CN113684351A

CN113684351A - Roller type quenching equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113684351A
Application number: CN202110821526.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩向楠; 眭文杰; 亓海全; 刘阳; 李天然; 李传文; 刘安奇
Original assignee: Guilin University of Technology
Current assignee: Guilin University of Technology
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2021-11-23

Abstract

The invention provides a method for quenching by using metal as a cooling medium and a roller type quenching device. The method comprises the following steps: the quenching device is characterized in that metal with good heat conductivity is adopted to be made into a shape matched with the shape of a workpiece, a gap is reserved between metal cooling media to convey a second type of cooling media, so that the metal cooling media directly contact with the surface of the workpiece, and the workpiece is sufficiently and effectively and rapidly cooled under the passing action of the metal cooling media and the second type of cooling media, so that the quenching effect is realized. The device and the method can quickly and effectively realize quenching (solution) heat treatment of workpieces made of different materials, and have the advantages of low cost, energy conservation and efficiency improvement.

Description

Roller type quenching equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to roller type quenching equipment.

Background

Quenching of the steel is heating the steel to the critical point AC₃Or AC₁At a certain temperature, the temperature is maintained and then the cooling speed is higher than the critical cooling speedA heat treatment process in which martensite (or lower bainite) is obtained by rapid cooling, and a solution treatment of materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, and titanium alloy, or a heat treatment process with a rapid cooling process is also generally called quenching.

For the quenching process, the cooling speed must be higher than the critical quenching speed for quenching, and the critical quenching speed of workpieces made of different materials is different, so that proper quenching temperature and cooling speed must be selected. In addition, in the quenching heat treatment process of the workpiece, the quenching stress, even deformation or cracking, can be caused by expansion and contraction due to heat and transformation caused by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the workpiece. Therefore, it is important to select quenching medium reasonably, the common quenching medium includes water, salt or alkaline water solution and various mineral oils, etc., and the above quenching media have advantages and disadvantages, but are not ideal cooling media. The cooling capacity of water is great but the cooling characteristic is not good, the cooling characteristic of oil is good but the cooling capacity is low, and the oil is easy to catch fire due to too high temperature. Meanwhile, fixing clamps are required to be arranged on some strip-shaped workpieces during quenching so as to prevent quenching deformation. In the prior art, the quenching of the workpiece is realized, the used cooling medium has high cost and large pollution, and the working environment has certain harm to personnel.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of large quenching water consumption, difficult correction of buckling after quenching, uneven cooling, uneven residual stress distribution, cold machining deformation and the like in the prior art, the invention provides the roller type quenching equipment which can be continuously and uniformly cooled, has high working efficiency, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides roller quenching equipment, which comprises a roller way cooling system, a real-time detection system, a frame adjusting system and a second type cooling medium circulating system, and is characterized in that the roller way cooling system is provided with cooling rollers which are symmetrically arranged up and down, an upper roller way is arranged on a movable upper machine frame, and a lower roller way is arranged on a fixed lower machine frame.

The roll quenching equipment is characterized in that the cooling roll is made of metal with thermal conductivity of more than 80W/(m.K), and comprises copper and copper alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy, silver and silver alloy with good thermal conductivity, and the material can be treated by coating to improve the thermal conductivity. The cooling roller can be solid or hollow, the interior of the cooling roller can be treated by water cooling or not when the cooling roller is hollow, and the water cooling is mainly used for improving the cooling capacity of a metal product cooling medium on a heat treatment workpiece and has better structural strength. When the interior of the roller is hollow, through holes are formed in two sides of the roller, a second cooling medium enters the interior of the roller body from the through hole in one side to exchange heat with the roller body, and then flows out of the roller body through the through hole in the other side, the cooling roller can be further provided with a single or a plurality of working rollers and supporting rollers, and the arrangement number of the roller tables is determined according to process requirements.

The roll quenching equipment is characterized in that each cooling roll is provided with a set of transmission system, the transmission system comprises a transmission gear, a servo motor and an encoder, the drive motor adopts PWM control, the encoder feeds back the actual roll speed in real time and accurately controls the roll speed through closed-loop control, the rotation direction of the cooling roller way can be rapidly adjusted to be positive rotation or negative rotation according to actual needs, and the roll speed adjusting range is 1r/min-1000 r/min.

According to foretell roll quenching equipment, characterized in that real-time supervision system, including temperature and thickness monitoring sensor, infrared proximity sensor etc. install temperature and thickness monitoring sensor in order to obtain the state information of quenching the work piece above getting into the cooling roll table, just can get into the cooling roll table system when satisfying the quenching requirement of settlement, also monitor information such as position, the temperature of work piece in real time in the cooling process, just can be carried to the discharge gate by the cooling roll after cooling to appointed temperature.

According to the above roller quenching equipment, the frame adjusting system comprises a moving rack and a single-shaft driver, the moving rack drives the ball screw to rotate through forward and reverse rotation of a motor in the single-shaft driver so as to move up and down, the pressing amount of the moving rack can be adjusted according to detected information such as temperature and thickness of a workpiece in the cooling process so as to obtain a proper pressure angle, the speed of the moving frame is reduced and adjusted within 0.1-2 mm/s, and the moving range is 0-20 mm.

According to the roller quenching equipment, the second type of cooling medium circulating system comprises a rotary slip ring, a circulating pipeline, a circulating pool, a pump, a flowmeter, a flow divider valve and a regulating valve. One end of the rotary slip ring is connected with the through hole on one side of the cooling roller, the other end of the rotary slip ring is connected with the circulating pipeline, the cooling roller rotates, the circulating pipeline is fixed, a second type of cooling medium stably flows in the cooling roller, each circulating pipeline is provided with a flow meter and an adjusting valve and is connected with a pump machine, then the flow rate of the cooling medium can be controlled in real time, the second type of cooling medium can be water, alkaline water, brine, quenching oil, gas and the like, and the flow rate of the second type of cooling medium can be adjusted between 0.1L/s and 2000L/s.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the final cooling temperature is easy to control. The final cooling temperature is difficult to control by the traditional water quenching, oil quenching and other modes, and the roller quenching can easily control the final cooling temperature only by adjusting the pressure angle between the working roller and the workpiece and the flow of a cooling medium. (2) The cooling speed is fast, and the cooling can be carried out continuously. The comprehensive heat exchange coefficient of the roller quenching equipment can reach 1500-2000kcal/m2. h.DEG C, the cooling speed of the strip-shaped workpiece can reach 100-400 ℃/s, and the process requirements of quenching most workpieces can be met. (3) The plate shape and the surface quality of the workpiece are good. In the process of roller quenching, all parts of the workpiece are uniformly cooled through continuous and stable rapid cooling, and the occurrence of quenching deformation can be inhibited.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus

FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the roll quenching equipment comprises a roller way cooling system, a frame adjusting system and a second type cooling medium circulating system. The cooling rollers of the roller way cooling system are symmetrically arranged up and down along the rack, a feeding plate 1 and a discharging plate 10 are respectively arranged in front of and behind the roller way cooling system, a lower roller way 2 is fixed on a fixed rack 5, an upper roller way 3 is fixed on a movable rack 8, a temperature and thickness detection sensor 4 is arranged on the fixed rack 5, and an infrared proximity sensor (not shown) is arranged below the fixed rack 5 to detect the position of a workpiece in the roller way. The frame adjusting system comprises a moving rack 8, a single-shaft driver 9 and a ball screw, wherein the moving rack 8 is connected with the single-shaft driver 9, the height of the moving rack 8 is automatically adjusted to adapt to workpieces with different thicknesses after the sensor 4 acquires workpiece information, the moving rack drives the ball screw to rotate through forward and reverse rotation of a speed reducing motor so as to move up and down, the speed of the moving rack is reduced and adjusted at 0.1-2 mm/s, and the moving range is 0-20 mm. The second type of cooling medium circulation system includes a rotary slide ring 6, a circulation pipe 7, a circulation tank (not shown), a pump (not shown), a flow meter (not shown), a flow dividing valve (not shown), and a regulating valve (not shown). The cooling rollers 2 and 3 are connected with a circulating pipeline 7, and the flow of a cooling medium is monitored in real time. One end of the rotary slip ring 6 is connected with the through hole on one side of the cooling roller, the other end of the rotary slip ring is connected with the circulating pipeline 7, each circulating pipeline 7 is provided with 1 flow meter, 1 regulating valve, 1 pump, 1 flow divider and 1 regulating valve, and the flow of the cooling medium can be controlled in real time after the rotary slip ring is connected with the circulating pipeline. And each circulation pipeline 7 is provided with a set of transmission system which comprises a servo motor (not shown) and an encoder, wherein the drive motor is controlled by PWM, the encoder feeds back the actual roller speed, the roller speed is accurately controlled by closing control, and the roller speed adjusting range is 1r/min-1000 r/min.

In one embodiment of the invention, the roller quenching device achieves the quenching effect of the workpiece and comprises the following steps:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, before the aluminum plate is taken out of the heat treatment furnace, a main power supply of the roller quenching device is started, the system starts self-checking, after the system self-checking is passed, the distance between the upper cooling roller 3 and the lower cooling roller 2 is adjusted by controlling the movable rack 8 according to the thickness of the workpiece and the requirement of quenching heat treatment, and the pressure angle between the cooling roller and the workpiece can be properly increased for improving the quenching effect so as to reduce the quenching deformation. And then starting a second type cooling medium delivery pump to enable a second type cooling medium to enter the cooling roller, and simultaneously starting a rotation function of the cooling roller and stably circulating for 3-5 min to enable the temperature of the roller way to be consistent with that of the second type cooling medium. And then, placing the workpiece heated to the specified temperature on the feeding plate 1, so that the workpiece can be quenched through the quenching roller way straightly, continuously detecting the surface temperature and the thickness of the workpiece by a temperature and thickness sensor positioned above the feeding hole before entering the quenching roller way, transmitting temperature data to a main control center, comparing the temperature data with a database model, and properly adjusting the rotating speed of the quenching roller and the flow of a second type cooling medium according to a corresponding algorithm. When the workpiece meets the set quenching requirement, the workpiece can enter a cooling roller way, the workpiece is cooled to the last cooling roller in the cooling process and still does not reach the required cooling temperature, then the cooling roller starts a reverse rotation mode, and the workpiece is repeatedly cooled in the roller way until the workpiece reaches the specified temperature. After cooling, the cooling roller conveys the workpiece to the discharge plate 10.

In conclusion, the device and the method can effectively and quickly carry out quenching (solution) heat treatment on the workpiece, can adjust the quenching process parameters according to workpieces of different materials and shapes, have short time and quick period, and are suitable for quick production in factories. Compared with the traditional quenching process, the quenching process by utilizing the metal medium has the advantages of low energy consumption, small pollution and good working environment.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a roll quenching equipment, includes roll table cooling system, real-time detection system, frame governing system, second type cooling medium circulation system, its characterized in that: the roller bed cooling system comprises a plurality of cooling rollers which are arranged in parallel in a double-layer mode; the frame adjusting system comprises a moving rack and a single-shaft driver, the moving rack drives a ball screw to rotate in a positive and negative rotation mode through a motor in the single-shaft driver to achieve up-down movement, and the roller way cooling system is arranged on the moving frame.

2. The roll quenching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling roller is made of metal with the thermal conductivity of more than 80W/(m.K), the cooling roller is hollow, through holes are formed in the two sides of the roller, a second type of cooling medium enters the roller body from the through hole in one side to exchange heat with the roller body, and then flows out of the roller body through the through hole in the other side.

3. The roll quenching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: each cooling roller is provided with a set of transmission system, the transmission system comprises a transmission gear, a servo motor and an encoder, and the drive motor is controlled by PWM.

4. A roll quench apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the encoder feeds back the actual roll speed in real time and accurately controls the roll speed through closed-loop control, the rotation direction of the cooling roller way can be rapidly adjusted to be positive rotation or negative rotation according to actual needs, and the roll speed adjusting range is 1r/min-1000 r/min.

5. The roll quenching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the real-time monitoring system comprises a temperature and thickness monitoring sensor and an infrared proximity sensor.

6. The roll quenching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the second cooling medium circulating system comprises a rotary sliding ring, a circulating pipeline, a circulating pool, a pump machine, a flowmeter, a flow divider and a regulating valve, one end of the rotary sliding ring is connected with the through hole on one side of the cooling roller, the other end of the rotary sliding ring is connected with the circulating pipeline, the cooling roller rotates, the circulating pipeline is fixed, and the second cooling medium stably flows in the cooling roller.

7. The roll quenching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the circulating pipeline is provided with a flowmeter, an adjusting valve and a pump, and the flow adjusting range of the second type of cooling medium is 0.1L/s-2000L/s.