CN113675959B - Antenna system for improving coupling strength of magnetic induction wireless charging receiving and transmitting end - Google Patents

Antenna system for improving coupling strength of magnetic induction wireless charging receiving and transmitting end Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113675959B
CN113675959B CN202111230023.8A CN202111230023A CN113675959B CN 113675959 B CN113675959 B CN 113675959B CN 202111230023 A CN202111230023 A CN 202111230023A CN 113675959 B CN113675959 B CN 113675959B
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antenna
transmitting
relay
receiving
ferrite sheet
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CN113675959A (en
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喻易强
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Chengdu Sprouting Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Sprouting Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H02J50/23—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of transmitting antennas, e.g. directional array antennas or Yagi antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H02J50/27—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/50—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H02J50/502—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices the energy repeater being integrated together with the emitter or the receiver

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna system for improving the coupling strength of a magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end, which comprises a first transmitting antenna, a first ferrite sheet, a second transmitting antenna, a relay antenna, a third ferrite sheet, a receiving antenna and a fourth ferrite sheet, wherein the first transmitting antenna is connected with the first ferrite sheet; the first ferrite sheet is tightly attached to the lower part of the first transmitting antenna; the second transmitting antenna is arranged in the center of the first transmitting antenna; the second ferrite sheet is arranged below the second transmitting antenna; the relay antenna is arranged above the first transmitting antenna; the receiving antenna is arranged above the relay antenna; the fourth ferrite piece is clung to the upper part of the receiving antenna. The invention adopts a mode of combining magnetic resonance coupling and magnetic induction coupling, fully utilizes the advantages of two wireless charging coupling technologies at the transmitting and receiving ends, introduces the characteristics of long transmission distance and high horizontal degree of freedom of the magnetic resonance technology into the magnetic induction technology, and realizes the remote wireless charging of the magnetic induction technology.

Description

Antenna system for improving coupling strength of magnetic induction wireless charging receiving and transmitting end
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and particularly relates to an antenna system for improving the coupling strength of a magnetic induction wireless charging transceiving end.
Background
With the continuous development of electronic information technology and automation control technology, various home appliances, consumer electronics, mobile communication devices, etc. have been widely popularized, however, the conventional home appliances rely on the wired connection between the power line and the power socket to supply power, and the electronic devices using the built-in battery also need the wired connection between the charging wire and the power socket to charge, so we can see the wires for supplying power to the electronic devices everywhere. The wires not only occupy the activity space of people and limit the convenience of equipment use, but also create the hidden danger of safe electricity utilization. Therefore, with the increasing demand of people for portable devices and green energy systems that can be used completely wirelessly, research and application of wireless energy transmission technology is rapidly becoming the focus of academic and industrial circles at home and abroad. The wireless charging technology acknowledged in the industry at present is mainly divided into three types, one is the QI standard mainly pushed by the WPC alliance, also called as magnetic induction coupling technology, which generates a high-frequency alternating current signal through a high-frequency inverter circuit, then converts the high-frequency alternating current signal into a magnetic field through a transmitting end coil, generates induced electromotive force after the receiving end coil induces the magnetic field, converts the induced electromotive force into load power after being connected with a load, the magnetic field between the transmitting and receiving coils is tightly coupled, the distance between the transmitting and receiving coils is required to be very close, and the coupling strength is reduced very fast along with the increase of the distance between the transmitting and receiving coils; the other is the magnetic resonance coupling technology mainly pushed by the Airfuel alliance, which utilizes the magnetic field same frequency resonance in a reactance field to separate and convert energy, an alternating magnetic field and an alternating electric field generated by a transmitting antenna in the surrounding space of the transmitting antenna are in an orthogonal relation at any time and have a phase difference of pi/2, so that the electromagnetic field can store energy, but the resultant electromagnetic wave does not transmit any energy, when the receiving antenna comes within the coupling area of the transmitting antenna, the same-frequency resonance is generated between the transmitting and receiving antennas, the energy is coupled to the receiving end from the transmitting end in the form of magnetic field, thereby realizing the space conversion of energy, the coupling between the transmitting and receiving antennas is loose coupling, the receiving antenna can be coupled to the most energy at the optimal coupling distance, that is, the most magnetic lines pass through the receiving antenna, and the coupling strength between the receiving antennas does not drop greatly within a certain variation range above and below the optimal coupling distance; another is electromagnetic radiation type wireless energy transmission technology. Of the three technologies, magnetic induction technology has been developed earlier and has been used in consumer electronics for more mature commercial applications. However, due to the tightly coupled nature of magnetic induction technology, the presently disclosed magnetic induction wireless charging technology for consumer electronics devices suffers from the following drawbacks: firstly, the transmission efficiency is high when the transmission distance is short and the vertical distance of the receiving and transmitting antenna is short, but the transmission efficiency is sharply reduced along with the increase of the vertical distance between the receiving and transmitting antennas; second, the horizontal degree of freedom is poor, and when the receiving antenna is located at the center of the transmitting antenna, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is high, but when the center of the receiving antenna is deviated from the center of the transmitting antenna, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is significantly reduced, and particularly when the size difference between the transmitting and receiving antennas is large, the transmission efficiency is significantly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of short transmission distance and poor horizontal degree of freedom in the magnetic induction wireless charging technology, and provides an antenna system for improving the coupling strength of a magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an antenna system for improving the coupling strength of a magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end comprises a first transmitting antenna, a first ferrite sheet, a second transmitting antenna, a relay antenna, a third ferrite sheet, a receiving antenna and a fourth ferrite sheet;
the first ferrite sheet is tightly attached to the lower part of the first transmitting antenna; the second transmitting antenna is arranged in the center of the first transmitting antenna; the second ferrite sheet is arranged in the center of the first transmitting antenna and tightly attached to the lower part of the second transmitting antenna; the relay antenna is arranged above the first transmitting antenna; the receiving antenna is arranged above the relay antenna; the third ferrite sheet is tightly attached to the upper part of the relay antenna; the fourth ferrite piece is clung to the upper part of the receiving antenna.
Further, the first transmitting antenna comprises a transmitting outer ring antenna and a transmitting inner ring antenna; the transmitting outer ring antenna and the transmitting inner ring antenna are used for improving the horizontal degree of freedom between the first transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna;
the transmitting outer ring antenna and the transmitting inner ring antenna are both annular; the innermost turn of the transmitting outer ring antenna is connected with the outermost turn of the transmitting inner ring antenna, and the innermost turn of the transmitting outer ring antenna is not adjacent to the outermost turn of the transmitting inner ring antenna;
the transmitting outer ring antenna and the transmitting inner ring antenna are circular, rectangular or polygonal, and the edges and corners of the turns of the coil of the transmitting outer ring antenna and the transmitting inner ring antenna are of smooth circular arc structures;
the relay antenna comprises a relay outer ring antenna and a relay inner ring antenna;
the relay outer ring antenna and the relay inner ring antenna are both annular; the innermost turn of the relay outer ring antenna is connected with the outermost turn of the relay inner ring antenna;
the relay outer ring antenna and the relay inner ring antenna are all round, rectangular or polygonal, and edges and corners of the relay outer ring antenna and the relay inner ring antenna are both of smooth circular arc structures.
Furthermore, the transmitting outer ring antenna and the transmitting inner ring antenna are spirally wound by litz wires; the second transmitting antenna is spirally wound by litz wires; the relay outer ring antenna and the relay inner ring antenna are spirally wound by copper wires or litz wires; the receiving antenna is spirally wound by a copper wire or a litz wire.
Further, the first ferrite sheet is used for shielding metal and magnetic materials around the first transmitting antenna;
the second ferrite piece is used for concentrating magnetic lines of force passing through the first transmitting antenna and increasing magnetic flux passing through the first transmitting antenna.
Further, the second ferrite sheet has the same thickness as the first transmitting antenna.
Furthermore, the center of the third ferrite sheet is provided with a through hole with the same size as the loop of the receiving antenna.
Further, magnetic resonance coupling is adopted between the first transmitting antenna and the relay antenna; and the relay antenna and the receiving coil are coupled by magnetic induction.
Furthermore, the first transmitting antenna adjusts the inductance value and the Q value of the first transmitting antenna by adopting a single-layer plane winding, a multi-layer plane winding or a three-dimensional winding mode;
the relay antenna adjusts the inductance value and the Q value of the relay antenna in a single-layer plane winding mode, a multi-layer plane winding mode or a three-dimensional winding mode.
Furthermore, the inductance value of the first transmitting antenna ranges from 10uH to 150 uH;
the relay antenna performs resonant capacitance switching according to the working environment of the antenna system; the inductance value range of the relay antenna is 10uH-120 uH; the value range of the resonance capacitance of the relay antenna is 9nF-1.75 uF;
in the inductance value range of the relay antenna from 10uH to 120uH, when the distance between the relay antenna and the transmitting antenna changes, charging equipment with different sizes is placed above the receiving antenna, the distance between the relay antenna and the receiving antenna changes, or different magnetic materials are arranged in the charging equipment, the inductance value range of the relay antenna changes from 2uH to 130 uH.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts a mode of combining magnetic resonance coupling and magnetic induction coupling, fully utilizes the advantages of two wireless charging coupling technologies at the transmitting and receiving ends, introduces the characteristics of long transmission distance and high horizontal degree of freedom of the magnetic resonance technology into the magnetic induction technology, and realizes the remote wireless charging of the magnetic induction technology.
(2) In the invention, the transmitting antenna and the relay antenna are in magnetic resonance coupling, so that the transmission distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is increased; the inner and outer ring structures of the first transmitting antenna enable the magnetic field distribution of the transmitting antenna to be looser, and the horizontal degree of freedom between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is further increased; the inner and outer ring structures of the relay antenna and the axis offset of the inner ring antenna further improve the coupling strength between the relay antenna and the receiving antenna, so that the energy conversion efficiency between the receiving and transmitting antennas is improved, and the defects of short original transmission distance and poor horizontal degree of freedom in the magnetic induction technology are effectively overcome.
(3) The invention can greatly improve the overall energy conversion efficiency of magnetic induction wireless charging when the charging distance is long, and provides a stable and efficient wireless charging or wireless power supply scheme for portable computers, communication products, consumer electronics products and LED lighting equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a magnetic induction transceiver antenna;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a magnetic induction transmit-receive antenna long-distance magnetic force;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a transmit receive antenna plus a relay antenna;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a transmitting antenna;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a relay antenna and a receiving antenna of the Transceiver antenna plus Relay antenna configuration;
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of transmission efficiency of magneto-inductive transceiver antennas with and without relay antennas at different distances;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the horizontal degrees of freedom of a single transmit antenna plus a relay antenna;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of the inner and outer loop transmit plus relay antenna structures;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the inner and outer loop transmitting antennas;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the horizontal degrees of freedom of the inner and outer loop transmit antennas plus the relay antenna;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of the structure of the inner and outer loop transmitting antennas plus the inner and outer loop relay antennas;
FIG. 12 is a bottom view of a relay antenna and a receiving antenna in the configuration of inner and outer loop transmitting antennas plus inner and outer loop relay antennas;
FIG. 13 is a diagram of the inner and outer loop relay antenna plus relay antenna and receive antenna offset configuration;
FIG. 14 is a bottom view of the relay antenna and the receiving antenna in the inner and outer loop relay antenna plus inner loop offset configuration;
fig. 15 is a graph showing a comparison of transmission efficiency of different distances of inner ring offset of the relay antenna of the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 1, 3 and 11;
FIG. 16 is a block diagram of inner and outer loop transmitting and receiving antennas and a magnetically induced transmitting antenna
FIG. 17 is a top view of the inner and outer loop radiating antennas and the magnetic induction radiating antenna;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a single-layer planar wire wound antenna;
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a dual-layer planar wire wound antenna;
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a wire wound antenna;
in the figure, 101, a first transmitting antenna; 102. a first ferrite sheet; 103. a second ferrite sheet; 104. transmitting an outer ring antenna; 105. transmitting an inner-ring antenna; 106. a second transmitting antenna; 201. a relay antenna; 202. a third ferrite piece; 203. a relay outer loop antenna; 204. a relay inner ring antenna; 301. a receiving antenna; 302. a fourth ferrite piece.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 16, the present invention provides an antenna system for increasing the coupling strength of a magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver, which includes a first transmitting antenna 101, a first ferrite sheet 102, a second ferrite sheet 103, a second transmitting antenna 106, a relay antenna 201, a third ferrite sheet 202, a receiving antenna 301, and a fourth ferrite sheet 302;
the first ferrite sheet 102 is tightly attached below the first transmitting antenna 101; the second transmitting antenna 106 is disposed at the center of the first transmitting antenna 101; the second ferrite sheet 103 is disposed at the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 and tightly attached below the second transmitting antenna 106; the relay antenna 201 is disposed above the first transmitting antenna 101; the receiving antenna 301 is disposed above the relay antenna 201; the third ferrite sheet 202 is tightly attached above the relay antenna 201; the fourth ferrite sheet 302 is closely attached above the receiving antenna 301.
The operating frequency of the magnetic resonance coupling between the transmit antenna and the relay antenna is adapted to the standard frequency band of the WPC.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the first transmission antenna 101 includes a transmission outer-circle antenna 104 and a transmission inner-circle antenna 105; the transmitting outer ring antenna 104 and the transmitting inner ring antenna 105 are used for improving the horizontal degree of freedom between the first transmitting antenna 101 and the receiving antenna 301;
the transmitting outer ring antenna 104 and the transmitting inner ring antenna 105 are both annular; the innermost turn of the transmitting outer-ring antenna 104 is connected with the outermost turn of the transmitting inner-ring antenna 105, and the innermost turn of the transmitting outer-ring antenna 104 is not adjacent to the outermost turn of the transmitting inner-ring antenna 105;
the transmitting outer ring antenna 104 and the transmitting inner ring antenna 105 are circular, rectangular or polygonal, and the corners of the turns of the transmitting outer ring antenna 104 and the transmitting inner ring antenna 105 are smooth circular arc structures.
The transmitting antenna adopts the series connection of two annular winding coils, the external coil is larger, the internal coil is smaller, and the axes of the two coils can be the same or different. The axes of the outer ring antenna and the inner ring antenna can be on the same straight line or not.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the relay antenna 201 includes a relay outer loop antenna 203 and a relay inner loop antenna 204;
the relay outer ring antenna 203 and the relay inner ring antenna 204 are both annular; the innermost turn of the relay outer ring antenna 203 is connected with the outermost turn of the relay inner ring antenna 204;
the relay outer ring antenna 203 and the relay inner ring antenna 204 are all circular, rectangular or polygonal, and the corners of the relay outer ring antenna 203 and the relay inner ring antenna 204 are both smooth circular arc structures.
The center of the inner-ring antenna of the relay antenna may not coincide with the center of the outer-ring antenna, and the center of the inner-ring antenna of the relay antenna may be offset to one side.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the axis of the relay inner-ring antenna 204 of the relay antenna 201 coincides with the axis of the relay outer-ring antenna 203, and the inner-ring antenna 203 is offset to one of the short sides;
in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the transmitting outer-ring antenna 104 and the transmitting inner-ring antenna 105 are both spirally wound with litz wires; the second transmitting antenna 106 is spirally wound by litz wire; the relay outer ring antenna 203 and the relay inner ring antenna 204 are spirally wound by copper wires or litz wires; the receiving antenna 301 is spirally wound with copper wire or litz wire. The ferrite sheet below the transmitting coil on the side of the relay antenna remote from the transmitting antenna is not limited to hard or soft magnetic.
In this embodiment, the relay antenna may present different inductance values due to different distances from the transmitting antenna, different sizes of the mobile phone above the receiving antenna, and whether there is a magnetic material inside the mobile phone, when the inductance value deviation presented by the relay antenna is large, under the condition that the resonance capacitance of the relay antenna is not changed, the relay antenna, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna do not resonate at the same working frequency point, and when the frequency difference is far, the resonance effect between the transmitting antenna and the relay antenna is poor, i.e. the transmission efficiency between them is poor, so that the overall energy conversion efficiency is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, due to the difference in coupling strength between the transmitting antenna and the relay antenna, the magnetic lines of force coupled to the relay antenna are few, the inductive coupling strength between the relay antenna and the receiving antenna is also greatly reduced, so that the voltage amplitude value coupled to the receiving antenna is not within the set working range, therefore, the whole system cannot work, the relay coil is provided with at least two resonant capacitor schemes, and the resonant capacitors are automatically selected and switched according to different working environments when the whole system works.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the first ferrite sheet 102 is used to shield the metal and magnetic material around the first transmitting antenna 101;
the second ferrite sheet 103 serves to concentrate magnetic lines of force passing through the first transmitting antenna 101, increasing magnetic flux passing through the first transmitting antenna 101.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the thickness of the second ferrite sheet 103 is the same as that of the first transmission antenna 101.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 16, the center of the third ferrite sheet 202 is opened with a through hole having the same size as the loop of the receiving antenna 301.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, magnetic resonance coupling is adopted between the first transmitting antenna 101 and the relay antenna 201; the relay antenna 201 and the receiving coil 301 are magnetically coupled to each other.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the first transmitting antenna 101 adjusts the inductance value and the Q value of the first transmitting antenna 101 by using a single-layer planar winding, a multi-layer planar winding, or a three-dimensional winding;
the relay antenna 201 adjusts the inductance and Q of the relay antenna 201 by using a single-layer planar winding, a multi-layer planar winding, or a three-dimensional winding.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the inductance value of the first transmitting antenna 101 ranges from 10uH to 150 uH;
the relay antenna 201 performs resonant capacitance switching according to the working environment of the antenna system; the inductance value of the relay antenna 201 ranges from 10uH to 120 uH; the value range of the resonance capacitance of the relay antenna 201 is 9nF-1.75 uF;
in the inductance value range of 10uH-120uH of the relay antenna 201, when the distance between the relay antenna 201 and the transmitting antenna changes, charging devices of different sizes are placed above the receiving antenna 301, the distance between the relay antenna 201 and the receiving antenna 301 changes, or different magnetic materials are placed in the charging devices, the inductance value range of the relay antenna 201 becomes 2uH-130 uH. The winding structures of the transmitting antenna and the relay antenna are not fixed and can be determined according to application scenes and the structures of charged equipment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a magnetic induction transceiver antenna, 101 is a first transmitting antenna formed by winding litz wire, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitting antenna, 301 is a receiving antenna, 302 is a fourth ferrite sheet tightly attached to and above the receiving antenna, and the receiving antenna is formed by winding copper wire.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a magnetic force line distribution diagram between the magnetic induction transceiver antenna and the transceiver antenna when the distance between the magnetic induction transceiver antenna and the transceiver antenna is relatively long, since the magnetic force line distribution around the transmitter antenna is very tight, only a small portion of the magnetic force line can pass through the receiver antenna, on the other hand, due to the size of the magnetic induction wireless charging receiver antenna, the size of the magnetic induction wireless charging receiver antenna is relatively small compared with the transmitter antenna, and the transmission efficiency of the transceiver antenna is very large and is partially determined by the area of the receiver antenna, so that in the structure of the magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver antenna, the magnetic force line passing through the receiver antenna at a long distance rarely causes poor transmission efficiency.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a transceiver antenna and a relay antenna, 101 is a first transmitter antenna formed by winding litz wires, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitter antenna, 103 is a third ferrite sheet at the center of the transmitter antenna, 201 is the relay antenna, 202 is a third ferrite sheet tightly attached to the relay antenna and positioned above a receiver antenna, the center of the third ferrite sheet 202 has a partially cut-off region, 301 is the receiver antenna, 302 is a fourth ferrite sheet tightly attached to the receiver antenna and positioned above the receiver antenna, and the receiver antenna 301 is formed by winding copper wires; the thickness of the ferrite sheet at the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 is substantially equal to the wire diameter of the first transmitting antenna 101, andthe ferrite in the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 corresponds to a magnetic core due to its permeabilityμMuch greater than free space permeability, according toB=μHThe magnetic flux density passing through the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 is increased, and at the same time, the magnetic lines of force become flatter in the vertical direction, which increases the magnetic flux passing through the center of the relay antenna 201, and further increases the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and the ferrite sheet below the first transmitting antenna 101 guides the magnetic line of force of the first transmitting antenna 101 to be distributed to one side of the relay antenna, further increasing the magnetic resonance coupling strength between the first transmitting antenna 101 and the relay antenna 201. Because the coupling between the first transmitting antenna 101 and the relay antenna 201 is magnetic resonance coupling, the magnetic field distribution shows loose coupling, that is, the distribution of the transmitted magnetic lines is loose, and meanwhile, because the size difference between the relay antenna 201 and the first transmitting antenna 101 is not large, most of the magnetic lines transmitted by the first transmitting antenna 101 can also pass through the relay antenna 201 when the distance is long, and too much magnetic leakage phenomenon cannot be caused; a larger hole is formed in the middle of the ferrite sheet tightly attached to the relay antenna 201, the size of the hole is equivalent to that of the receiving antenna 301, the first transmitting antenna 101 and the relay antenna 201 generate resonance coupling, then radio-frequency current is formed on the relay antenna 201, a magnetic field formed by the radio-frequency current on the relay antenna 201 penetrates through the hole to the receiving antenna 301, the magnetic field is in magnetic induction coupling with the receiving antenna 301, and meanwhile, the ferrite sheet tightly attached to the receiving antenna 301 increases the Q value of the receiving antenna 301 and the coupling strength with the relay antenna 201; the transmitting and receiving antenna structure added with the relay antenna 201 has a great improvement in transmission distance compared with the structure only with the transmitting and receiving antenna.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a top view of the transmitting antenna, 101 is a first transmitting antenna formed by winding a litz wire, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitting antenna, 103 is a third ferrite sheet at the center of the transmitting antenna, two end points of the first transmitting antenna 101 are connected with a radio frequency energy input end of the transmitting module, and radio frequency energy enters the transmitting antenna through the radio frequency energy input end of the transmitting module.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a bottom view of a relay antenna and a receiving antenna of a transceiver antenna plus relay antenna structure, 201 is the relay antenna, 202 is a third ferrite sheet tightly attached to and above the relay antenna, a hole is formed in the middle area of the third ferrite sheet 202, the size of the hole is equivalent to that of the receiving antenna, 301 is the receiving antenna, 302 is a fourth ferrite sheet tightly attached to and above the receiving antenna, the receiving antenna 301 and the fourth ferrite sheet 302 are located at the center of the relay antenna 201, and the relay antenna 201 is formed by winding litz or copper wire. Two end points of the relay antenna 201 are connected with two ends of the relay antenna resonant capacitor, two end points of the receiving antenna 301 are connected with the radio frequency input end of the receiving module, and the radio frequency energy inductively coupled is rectified and input to a load through the radio frequency input end of the receiving module for use.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a comparison graph of transmission efficiency of magneto-inductive transceiver antennas with or without relay antennas at different distances, because there are housings above the transmitting antenna and below the receiving antenna, the transmission distance between the transceiver antennas is at least 3mm, curve X is a graph of the transmission efficiency between the transceiver antennas at different transmission distances for magneto-inductive wirelessly charged transceiver antennas, the transmission efficiency between the transceiver antennas is high when the transceiver antennas are very close to each other, but as the transmission distance increases, the transmission efficiency between the transceiver antennas drops sharply, and the transmission efficiency has dropped to almost 0 when the transmission distance between the transceiver antennas reaches 4 cm; the curve Y is a transmission efficiency diagram of the transceiving antennas with the relay antenna between the transceiving antennas at different transmission distances, when the receiving coil and the relay antenna are closely attached or have a close distance, the transmission efficiency between the transceiving antennas is very high, and as the transmission distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna increases, the transmission efficiency between the transceiving antennas does not greatly decrease within a certain range, but slightly decreases, and when the transmission distance reaches 7cm, the transmission efficiency between the transceiving antennas is still over 70%, so that the high-efficiency wireless charging of the electronic device is not affected.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a horizontal degree of freedom diagram of a single transmitting antenna plus a relay antenna, when the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas is 6mm, the transmission efficiency when the central point a of the receiving antenna corresponds to each point in fig. 4, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is high when the central point a of the receiving antenna coincides with the central point F of the transmitting antenna, and when the central point of the relay antenna deviates to the periphery and coincides with each point of the transmitting antenna, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is significantly reduced, that is, magnetic lines of force received by the relay antenna greatly decrease when the relay antenna deviates from the central point to the periphery, thereby causing the reduction of the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas; since the magnetic flux emitted from the transmitting antenna is mainly concentrated at the center of the transmitting antenna, when the relay antenna and the receiving antenna are offset to the periphery, only a part of the magnetic flux can pass through the relay antenna, thereby causing a decrease in coupling strength.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a structure diagram of an inner and outer ring transmitting antenna plus a relay antenna, 104 is a first transmitting outer ring antenna formed by winding litz wire, 105 is a transmitting inner ring antenna, the transmitting outer ring antenna 104 and the transmitting inner ring antenna 105 are connected in series by winding wire, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitting antenna, 103 is a second ferrite sheet in the central area of the transmitting antenna, 201 is a relay antenna, 201 is the relay antenna, 202 is a third ferrite sheet tightly attached to the relay antenna and located above the relay antenna, a part of the central area of the third ferrite sheet 202 is cut off, the size of the cut off part is equivalent to that of a receiving antenna 301, 302 is a fourth ferrite sheet tightly attached to the receiving antenna and located above the receiving antenna, and the receiving antenna 301 is formed by winding copper wire; the inner turn of the transmitting outer-ring antenna 104 is connected with the outer turn of the transmitting inner-ring antenna 105 to form a series relation, and a certain distance is reserved between the innermost turn of the transmitting outer-ring antenna 104 and the outermost turn of the transmitting inner-ring antenna 105; the relay antenna 201 adopts a common spiral winding structure, the thickness of the first ferrite sheet 102 at the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 is substantially equal to the wire diameter of the first transmitting antenna 101, and the second ferrite sheet 103 at the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 corresponds to a magnetic core due to the magnetic permeability of the magnetic coreμMuch greater than free space permeability, according toB=μHThe increased density of the magnetic flux passing through the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 also causes the magnetic lines of force to become more flattened in the vertical direction, increasing the penetrationThe magnetic flux passing through the center of the relay antenna 201 further increases the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas, the lower ferrite sheet is necessary and can make the magnetic lines of force become flat in the vertical direction, thereby slightly reducing the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas, but the reduced transmission efficiency can be ignored compared with the improved transmission efficiency, because the size difference between the relay antenna 201 and the first transmitting antenna 101 is not large, most of the magnetic lines of force emitted by the first transmitting antenna 101 can also pass through the relay antenna 201 when the distance is long, so that too much magnetic leakage phenomenon can not be caused, a large hole is arranged in the middle of the ferrite sheet tightly attached to the relay antenna 201, the magnetic field formed by the radio frequency current on the relay antenna 201 can pass through the hole to the receiving coil, the receiving antenna 301 and the relay antenna 201 are inductively coupled, and meanwhile, the ferrite sheet tightly attached to the receiving antenna 301 and the relay antenna 201 can make the magnetic field near the relay antenna 201 become flat in the vertical direction Flat, so the coupling distance between the receiving antenna 301 and the relay antenna 201 will be very close; the transmission efficiency does not change greatly when the first transmitting antenna 101 moves from the center to the periphery, that is, the transmission efficiency is not reduced obviously when the first transmitting antenna 101 and the receiving antenna 301 move from the center to the periphery of the first transmitting antenna 101 because the magnetic field distribution of the first transmitting antenna 101 is looser due to the structure of the first transmitting antenna 101, a part of magnetic lines of force pass through the space between the inner turn of the transmitting outer-ring antenna 104 and the outer turn of the transmitting inner-ring antenna 105, and the part of magnetic lines of force can pass through the relay antenna 201 when the relay antenna 201 and the receiving antenna 301 move towards the periphery, so that the overall transmission efficiency is not reduced obviously when the relay antenna 201 and the receiving antenna 301 move towards the periphery.
As shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a top view of the inner and outer ring transmitting antennas, 104 is a transmitting outer ring antenna formed by winding litz wires, 105 is a transmitting inner ring antenna, 104 and 105 are connected in series by winding wires, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitting antenna, 103 is a second ferrite sheet in the central area of the transmitting antenna, the end points of 104 and 105 of the transmitting outer ring antenna and the transmitting inner ring antenna are connected with the rf energy input end of the transmitting module, and the rf energy enters the transmitting antenna through the rf energy input end of the transmitting module.
As shown in fig. 10, fig. 10 is a horizontal degree of freedom diagram of the inner and outer loop transmitting antennas plus the relay antenna, when the central point a of the relay antenna coincides with the central point F of the transmitting antenna, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is very high, corresponding to the transmission efficiency at the point B-the point J in fig. 8, when the central point of the relay antenna shifts to the periphery and coincides with each point of the transmitting antenna, although the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas decreases to different degrees, the decrease amplitude is not large, and the transmission efficiency in the whole plane is properly improved, which shows that the transmitting structure not only can improve the horizontal degree of freedom but also can improve the coupling strength between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and the relay antenna still receives most of magnetic lines of force of the relay antenna when the relay antenna shifts from the central position to the periphery, because the magnetic lines of force emitted by the transmitting antenna are distributed more dispersedly, the space above the whole transmitting antenna is basically covered, when the relay antenna and the receiving antenna are deviated to the periphery, most of magnetic lines of force can still pass through the relay antenna, and therefore the whole horizontal degree of freedom is higher.
As shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 is a structure diagram of an inner and outer ring transmitting antenna and an inner and outer ring relay antenna, 104 is a transmitting outer ring antenna formed by winding litz wire, 105 is a transmitting inner ring antenna formed by winding litz wire, 104 and 105 are connected in series by winding wire, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitting antenna, 103 is a second ferrite sheet in the central area of the transmitting antenna, 203 is a relay outer ring antenna, 204 is a relay inner ring antenna, 203 and 204 are connected in series by winding wire, 201 is formed by winding litz wire, 202 is a third ferrite sheet tightly attached to and above the relay antenna, 202 has a part of cut in the central area, the size of the cut part is equivalent to that of the receiving antenna, 301 is a receiving antenna, and 301 is formed by winding copper wire; 302 is a fourth ferrite piece placed close to and above the receiving antenna, the first transmitting antenna101 is composed of a transmitting outer ring antenna 104 and a transmitting inner ring antenna 105, the innermost turn of the transmitting outer ring antenna 104 is connected with the outermost turn of the transmitting inner ring antenna 105, so as to form an antenna connected in series, and a certain distance is reserved between the innermost turn of the transmitting outer ring antenna 104 and the outermost turn of the transmitting inner ring antenna 105. In order to further improve the coupling strength between a relay antenna and a receiving antenna and further achieve the purpose of improving the overall horizontal degree of freedom and the transmission efficiency of a transmitting-receiving antenna, the relay antenna is of an inner-outer-ring winding structure, and an inner turn of an outer-ring antenna is connected with an outer turn of an inner-ring antenna to form series connection; the thickness of the ferrite sheet at the center of the transmitting antenna is substantially equal to the wire diameter of the transmitting antenna, and the ferrite at the center of the transmitting antenna is equivalent to the magnetic core due to the magnetic permeability of the magnetic coreμMuch greater than free space permeability, according toB=μHThe magnetic flux density passing through the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 is increased, and the magnetic force lines are also flattened in the vertical direction, so that the magnetic flux passing through the center of the relay antenna is increased, and further, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is increased, while the lower ferrite sheet is necessary, and the magnetic force lines are flattened in the horizontal direction, so that the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is slightly reduced, but the reduced transmission efficiency is negligible compared with the improved transmission efficiency, because the sizes of the relay antenna and the transmitting antenna are not greatly different, most of the magnetic force lines emitted by the transmitting coil can also pass through the relay antenna when the distance is far away, so that too much magnetic leakage phenomenon is avoided, a larger hole is arranged in the middle of the ferrite sheet close to the relay antenna, and the resonant coupling between the transmitting antenna and the relay antenna forms radio frequency current on the relay antenna, a magnetic field formed by radio frequency current on the relay antenna penetrates through the hole to the receiving coil, the receiving coil is coupled with the relay antenna, and meanwhile, the ferrite sheet tightly attached to the receiving coil and the relay antenna enables the magnetic field near the relay antenna to be flat in the vertical direction, so that the coupling distance between the receiving coil and the relay antenna is very close; the winding structure of the relay antenna ensures that a certain distance is arranged above the relay antenna of the receiving antenna, and the transmission efficiency does not change greatly when the relay antenna moves towards the periphery from the center position, namely the receiving antenna moves towards the side from the center of the relay antennaThe transmission efficiency is not obviously reduced because the magnetic field distribution of the transmitting antenna becomes looser due to the structure of the relay antenna, the overall transmission efficiency is not influenced because the distance between the relay antenna and the transmitting and receiving antenna is very short, and the coupling strength of magnetic induction between the relay antenna and the receiving antenna is not reduced because the receiving antenna is offset from the center of the relay antenna under the condition of the relay structure.
As shown in fig. 12, fig. 12 is a bottom view of the relay antenna and the receiving antenna of the inner and outer loop transmitting antenna plus inner and outer loop relay antenna configuration; 203 is a relay outer ring antenna, 204 is a relay inner ring antenna, the inner ring and the outer ring of the relay antenna are connected in series through a winding, the relay antenna 201 is formed by winding a litz wire, 202 is a third ferrite sheet which is tightly attached to the relay antenna and is positioned above the relay antenna, a part of the central area of the third ferrite sheet 202 is cut off, the size of the cut off part is equivalent to that of the receiving antenna 301, 301 is a receiving antenna, and the receiving antenna 301 is formed by winding a copper wire; 302 is a fourth ferrite piece placed against and above the receive antenna; the relay inner ring antenna 204 is located at the center of the relay outer ring antenna 203, the receiving antenna 301 is located at the center of the relay antenna 201, namely the centers of the relay outer ring antenna 203, the relay inner ring antenna 204 and the receiving antenna 301 are overlapped, the end point of the relay outer ring antenna 203 and the end point of the relay inner ring antenna 204 are connected with two ends of the resonant capacitor, two end points of the receiving antenna 301 are connected with the radio frequency input end of the receiving module, and the inductively coupled radio frequency energy is input to a load through the radio frequency input end of the receiving module through rectification.
As shown in fig. 13, fig. 13 is a diagram of an inner ring offset structure of an inner and outer ring relay antenna and a relay antenna, 104 is a litz wire-wound transmitting outer ring antenna, 105 is a transmitting inner ring antenna, 104 and 105 are connected in series by a winding wire, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitting antenna, 103 is a second ferrite sheet in the central region of the transmitting antenna, 203 is a relay outer ring antenna, 204 is a relay inner ring antenna, 203 and 204 are connected in series by a winding wire, a relay antenna 201 is formed by litz wire-wound, 202 is a third ferrite sheet tightly attached to and above the relay antenna, and 202 is a third ferrite sheetA part of the inner area of the receiving antenna is cut off, the size of the cut off part is equivalent to that of the receiving antenna 301, 301 is the receiving antenna, the receiving antenna 301 is formed by winding a copper wire, and 302 is a fourth ferrite sheet which is tightly attached to the receiving antenna and is positioned above the receiving antenna; the first transmitting antenna 101 is composed of an outer transmitting ring antenna 104 and an inner transmitting ring antenna 105, an innermost turn of the outer transmitting ring antenna 104 is connected with an outermost turn of the inner transmitting ring antenna 105 to form a series connection relationship, and a certain distance is reserved between the innermost turn of the outer transmitting ring antenna 104 and the outermost turn of the inner transmitting ring antenna 105. In order to further improve the overall energy conversion efficiency between the transceiving antennas, the structure of the relay antenna is adjusted, the relay antenna is of an inner ring offset winding structure, the relay antenna is also divided into an inner ring winding and an outer ring winding, the inner turn of the outer ring antenna is connected with the outer turn of the inner ring antenna to form a series relation, and the relay antenna is different from the transmitting antenna in that the inner turn of the outer ring antenna is close to the outer turn of the inner ring antenna in the directions of two long sides and one short side of the relay antenna, namely the inner turn of the outer ring antenna and the outer turn of the inner ring antenna only have a certain distance in one direction, and the distance is in one direction of the short side; the central position of the inner ring antenna is the hollow position of the ferrite and is also the position of the receiving antenna; the thickness of the ferrite sheet at the center of the transmitting antenna is substantially equal to the wire diameter of the transmitting antenna, and the ferrite at the center of the transmitting antenna is equivalent to the magnetic core due to the magnetic permeability of the magnetic coreμMuch greater than free space permeability, according toB=μHThe magnetic flux density passing through the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 is increased, magnetic lines of force are enabled to be flatter in the vertical direction, the magnetic flux passing through the center of the relay antenna is increased, and further the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is increased, the ferrite sheet below is necessary, the magnetic lines of force can be enabled to be flattened in the horizontal direction, so that the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is slightly reduced, but the reduced transmission efficiency can be ignored compared with the improved transmission efficiency, because the sizes of the relay antenna and the transmitting antenna are not greatly different, most of the magnetic lines of force emitted by the transmitting coil can also pass through the relay antenna when the distance is far away, too much magnetic leakage phenomenon cannot be caused, a larger hole is formed in the middle of the ferrite sheet tightly attached to the relay antenna, and the relay antenna is not easy to be damaged, so that the magnetic flux density of the magnetic lines of force passing through the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 is increasedA magnetic field formed by radio frequency current on the wire penetrates through the hole to the receiving coil, the receiving coil is coupled with the relay antenna, and meanwhile, the ferrite sheet tightly attached to the receiving coil and the relay antenna enables the magnetic field near the relay antenna to be flat in the vertical direction, so that the coupling distance between the receiving coil and the relay antenna is very close; the transmission efficiency is not changed greatly when the relay antenna and the receiving antenna move towards the periphery from the center, namely the transmission efficiency is not reduced obviously when the relay antenna and the receiving antenna move towards the side from the center of the transmitting antenna, because the magnetic field distribution of the transmitting antenna is looser by the structure of the transmitting antenna, a part of magnetic lines of force pass through the space between the inner turn of the outer ring antenna and the outer turn of the inner ring antenna, and the part of magnetic lines of force can pass through the relay antenna when the relay antenna and the receiving antenna move towards the side, so that the integral transmission efficiency is reduced obviously when the relay antenna and the receiving coil are on the side; the special-shaped winding structure of the relay antenna is used for deviating one end of the relay antenna, which is axially provided with the receiving antenna, and if the relay antenna adopts a mode of tightly winding in all directions, the magnetic field distribution of the relay antenna is a symmetrical distribution structure taking the central point of the relay antenna as an axis, and because the position of the receiving antenna relative to the relay antenna is deviated to one side, only a small part of magnetic lines of force passing through the receiving antenna are generated, so that the overall transmission efficiency is very low due to the winding structure, and the asymmetrical winding structure deviated in a certain direction changes the magnetic line distribution of the relay antenna into asymmetrical distribution taking the central point of the receiving antenna as an axis, but basically all the magnetic lines of force pass through the receiving coil, namely, most of energy which can be coupled to the relay antenna by the receiving coil greatly improves the overall energy transmission efficiency, and the asymmetrical structure design of the relay antenna is derived from the position of the receiving antenna for magnetic induction built-in the mobile phone on the back of the mobile phone, the receiving antenna for magnetic induction wireless charging built in the mobile phone is positioned at the central position of the back of the mobile phone, and the relay antenna only occupies a rectangular area below the camera on the back of the mobile phone, so that the receiving antenna for magnetic induction wireless charging built in the mobile phone is determined not to be arrangedIn order to couple more energy to the reception by magnetic induction, the magnetic field distribution axis of the relay antenna needs to be shifted to the reception antenna for magnetic induction wireless charging built in the mobile phone.
As shown in fig. 14, fig. 14 is a bottom view of the relay antenna and the receiving antenna of the inner and outer loop relay antenna plus the offset structure of the inner loop of the relay antenna; 203 is a relay outer ring antenna, 204 is a relay inner ring antenna, 203 and 204 are an antenna connected together through a winding, 202 is a third ferrite sheet tightly attached to the relay antenna and positioned above the relay antenna, 301 is a receiving antenna, 302 is a fourth ferrite sheet tightly attached to the receiving antenna and positioned above the receiving antenna, the end point of the relay outer ring antenna 203 and the end point of the relay inner ring antenna 204 are connected with the two ends of a resonant capacitor, the two end points of the receiving antenna 301 are connected with the radio frequency input end of a receiving module, and inductively coupled radio frequency energy is input to a load through the radio frequency input end of the receiving module through rectification; the purpose of this structure is to shift the axis of the magnetic field generated by the relay antenna 201 to the side where the receiving antenna 301 and the relay inner ring antenna 204 are shifted, so that the axis of the magnetic field generated by the relay antenna 201 coincides with the axis of the receiving antenna 301 to allow the receiving antenna 301 to receive as many magnetic lines of force as possible, thereby increasing the coupling strength between the relay antenna 201 and the receiving antenna 301, and further improving the overall transmission efficiency.
As shown in fig. 15, fig. 15 is a graph showing a correspondence relationship between transmission distance transmission efficiencies of the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 1, the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 3, and the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 11. The curve U is a transmission efficiency diagram of the magnetically inductive transceiving antennas corresponding to fig. 1 at different transmission distances, where the transmission efficiency between the transceiving antennas is high when the transceiving antennas are close to each other, but the transmission efficiency between the transceiving antennas is sharply decreased as the transmission distance increases, and the transmission efficiency is already decreased to almost 0 when the transmission distance between the transceiving antennas reaches 4 cm. Curve V is the relationship between the transmission efficiency and the transmission distance of the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 3, and when the transmission antenna, the relay antenna and the receiving distance are closer, the overall transmission efficiency is better, and as the transmission distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna increases, the overall transmission efficiency decreases faster. Curve W is the relationship between the transmission efficiency and the transmission distance of the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 11, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is very high when the transmitting and receiving antennas are closer, and the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is still very high with the increase of the distance; that is, the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 11 has a great improvement in transmission distance with respect to the antenna structure corresponding to fig. 3, and this improvement comes from structural change of the relay antenna, and with respect to the relay antenna structure of fig. 3, the relay antenna of fig. 11 is divided into an inner-outer-ring antenna, and the relay antenna and the receiving antenna belong to magnetic inductive coupling, and when the relay antenna has an inner ring, the size of this part of antenna is equivalent to that of the receiving antenna, and magnetic lines of force are distributed more densely with respect to only the outer-ring antenna, so that the transmission efficiency between the relay antenna and the receiving antenna is improved, and therefore, as the transmission efficiency between the receiving and transmitting antennas increases, the overall transmission efficiency is higher; the change curves of the transmission efficiency of the three structures along with the transmission distance are obviously shown in fig. 15, the transmission distance of the common magnetic induction wireless charging is very short, the magnetic induction transmission distance is obviously improved by increasing the magnetic resonance relay coupling mode to the magnetic induction wireless charging technology, and the magnetic resonance relay antenna structure is adjusted according to a specific application scene, so that the magnetic induction wireless charging transmission efficiency is further improved.
As shown in fig. 16, fig. 16 is a structural diagram of an inner and outer loop transmitting antenna, an inner and outer loop relay antenna, a receiving antenna, and a magnetic inductive transmitting antenna, 104 is a litz wire wound transmitting outer loop antenna, 105 is a transmitting inner loop antenna, 104 and 105 are connected in series by a wire, 102 is a first ferrite sheet closely attached to a first transmitting antenna, 106 is a second transmitting antenna, 103 is a second ferrite sheet closely attached to a lower part of a second transmitting antenna 106 in a central area of the first transmitting antenna, the first transmitting antenna 101 and the second transmitting antenna 106 are formed by litz wire winding, 203 is a relay outer loop antenna204 is a relay inner ring antenna, 203 and 204 are connected in series through a winding, the relay antenna 201 is formed by winding litz wires, 202 is a third ferrite sheet which is tightly attached to the relay antenna and is positioned above the relay antenna, a part of the inner area of the third ferrite sheet 202 is cut off, the shape and the size of the cut off part are equivalent to those of a receiving antenna 301, 301 is a receiving antenna, the receiving antenna 301 is formed by winding copper wires, and 302 is a fourth ferrite sheet which is tightly attached to the receiving antenna and is positioned above the receiving antenna; the first transmitting antenna 101 is composed of an outer transmitting ring antenna 104 and an inner transmitting ring antenna 105, an innermost turn of the outer transmitting ring antenna 104 is connected with an outermost turn of the inner transmitting ring antenna 105 to form a series connection relationship, and a certain distance is reserved between the innermost turn of the outer transmitting ring antenna 104 and the outermost turn of the inner transmitting ring antenna 105. In order to further improve the overall energy conversion efficiency of the transceiving antenna in the whole transmission distance, the structure of the transmitting antenna is adjusted, because the overall coupling distance of the first transmitting antenna is far, when the distances between the relay antenna, the receiving antenna and the first transmitting antenna are very close, the overcoupling phenomenon can occur between the first transmitting antenna and the relay antenna, the transmission efficiency is very low at the moment, and the overall energy conversion efficiency is very low, the structure of the transmitting antenna is changed into the structure of adding the magnetic induction transmitting antenna between the inner and outer ring antennas, when the distances between the transmitting antenna, the relay antenna and the receiving antenna are very far, the first transmitting antenna works, the second transmitting antenna stops working, when the distances between the transmitting antenna, the relay antenna and the receiving antenna are close, the transmitting antenna is switched to work of the second transmitting antenna, and the magnetic resonance coupling is also formed between the second transmitting antenna and the relay antenna, the size of the second transmitting antenna is smaller and the size of the second transmitting antenna is not greatly different from that of the relay antenna, so that the problem of serious overcoupling does not exist when the transmission distance is short, the transceiving antennas are in a strong coupling state in the whole transmission distance, and high-efficiency wireless electric energy transmission is realized; when the first transmitting antenna is operated, the ferrite under the second transmitting antenna is equivalent to a magnetic core due to the magnetic permeability of the magnetic coreμMuch greater than free space permeability, according toB=μHThe magnetic flux density passing through the center of the first transmitting antenna 101 is increased, and the magnetic line of force is also made to be verticalThe ferrite sheet below is necessary, the magnetic force lines of the first transmitting antenna can be flattened in the horizontal direction, so that the transmission efficiency between the transmitting and receiving antennas is slightly reduced, but the reduced transmission efficiency can be ignored compared with the improved transmission efficiency, as the sizes of the relay antenna and the transmitting antenna are not greatly different, most of the magnetic force lines of the first transmitting antenna can also pass through the relay antenna when the distance is far away, so that too many magnetic leakage phenomena can not be caused, a larger hole is arranged in the middle of the ferrite sheet close to the relay antenna, a magnetic field formed by radio-frequency current on the relay antenna can pass through the hole to the receiving coil, the receiving coil is coupled with the relay antenna, and meanwhile, the ferrite sheet close to the receiving coil and the relay antenna can ensure that the magnetic field near the relay antenna is changed in the vertical direction The coupling distance between the receiving coil and the relay antenna is very close because of the flatness; the transmission efficiency is not changed greatly when the relay antenna and the receiving antenna move towards the periphery from the center position due to the winding structure of the first transmitting antenna, namely the transmission efficiency is not obviously reduced when the relay antenna and the receiving antenna move towards the side from the center of the transmitting antenna;
as shown in fig. 17, fig. 17 is a top view of an inner and outer ring transmitting antenna and a magnetic induction transmitting antenna, 104 is an outer transmitting ring antenna formed by winding litz wires, 105 is an inner transmitting ring antenna, 104 and 105 are connected in series by winding wires, 102 is a first ferrite sheet tightly attached to the transmitting antenna, 106 is a second transmitting antenna, 103 is a second ferrite sheet tightly attached to 106 in the central area of the transmitting antenna, the end point of the outer transmitting ring antenna 104 and the end point of the inner transmitting ring antenna 105 are connected with the rf energy input end of the transmitting module, and the rf energy enters the transmitting antenna through the rf energy input end of the transmitting module. Two ends of the second transmitting antenna 106 are connected to the rf energy input end of the transmitting module, and the rf energy enters the transmitting antenna through the rf energy input end of the transmitting module. And switching the working state of the transmitting antenna according to the transmission distance, namely, when the transmission distance is short, the second transmitting antenna works, the first transmitting antenna does not work, and when the transmission distance is long, the second transmitting antenna does not work, and the first transmitting antenna works.
As shown in fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a single-layer planar wire antenna, in which the antenna structure is a planar wire structure and has only one layer of coil, and the antenna structure can be used as a transmitting antenna and a relay antenna.
As shown in fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a planar wire-wound antenna with multiple layers, where the antenna structure has more than one layer, and after one layer of antenna is wound, multiple layers of antenna are wound on the layer of antenna to increase the inductance and Q value of the antenna, and the antenna structure can also be used as a transmitting antenna and a relay antenna, and the antenna structures of fig. 16 and 17 can be used together in the same antenna structure.
As shown in fig. 20, fig. 20 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional type wire antenna, which is a three-dimensional type wire structure, and a rectangular parallelepiped three-dimensional antenna is formed by a three-dimensional wire winding manner, and the antenna structure can be used as a transmitting antenna and a relay antenna.
The transmitting antenna is a planar multi-turn coil and is formed by winding litz wires, a ferrite sheet is arranged below the transmitting antenna, and a hard ferrite sheet is arranged in the central area. The receiving antenna is a planar multi-turn coil and is formed by winding a copper wire, and a ferrite sheet is arranged below the receiving antenna. The relay coupling coil is a planar multi-turn coil, the relay antenna is formed by winding litz wires or copper wires, ferrite is arranged below the relay antenna, and a part of the hollow area is provided with no ferrite sheet.
The transmitting antenna is arranged below the relay antenna and the receiving coil, the relay coupling coil is arranged between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the relay antenna and the transmitting antenna are far away, and a certain distance is reserved between the relay antenna and the receiving coil or the relay antenna is tightly attached to the receiving coil.
The working principle and the process of the invention are as follows: the invention utilizes the relay antenna to increase the coupling distance between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, thereby improving the charging distance and the horizontal degree of freedom of magnetic induction wireless charging and further increasing the overall charging efficiency. Under the condition of not adding a relay antenna, the coupling distance between a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna is very close, the coupling strength between a transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is reduced in a cliff mode along with the increase of the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, meanwhile, the transmission efficiency is also reduced sharply, and even if the transmission efficiency between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is greatly reduced along with the deviation of the center of the transmitting antenna in a close distance, in order to improve the defect, the invention adopts the design of the transmitting antenna and the relay coupling, so that the coupling strength between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is greatly increased, the integral coupling distance and the horizontal degree of freedom between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are improved, and the coupling strength between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is basically kept unchanged along with the increase of the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna within a certain distance; and along with the deviation of the receiving antenna from the center of the transmitting antenna to the periphery in the whole charging distance range, the transmission efficiency between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can not be obviously reduced.
Through the magnetic resonance coupling between the transmitting antenna and the relay antenna, radio frequency current is formed on the relay antenna, and then a magnetic field which is uniformly distributed is formed around the whole relay antenna by the radio frequency current. The receiving coil is inductively coupled with the relay antenna when being in the magnetic field of the relay antenna so as to be coupled to energy; and because the sizes of the relay antenna and the transmitting antenna are not greatly different, and the transmitting antenna and the relay antenna are loosely coupled, the relay antenna can be coupled to most of magnetic lines of force emitted by the transmitting antenna, so that the transmission distance between the receiving antennas of the transmitting antenna can be greatly increased.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. An antenna system for improving the coupling strength of a magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end is characterized by comprising a first transmitting antenna (101), a first ferrite sheet (102), a second ferrite sheet (103), a second transmitting antenna (106), a relay antenna (201), a third ferrite sheet (202), a receiving antenna (301) and a fourth ferrite sheet (302);
the first ferrite sheet (102) is tightly attached to the lower part of the first transmitting antenna (101); the second transmitting antenna (106) is arranged at the center of the first transmitting antenna (101); the second ferrite sheet (103) is arranged at the center of the first transmitting antenna (101) and is tightly attached to the lower part of the second transmitting antenna (106); the relay antenna (201) is arranged above the first transmitting antenna (101); the receiving antenna (301) is arranged above the relay antenna (201); the third ferrite sheet (202) is tightly attached to the upper side of the relay antenna (201); the fourth ferrite sheet (302) is tightly attached to the upper part of the receiving antenna (301);
the first transmitting antenna (101) comprises a transmitting outer ring antenna (104) and a transmitting inner ring antenna (105); the transmitting outer ring antenna (104) and the transmitting inner ring antenna (105) are used for improving the horizontal degree of freedom between the first transmitting antenna (101) and the receiving antenna (301);
the transmitting outer ring antenna (104) and the transmitting inner ring antenna (105) are both annular; the innermost turn of the transmitting outer ring antenna (104) is connected with the outermost turn of the transmitting inner ring antenna (105), and the innermost turn of the transmitting outer ring antenna (104) is not adjacent to the outermost turn of the transmitting inner ring antenna (105);
the transmitting outer ring antenna (104) and the transmitting inner ring antenna (105) are circular, rectangular or polygonal, and the edges and corners of the turns of the transmitting outer ring antenna (104) and the transmitting inner ring antenna (105) are smooth circular arc structures;
the relay antenna (201) comprises a relay outer ring antenna (203) and a relay inner ring antenna (204); the relay antenna (201) adopts an offset winding structure; the relay outer ring antenna (203) and the relay inner ring antenna (204) are both annular; the innermost turn of the relay outer ring antenna (203) is connected with the outermost turn of the relay inner ring antenna (204);
the relay outer ring antenna (203) and the relay inner ring antenna (204) are circular, rectangular or polygonal, and the edges and corners of the relay outer ring antenna (203) and the relay inner ring antenna (204) are both of smooth circular arc structures.
2. The antenna system for improving the coupling strength of the magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting outer loop antenna (104) and the transmitting inner loop antenna (105) are spirally wound by litz wire; the second transmitting antenna (106) is spirally wound by litz wire; the relay outer ring antenna (203) and the relay inner ring antenna (204) are spirally wound by copper wires or litz wires; the receiving antenna (301) is spirally wound by a copper wire or a litz wire.
3. The antenna system for improving the coupling strength of a magnetically inductive wireless charging transceiver end according to claim 1, wherein the first ferrite plate (102) is used for shielding metal and magnetic materials around the first transmitting antenna (101);
the second ferrite sheet (103) is used for concentrating magnetic lines of force passing through the first transmitting antenna (101) and increasing magnetic flux passing through the first transmitting antenna (101).
4. The antenna system for improving the coupling strength of a magneto-inductive wireless charging transceiver end of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second ferrite sheet (103) is the same as the thickness of the first transmitting antenna (101).
5. The antenna system for improving the coupling strength of the magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end according to claim 1, wherein the third ferrite sheet (202) has a through hole opened at the center thereof, and the size of the through hole is the same as that of the loop of the receiving antenna (301).
6. The antenna system for improving the coupling strength of the magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end according to claim 1, wherein the first transmitting antenna (101) and the relay antenna (201) are coupled by magnetic resonance; and the relay antenna (201) and the receiving coil (301) are coupled by magnetic induction.
7. The antenna system for improving the coupling strength of the magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end according to claim 1, wherein the first transmitting antenna (101) adjusts the inductance value and the Q value of the first transmitting antenna (101) by adopting a single-layer planar winding, a multi-layer planar winding or a three-dimensional winding;
the inductance value and the Q value of the relay antenna (201) are adjusted by the relay antenna (201) in a single-layer plane winding mode, a multi-layer plane winding mode or a three-dimensional winding mode.
8. The antenna system for improving the coupling strength of the magnetic induction wireless charging transceiver end according to claim 1, wherein the inductance value of the first transmitting antenna (101) ranges from 10uH to 150 uH;
the relay antenna (201) performs resonant capacitance switching according to the working environment of the antenna system; the inductance value range of the relay antenna (201) is 10uH-120 uH; the value range of the resonance capacitance of the relay antenna (201) is 9nF-1.75 uF;
in the inductance value range of 10uH-120uH of the relay antenna (201), when the distance between the relay antenna (201) and the transmitting antenna is changed, charging equipment with different sizes is placed above the receiving antenna (301), the distance between the relay antenna (201) and the receiving antenna (301) is changed or different magnetic materials are arranged in the charging equipment, the inductance value range of the relay antenna (201) is changed to 2uH-130 uH.
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