CN113675489A - Method for forming and screening bad cells - Google Patents
Method for forming and screening bad cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN113675489A CN113675489A CN202110746224.7A CN202110746224A CN113675489A CN 113675489 A CN113675489 A CN 113675489A CN 202110746224 A CN202110746224 A CN 202110746224A CN 113675489 A CN113675489 A CN 113675489A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer batteries, and relates to a method for forming and screening bad cells. The method for screening the bad cells in the formation mode comprises the steps of charging the cells through current, judging whether the cells are abnormal or not by utilizing whether the voltage of the cells drops within a certain charging time, and in the formation charging process, performing the formation step charging according to currents with different multiplying powers, wherein the voltage drops; the screening method is rapid and accurate, is safe and simple to operate in formation equipment, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, improves the efficiency and greatly reduces the labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer batteries, and relates to a method for forming and screening bad cells.
Background
In the current manufacturing process of polymer battery cells, formation is a key process. The former process of formation is bad, for example moisture exceeds standard, inside short circuit, cladding are bad etc. are bad, if can't choose can influence electric core performance and safety, and the bad electric core of moisture flows out can lead to electric core capacity low, poor scheduling problem of circulation, and inside short circuit and the bad electric core of cladding flow out can lead to electric core self discharge big, and the formation in-process can take place the burning, causes irrecoverable economic loss.
The polymer battery cell with the undesirable problems of excessive moisture, internal short circuit, poor coating and the like is picked out before the formation process, so that the performance and safety of the battery cell are prevented from being influenced, and the problem of irrecoverable economic loss caused by combustion in the formation process is avoided.
At present, the conventional screening is poor in procedure identification after formation, a capacity-grading procedure screens out an electric core with excessive moisture content through capacity and gas production conditions, an OCV procedure screens out an internal short circuit and a coated poor electric core through an aged voltage drop level, the problem of poor electric core identification is delayed, a combustion safety problem possibly occurs before screening, the screening accuracy is reduced due to the influence of equipment, an aging process, personnel and environment, and the poor electric core flows out to a client, so that a method for forming and screening the poor electric core is needed to be provided, and the problem is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for forming and screening bad cells with high efficiency and good safety performance aiming at the problems of the prior art of polymer cells.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a method of formation screening for defective cells, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, cell loading: placing the battery cell with good electrolyte infiltration into formation equipment, and then clamping the battery cell;
s2, formation charging: step charging is carried out on the battery cell by current;
s3, checking: after step charging, rejecting unqualified cells according to voltage variation;
s4, selecting a bad battery cell: and (5) finishing formation, and selecting the rejected unqualified battery cell as a bad battery cell.
The invention charges the battery cell through current, judges whether the battery cell is abnormal by using whether the voltage of the battery cell drops within a certain charging time, intercepts, rejects and discards bad battery cells, and screens out battery cells with over-standard moisture, internal short circuit and bad cladding.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the clamping pressure in step S1 is 0.5-2.0 MPa.
In the method for screening defective cells, the step charging includes two-stage or multi-stage charging. The invention is beneficial to the battery cell to form a good SEI film through a step charging mode, improves the cycle performance and can greatly shorten the formation time.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the charging current in step S2 is 0.1-2.0C.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the cell voltage after step charging in step S2 is 1.0-4.45V.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the step S2 is performed by a step charging method, wherein the first-stage current is 0.1-0.5C, and the second-stage current is 0.5-2.0C.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the cell voltage after the first stage of the step charging is 1.0-3.5V, and the cell voltage after the second stage of the step charging is 3.5-4.45V. When the voltage of the first stage is 1.0-3.5V, the moisture exceeding battery cell is reduced in the voltage stage during charging, so that the moisture exceeding battery cell can be quickly screened out. When the voltage of the second stage is 3.5-4.45V, the electric core with internal short circuit and poor coating begins to self-discharge when being charged to more than 3.5V, and the voltage drops, so that the electric core with internal short circuit and poor coating can be quickly screened out.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the cells removed in the first stage of the step charging are cells with voltage instantly reduced by 0.1-3500mV, continuously reduced for more than 2-10 times and accumulated reduced times for more than 2-10 times.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the cells rejected in the second stage of step charging are cells with voltage instantly reduced by 0.1-4450mV, continuously reduced for more than 2-10 times and accumulated reduced times for more than 2-10 times.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the forming equipment has a function of rejecting the cells.
Preferably, the formation equipment is vertical or horizontal.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, one of the instantaneous cell voltage drop value, the continuous drop times and the accumulated drop times exceeds the standard, namely, the cells are intercepted and removed.
In the method for forming and screening the bad cells, the bad cells comprise one or more of excessive moisture, internal short circuit and poor coating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for screening the bad cells in the formation mode comprises the steps of charging the cells through current, judging whether the cells are abnormal or not by utilizing whether the voltage of the cells drops within a certain charging time, and in the formation charging process, performing the formation step charging according to currents with different multiplying powers, wherein the voltage drops; the screening method is rapid and accurate, is safe and simple to operate in formation equipment, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, improves the efficiency and greatly reduces the labor cost.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1:
s1, soaking a good battery cell with electrolyte after injection with the model number of thickness multiplied by width multiplied by height multiplied by 4.5mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 80mm, safely putting the battery cell into formation equipment, ensuring that a battery cell main body is not exposed, effectively contacting a lug with a charging circuit board, using vertical equipment for formation, and enabling equipment software to have the function of removing bad battery cells;
s2, starting equipment to clamp the battery cell, and clamping the battery cell according to the pressure of 1.0 MPa;
s3, charging the battery cell by the formation according to different multiplying power current steps, and adopting two-step charging;
s4, after the flow is sent in step S3When the first-stage current is 0.1C, the cell voltage begins to increase, and the cell voltage V is detected1When the voltage is 1.0-3.5V, the voltage V is screened1Instantly dropping the battery cell of 0.1-3500mV, stopping charging, continuously dropping for more than 2-10 times, accumulating for more than 2-10 times, and removing the battery cell with excessive water, internal short circuit and poor coating;
s5, continuously increasing the cell voltage remained in the step S4, wherein the current in the second stage is 2.0C, and detecting the cell voltage V2When the voltage is 3.5-4.45V, the voltage V is screened2The battery cell which is instantly dropped by 0.1-4450mV drops for more than 2-10 times continuously, the accumulated dropping times exceed 2-10 times, the charging is stopped, and the battery cell with internal short circuit and poor coating is removed;
and S6, selecting the removed battery cells according to the prompt after the formation is finished.
Example 2:
s1, soaking a good battery cell with electrolyte after injection with the model number of thickness multiplied by width multiplied by height multiplied by 4.5mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 80mm, safely putting the battery cell into formation equipment, ensuring that a battery cell main body is not exposed, effectively contacting a lug with a charging circuit board, using horizontal equipment for formation, and enabling equipment software to have the function of removing bad battery cells;
s2, starting equipment to clamp the battery cell, and clamping the battery cell according to the pressure of 0.5 MPa;
s3, charging the battery cell by the formation according to different multiplying power current steps, and charging in two steps;
s4, after the flow is sent in the step S3, the current in the first stage is 0.1C, the cell voltage starts to increase, and the cell voltage V is detected1When the voltage is 1.0-3.5V, screening out the battery cell with the voltage V1 instantly reduced by 0.1-3500mV, stopping charging, continuously reducing for more than 2-10 times, accumulating for more than 2-10 times of reduction, and removing the battery cells with overproof water, internal short circuit and poor coating;
s5, continuously increasing the cell voltage remained in the step S4, wherein the current in the second stage is 0.5C, and detecting the cell voltage V2When the voltage is 3.5-4.45V, the voltage V is screened2The battery cell which is instantly dropped by 0.1-4450mV drops for more than 2-10 times continuously, the accumulated dropping times exceed 2-10 times, the charging is stopped, and the battery cell with internal short circuit and poor coating is removed;
and S6, selecting the removed battery cells according to the prompt after the formation is finished.
Example 3:
s1, soaking a good battery cell with electrolyte after injection with the model number of thickness multiplied by width multiplied by height multiplied by 4.5mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 80mm, safely putting the battery cell into formation equipment, ensuring that a battery cell main body is not exposed, effectively contacting a lug with a charging circuit board, using vertical equipment for formation, and enabling equipment software to have the function of removing bad battery cells;
s2, starting equipment to clamp the battery cell, and clamping the battery cell according to the pressure of 2.0 MPa;
s3, charging the battery cell by the formation according to different multiplying power current steps, and charging in two steps;
s4, after the flow is sent in the step S3, the current in the first stage is 0.5C, the cell voltage starts to increase, and the cell voltage V is detected1When the voltage is 1.0-3.5V, the voltage V is screened1Instantly dropping the battery cell of 0.1-3500mV, stopping charging, continuously dropping for more than 2-10 times, accumulating for more than 2-10 times, and removing the battery cell with excessive water, internal short circuit and poor coating;
s5, continuously increasing the cell voltage remained in the step S4, wherein the current in the second stage is 2.0C, and detecting the cell voltage V2When the voltage is 3.5-4.45V, the voltage V is screened2The battery cell which is instantly dropped by 0.1-4450mV drops for more than 2-10 times continuously, the accumulated dropping times exceed 2-10 times, the charging is stopped, and the battery cell with internal short circuit and poor coating is removed;
and S6, selecting the removed battery cells according to the prompt after the formation is finished.
Example 4:
s1, soaking a good battery cell with electrolyte after injection with the model number of thickness multiplied by width multiplied by height multiplied by 5.5mm multiplied by 65mm multiplied by 85mm, safely putting the battery cell into formation equipment, ensuring that a battery cell main body is not exposed, effectively contacting a lug with a charging circuit board, using horizontal equipment for formation, and enabling equipment software to have the function of removing a bad battery cell;
s2, starting equipment to clamp the battery cell, and clamping the battery cell according to the pressure of 2.0 MPa;
s3, charging the battery cell by the formation according to different multiplying power current steps, and adopting three-step charging;
s4, after the flow is sent in the step S3, the current in the first stage is 0.2C, the cell voltage starts to increase, and the cell voltage V is detected1When the voltage is 1.0-3.5V, the voltage V is screened1Instantly dropping the battery cell of 0.1-3500mV, stopping charging, continuously dropping for more than 2-10 times, accumulating for more than 2-10 times, and removing the battery cell with excessive water, internal short circuit and poor coating;
s5, continuously increasing the cell voltage remained in the step S4, wherein the current in the second stage is 0.7C, and detecting the cell voltage V2When the voltage is 3.5-4.0V, the voltage V is screened2The battery cell which drops 0.1-4000mV instantly drops for more than 2-10 times continuously, the accumulated dropping times exceed 2-10 times, the charging is stopped, and the battery cell with internal short circuit and poor coating is removed;
s6, continuously increasing the cell voltage remained in the step S5, wherein the current in the third stage is 1.5C, and detecting the cell voltage V3When the voltage is 4.0-4.45V, the voltage V is screened3The battery cell which is instantly dropped by 0.1-4450mV drops for more than 2-10 times continuously, the accumulated dropping times exceed 2-10 times, the charging is stopped, and the battery cell with internal short circuit and poor coating is removed;
and S7, selecting the removed battery cells according to the prompt after the formation is finished.
Comparative example 1:
the only difference from example 1 is that comparative example 1 did not screen cells for defective cells.
Comparative example 2:
the only difference from example 1 is that comparative example 2 was used to charge the cell once, the current was 0.1C, the cell voltage started to increase, and the cell voltage was measured to be 2.5V.
192 cells, 50 of which were defective, were prepared and tested according to the screening methods of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively.
Table 1: cell detection results after rapid screening of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2
According to the method for screening the bad cells, the cells are charged through current, whether the cells are abnormal or not is judged by whether the cell voltage drops within a certain charging time, in the formation charging process, the formation is charged according to current steps with different multiplying powers, the voltage drops, the formation process is immediately stopped through setting voltage drop protection when the voltage drops in the charging process, the charging is not carried out, the bad cells are removed and scrapped, and therefore the effect of removing the unqualified cells with the moisture exceeding the standard, the internal short circuit and the bad coating is achieved.
The technical scope of the invention claimed by the embodiments of the present application is not exhaustive, and new technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement of single or multiple technical features in the technical solutions of the embodiments are also within the scope of the invention claimed by the present application; in all the embodiments of the present invention, which are listed or not listed, each parameter in the same embodiment only represents an example (i.e., a feasible embodiment) of the technical solution, and there is no strict matching and limiting relationship between the parameters, wherein the parameters may be replaced with each other without departing from the axiom and the requirements of the present invention, unless otherwise specified.
The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed by the technical means, and the technical scheme also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical characteristics. While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention, and that such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for forming and screening poor battery cells is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cell loading: placing the battery cell with good electrolyte infiltration into formation equipment, and then clamping the battery cell;
s2, formation charging: step charging is carried out on the battery cell by current;
s3, checking: after step charging, rejecting unqualified cells according to voltage variation;
s4, selecting a bad battery cell: and (5) finishing formation, and selecting the rejected unqualified battery cell as a bad battery cell.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step charging comprises two or more charging.
3. The method for forming the screened defective battery cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step charging current of step S2 is 0.01-2.0C.
4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the cell voltage after step charging in step S2 is 1.0-4.45V.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the step charging in step S2 is performed at a first stage current of 0.1-0.5C and a second stage current of 0.5-2.0C.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the cell voltage after the first stage of step charging is 1.0-3.5V, and the cell voltage after the second stage of step charging is 3.5-4.45V.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the cells removed in the first step of step charging are cells with voltage drop of 0.1-3500mV instantaneously, continuous drop of more than 2-10 times, and cumulative drop of more than 2-10 times.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the cells rejected in the second step charging stage are cells with instantaneous voltage drop of 0.1-4450mV, continuous voltage drop of more than 2-10 times, and cumulative voltage drop of more than 2-10 times.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the formation equipment has a function of rejecting the cells.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the defective cells comprise one or more of out-of-specification moisture, internal short circuits, and poor encapsulation.
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| CN202110746224.7A CN113675489A (en) | 2021-07-01 | 2021-07-01 | Method for forming and screening bad cells |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023193268A1 (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2023-10-12 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell short circuit identification method and apparatus, bms, battery pack, device and medium |
| WO2023201532A1 (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-26 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Abnormal battery cell identification method and apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20211119 |