power cable according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the following steps:
s1, simulating and generating an environment in which a cable runs in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
s2, placing a cable loop formed by connecting a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths end to end in an environment where the cables run in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
s3, carrying out upflow and pressurization on a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature soaking environment of the cable, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload of a cable line and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures;
s4, performing periodic performance detection on insulation, partial discharge and ultralow frequency dielectric loss of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, and performing multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to detection parameters.
Step S3 comprises the steps of: s3-1, in the process of adding current and heating, setting a current value according to temperature and time for a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature soaking environment in which the cable runs, so that the temperature of the cable conductor is raised to 5-10 ℃ higher than the highest temperature in normal running; s3-2, after the temperature reaches a set value, setting a current value to enable the temperature to be kept at a preset temperature value within a preset time, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload of the cable line; s3-4, pressurizing and cooling, disconnecting the current source to naturally cool the cable to a preset temperature value, applying a preset voltage in the whole process to simulate the electric field distribution of the cable insulating material and structure, and returning to the step S3-1 to perform a preset periodic cycle.
Step S4 comprises the steps of: s4-1, detecting insulation periodic performance of a cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution; s4-2, carrying out ultra-low frequency dielectric loss periodic performance detection on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution; s4-3, detecting periodic performance of partial discharge of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution; s4-4, carrying out multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to the detection parameters.
The step S4 further includes detecting the temperature of the cable conductor, the terminal and the outer sheath.
Further comprising adding a dye for detection and tracking of the cable's wetted path to the liquid simulating the production environment.
The power cable is in accelerated damping test, the damping process of the cable is directly related to respiration, condensation and the like caused by load change, and the platform can be divided into three stages by setting a multi-period constant-voltage load cycle test, wherein the condition setting condition of each test period is shown in figure 5. The first stage is a current-adding and temperature-raising process, and a cable loop current setting value (the numerical value is set by combining the temperature and time conditions) enables a cable conductor to be raised to be 5-10 ℃ higher than the highest temperature in normal operation (the XLPE cable is 95-100 ℃); the second stage is a temperature maintaining stage, and after the temperature reaches a set range, the current is set to maintain the temperature in a limited range (95-100 ℃) for more than 2 hours; the third stage is pressurizing and cooling process, the current source is disconnected to naturally cool the cable to within 10 ℃ of the ambient temperature, and the voltage is applied for 2.5U in the whole course 0 Simulating the electric field distribution. The multi-cycle test promotes load cycle change, aggravates respiration and condensation, and accelerates the wetting process of the cable.
In order to solve the difficult problems that the wetting path of the cable is difficult to track and the wetting process is not clear enough, dyes such as methylene blue are added in the liquid environment of the cable operation so as to detect and track the wetting path of the cable. In the multi-period immersion test of the cable, dye can enter and be stored in the cable along with moisture, the distribution range and the coverage concentration of the dye are identified through an image processing mode, the water inlet and wetting process of the cable can be repeated, the visual research on the water inlet ways of normal and different defective cables is completed, and the water inlet ways and the distribution characteristics of key parts such as middle joints and terminal heads are researched.
In order to recover the insulation performance of the wet cable and prolong the service life of the cable, it is necessary to research the recovery technology of the wet cable. The cable with various damp modes and damp degrees is simulated through an accelerated damp test, the damp cable is recovered by combining a vacuum precipitation method, a dry nitrogen method, a heating evaporation method and the like, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are compared, the correlation of important parameters such as the vacuum degree, the temperature, the time and the like with the cable length and the damp degree is researched, and the damp cable recovery technology with application value is explored.
In the existing research, researchers mostly adopt cables after faults as research objects, but the number of the fault cables is small, the accident is strong, and the general fault development rule is hard to represent. The invention can test the fault characteristics (such as flashover and breakdown) of a large number of damped cables by damping the cables under various factors and various environments, so as to explore the fault performance, development paths and important characteristics of the cables under various damped modes, and establish a damped cable fault characteristic database, thereby having important guiding significance for practical application of cable lines.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a power cable multifactor test device that wets with higher speed which characterized in that includes:
the operation environment simulation system is used for simulating and generating an environment in which the cable operates in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
the multi-factor cable test loop is used for placing a cable loop formed by connecting a plurality of sections of new cables with the same length end to end in an environment where the cables run in air, high temperature and high humidity and are immersed in water at high temperature;
the operation state simulation system is used for carrying out up-flow and pressurization on a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature water immersion environment where the cable runs, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and various overload of a cable line and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures;
the cable performance test system is used for carrying out periodic performance detection on insulation, partial discharge and ultralow frequency dielectric loss of a cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, and carrying out multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to detection parameters;
the novel multi-section equal-length cable formed by connecting the head and the tail comprises a cable section with two ends immersed in water, an endogenous wet cable section, an untreated cable section, a cable section with a damaged body immersed in water, a cable section with a complete body immersed in water and a cable section with an intermediate joint immersed in water; therefore, the fault characteristic test of various factors and the cable wetting under various environments is carried out on the novel cables with the same length, the fault performance, development paths and important characteristics of the cables under various wetting modes are explored, and a damped cable fault characteristic database is established;
the operating environment simulation system further includes: dyes for detecting and tracking the cable wetting paths are added into the liquid in the simulated generation environment, so that visual research on the water inlet paths of normal and different defective cables is realized, and the water inlet paths and the distribution characteristics of key parts of the middle joint and the terminal are researched.
2. The power cable multifactor accelerated wetting test device of claim 1, wherein the multifactor cable test loop comprises:
the pressurizing device is connected with the power supply and is used for increasing the voltage and transmitting the voltage to a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths which are connected end to end;
the current rising device is connected with a power supply and used for rising and transmitting current to a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths which are connected end to end.
3. The power cable multifactor accelerated wetness testing device of claim 1, wherein the cable performance testing system comprises:
the insulation resistance test system is used for detecting the insulation periodic performance of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
the ultra-low frequency dielectric loss test system is used for carrying out the periodic performance detection of ultra-low frequency dielectric loss on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
the partial discharge test system is used for detecting the periodic performance of partial discharge of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
and the operation environment monitoring system is used for comprehensively describing the operation state of the cable according to the multi-characteristic parameters.
4. The power cable multifactor accelerated wetness testing device of claim 3, wherein the cable performance testing system further comprises:
the sensor monitoring system is used for detecting the temperatures of the cable conductor, the terminal and the outer sheath.
5. The multi-factor acceleration damping test method for the power cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, simulating and generating an environment in which a cable runs in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
s2, placing a cable loop formed by connecting a plurality of sections of new cables with equal lengths end to end in an environment where the cables run in air, high temperature, high humidity and high temperature water immersion;
s3, carrying out upflow and pressurization on a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature soaking environment of the cable, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload of a cable line and the electric field distribution of cable insulation materials and structures;
s4, performing periodic performance detection on insulation, partial discharge and ultralow frequency dielectric loss of a cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution, and performing multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to detection parameters;
in step S2, the new cable with the same length and formed by connecting the ends of the cable comprises a cable section with two ends immersed in water, an endogenous wetted cable section, an untreated cable section, a cable section with a damaged body immersed in water, a cable section with a complete body immersed in water, and a cable section with an intermediate joint immersed in water; therefore, the fault characteristic test of various factors and the cable wetting under various environments is carried out on the novel cables with the same length, the fault performance, development paths and important characteristics of the cables under various wetting modes are explored, and a damped cable fault characteristic database is established;
step S3 further includes: dyes for detecting and tracking the wetting paths of the cables are added into the liquid in the air, high-temperature high-humidity and high-temperature water immersion environments, so that visual research on the water inlet paths of normal and different defective cables is realized, and the water inlet paths and the distribution characteristics of key parts of the middle joint and the terminal are researched.
6. The multi-factor accelerated moisture test method of a power cable of claim 5, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of:
s3-1, in the process of adding current and heating, setting a current value according to temperature and time for a cable loop arranged in an air, high-temperature, high-humidity and high-temperature soaking environment in which the cable runs, so that the temperature of the cable conductor is raised to 5-10 ℃ higher than the highest temperature in normal running;
s3-2, after the temperature reaches a set value, setting a current value to enable the temperature to be kept at a preset temperature value within a preset time, and simulating the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload of the cable line;
s3-4, pressurizing and cooling, disconnecting the current source to naturally cool the cable to a preset temperature value, applying a preset voltage in the whole process to simulate the electric field distribution of the cable insulating material and structure, and returning to the step S3-1 to perform a preset periodic cycle.
7. The method for multi-factor accelerated moisture test of a power cable of claim 5, wherein step S4 comprises the steps of:
s4-1, detecting insulation periodic performance of a cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
s4-2, carrying out ultra-low frequency dielectric loss periodic performance detection on the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
s4-3, detecting periodic performance of partial discharge of the cable loop under the conditions of light load, heavy load and overload and electric field distribution;
s4-4, carrying out multi-characteristic parameter comprehensive description on the running state of the cable according to the detection parameters.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step S4 further comprises detecting the temperature of the cable conductor, the terminal, and the outer sheath.
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| CN112858853A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-28 | 广东工业大学 | Method for testing and detecting moisture degree of vehicle-mounted EPR cable in acidic environment |
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2021
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| CN112526292A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-19 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Distribution cable operation quality examination and test platform |
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