CN113685300A - Cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method - Google Patents

Cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113685300A
CN113685300A CN202011068593.7A CN202011068593A CN113685300A CN 113685300 A CN113685300 A CN 113685300A CN 202011068593 A CN202011068593 A CN 202011068593A CN 113685300 A CN113685300 A CN 113685300A
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China
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thermoelectric generator
engine
oil
radiator
exhaust gas
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Chinese (zh)
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陈锐
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Guangdong Carbon Neutrality Research Institute Co ltd
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Ordos Guoke Energy Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011068593.7A priority Critical patent/CN113685300A/en
Publication of CN113685300A publication Critical patent/CN113685300A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/16—Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/03—Mounting or connecting of lubricant purifying means relative to the machine or engine; Details of lubricant purifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F01M5/002—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F01M5/005—Controlling temperature of lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F01M5/02—Conditioning lubricant for aiding engine starting, e.g. heating
    • F01M5/021—Conditioning lubricant for aiding engine starting, e.g. heating by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/10—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of engine coolants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system which comprises an engine, a thermoelectric generator and a battery, wherein the engine is provided with a waste gas outlet, an engine oil outlet and an engine oil inlet, the thermoelectric generator is connected with the battery, the waste gas outlet is connected with the thermoelectric generator through a waste gas pipeline, and the engine oil outlet, the thermoelectric generator and the engine oil inlet are sequentially connected through an engine oil circulating pipeline. The invention also provides a method for cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery by using the system. The cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method can enable the engine to be rapidly cold started, and can carry out efficient energy recovery, energy conservation and emission reduction.

Description

Cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method, in particular to an engine cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method.
Background
Faced with increasingly international CO2Emissions requirements and regulations, improving fuel economy have increasingly become an important goal sought by automotive manufacturers. Most conventional vehicles in the transportation industry today are powered by an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE).
According to a typical energy flow path of an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), approximately one-third of the energy is discharged through the exhaust flow, while nearly one-third of the energy is removed by the engine coolant to maintain acceptable mechanical strength of all components of the engine. However, during cold start, the engine requires external heat energy to assist combustion, thereby preheating the lubricant and coolant, thereby reducing friction losses and fuel consumption. Quick and effective cold start warm-up is particularly important for modern engine battery hybrid.
Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are solid state energy conversion devices between heat flux (temperature difference) and electrical energy. The thermoelectric generator has a bidirectional characteristic and can work in a power generation mode based on a Seebeck effect (Seebeck effect) or a heating and cooling mode based on a Peltier effect (Peltier effect). Thermoelectric generators have no moving parts and can be used not only as generators, but also as heating or cooling devices. In the energy generating mode, the thermoelectric generator can directly convert a portion of the otherwise wasted thermal energy to electrical energy. In the heating-cooling mode, the thermoelectric generator has a higher coefficient of performance (COP) than conventional liquid cooling techniques, and heat can be released to raise the temperature by applying a voltage across the thermoelectric generator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system which can quickly cold start an engine and can carry out high-efficiency energy recovery; another object of the present invention is to provide a cold start warm-up and waste heat energy recovery method that enables an engine to be quickly cold started and enables efficient energy recovery.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system which comprises an engine, a thermoelectric generator and a battery, wherein the engine is provided with a waste gas outlet, an engine oil outlet and an engine oil inlet, the thermoelectric generator is connected with the battery, the waste gas outlet is connected with the thermoelectric generator through a waste gas pipeline, and the engine oil outlet, the thermoelectric generator and the engine oil inlet are sequentially connected through an engine oil circulating pipeline.
The exhaust gas outlet is used for discharging exhaust gas generated by the engine to an exhaust gas pipeline, and then the exhaust gas is finally discharged into the atmosphere after being processed by a series of devices (such as a thermoelectric generator and the like); the oil outlet and the oil inlet are used for discharging oil in the engine to an oil circulation pipeline and returning the oil to the engine after being processed by a series of devices (such as a thermoelectric generator and the like).
Preferably, the engine is further provided with a coolant outlet and a coolant inlet, and the coolant outlet, the thermoelectric generator and the coolant inlet are sequentially connected through a coolant circulation pipeline; the coolant outlet and coolant inlet are used to discharge coolant from the engine to a coolant circulation circuit and return it to the engine for disposal by a series of devices, such as thermoelectric generators, etc., which are integrated to provide a temperature differential across the thermoelectric generator.
Preferably, the cold-start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system further includes a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) and a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF), and the engine, the DOC, the thermoelectric generator and the DPF are sequentially connected through an exhaust gas pipe.
Preferably, a first three-way valve is further arranged on the exhaust gas pipeline between the exhaust gas outlet and the thermoelectric generator, the thermoelectric generator is provided with a thermoelectric generator exhaust gas inlet and a thermoelectric generator exhaust gas outlet, and the first three-way valve is directly connected with the thermoelectric generator exhaust gas outlet through an exhaust gas bypass pipeline; the first three-way valve can be controlled to enable part or all of the waste gas to flow through the waste gas bypass pipeline, so that the flow of the waste gas in the thermoelectric generator is controlled, the thermoelectric generator is protected from being influenced by high-temperature waste gas, and engine oil overheating is avoided.
Preferably, the cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system further comprises a first radiator, and the engine oil outlet, the first radiator, the thermoelectric generator and the engine oil inlet are sequentially connected through an engine oil circulating pipeline; a second three-way valve is also arranged on the engine oil circulating pipeline between the engine oil outlet and the first radiator, the first radiator is provided with a first radiator inlet and a first radiator outlet, and the second three-way valve is directly connected with the first radiator outlet through an engine oil bypass pipeline; the engine oil circulation pipeline is also provided with an oil pump and an engine oil filter, and the engine oil outlet, the engine oil filter and the thermoelectric generator are sequentially connected; the first radiator is used for cooling the overheated engine oil in a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) mode; the second three-way valve is controlled to enable part or all of the engine oil to flow through the engine oil bypass pipeline instead of the first radiator under the condition that the engine oil does not need to be radiated or a small amount of engine oil is radiated, and therefore the temperature of the engine oil is flexibly controlled.
Preferably, the cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system further comprises a second radiator, and the coolant outlet, the thermoelectric generator, the second radiator and the coolant inlet are sequentially connected through a coolant circulation pipeline; a third three-way valve is also arranged on a coolant circulating pipeline between the thermoelectric generator and the second radiator, the second radiator is provided with a second radiator inlet and a second radiator outlet, and the third three-way valve is directly connected with the second radiator outlet through a coolant bypass pipeline; a coolant circulating pump is also arranged on the coolant circulating pipeline; the second radiator is used for cooling the coolant in a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) mode; the coolant temperature can be flexibly controlled by controlling the third three-way valve to allow part or all of the coolant to flow through the coolant bypass line without flowing through the second radiator, without requiring heat dissipation from the coolant or with little heat dissipation from the coolant.
Preferably, the cold-start preheating and Waste Heat energy Recovery system further includes a controller and an Engine temperature sensor, the controller receives signals from the Engine temperature sensor, the thermoelectric generator, the battery, the first radiator, the second radiator, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve and the third three-way valve, and the controller receives signals from the Engine temperature sensor and controls the thermoelectric generator, the battery, the first radiator, the second radiator, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve and the third three-way valve to implement an Engine Warm-Up (EWP) mode and a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) mode of the cold-start preheating and Waste Heat energy Recovery system.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery using the above cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system, comprising the following steps in mode one (engine preheating mode) or mode two (waste heat recovery mode):
the first mode is as follows: when the engine is in cold start, the battery supplies power to the thermoelectric generator, waste gas and engine oil generated by the engine flow through the thermoelectric generator, the thermoelectric generator extracts energy of the waste gas and heats the engine oil based on Peltier effect, and the heated engine oil returns to the engine through the engine oil circulation pipeline;
and a second mode: when the engine reaches an optimal operating temperature, the battery is powered down, the exhaust gas generated by the engine is made to flow through a thermoelectric generator, the thermoelectric generator converts a portion of the exhaust gas heat into electric energy based on the Seebeck effect (Seebeck effect), and the regenerated electric energy is converted by a DC-DC converter to adapt to the electrical system of the vehicle (for example, to charge the battery).
And the controller receives an engine temperature signal and controls the cold-start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system to operate in the first mode or the second mode.
When the engine is in cold start, the second three-way valve is controlled to prevent the engine oil from flowing through the first radiator;
when the engine reaches or exceeds the optimal working temperature, the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine flows through the thermoelectric generator by controlling the first three-way valve, and the thermoelectric generator converts part of the heat of the exhaust gas into electric energy; the coolant is caused to remove another portion of the exhaust heat and is caused to flow through the second radiator by controlling the third three-way valve.
The above-mentioned "connected" may be either directly connected through a pipeline or indirectly connected through a pipeline or other devices/apparatuses, unless otherwise specified as "directly connected"; the above-mentioned "directly connected" means directly connected by a pipe.
Has the advantages that: the cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method can enable the engine to be rapidly cold started, and can carry out efficient energy recovery, energy conservation and emission reduction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system.
Reference numerals in fig. 1 denote:
1-an engine; 2-a thermoelectric generator; 3-a battery; 4-a first three-way valve; 5-a diesel oxidation catalyst; 6-diesel particulate filter; 7-a first heat sink; 8-a second three-way valve; 9-an oil pump; 10-an oil filter; 11-a second heat sink; 12-a third three-way valve; 13-coolant circulation pump; 14-exhaust gas line; 15-an exhaust gas bypass line; 16-an engine oil circulation line; 17-an engine oil bypass line; 18-coolant circulation line; 19-coolant bypass line.
The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of fluid flow or current flow.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description gives some specific details to facilitate understanding of the invention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present teachings may be practiced without these specific details. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to scale. Techniques known to those skilled in the art may not be described in detail herein, but should be considered part of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, a cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system includes an engine 1, a thermoelectric generator (TEG)2, a battery 3, a first three-way valve 4, a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)5, a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)6, a first radiator 7, a second three-way valve 8, an oil pump 9, an oil filter 10, a second radiator 11, a third three-way valve 12, and a coolant circulation pump 13.
The engine 1 is provided with an exhaust gas outlet, an engine oil inlet, a coolant outlet, and a coolant inlet. The thermoelectric generator 2 is electrically coupled with the battery 3. The exhaust gas outlet, the diesel oxidation catalyst 5, the first three-way valve 4, the thermoelectric generator 2, and the diesel particulate filter 6 are connected in order in the exhaust gas flow direction through an exhaust gas pipe 14 to form an exhaust gas discharge path. An exhaust gas outlet of the engine 1 is used to discharge exhaust gas generated by the engine 1 to an exhaust gas discharge path, and is finally discharged to the atmosphere through the treatment of the diesel oxidation catalyst 5, the thermoelectric generator 2, and the diesel particulate filter 6. The first three-way valve 4 is directly connected to the exhaust gas line 14 between the thermoelectric generator 2 and the diesel particulate filter 6 through an exhaust gas bypass line 15, and a part or all of the exhaust gas can flow through the exhaust gas bypass line 15 by controlling the first three-way valve 4, so that the flow rate of the exhaust gas in the thermoelectric generator 2 is controlled, the thermoelectric generator 2 is protected from the high-temperature exhaust gas, and the engine oil of the engine 1 is prevented from overheating.
The engine oil outlet, the oil pump 9, the engine oil filter 10, the second three-way valve 8, the first radiator 7, the thermoelectric generator 2 and the engine oil inlet are sequentially connected through an engine oil circulation pipeline 16 along the engine oil flowing direction to form an engine oil circulation loop. The oil outlet and the oil inlet are used for discharging the oil in the engine 1 to the oil circulation line 16, and the oil is returned to the engine 1 after passing through the oil filter 10, the first radiator 7 and the thermoelectric generator 2. The second three-way valve 8 is directly connected to an oil circulation line 16 between the first radiator 7 and the thermoelectric generator 2 through an oil bypass line 17. The first radiator 7 is used for cooling the overheated engine oil in a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) mode; the temperature of the engine oil can be flexibly controlled by controlling the second three-way valve 8 to allow part or all of the engine oil to flow through the engine oil bypass line 17 without flowing through the first radiator 7 under the condition that the engine oil does not need to be radiated or the engine oil is radiated a little.
The coolant outlet, the thermoelectric generator 2, the third three-way valve 12, the second radiator 11, the coolant circulation pump 13, and the coolant inlet are connected in sequence through a coolant circulation line 18 to form a coolant circulation loop. The coolant outlet and the coolant inlet are used to discharge the coolant in the engine 1 to the coolant circulation line 18, and are returned to the engine 1 after being processed by the thermoelectric generator 2 and the like. The third three-way valve 12 is directly connected to a coolant circulation line 18 between the second radiator 11 and the coolant circulation pump 13 through a coolant bypass line 19. The second radiator 11 is used to cool the coolant in a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) mode; the coolant temperature can be flexibly controlled by controlling the third three-way valve 12 to allow part or all of the coolant to flow through the coolant bypass line 19 without flowing through the second radiator 11 without requiring heat dissipation from the coolant or with little heat dissipation from the coolant.
The cold-start preheating and Waste Heat energy Recovery system further comprises a controller and an Engine temperature sensor (not shown in the figure), wherein the controller is respectively connected with the Engine temperature sensor, the thermoelectric generator 2, the battery 3, the first radiator 7, the second radiator 11, the first three-way valve 4, the second three-way valve 8 and the third three-way valve 12, the controller receives a signal from the Engine 1 temperature sensor, and the Engine preheating (Engine Warm-Up, EWP) mode and the Waste Heat energy Recovery (water Heat Recovery, WHR) mode of the cold-start preheating and Waste Heat energy Recovery system are realized by controlling the thermoelectric generator 2, the battery 3, the first radiator 7, the second radiator 11, the first three-way valve 4, the second three-way valve 8 and the third three-way valve 12.
The method for cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery by using the cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system comprises the following steps:
when the Engine 1 is in cold start, the cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system starts an Engine preheating (EWP) mode, and Engine oil circulates in an Engine oil circulation loop under the action of an oil pump 9 and flows through the thermoelectric generator 2; the battery 3 supplies power to the thermoelectric generator 2, exhaust gas generated by the engine 1 flows through the diesel oxidation catalyst 5, the first three-way valve 4, the thermoelectric generator 2 and the diesel particulate filter 6 in sequence, the thermoelectric generator 2 extracts energy of the exhaust gas and heats engine oil based on the Peltier effect, and the heated engine oil returns to the engine 1 through the engine oil circulation line 16.
When the engine 1 reaches an optimal operating temperature, the cold-start preheating and Waste Heat energy Recovery system starts a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) mode to stop the power supply of the battery 3, exhaust gas generated by the engine 1 flows through the thermoelectric generator 2, the thermoelectric generator 2 converts a part of the Heat of the exhaust gas into electric energy based on Seebeck effect, and the regenerated electric energy is converted by the DC-DC converter to be adapted to an electric system of the vehicle (for example, to charge the battery 3); it is also possible to let the coolant flow through the thermoelectric generator 2 under influence of a coolant circulation pump 13, the coolant taking another part of the exhaust gas heat away, and through the second radiator 11 by controlling a third three-way valve 12.
The oil temperature during NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) vehicle testing showed that the maximum oil temperature at baseline (i.e., without the cold start warm-up and waste heat energy recovery system of the present invention) could only reach 88 c, about 10 c below the optimum temperature. After the cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system is arranged (other conditions are the same as the baseline), the TEG in the EWP mode extracts waste gas energy and heats the engine oil based on the Peltier effect, so that the preheating of the engine oil at the beginning of the NEDC is accelerated, the engine oil temperature in the first 100s is increased by about 7 ℃ relative to the engine oil temperature of the baseline under the thermoelectric generator-engine preheating-waste heat recovery (TEG-EWP-WHR) scene, the preheating time (697s) when the engine oil temperature reaches 88 ℃ is reduced by 38 percent relative to the baseline (1128s), and the engine oil reaches the optimal engine oil temperature (100 ℃) when the engine oil reaches 868s under the TEG-EWP-WHR scene.
In the TEG-EWP-WHR scenario, the TEG generates about 50W of power in the urban driving cycle (0 s-780 s), which results in relatively less heat energy being generated by the engine due to frequent stops in the urban cycle. In suburban cycle conditions (780 s-1180 s), the power output increases, and when the vehicle is continuously running at high speed, the maximum generated power is 153W. The total regenerative power of TEG-WHR scenario in NEDC is about 1.95 × 104J。

Claims (10)

1.一种冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统，其特征在于，该系统包括发动机、热电发生器和电池，所述发动机设置有废气出口、机油出口和机油入口，所述热电发生器和所述电池相连，所述废气出口和所述热电发生器通过废气管路相连，所述机油出口、热电发生器和机油入口通过机油循环管路依次相连。1. A cold-start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system, characterized in that the system comprises an engine, a thermoelectric generator and a battery, the engine is provided with an exhaust gas outlet, an oil outlet and an oil inlet, the thermoelectric generator and all The battery is connected, the exhaust gas outlet and the thermoelectric generator are connected through an exhaust gas pipeline, and the oil outlet, the thermoelectric generator and the oil inlet are connected in sequence through an oil circulation pipeline. 2.根据权利要求1所述的冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统，其特征在于，所述发动机还设置有冷却剂出口和冷却剂入口，所述冷却剂出口、热电发生器和冷却剂入口通过冷却剂循环管路依次相连。2. The cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the engine is further provided with a coolant outlet and a coolant inlet, the coolant outlet, the thermoelectric generator and the coolant inlet They are connected in sequence through the coolant circulation pipeline. 3.根据权利要求1所述的冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统，其特征在于，该系统还包括柴油机氧化催化器和柴油机微粒过滤器，所述发动机、柴油机氧化催化器、热电发生器和柴油机微粒过滤器通过废气管路依次相连；所述废气出口和所述热电发生器之间的废气管路上还设置有第一三向阀，所述热电发生器设置有热电发生器废气入口和热电发生器废气出口，所述第一三向阀与所述热电发生器废气出口通过废气旁路管路直接相连。3. cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this system also comprises diesel engine oxidation catalyst and diesel engine particulate filter, described engine, diesel engine oxidation catalyst, thermoelectric generator and The diesel particulate filters are connected in sequence through the exhaust gas pipeline; the exhaust gas pipeline between the exhaust gas outlet and the thermoelectric generator is also provided with a first three-way valve, and the thermoelectric generator is provided with a thermoelectric generator exhaust gas inlet and a thermoelectric generator. The generator exhaust gas outlet, the first three-way valve is directly connected with the thermoelectric generator exhaust gas outlet through the exhaust gas bypass pipeline. 4.根据权利要求1所述的冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统，其特征在于，该系统还包括第一散热器，所述机油出口、第一散热器、热电发生器和机油入口通过机油循环管路依次相连；所述机油出口和所述第一散热器之间的机油循环管路上还设置有第二三向阀，所述第一散热器设置有第一散热器入口和第一散热器出口，所述第二三向阀与所述第一散热器出口通过机油旁路管路直接相连；所述机油循环管路上还设置有油泵和机油滤清器，所述机油出口、机油滤清器和热电发生器依次相连。4 . The cold-start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system according to claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a first radiator, and the oil outlet, the first radiator, the thermoelectric generator and the oil inlet pass through the oil. 5 . The circulation pipelines are connected in sequence; the oil circulation pipeline between the oil outlet and the first radiator is also provided with a second three-way valve, and the first radiator is provided with a first radiator inlet and a first radiator The second three-way valve is directly connected to the first radiator outlet through the oil bypass pipeline; the oil circulation pipeline is also provided with an oil pump and an oil filter, the oil outlet, the oil filter The cleaner and the thermoelectric generator are connected in turn. 5.根据权利要求2所述的冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统，其特征在于，该系统还包括第二散热器，所述冷却剂出口、热电发生器、第二散热器和冷却剂入口通过冷却剂循环管路依次相连；所述热电发生器和所述第二散热器之间的冷却剂循环管路上还设置有第三三向阀，所述第二散热器设置有第二散热器入口和第二散热器出口，所述第三三向阀与所述第二散热器出口通过冷却剂旁路管路直接相连；所述冷却剂循环管路上还设置有冷却剂循环泵。5 . The cold-start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system of claim 2 , wherein the system further comprises a second radiator, the coolant outlet, the thermoelectric generator, the second radiator and the coolant inlet. 6 . The coolant circulation pipeline is connected in sequence; the coolant circulation pipeline between the thermoelectric generator and the second radiator is also provided with a third three-way valve, and the second radiator is provided with a second radiator The inlet and the second radiator outlet, the third three-way valve and the second radiator outlet are directly connected through a coolant bypass line; a coolant circulation pump is also arranged on the coolant circulation line. 6.根据权利要求4或5所述的冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统，其特征在于，该系统还包括控制器和发动机温度传感器，所述控制器与所述发动机温度传感器、热电发生器、电池和散热器分别相连。6. The cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the system further comprises a controller and an engine temperature sensor, the controller and the engine temperature sensor, the thermoelectric generator , the battery and the radiator are respectively connected. 7.一种使用权利要求1～6中任意一项所述的冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统进行冷启动预热及废热能量回收的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下模式一或模式二的步骤：7. A method for cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery using the cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the method comprises the following mode one or mode Two steps: 模式一：当发动机进行冷启动时，使所述电池为所述热电发生器供电，发动机产生的废气和机油流经所述热电发生器，所述热电发生器提取废气能量并加热机油，被加热的机油通过机油循环管路回到发动机；Mode 1: When the engine is cold started, the battery is used to power the thermoelectric generator, the exhaust gas and oil generated by the engine flow through the thermoelectric generator, and the thermoelectric generator extracts the energy of the exhaust gas and heats the oil, which is heated The oil is returned to the engine through the oil circulation line; 模式二：当发动机达到或超过最佳工作温度时，使所述电池停止供电，使发动机产生的废气流经所述热电发生器，所述热电发生器将废气热量的一部分转化为电能。Mode 2: When the engine reaches or exceeds the optimal working temperature, the battery is stopped to supply power, and the exhaust gas generated by the engine flows through the thermoelectric generator, which converts a part of the heat of the exhaust gas into electrical energy. 8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，控制器接收发动机温度信号，控制所述冷启动预热及废热能量回收系统在模式一或模式二下运行。8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the controller receives the engine temperature signal and controls the cold start warm-up and waste heat energy recovery system to operate in mode one or mode two. 9 . 9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，当发动机进行冷启动时，通过控制第二三向阀使机油不流经第一散热器。9 . The method of claim 7 , wherein when the engine is cold-started, the second three-way valve is controlled so that the oil does not flow through the first radiator. 10 . 10.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，当发动机达到最佳工作温度时，通过控制第一三向阀使内燃机产生的废气流经热电发生器，热电发生器将废气热量的一部分转化为电能；使冷却剂将废气热量的另一部分带走，并通过控制第三三向阀使冷却剂流经第二散热器。10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, when the engine reaches the optimum working temperature, the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine flows through the thermoelectric generator by controlling the first three-way valve, and the thermoelectric generator converts a part of the heat of the exhaust gas. Converted into electricity; make the coolant take away another part of the heat of the exhaust gas, and make the coolant flow through the second radiator by controlling the third three-way valve.
CN202011068593.7A 2020-10-05 2020-10-05 Cold start preheating and waste heat energy recovery system and method Pending CN113685300A (en)

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