CN113680357B - High-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113680357B
CN113680357B CN202110982926.5A CN202110982926A CN113680357B CN 113680357 B CN113680357 B CN 113680357B CN 202110982926 A CN202110982926 A CN 202110982926A CN 113680357 B CN113680357 B CN 113680357B
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phosphorus
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phosphorus material
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CN113680357A (en
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许并社
张帅
马淑芳
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/14Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/186Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of crystalline phosphorus materials, and particularly relates to a high-activity photocatalyst crystalline phosphorus material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: adding red phosphorus powder and bismuth powder into a closed environment, raising the temperature to above 530 ℃, preserving heat and reacting for 10-200min, and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the crystalline phosphorus material. The invention takes red phosphorus and bismuth as raw materials, and the red phosphorus and the bismuth react in a vacuum environment in a heat treatment manner to generate a stable orange red [ P12 (4) ] P2 product or a stable crystal violet phosphorus material.

Description

High-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of phosphorus material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Single element phosphorus as a two-dimensional material has potential properties for progressive corner opening in a wide range of fields. Elemental phosphorus has a variety of allotropes, with white and red phosphorus in addition to the most pronounced crystalline black phosphorus. The red phosphorus comprises commercial amorphous red phosphorus, and the crystalline red phosphorus material-V comprises three kinds of polymerized red phosphorus respectively: [ P8 ]]P4(4)[,[P10]P2 and [ P12 (4)]P2[. (ref: bachhuber, f., von applied, j., dronskowski, r., schmidt, p., nilges, t., pfitzner, a., and Weihrich, r. (2014), the extended stability range of phosphorus allotropes, angel in Ed Engl 53,11629-11633; bachhuber, f., von applied, j., dronskowski, r., schmidt, p., nilges, t., pfitzner, a., and Weihrich, r. (2015), van der Waals interactions in selected allotropes of phosphinurs, zeitschrilft f r Kristallographie-Crystalline Materials; pfitzner, a., and Freudenthaler, E.J).A.C.(1995a).(CuI)3P12:einmit einer neuartigen, theoretisch vorhergesagten Form des phosphors.107,1784-1786; pfitzner, a., and Freudenthaler, e.j.a.c.i.e. (1995 b.) (CuI) 3P12:A Solid Containing a New Polymer of Phosphorus Predicted by Theory.34,1647-1649; pfitzner, a., and Freudenthaler, e.j.z.f.n.b. (1997), (CuI) 2P14:ein neues Phosphorpolymer in einer Kupferhalogenid-Matrix/(CuI) 2P14:a Novel Phosphorus Polymer in a Copper Halide Matrix.52.) phosphorus of each structure has special properties, such as: black phosphorus has significant anisotropy and high carrier mobility; the anisotropy and the photocatalytic nitrogen fixation characteristics are particularly outstanding for the fiber phosphorus with a parallel tubular structure, and in addition, the perpendicular tubular structure of the purple phosphorus shows excellent performance in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. However, the structure of red phosphorus has not been well characterized due to the difficulty in obtaining the material, let alone the exploration of its properties. Therefore, there is a need to develop a method for stably preparing a crystalline phosphorus material and the use of a red phosphorus material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material and a preparation method thereof.
The first object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material, which comprises the following steps: adding red phosphorus powder and bismuth powder into a closed environment, raising the temperature to above 530 ℃, preserving heat and reacting for 10-200min, and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the crystalline phosphorus material.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the steps of raising the temperature to 560-700 ℃, preserving heat and reacting for 10-200min, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the dark purple phosphorus micron rod material;
or the temperature is increased to 530-560 ℃, the temperature is kept for reaction, after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to 280-320 ℃ by the procedure, the temperature is kept for reaction, and after the reaction is finished, the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature, thus obtaining the orange-red crystal red phosphorus material.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps of: adding red phosphorus powder and bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, and vacuum sealing.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material, the reaction of the red phosphorus powder and the bismuth powder is carried out in a muffle furnace.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps of: 10-60.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material has the advantages that the heat preservation reaction time is 10-20min at 530-560 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material has the program cooling rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material has the advantages that the reaction time is 10-12h at the temperature of 280-320 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystalline phosphorus material comprises the steps of washing the crystalline phosphorus material with acetone and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and drying to obtain the purified phosphorus material.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a high-activity photocatalyst crystalline phosphorus material prepared by the above method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention takes red phosphorus and bismuth as raw materials, and the red phosphorus and the bismuth react in a vacuum environment in a heat treatment manner to generate a stable orange red [ P12 (4) ] P2 product or a stable crystal purple phosphorus material.
2. The high-activity photocatalyst crystalline phosphorus material prepared by the invention has good application prospect in the field of photocatalysis, and the research discovers that crystalline red phosphorus ([ P12 (4) ] P2) and crystalline purple phosphorus material can efficiently degrade methyl orange, thus being a high-activity photocatalyst.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of a crystalline red phosphorus material prepared according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of the crystalline red phosphorus material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of crystalline violet phosphorus material prepared in example 6;
FIG. 4 is an XRD pattern of the crystalline violet phosphorus material prepared in example 6;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by the crystalline red phosphorus material prepared in example 1;
fig. 6 is a result of photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by the crystalline violet phosphorus material prepared in example 6.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all reagents are commercially available and methods are conventional in the art. The red phosphorus powder and bismuth powder used in the examples below are commercially available.
Example 1
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
adding 100mg of red phosphorus powder and 20mg of bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing, placing into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 530 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 10min, reducing the temperature to 280 ℃ at the cooling rate of 0.5/min after the reaction is finished, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 10h, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the orange red crystal red phosphorus material.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a crystalline red phosphorus material prepared in example 1 of the present invention, which shows a microstrip structure material having a large aspect ratio; fig. 2 is an XRD pattern of the crystalline red phosphorus material prepared in example 1 of the present invention, which shows that the sample has higher crystallinity, and the diffraction peak position corresponds to the crystalline red phosphorus material reported previously.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
adding 100mg of red phosphorus powder and 10mg of bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing, placing into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 560 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 15min, reducing the temperature to 300 ℃ at the cooling rate of 1 ℃/min after the reaction is finished, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 11h, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the orange red crystal red phosphorus material.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
adding 600mg of red phosphorus powder and 10mg of bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing, placing into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 540 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 20min, reducing the temperature to 320 ℃ at the cooling rate of 2 ℃/min after the reaction is finished, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 12h, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the orange red crystal red phosphorus material.
Example 4
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
adding 200mg of red phosphorus powder and 60mg of bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing, placing into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 540 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 20min, reducing the temperature to 320 ℃ at the cooling rate of 2 ℃/min after the reaction is finished, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 12h, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the orange red crystal red phosphorus material.
Example 5
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
adding 300mg of red phosphorus powder and 50mg of bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing, placing into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 540 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 20min, reducing the temperature to 320 ℃ at the cooling rate of 2 ℃/min after the reaction is finished, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 12h, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the orange red crystal red phosphorus material.
Example 6
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
adding 300mg of red phosphorus powder and 50mg of bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing, placing into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 530 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 20min, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the dark purple phosphorus micron rod material.
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a crystalline purple phosphorus material prepared in example 6 of the present invention, the SEM image showing the material as a micro-rod structure; fig. 4 shows the XRD pattern of the crystalline violet phosphorus material prepared in example 6 of the present invention, which shows that the sample has higher crystallinity, and the diffraction peak position corresponds to the crystalline violet phosphorus material reported previously.
Example 7
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
100mg of red phosphorus powder and 60mg of bismuth powder are added into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing is carried out, the glass ampoule bottle is placed into a muffle furnace, the temperature is increased to 700 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 10min under the heat preservation, and after the reaction is finished, the glass ampoule bottle is naturally cooled to room temperature, thus obtaining the dark purple phosphorus micron rod material.
Example 8
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
100mg of red phosphorus powder and 10mg of bismuth powder are added into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing is carried out, the glass ampoule bottle is placed into a muffle furnace, the temperature is increased to 600 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 200min under the heat preservation, and after the reaction is finished, the glass ampoule bottle is naturally cooled to room temperature, thus obtaining the dark purple phosphorus micron rod material.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
100mg of red phosphorus powder and 20mg of bismuth powder are added into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing is carried out, the glass ampoule bottle is placed into a muffle furnace, the temperature is increased to 600 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 10min under the heat preservation, the temperature is reduced to 280 ℃ at the cooling rate of 0.5/min after the reaction is finished, the reaction is carried out for 10h under the heat preservation, and the black substance is obtained after the reaction is finished and naturally cooled to the room temperature.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material comprises the following steps:
100mg of red phosphorus powder and 20mg of bismuth powder are added into a glass ampoule bottle, vacuum sealing is carried out, the glass ampoule bottle is placed into a muffle furnace, the temperature is increased to 500 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 10min under the heat preservation, and the glass ampoule bottle is naturally cooled to room temperature after the reaction is finished, so that a black substance is obtained.
The effect of the present invention is demonstrated by taking the photocatalytic degradation test of methyl orange as an example.
The specific experimental method is as follows: 10mg of the sample prepared in example 1 was weighed, added to 100mmp,50mL of methyl orange solution, stirred, and subjected to LED illumination reaction, sampling at intervals of 10min, and absorbance test.
The experimental results are shown in fig. 5, and about 40min, about 90% of the degradation of the methyl orange is achieved, and the high-efficiency photodegradation characteristic is shown.
In addition, 10mg of the sample prepared in example 6 was weighed, added to 100mmp,50mL of methyl orange solution, stirred, and subjected to LED light reaction, sampling at intervals of 10 minutes, and absorbance test.
The experimental results are shown in fig. 6, and about 80 minutes, the degradation of the methyl orange is up to about 95%, and the high-efficiency photodegradation characteristic is shown.
It should be noted that, when numerical ranges are referred to in the present invention, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints are optional, and because the adopted step method is the same as the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the high-activity photocatalyst crystalline phosphorus material is characterized in that red phosphorus powder and bismuth powder are added into a closed environment, the temperature is increased to 560-700 ℃, the heat preservation reaction is carried out for 10-200min, and after the reaction is finished, the temperature is naturally reduced to room temperature, thus obtaining the dark purple phosphorus micron rod material;
the mass ratio of the red phosphorus powder to the bismuth powder is 100-600:10-60.
2. The method for preparing the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material according to claim 1, wherein the method for adding the high-activity photocatalyst crystal phosphorus material into a closed environment is as follows: adding red phosphorus powder and bismuth powder into a glass ampoule bottle, and vacuum sealing.
3. The method for preparing a high activity photocatalyst crystalline phosphorus material according to claim 2, wherein the reaction of red phosphorus powder and bismuth powder is carried out in a muffle furnace.
4. The method for preparing a high-activity photocatalyst crystalline phosphorus material according to claim 1, wherein the crystalline phosphorus material is washed with acetone and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence and dried to prepare a purified phosphorus material.
5. A high activity photocatalytic crystalline phosphorus material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-4.
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CN115417390B (en) * 2022-10-18 2023-07-28 太原理工大学 Preparation method of single crystal purple phosphorus
CN115709086A (en) * 2022-11-21 2023-02-24 深圳先进技术研究院 Purple phosphorus-based photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof

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CN113174634A (en) * 2021-04-27 2021-07-27 陕西科技大学 Crystal red phosphorus nanowire and preparation method thereof

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CN109759098A (en) * 2019-03-07 2019-05-17 郑州大学 Novel nano red phosphorus photochemical catalyst, preparation method and the application in degradation water in dyestuff and photocatalysis water hydrogen manufacturing
CN113174634A (en) * 2021-04-27 2021-07-27 陕西科技大学 Crystal red phosphorus nanowire and preparation method thereof

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