CN113680138A - Antistatic filter material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Antistatic filter material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113680138A CN113680138A CN202010423820.7A CN202010423820A CN113680138A CN 113680138 A CN113680138 A CN 113680138A CN 202010423820 A CN202010423820 A CN 202010423820A CN 113680138 A CN113680138 A CN 113680138A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 112
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940006186 sodium polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polyoxyethylene octyl phenol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- LRMHFDNWKCSEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;phenol Chemical compound CCOCC.OC1=CC=CC=C1 LRMHFDNWKCSEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006221 acetate fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012210 heat-resistant fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0407—Additives and treatments of the filtering material comprising particulate additives, e.g. adsorbents
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an antistatic filter material and a preparation method and application thereof. The antistatic material provided by the invention has permanent antistatic property, extremely low blocking coefficient, excellent mechanical property and high temperature resistance, and can avoid the problem of explosion caused by static electricity and discharge when being applied to dust filtration, such as chemical dust, coal dust and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of modified materials, and relates to an antistatic filter material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the dust removal process of industrial dust-containing gas, dust is easy to explode due to the fact that static electricity is continuously accumulated on the dust to generate high-voltage sparks. Because chemical fiber has better insulating property, the common fiber filter material can not effectively disperse static charges generated by dust in time, so that the static charges are continuously accumulated on the surface of the fiber filter material. When static charge is accumulated to a certain degree, phenomena such as static electric shock or spark discharge can occur, potential safety hazards such as dust explosion with explosion characteristics are caused, and great destructiveness is generated.
In order to prevent dust explosion, the conventional filter material generally adopts mixed conductive fibers as a filter surface, but the conductive fibers are irregularly distributed in the filter layer of the filter material, and the flow direction of the conductive fibers is randomly dispersed, so that static electricity cannot achieve the effect of being quickly conducted, and the problem of spark generation caused by static coalescence and combustion cannot be solved. Or part of the filter material is formed by embedding antistatic yarns only in the warp direction of the base cloth, so that the mechanical property of the base material is reduced, the filter bag is easy to crack, and the service life is shortened except that the conductivity is not ideal and the condition of the explosion-proof dust removal treatment working condition cannot be achieved.
CN202638140U discloses an antistatic polyphenylene sulfide fiber filter felt, which comprises a mixed fiber layer, a base fabric and a mixed fiber layer from the surface layer to the inner layer in sequence. The base cloth of the filter felt is formed by weaving polyphenylene sulfide fiber yarns and stainless steel fiber conductive yarns in a mixed mode. The mixed fiber layer of the filter felt is a mixed fiber layer of polyphenylene sulfide fibers and stainless steel fibers, stainless steel conductive fibers in the filter felt provided by the patent application are irregularly distributed in a filter layer and a non-filter layer of a filter material, and the flow direction of the conductive fibers is randomly dispersed, so that static electricity cannot be quickly conducted, and the problem that spark generated by static coalescence is eliminated to cause combustion is difficult to solve; meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the base cloth is also influenced by the metal wires embedded in the base cloth. CN102337622A discloses an antistatic base cloth for filter material and a production method thereof, wherein the warp and weft yarns forming the base cloth are high-temperature heat-resistant fibers with the fineness of 260-1500 denier, at least one of carbon black or graphite fibers with the fineness of 260-1500 denier is interwoven with the mixed antistatic yarns of the high-temperature heat-resistant fibers at intervals of 2.7-3.5cm in the warp direction, the warp direction density is 180-10 cm in the warp direction, and the weft direction density is 20-80/10 cm, so as to prepare the base cloth.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a filter material that can ensure the filtering effect and the mechanical properties of the material, and has permanent antistatic property to meet the application requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The antistatic filter material provided by the invention has permanent antistatic property, extremely low blocking coefficient, excellent mechanical property and high temperature resistance, and can avoid the problem of explosion caused by static electricity and discharge when applied to dust filtration and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an antistatic filter material, which comprises the components of a filter base cloth, graphene and a dispersing agent.
The antistatic filter material provided by the invention comprises graphene, has a good antistatic effect, and meanwhile, the dispersant contained in the antistatic filter material can improve the adhesion firmness of the graphene, so that the antistatic filter material provided by the invention has permanent antistatic performance.
Meanwhile, the antistatic filter material provided by the invention does not contain other additives, and can avoid the defect that the filter performance of the filter base cloth is reduced in the process of processing the filter base cloth, namely the antistatic filter base cloth provided by the invention has good antistatic performance and a lower blocking coefficient.
In the invention, the filter base cloth is composed of base cloth fibers, and the graphene is uniformly dispersed on the surfaces of the base cloth fibers.
The graphene provided by the invention can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of each fiber, so that the antistatic filter material provided by the invention has excellent antistatic property, good mechanical property and higher adhesion firmness. The antistatic material provided by the invention can eliminate the static accumulation effect in a static charge diffusion mode in real time, and finally the static charge can be dissipated through a grounding wire or water in the air, so that the static hazard is eliminated.
In the present invention, the mass of the graphene is 0.4 to 1% of the total mass of the antistatic filter material, for example, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, and the like.
In the antistatic filter material provided by the invention, if the addition amount of the graphene is too low, an excellent antistatic effect cannot be achieved, and if the addition amount of the graphene is too large, on one hand, the adhesion firmness of the graphene cannot be ensured, and on the other hand, the excessive graphene may agglomerate to block the filter holes of the filter base cloth, so that the filter performance of the filter material is reduced.
In the antistatic filter material provided by the invention, if the addition amount of graphene is too low, an excellent antistatic effect cannot be achieved, and if the addition amount of graphene is too high, the adhesion firmness of graphene cannot be ensured. The mass of the graphene is 0.4-1% of the total mass of the antistatic filter material, and the antistatic filter material can be ensured to have higher antistatic performance and higher color fastness in the interval.
Preferably, the graphene has a size of 0.1-10 μm, such as 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, and the like.
In the present invention, the size of the graphene refers to the size of the sheet diameter of the graphene.
The size of the graphene is preferably 0.1-10 μm, and if the size of the graphene is too small, the conductivity of the finally obtained filter material is not enough to meet the application requirement; if the size of the graphene is too large, the dispersibility of the graphene is poor.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the graphene to the dispersant is 1 (0.1-1), for example, 1:0.2, 1:0.3, 1:0.4, 1:0.5, 1:0.6, 1:0.7, 1:0.8, 1:0.9, and the like, and more preferably 1: 0.2.
Preferably, the dispersing agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene oxide or polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, and further preferably the combination of the sodium polystyrene sulfonate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
The existence of the dispersant provided by the invention can ensure that the graphene is firmly attached to each fiber of the filter base cloth, and if the addition amount of the dispersant is too small, on one hand, the graphene can be agglomerated and unevenly dispersed, and the filter base cloth is easy to block; on the other hand, the adhesion firmness of the graphene is poor, and the permanent antistatic effect cannot be achieved; if the amount of the dispersant added is too large, the filter base cloth may be clogged.
When the combination of sodium polystyrene sulfonate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1:1 is selected as the dispersing agent, the graphene can achieve a better dispersing effect on the premise of less adding amount of the dispersing agent.
Preferably, the filtration substrate is selected from woven, knitted, non-woven or non-woven felt.
Preferably, the material of the filter base cloth is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of terylene, chinlon, acrylic fiber, spandex, vinylon, polyphenylene sulfide, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyimide, cotton, hemp, wool, viscose fiber, modal fiber, cuprammonium fiber or acetate fiber.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the antistatic filter material according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
treating and drying the filter base cloth by using the graphene dispersion liquid to obtain the antistatic filter material;
the graphene dispersion liquid is composed of graphene, a dispersing agent and a solvent.
According to the preparation method provided by the application, the filtering base cloth is directly contacted with the graphene dispersion liquid, and the graphene is attached to each fiber of the filtering base cloth under the condition that the dispersing agent exists, so that each fiber forming the filtering cloth can have good antistatic performance, and the finally obtained filtering material is guaranteed to have excellent antistatic performance; simultaneously, graphite alkene is at the fibre surface filming, can further strengthen the mechanical properties who filters the base cloth to the graphite alkene dispersion that this application provided can not block up the "filtration pore" that filters the base cloth at the in-process that handles the filtration base cloth, can not reduce filtering material's filter effect, can increase the filter effect who filters the base cloth to a certain extent even.
Preferably, the preparation method of the graphene dispersion liquid comprises the following steps:
and mixing and dispersing graphene, a dispersing agent and a solvent, and filtering to obtain the graphene dispersion liquid.
When the graphene dispersion liquid is prepared, the originally non-hydrophilic graphene can be tightly wrapped by the dispersing agent provided by the invention, namely the surface of the graphene is subjected to hydrophilic modification, active groups attached to the dispersing agent on the surface of the graphene can form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups on base cloth, and the hydrogen bonds are changed into covalent bonds after drying, so that the graphene is firmly combined on the surface of a fiber, and therefore, the antistatic filter material with high graphene attachment firmness can be obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention, and permanent antistatic is realized.
In the graphene dispersion liquid, the mass ratio of the graphene to the dispersant is preferably 1 (0.1-1), for example, 1:0.2, 1:0.3, 1:0.4, 1:0.5, 1:0.6, 1:0.7, 1:0.8, 1:0.9, and the like, and more preferably 1: 0.2.
The dispersing agent provided by the invention can uniformly disperse graphene in a solvent, so that the subsequent processing is convenient, and can fix the graphene on the surface of the fiber of the filter base cloth, the addition amount of the dispersing agent cannot be too low, the aggregation of the graphene can be caused due to too low amount of the dispersing agent, the base cloth is blocked when the base cloth is subsequently processed, the filtering effect of the base cloth is reduced, and the adhesion firmness of the graphene is also reduced; the addition amount of the dispersing agent cannot be too high, and a film layer is easily formed on the surface of the filtering base cloth in the subsequent processing process, so that the filtering performance of the filtering material is reduced; meanwhile, the special dispersing agent provided by the invention can not cause the blockage of the filtering base cloth.
Preferably, the concentration of the graphene in the graphene dispersion is 0.1-10 wt%, such as 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, etc.
Preferably, the solvent is water.
Preferably, the dispersing agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene oxide or polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, and further preferably the combination of the sodium polystyrene sulfonate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Preferably, the mixing and dispersing are performed by stirring and dispersing, the stirring temperature is 60-95 ℃, such as 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃ and the like, the time is 1-5h, such as 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h and the like, and the stirring speed is 800-.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the graphene dispersion liquid is a stirring dispersion method, and the graphene in the finally obtained graphene dispersion liquid can be uniformly dispersed by controlling the stirring speed and the temperature of a dispersion liquid system; the method avoids the agglomeration of graphene in the graphene dispersion liquid caused by overlong ultrasonic time or high inverse temperature of an ultrasonic probe during ultrasonic dispersion.
Preferably, the method of treatment comprises any one or a combination of at least two of dipping, padding, spraying or printing treatments.
Preferably, the method of treatment is padding, the padding has a liquid carrying rate of 70-200%, such as 80%, 100%, 120%, 140%, 160%, 180%, etc., the vehicle speed is 20-50m/min, such as 25m/min, 30m/min, 35m/min, 40m/min, 45m/min, etc., and the drying temperature is 120-170 ℃, such as 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 160 ℃, etc.
Preferably, the treatment mode is impregnation, and the preparation method of the antistatic filter material comprises the following steps: and (2) placing the graphene dispersion liquid and the filter base cloth in an overflow cylinder at a bath ratio of 1 (10-50), such as 1:20, 1:30, 1:40 and the like, heating to 65-70 ℃ (such as 66 ℃, 67 ℃, 68 ℃, 69 ℃ and the like) at a speed of 1-2 ℃/min (such as 1.2 ℃/min, 1.4 ℃/min, 1.5 ℃/min, 1.7 ℃/min, 1.8 ℃/min and the like), continuously soaking for 3 hours, and then shaping to obtain the antistatic filter material.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of an antistatic filter material according to the first aspect in the dedusting of industrial dusty gases.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the antistatic filter material provided by the invention comprises graphene, has a good antistatic effect, and meanwhile, the adhesion firmness of the graphene can be improved by the dispersing agent contained in the antistatic filter material, so that the antistatic filter material provided by the invention has permanent antistatic performance, does not comprise other additives, and can avoid the defect that the filter performance of the filter base cloth is reduced in the process of processing the filter base cloth, namely, the antistatic filter base cloth provided by the invention has good antistatic performance and a lower blocking coefficient;
(2) according to the preparation method provided by the application, the filtering base cloth is directly contacted with the graphene dispersion liquid, and the graphene is attached to each fiber of the filtering base cloth under the condition that the dispersing agent exists, so that each fiber forming the filtering cloth can have good antistatic performance, and the finally obtained filtering material is guaranteed to have excellent antistatic performance; meanwhile, the graphene forms a film on the surface of the fiber, so that the mechanical property of the filter base cloth can be further enhanced, and the graphene dispersion liquid provided by the application can not block filter holes of the filter base cloth, can not reduce the filtering effect of the filtering material and even can increase the filtering effect of the filter base cloth to a certain extent in the process of processing the filter base cloth;
(3) the antistatic filtering base fabric provided by the invention has permanent antistatic property and excellent mechanical property, and the graphene does not block pores among yarns and cause overlarge air resistance in the base fabric finished by the graphene; wherein the surface resistance of the substrate modified by the graphene can reach 103Omega; the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the substrate modified by the graphene and the substrate not modified by the graphene are almost unchanged; the air resistance of the substrate modified by graphene is almost unchanged from that of the substrate not modified by graphene.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
An antistatic filter cloth is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dispersing graphene, a dispersing agent and deionized water at 80 ℃ for 3h at a stirring speed of 1000r/min, and then filtering through a 200-mesh filter screen to obtain a filtrate to obtain a graphene dispersion liquid;
wherein the size of the graphene is 0.2 μm, the dispersing agent is sodium polystyrene sulfonate, the mass ratio of the graphene to the dispersing agent is 1:0.5, and the concentration of the graphene in the dispersing solution is 1 wt%;
(2) placing the graphene dispersion liquid into a liquid tank of a padder, soaking and rolling the filtering base cloth, controlling the liquid carrying rate to be 100%, and setting at 150 ℃ to obtain the antistatic filtering cloth, wherein the speed of the vehicle is 30 m/min;
wherein the filtering base cloth is terylene woven cloth which is purchased from the public.
Examples 2 to 5
The difference from example 1 was that the liquid-carrying rate was controlled to 40% (example 2), 80% (example 3), 10% (example 4), and 150% (example 5).
Examples 6 to 9
The difference from example 1 is that in this example, the graphene has a size of 0.1 μm (example 6), 10 μm (example 7), 50nm (example 8), or 20 μm (example 9).
Examples 10 to 12
The difference from example 1 is that in this example, the dispersant is a combination of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether (example 10), sodium dodecylsulfate (example 11), sodium polystyrenesulfonate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1:1 (example 12).
Examples 13 to 17
The difference from example 1 is that, in this example, the mass ratio of graphene to the dispersant is 1:0.2 (example 13), 1:0.1 (example 14), 1:1 (example 15), 1:0.05 (example 16), and 1:2 (example 17).
Example 18
An antistatic filter cloth is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dispersing graphene, a dispersing agent and deionized water at 60 ℃ for 5 hours at a stirring speed of 800r/min, and then filtering through a 200-mesh filter screen to obtain a filtrate to obtain a graphene dispersion liquid;
wherein the size of the graphene is 0.8 μm, the dispersing agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone, the mass ratio of the graphene to the dispersing agent is 1:0.8, and the concentration of the graphene in the dispersing solution is 5 wt%;
(2) placing the graphene dispersion liquid and the filter base cloth in an overflow cylinder at a bath ratio of 1:40, heating to 65 ℃ at a speed of 1 ℃/min, continuously soaking for 3h, and then shaping (the temperature is 150 ℃, and the vehicle speed is 30m/min) to obtain the antistatic filter material;
wherein the filtering base cloth is terylene woven cloth which is purchased from the public.
Comparative example 1
The filter material provided in this comparative example was the filter base cloth in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The filter material provided by this comparative example was the filter base cloth of example 18.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 1 is that in this comparative example, graphene was replaced with carbon black having a size of 0.2 μm.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 1 is that in this comparative example, graphene was replaced with carbon nanotubes having a length of 0.2 μm.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 1 is that in this comparative example, no dispersant was added in step (1).
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that in this comparative example, the graphene dispersion was prepared as follows:
and ultrasonically treating the graphene, the dispersing agent and the deionized water for 3 hours by using an ultrasonic dispersion machine to obtain the graphene dispersion liquid.
Performance testing
The filter cloths provided in examples 1 to 18 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to a performance test as follows:
(1) antistatic property: reference standard: GB/T22042-2008, testing surface resistance (unit: omega);
the specific method comprises the following steps: placing the base cloth which is not processed by the graphene and the base cloth which is processed by the graphene into a constant temperature and humidity box to balance for 24 hours, wherein the temperature is as follows: (23 ± 1) ° c, humidity: (25 ± 5)%; the surface resistance was measured with a GM3110 surface resistance tester.
(2) Tensile strength: testing the breaking strength and the breaking elongation according to the standard GB/T3923.1-2013;
the specific method comprises the following steps: two sets of samples were cut for each sample, one set for warp or machine direction samples and one set for weft or cross direction samples. Each group of samples at least comprises 5 samples, the effective width of each sample is 50mm (not including burrs), the length of each sample meets the gauge length of 200mm, the samples are placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 50RH percent for balancing for 24h, a universal tester is used for testing the breaking strength and the breaking elongation, and the average value is calculated;
(3) air resistance: testing air resistance and filtering efficiency according to a standard GB/T32610-2016, wherein the air volume is 85L/min;
(4) antistatic durability: the antistatic properties of the samples after they have been left or used for a period of time are tested, see (1).
The test results are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
In examples 2 to 5 of the present invention, the mass of graphene in the antistatic filter material was changed by changing the liquid carrying rate, and the mass of graphene in examples 1 to 5 was 1%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 0.1%, 1.5% of the total mass of the antistatic filter material, respectively.
The examples and performance tests show that the antistatic filter material provided by the invention has excellent antistatic performance, the conductivity of the antistatic filter material cannot be reduced along with the lapse of time in the placing process, and the conductivity change of the antistatic filter material is smaller along with the lapse of the using time, so that the antistatic filter material can meet the application requirements; meanwhile, in the preparation process of the antistatic material, the mechanical property of the filter base cloth is not reduced, namely the preparation method provided by the invention does not have adverse effect on the mechanical property of the base material; in addition, the antistatic material provided by the invention does not influence the filtration efficiency of the base cloth, and even improves the filtration efficiency of the base cloth. Wherein, the resistance of the antistatic filter material provided by the invention is 106Omega is less, the filtration efficiency is more than 67%, and the air resistance is less than 102 Pa; in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the antistatic filter material has an electrical resistance of 104Omega is less, the filtration efficiency is more than 70 percent, and the air resistance is less than 97 Pa.
As can be seen from the comparison between the example 1 and the examples 2 to 5, when the addition amount of the graphene in the antistatic filter material provided by the invention is 0.4 to 1 percent of the total mass of the antistatic filter material, the finally obtained antistatic filter material has better comprehensive performance; as can be seen from the comparison between the example 1 and the examples 6 to 9, the antistatic filter material provided by the invention has good effect when the size of the graphene is 0.1-10 μm; as can be seen from a comparison of example 1 and examples 10-12, the preferred dispersant of the present invention is a combination of sodium polystyrene sulfonate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 1; as is clear from comparison between example 1 and examples 13 to 17, the effect is better when the mass ratio of graphene to the dispersant is 1:0.2 in the present invention.
As can be seen from the comparison between examples 1 and 18 and comparative examples 1 to 2, the filtering effect of the filtering base cloth is not affected in the modification of the filtering base cloth, but the filtering effect of the filtering base cloth may even be increased; as can be seen from the comparison between the example 1 and the comparative examples 3 to 4, the antistatic property of the filter material can be increased only by selecting the graphene provided by the invention without affecting the filtering effect of the filter material; from the comparison of example 1 with comparative example 5, it is understood that the antistatic property of the antistatic filter material finally obtained is lowered and the antistatic durability is lowered without adding a dispersant.
The applicant states that the invention is illustrated by the above examples of the antistatic filter material of the invention and its preparation and use, but the invention is not limited to the above detailed process, i.e. it does not mean that the invention must be carried out in reliance on the above detailed process. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The antistatic filter material is characterized by comprising filter base cloth, graphene and a dispersing agent.
2. The antistatic filter material of claim 1, wherein the filter base fabric is composed of base fabric fibers, and the graphene is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the base fabric fibers.
3. The antistatic filter material of claim 1 or 2, wherein the graphene is present in an amount of 0.4 to 1% by mass based on the total mass of the antistatic filter material;
preferably, the graphene has a size of 0.1 to 10 μm.
4. The antistatic filter material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mass ratio of the graphene to the dispersant is 1 (0.1-1), further preferably 1: 0.2;
preferably, the dispersing agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene oxide or polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, and further preferably the combination of the sodium polystyrene sulfonate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
5. The antistatic filter material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filter substrate is selected from a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric or a non-woven felt;
preferably, the base fabric fiber is selected from any one of or a combination of at least two of polyester fiber, nylon fiber, acrylic fiber, spandex fiber, vinylon fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyimide fiber, cotton fiber, hemp fiber, wool fiber, viscose fiber, modal fiber, cuprammonium fiber or acetate fiber.
6. The process for the preparation of an antistatic filter material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
treating and drying the filter base cloth by using the graphene dispersion liquid to obtain the antistatic filter material;
the graphene dispersion liquid is composed of graphene, a dispersing agent and a solvent.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the graphene dispersion liquid is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
and mixing and dispersing graphene, a dispersing agent and a solvent, and filtering to obtain the graphene dispersion liquid.
8. The production method according to claim 7, wherein in the graphene dispersion liquid, the mass ratio of the graphene to the dispersant is 1 (0.1-1), and more preferably 1: 0.2;
preferably, in the graphene dispersion liquid, the concentration of the graphene is 0.1-10 wt%;
preferably, the solvent is water;
preferably, the dispersing agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene oxide or polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, and further preferably the combination of the sodium polystyrene sulfonate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 1;
preferably, the mixing and dispersing are performed in a stirring and dispersing manner, the stirring temperature is 60-95 ℃, the stirring time is 1-5h, and the stirring speed is 800-1000 r/min.
9. The production method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the method of treatment includes any one of or a combination of at least two of dipping, padding, spraying, or printing treatment;
preferably, the liquid carrying rate of padding is 70-200%, the vehicle speed is 20-50m/min, and the drying temperature is 120-170 ℃;
preferably, the treatment mode is impregnation, and the preparation method of the antistatic filter material comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the graphene dispersion liquid and the filter base cloth in an overflow cylinder, wherein the bath ratio is 1 (10-50), heating to 65-70 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min, continuously soaking for 3h, and then shaping to obtain the antistatic filter material.
10. Use of an antistatic filter material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for dedusting industrial dusty gases.
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