CN113674663B - Display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, device and display device - Google Patents

Display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, device and display device Download PDF

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CN113674663B
CN113674663B CN202110879648.0A CN202110879648A CN113674663B CN 113674663 B CN113674663 B CN 113674663B CN 202110879648 A CN202110879648 A CN 202110879648A CN 113674663 B CN113674663 B CN 113674663B
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compensation
brightness
display device
gray
area
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CN113674663A (en
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张云
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110879648.0A priority Critical patent/CN113674663B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/114575 priority patent/WO2023010625A1/en
Priority to US17/600,404 priority patent/US12067921B2/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/006Electronic inspection or testing of displays and display drivers, e.g. of LED or LCD displays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2003Display of colours
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2044Display of intermediate tones using dithering
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/02Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
    • G09G5/06Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed using colour palettes, e.g. look-up tables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/10Intensity circuits
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2290/00Indexing scheme relating to details of a display terminal
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0233Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0242Compensation of deficiencies in the appearance of colours
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0285Improving the quality of display appearance using tables for spatial correction of display data
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0693Calibration of display systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/14Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors
    • G09G2360/145Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light originating from the display screen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/16Calculation or use of calculated indices related to luminance levels in display data

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, a display device and a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation device. The method comprises the following steps: a parameter reading step, an initial gray-scale brightness detection step, a compensation area brightness detection step, a compensation data acquisition step and a compensation lookup table generation step. The method and the device solve the technical problems that the prior speckle removing technology cannot make the overall uniformity of the brightness and the chromaticity of the display panel reach the expected level, and the brightness of the edge area of the display panel is darker than that of the central area, so that the brightness and the color of the display panel are uneven, and the quality of the panel is poor.

Description

Display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, device and display device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of display panels, and in particular, to a method for generating a lookup table for brightness compensation of a display device, a device thereof, and a display device.
Background
Whether a thin film transistor liquid crystal display panel (Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display Panel, TFT-LCD) or an organic light emitting diode (Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED) display panel, problems of luminance uniformity and color uniformity are unavoidable in the manufacturing process. In particular, as the panel size is made larger, the problems of uneven brightness and uneven color become more normal. For this reason, a technology of eliminating speckle (Demura) has been developed to eliminate the phenomenon of uneven display brightness.
One of the speckle removing techniques is White Tracking (WT) or White Tracking. White balance is a very important function in a timing controller (Timing Controller, tcon) of a TFT-LCD, and can redistribute gray scale voltages, for example, when a display panel outputs a gray scale range including 256 gray scale values, a WT function can change the brightness of its display by changing the voltage corresponding to each gray scale value. The white balance function comprises two finer gray scale control methods, namely frame frequency control (Frame Rate Control, FRC) and spatial dithering (Dither), and the voltage corresponding to each gray scale value is controlled more finely through the two control methods, so that the aims of brightness and color correction are achieved.
However, the above-described conventional panel speckle reduction compensation technique has the following drawbacks.
The speckle reduction compensation method is mainly applied to the improvement of local bright lines (Mura) of a display panel, but has limited improvement on the brightness unevenness and the chromaticity unevenness of the whole. Especially, in the case that the brightness of the edge of the display panel is far lower than that of the central area, the problem of bright lines of the panel after eliminating the speckles is partially improved, but the overall uniformity of the brightness and the chromaticity of the display panel can not reach the expected level, and the brightness of the edge area of the display panel is darker than that of the central area, so that the brightness of the display panel is uneven and the color is uneven, and the quality of the panel is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, a device thereof and a display device, which are used for solving the technical problems that the prior speckle removing technology can not lead the overall uniformity of brightness and chromaticity of a display panel to reach an expected level, and the brightness of the edge area of the display panel is darker than that of the central area, so that the brightness of the display panel is uneven and the color is uneven, and the quality of the panel is poor.
In one aspect, the present application provides a method for generating a brightness compensation look-up table of a display device, including:
a parameter reading step, including loading a plurality of parameters to a processing unit of a display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device, wherein the plurality of parameters include: the display device comprises compensation area dividing parameters of a display panel of the display device and a plurality of calibration gray scale values, wherein the compensation area dividing parameters comprise a mode of dividing the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas;
an initial gray-scale brightness detection step, which comprises the steps of detecting and recording the real brightness value of each compensation area of the display device for one calibration gray-scale value and for the display device displaying the whole picture with the same calibration gray-scale value;
a compensation area brightness detection step, including taking a certain compensation area of the display device as a reference compensation area, for the compensation area with the real brightness value different from the real brightness value of the reference compensation area, detecting the real brightness value of the compensation area after the display gray scale value of the display device is adjusted;
A compensation data acquisition step, which comprises repeatedly executing the compensation area brightness detection step and taking the display gray scale value of the display device when the difference value between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference value as compensation data; and
and the compensation lookup table generating step comprises the step of recording compensation data of each compensation area and each compensation area under the calibration gray scale value to form a brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value.
In some embodiments of the present application, the dividing the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas includes dividing the display panel into a plurality of rectangular compensation areas, wherein the compensation area near the edge of the display device is smaller than the compensation area near the center of the display device, and the compensation area at the center of the display device is the reference compensation area.
In some embodiments of the present application, in the compensation region luminance detection step, the display device luminance compensation look-up table generating means obtains the true luminance values of all the compensation regions simultaneously.
In some embodiments of the present application, the display device has a White balancing (WT) function of frame rate control (Frame Rate Control, FRC) or spatial dithering (Dither), the minimum unit of gray scale value adjustment of the display device is smaller than 1 gray scale, and in the compensation region brightness detection step, the display gray scale value adjustment unit of the display device is smaller than 1 gray scale.
In some embodiments of the present application, in the step of obtaining the compensation data, the step of detecting the brightness of the compensation area is repeatedly performed, and the display gray-scale value of the display device when the difference between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference is used as the compensation data, the display gray-scale value of the display device is adjusted first by using 1 gray-scale as a unit, and when the minimum difference is obtained, the display gray-scale value of the display device is adjusted in a manner that the adjustment unit is smaller than 1 gray-scale, so as to obtain the more accurate minimum difference.
In some embodiments of the present application, the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device is connected to the display device through a transmission line, and is configured to provide, in the initial gray-scale brightness detecting step, picture data for displaying the same specific calibration gray-scale value on the whole surface of the display device, where the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating method further includes, after the compensation look-up table generating step:
and outputting the brightness compensation lookup table through the transmission line, and storing the brightness compensation lookup table into the display device.
In some embodiments of the present application, the brightness compensation look-up table records compensation coefficients of each compensation region and each compensation region, where the compensation coefficient=compensation data/calibration gray scale value.
In some embodiments of the present application, the number of calibration gray scale values is less than 256, and the number of calibration gray scale values below 128 is greater than the number of calibration gray scale values above 128.
In another aspect, the present application provides a display device, including:
a display panel;
the control unit is connected with the display panel and used for providing a display panel driving voltage according to gray scale data;
the memory unit comprises a plurality of brightness compensation lookup tables corresponding to a plurality of calibration gray-scale values, each calibration gray-scale value corresponds to one brightness compensation lookup table, each brightness compensation lookup table divides the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas, and each compensation area provides a compensation coefficient; and
and the processing unit is connected with the control unit and the memory unit and is used for multiplying the first gray-scale data by a compensation coefficient corresponding to the compensation area in the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the first gray-scale data when the pixels in the compensation area display the first gray-scale data, and then providing the first gray-scale data to the control unit.
In another aspect, the present application provides a display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device, wherein the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device includes:
a brightness detection unit for detecting the picture brightness of the display panel of the display device;
the on-line unit is used for connecting the display device, providing a plurality of picture data of the display device, enabling the display device to generate a whole single gray-scale picture according to the picture data, and storing the lookup table into a control unit of the display device after the lookup table is generated; and
the processing unit is connected to the brightness detection unit and is used for receiving the detection data provided by the brightness detection unit, wherein the processing unit comprises:
a parameter reading module, configured to load a plurality of parameters, where the plurality of parameters may be recorded in the storage module or input by the user interface module, and the plurality of parameters include: the display device comprises compensation area dividing parameters of a display panel of the display device and a plurality of calibration gray scale values, wherein the compensation area dividing parameters comprise a mode of dividing the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas;
the gray-scale brightness detection module is used for controlling the brightness detection unit to detect the real brightness value displayed in the compensation area;
The compensation area brightness operation module is used for taking a certain compensation area as a reference compensation area, and for the compensation area with the real brightness value different from the real brightness value of the reference compensation area, detecting the real brightness value of the compensation area after the display gray scale value of the picture data is adjusted;
the compensation data acquisition module is used for controlling the compensation area brightness operation module to repeatedly execute compensation area brightness detection and taking the display gray scale value of the picture data when the difference value between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference value as compensation data;
the compensation lookup table generation module is used for recording compensation data of each compensation area and each compensation area under the calibration gray scale value to form a brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value; and
and the brightness compensation lookup table output module is used for outputting and storing the brightness compensation lookup table to the display device through the online unit.
The application has at least the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation device and a display device. The display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method comprises a compensation lookup table generation step. The display device includes a memory unit having a brightness compensation look-up table. The display device brightness compensation lookup table generating device comprises a brightness compensation lookup table output module for outputting a brightness compensation lookup table. According to the method, the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value is formed by recording the compensation data of each compensation area and each compensation area under the calibration gray scale value, and the brightness compensation lookup table is used for carrying out brightness compensation on a plurality of compensation areas of the display device, so that the technical problems that the brightness and the overall uniformity of chromaticity of the display device cannot reach an expected level in the conventional speckle removing technology, the brightness of the edge area of the display device is darker than the brightness of the central area, uneven brightness and uneven color of the display device are caused, and poor panel quality is caused are solved. In addition, the original gray-scale voltage and white balance functions of the display device are adopted in the method and the device, only a few register addresses are needed to be added in the time sequence controller of the display device to store a plurality of brightness compensation lookup tables for selecting and calibrating gray-scale values, and the brightness compensation lookup tables for other gray-scale values can be obtained by an interpolation method, so that hardware of the display device is almost not needed to be modified, and the modification cost of the display device is extremely low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1a is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for generating a brightness compensation look-up table of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 1b is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary computer program for performing the compensation area brightness detection step and the compensation data acquisition step according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame rate control principle of a white balance function of a display device brightness compensation look-up table generating method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spatial dithering principle of a white balance function of a display device brightness compensation look-up table generating method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of a method for generating a look-up table for brightness compensation of the display device according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to another embodiment of the method for generating a look-up table for brightness compensation of the display device according to the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for generating a brightness compensation look-up table of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
fig. 7 is a block diagram of an architecture of a display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the detailed description is presented herein for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, a display device 1 and a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation device 2. The following will describe in detail. The following description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1a, the method for generating the brightness compensation look-up table of the display device includes: the method comprises a parameter reading step S100, an initial gray-scale brightness detection step S200, a compensation area brightness detection step S300, a compensation data acquisition step S400 and a compensation lookup table generation step S500.
Referring to fig. 4, the parameter reading step S100 includes loading a plurality of parameters to a processing unit of the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device, wherein the plurality of parameters include: the compensation area division parameter of the display panel 10 of the display device 1 and a plurality of calibration gray scale values, wherein the compensation area division parameter comprises a mode of dividing the display panel 10 into a plurality of compensation areas 100. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the display panel 10 further includes a display area 11 and a non-display area 12 surrounding the display area 11, and the compensation area is located in the display area 11.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the method for dividing the display panel 10 into a plurality of compensation areas 100 includes dividing the display panel 10 into a plurality of rectangular compensation areas. In a preferred embodiment, the area of the compensation area near the edge of the display device 1 is smaller than the area of the compensation area 100 near the center of the display device 1, and the compensation area 100 at the center of the display device 1 is the reference compensation area, as shown in fig. 5.
The initial gray-scale brightness detection step S200 includes detecting and recording the actual brightness value of each compensation area 100 of the display device 1 for displaying the same frame of the calibration gray-scale value for one calibration gray-scale value. The initial gray-scale brightness detection step S200 is generally performed by using a display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device, such as an optical measuring instrument or a camera installed on an automatic measuring machine, to automatically detect the real brightness value of each compensation area 100, such as a Minolta CA310 color analyzer. The optical measuring instrument or the camera can automatically detect the brightness of the 2-dimensional range of the display panel or detect the brightness of a single point.
The compensation area brightness detection step S300 includes taking a certain compensation area of the display device 1 as a reference compensation area, and detecting the real brightness value of the compensation area after the display gray-scale value of the display device 1 is adjusted for the compensation area 100 with the real brightness value different from the real brightness value of the reference compensation area.
Specifically, in order to compensate for the problem of the overall brightness unevenness and the color unevenness of the display device 1, in the initial gray scale brightness detection step S200, display data with the same gray scale value in one frame is provided to make the whole display device 1 display the same gray scale value, so that in the compensation area brightness detection step S300, the optical measuring instrument can compare and find out the area with difference in display brightness.
Specifically, in the compensation area brightness detection step S300, when the actual brightness value of the compensation area 100 is found to be different from the actual brightness value of the reference compensation area, no complex calculation or adjustment is required, and only the original gray-scale voltage set value of the display device is required to be utilized to adjust the whole display screen of the display device 1. The adjustment mode is to gradually increase the gray level data of a frame of display screen by one gray level unit or decrease the gray level data by one gray level unit, and then make the display device 1 display. The display device 1 still displays the same gray scale value over the whole area. The gray scale unit may be 1 gray scale or less than 1 gray scale, depending on the original display capability of the display device 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the present application, in the compensation area brightness detection step S300, the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device obtains the real brightness values of all the compensation areas simultaneously. That is, the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device may perform 2-dimensional brightness detection on the display panel to obtain the real brightness values of all the compensation areas. In this embodiment, after each adjustment of the display screen of the display device 1, a comparison operation between the real brightness value and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area can be performed on more than one or all of the compensation areas 100 to simplify and accelerate the compensation area brightness detection step S300.
In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the display device 1 has a White balancing (WT) function of frame rate control (Frame Rate Control, FRC) or spatial dithering (Dither), the minimum unit of gray scale adjustment of the display apparatus is smaller than 1 gray scale, and in the compensation area brightness detection step, the unit of gray scale adjustment of the display device is smaller than 1 gray scale. Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the white balance function is a very important function in a Time controller (Tcon) of the TFT-LCD, and includes two interpolation operations, namely frame rate control and spatial dithering, so as to achieve finer control of gray scale values of the unit pixels P in the display panel 10 of the display device 1, and achieve the purpose of brightness and color correction.
As shown in fig. 2, the frame rate control utilizes the visual inertia (or persistence effect) of human eyes, that is, utilizes the characteristic that the brightness feeling of human eyes does not disappear immediately with the disappearance of the brightness of an object, so as to realize brightness fusion within a period of time, which is the complementary difference in time, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the visual gray scale effect (Visual Grayscale Effect). For example, through the Frame rate control, in four consecutive Frame rates (frames), i.e., the first Frame to the fourth Frame, a specific unit pixel P is controlled to be fully bright in all four frames, so as to display the maximum brightness; controlling the specific unit pixel P to be completely dark in all four frames, and displaying the minimum brightness; and controlling a part of the specific unit pixels P in four frames to be fully bright and the rest of the four frames to be fully dark, so that a plurality of intermediate brightnesses which are between the maximum brightness and the minimum brightness in visual gray scale effect can be presented. Thus, the brightness of 1 gray scale can be subdivided into 4 different brightnesses, namely, the minimum unit of gray scale adjustment is subdivided into 0.25 gray scale from 1 gray scale.
As shown in fig. 3, the spatial dithering is to amplify the gray scale range of a frame by adjusting the spatial relationship between the unit pixels P. For example, when several adjacent unit pixels P are viewed according to the normal viewing distance of the display panel 10, the human eye perceives the gray-scale value average value of the several unit pixels P, which is the complement difference in space. According to the above-mentioned human eye perception method, the spatial dithering is adopted for the display panel 10, so that the plurality of adjacent unit pixels P can jointly present an intermediate brightness value between two brightness values of each of the unit pixels P. Taking four adjacent unit pixels P as an example, all the unit pixels P are controlled to be fully bright to present the maximum brightness, all the unit pixels P are controlled to be fully dark to present the minimum brightness, and part of the unit pixels P are controlled to be fully bright, and the rest unit pixels P are fully dark to present a plurality of intermediate brightness which are between the maximum brightness and the minimum brightness in visual gray scale effect. As such, the brightness of 1 gray scale can be subdivided into 4 different brightnesses, namely, the minimum unit of gray scale adjustment is subdivided from 1 gray scale to 0.25 gray scale.
The step S400 of obtaining compensation data includes repeatedly performing the step S300 of detecting brightness of the compensation area and taking the display gray-scale value of the display device 1 when the difference between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference as compensation data.
Referring to fig. 1b, fig. 1b is an example of implementing the compensation area brightness detection step S300 and the compensation data acquisition step S400 by a computer program. Compensation data for all the compensation areas of the display device 1 may be acquired for a selected calibration gray scale value.
Specifically, in order to make the cost of modifying the display device extremely low, the original gray-scale voltage and white balance function of the display device are adopted, so that the pixel driving voltage corresponding to the gray-scale value of the display device is not adjusted, but the gray-scale value of which the display brightness is closest to the real brightness value of the reference compensation region in each compensation region is searched. Therefore, in the step S400 of obtaining the compensation data, the step S300 of detecting the brightness of the compensation area is repeatedly performed to find the display gray-scale value of the display device 1 corresponding to the minimum difference between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area, and the display gray-scale value is used as the compensation data.
In the preferred embodiment of the present application, in the step S400 of obtaining the compensation data, the step of detecting the brightness of the compensation area is repeatedly performed, and the display gray-scale value of the display device 1 when the difference between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference is taken as the compensation data, the display gray-scale value of the display device 1 is adjusted by taking 1 gray-scale as a unit, and when the minimum difference is obtained, the display gray-scale value of the display device is adjusted by adjusting the unit to be smaller than 1 gray-scale, so as to obtain the more accurate minimum difference. Specifically, the display gray-scale value of the display device 1 is adjusted by taking 1 gray-scale as a unit, and when the minimum difference value is obtained, the display gray-scale value of the display device is adjusted by taking the frame frequency control or the space dithering of the white balance function as a unit of adjustment of 0.25 gray-scale, so as to obtain the more accurate minimum difference value.
Referring to fig. 4, the compensation look-up table generating step S500 includes recording compensation data of each compensation area and each compensation area under the calibration gray-scale value to form a brightness compensation look-up table corresponding to the calibration gray-scale value.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the display device luminance compensation look-up table generating device is connected to the display device 1 through a transmission line, and is configured to provide 1 frame of picture data for displaying the same specific calibration gray scale value on the whole surface of the display device 1 in the initial gray scale luminance detecting step S200, and the display device luminance compensation look-up table generating method further includes, after the compensation look-up table generating step S500:
the brightness compensation look-up table outputting step S600 includes outputting and storing the brightness compensation look-up table to the display device 1 through the transmission line. Specifically, the brightness compensation look-up table is stored in a register of the timing controller of the display device 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the compensation coefficients of each of the compensation areas and each of the compensation areas are recorded in the brightness compensation lookup table, where the compensation coefficients=compensation data/calibration gray scale values.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the number of the calibration gray-scale values is less than 256, and the number of the calibration gray-scale values lower than 128 is more than the number of the calibration gray-scale values higher than 128.
Specifically, in another embodiment of the present application, the brightness compensation look-up table may be provided for a complete gray scale range of the display device, for example, 256 levels, and each level is equal to all gray scales that the display device can display. This reduces the computational burden on the display device and increases the display speed of the display device, but requires a larger memory device for storage due to the larger amount of data. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, in order to reduce the amount of data stored, a few of the calibration gray-scale values may be selected, and the number of the calibration gray-scale values is less than 256. Therefore, only a few register addresses are needed to be added in the time sequence controller of the display device to store the brightness compensation lookup tables of the selected calibration gray-scale values, and the brightness compensation lookup tables of other gray-scale values can be obtained by the display device through interpolation, so that the hardware of the display device is almost not needed to be modified, and the modification cost of the display device is extremely low.
Specifically, the rule for selecting the calibration gray scale values may select more calibration gray scale values in a low gray scale range, because the display device generally has a larger brightness difference when displaying low gray scale. For example, when the display range of the display device is 256 steps, the number of the calibration gray-scale values lower than 128 steps is selected to be greater than the number of the calibration gray-scale values higher than 128 steps.
Referring to fig. 4 or fig. 5, in another aspect, the display device 1 of the present application includes: a display panel 10, a control unit 20, a memory unit 30, and a processing unit 40.
The control unit 20 is connected to the display panel 10 for providing driving voltages of the display panel 10 according to the gray scale data. The control unit 20 has a White balancing (WT) function of frame rate control (Frame Rate Control, FRC) or spatial dithering (Dither) to provide a gray scale display of less than 1 gray scale.
The memory unit 30 includes a plurality of brightness compensation lookup tables corresponding to a plurality of calibration gray-scale values, each of the calibration gray-scale values corresponds to one of the brightness compensation lookup tables, each of the brightness compensation lookup tables divides the display panel 10 into a plurality of compensation areas 100, and each of the compensation areas 100 provides a compensation coefficient.
The processing unit 40 is connected to the control unit 20 and the memory unit 30, and the processing unit 40 is configured to multiply the first gray-scale data by a compensation coefficient corresponding to the compensation area 100 in the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the first gray-scale data when the pixels in the compensation area 100 display the first gray-scale data, and then provide the first gray-scale data to the control unit 20.
In addition, if the first gray-scale data is not the calibration gray-scale value, the processing unit 40 is configured to obtain a compensation lookup table corresponding to the first gray-scale data by using interpolation method by using the compensation lookup tables corresponding to two different calibration gray-scale values.
Referring to fig. 7, in another aspect, the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device 2 described in the present application includes: the brightness detection unit U1, the on-line unit U2 and the processing unit U3.
The brightness detection unit U1 is configured to detect a screen brightness of the display panel 10 of the display device 1.
The on-line unit U2 is configured to connect to the display device 1, and is configured to provide frame data of a plurality of frames of the display device 1, so that the display device 1 generates a frame with a single gray level on the whole surface according to the frame data, and the on-line unit U2 is further configured to store the brightness compensation lookup table into the memory unit 30 of the display device 1 after the brightness compensation lookup table is generated.
The processing unit U3 is connected to the brightness detection unit U1, and is configured to receive the detection data provided by the brightness detection unit U1, where the processing unit U3 includes: the system comprises a parameter reading module M1, a gray level brightness detection module M2, a compensation area brightness operation module M3, a compensation data acquisition module M4, a compensation lookup table generation module M5 and a brightness compensation lookup table output module M6.
The parameter reading module M1 is configured to load a plurality of parameters, where the plurality of parameters may be recorded in a storage module (not shown) or input by a user interface module (not shown), and the plurality of parameters include: the compensation area division parameter of the display panel 10 of the display device 1 and a plurality of calibration gray scale values, wherein the compensation area division parameter comprises a mode of dividing the display panel 10 into a plurality of compensation areas 100.
The gray-scale brightness detection module M2 is configured to control the brightness detection unit U1 to detect the real brightness value displayed in the compensation area 100.
The compensation area luminance operation module M3 is configured to detect, for a compensation area 100 having a real luminance value different from the real luminance value of the reference compensation area 100, the real luminance value of the compensation area 100 of the display panel 10 after adjusting the display gray-scale value of the picture data provided to the display device 1.
The compensation data acquisition module M4 is configured to control the compensation area brightness operation module M3 to repeatedly perform compensation area brightness detection and take the display gray-scale value of the frame data when the difference between the real brightness value of the compensation area 100 and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference as compensation data.
The compensation lookup table generating module M5 is configured to record, under the calibration gray-scale values, compensation data of each compensation area 100 and each compensation area to form a brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray-scale values.
The brightness compensation look-up table output module M6 is configured to output and store the brightness compensation look-up table to the display device 1 through the on-line unit U2.
The application of the display device brightness compensation look-up table generation method described in the present application will be described in specific examples.
Example one
Referring to fig. 4, taking the gray scale range of the display panel 10 of the display device 1 as 256 (including 256 gray scales such as 0 to 255), the compensation coefficients of the upper left corner L compensation area 100 and the lower right corner R compensation area 100 of the display panel 10 are calculated. Taking the calibration gray-scale value as 64 as an example, the brightness of the whole display panel 10 when the gray-scale value is 64 is measured. When each of the compensation areas 100 in the display area 11 of the display panel 10 displays the gray-scale value 64, an optical measuring instrument such as a Minolta CA310 color analyzer measures that the real brightness value of the compensation area 100 at the center of the display panel 10 is 10.3, the real brightness value of the compensation area 100 at the upper left corner L is 12.8, and the real brightness value of the compensation area 100 at the lower right corner R is 16.7. The above numerical values indicate that the display panel 10 has a large luminance unevenness problem.
When the display panel 10 is adjusted to be full-scale to display the gray-scale value 58, that is, each compensation region 100 is adjusted to display the gray-scale value 58, the real brightness value of the upper left-corner L compensation region 100 is measured to be 10.5 by taking the C compensation region 100 at the center of the display panel 10 as the reference compensation region. When the display panel 10 is further adjusted to display the gray-scale value 57 on the whole surface, the actual brightness value of the upper left corner L compensation area 100 is measured to be 9.7. In other words, at the gray level value 58, the true luminance value 10.5 of the upper left corner L compensation zone 100 is closest to the true luminance value 10.3 of the C compensation zone 100 at the reference compensation zone-center. Therefore, the compensation data of the upper left corner L compensation zone 100 is the gray level value 58 at this time, and the compensation coefficient=compensation data/calibration gray level value of the corresponding calibration gray level value 64 of the compensation zone 100 of the upper left corner L, that is, the compensation coefficient=58/64=0.9.
When the display panel 10 is adjusted to display the gray-scale value 56, that is, each of the compensation regions 100 is adjusted to display the gray-scale value 56, the real brightness value of the compensation region 100 at the lower right corner R is 10.4. In other words, at the gray level 56, the true luminance value 10.4 of the lower right corner R compensation zone 100 is closest to the true luminance value 10.3 of the C compensation zone 100 at the reference compensation zone-center. Therefore, the compensation data of the lower right angle R compensation zone 100 is the gray level 56 at this time, and the compensation coefficient=compensation data/calibration gray level of the corresponding calibration gray level 64 of the lower right angle R compensation zone 100, that is, the compensation coefficient=56/64=0.87
In addition, if the display device 1 has a white balance function, further performing the white balance function can reduce the minimum unit of gray-scale adjustment of the display panel 10 to be less than 1 gray-scale, for example, 0.25 gray-scale, so that the whole gray-scale range of the display panel 10 reaches 256×4=1024 gray-scales, and the brightness adjustment is finer in the process of adjusting the gray-scale value in a lifting manner.
Example two
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, taking the gray scale range of the display panel 10 of the display device 1 as an example, 256 gray scales (including 256 gray scales such as 0 to 255) are taken, when the display panel 10 is about to display the gray scale value 32, as can be seen from the corresponding brightness compensation look-up table, the compensation coefficient of the C compensation area 100 at the center of the display panel 10 is 1, and the compensation data is 32×1=32 (because the C compensation area 100 at the center of the display panel 10 is taken as the reference compensation area, the compensation coefficient is 1). The compensation coefficient of the upper left corner L compensation area 100 is 0.9, and the compensation data is 32×0.9=28.8. The compensation coefficient of the lower right corner R compensation zone 100 is 0.87, and the compensation data is 32×0.87=27.8. When the display panel 10 is to display the gray-scale value 64, the corresponding gray-scale compensation can be performed according to the brightness compensation look-up table corresponding to the gray-scale value 64.
If the display panel 10 is to display the gray scale value 45 and the calibration gray scale value is only 32 or 64 and there is no brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the gray scale value 45, the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value 32 and the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value 64 can be interpolated to obtain the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the gray scale value 45.
In addition, as can be seen from the above first and second examples, when the gray level is adjusted, the gray level of the unit pixel P is multiplied by the compensation coefficient to obtain the compensation data, and the unit pixel P may include a plurality of red, blue and green sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel may also change the gray level within the gray level range. Therefore, the gray-scale compensation can be performed by generating the respective brightness compensation lookup tables for the sub-pixels, thereby obtaining finer compensation effects.
In order to obtain a better brightness improvement effect, the compensation area may set a brightness compensation look-up table at all gray-scale values. However, in order to save resources, it is not necessary to set the brightness compensation look-up table for all gray-scale values. According to the characteristics of the thin film transistor liquid crystal display panel (Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display Panel, TFT-LCD) 10, only a part of gray scale values are needed to be used for setting compensation coefficients. In general, taking a gray scale range including 256 gray scale values as an example, only 16, 32, 64, 128, 192 gray scale values are selected as calibration gray scale values and compensation coefficients are set. And the compensation coefficients of other gray scales can be subjected to linear interpolation operation according to the compensation coefficients corresponding to the plurality of calibration gray scale values, so that corresponding compensation coefficients can be obtained.
The application has at least the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method, a display device brightness compensation lookup table generation device and a display device. The display device brightness compensation lookup table generation method comprises a compensation lookup table generation step. The display device includes a memory unit having a brightness compensation look-up table. The display device brightness compensation lookup table generating device comprises a brightness compensation lookup table output module for outputting a brightness compensation lookup table. According to the method, the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value is formed by recording the compensation data of each compensation area and each compensation area under the calibration gray scale value, and the brightness compensation lookup table is used for carrying out brightness compensation on a plurality of compensation areas of the display device, so that the technical problems that the brightness and the overall uniformity of chromaticity of the display device can not reach the expected level in the conventional speckle removing technology, the brightness of the edge area of the display device is darker than the brightness of the central area, and the brightness and the color of the display device are uneven, so that the quality of a panel is poor are solved. In addition, the original gray-scale voltage and white balance functions of the display device are adopted in the method and the device, only a few register addresses are needed to be added in the time sequence controller of the display device to store a plurality of brightness compensation lookup tables for selecting and calibrating gray-scale values, and the brightness compensation lookup tables for other gray-scale values can be obtained by an interpolation method, so that hardware of the display device is almost not needed to be modified, and the modification cost of the display device is extremely low.
The method for generating the brightness compensation lookup table of the display device, the display device and the device for generating the brightness compensation lookup table of the display device provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail above.
The principles and embodiments of the present application are described herein with specific examples, the above examples being provided only to assist in understanding the methods of the present application and their core ideas; meanwhile, those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in light of the ideas of the present application, and the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.

Claims (8)

1. A display device brightness compensation look-up table generation method, characterized in that the display device brightness compensation method comprises:
a parameter reading step, including loading a plurality of parameters to a processing unit of a display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device, wherein the plurality of parameters include: the display device comprises compensation area dividing parameters of a display panel of the display device and a plurality of calibration gray scale values, wherein the compensation area dividing parameters comprise a mode of dividing the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas;
an initial gray-scale brightness detection step, which comprises the steps of detecting and recording the real brightness value of each compensation area of the display device for one calibration gray-scale value and for the display device displaying the whole picture with the same calibration gray-scale value;
A compensation area brightness detection step, including taking a certain compensation area of the display device as a reference compensation area, for the compensation area with the real brightness value different from the real brightness value of the reference compensation area, detecting the real brightness value of the compensation area after the display gray scale value of the display device is adjusted;
a compensation data acquisition step, which comprises repeatedly executing the compensation area brightness detection step and taking the display gray scale value of the display device when the difference value between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference value as compensation data; and
a compensation lookup table generating step, including recording compensation data of each compensation area and each compensation area under the calibration gray scale value to form a brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value;
the method for dividing the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas comprises dividing the display panel into a plurality of rectangular compensation areas, wherein the area of the compensation area close to the edge of the display device is smaller than that of the compensation area close to the center of the display device, and the compensation area located in the center of the display device is the reference compensation area;
The display device has a white balance function of frame frequency control or space dithering, the minimum unit of gray scale value adjustment of the display device is smaller than 1 gray scale, and in the compensation area brightness detection step, the unit of gray scale value adjustment of the display device is smaller than 1 gray scale.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the compensation area brightness detection step, the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device obtains the real brightness values of all the compensation areas at the same time.
3. The method for generating a lookup table for brightness compensation of a display device according to claim 1, wherein in the step of obtaining compensation data, the step of detecting brightness of the compensation region is repeatedly performed, and the display gray-scale value of the display device is adjusted in 1 gray-scale unit when the difference between the real brightness value of the compensation region and the real brightness value of the reference compensation region is a minimum difference, and when the minimum difference is obtained, the display gray-scale value of the display device is adjusted in such a way that the adjustment unit is smaller than 1 gray-scale, so as to obtain the minimum difference with higher accuracy.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device is connected to the display device through a transmission line, and is configured to provide the display device with picture data for displaying the same specific calibration gray scale value in the initial gray scale brightness detection step, and the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating method further comprises, after the compensation look-up table generating step:
and outputting the brightness compensation lookup table through the transmission line, and storing the brightness compensation lookup table into the display device.
5. The method for generating a brightness compensation look-up table of a display device according to claim 1, wherein compensation coefficients of each compensation region and each compensation region are recorded in the brightness compensation look-up table, wherein the compensation coefficients=compensation data/calibration gray scale values.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of the calibration gray-scale values is less than 256, and the number of the calibration gray-scale values lower than 128 is greater than the number of the calibration gray-scale values higher than 128.
7. A display device, characterized in that the display device comprises:
a display panel;
the control unit is connected with the display panel and used for providing a display panel driving voltage according to gray scale data;
the memory unit comprises a plurality of brightness compensation lookup tables corresponding to a plurality of calibration gray-scale values, each calibration gray-scale value corresponds to one brightness compensation lookup table, each brightness compensation lookup table divides the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas, and each compensation area provides a compensation coefficient; and
the processing unit is connected with the control unit and the memory unit, and is used for multiplying the first gray-scale data by a compensation coefficient corresponding to the compensation area in the brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the first gray-scale data when the pixels in the compensation area display the first gray-scale data, and then providing the first gray-scale data to the control unit;
if the first gray-scale data is not the calibration gray-scale value, the processing unit is configured to obtain a compensation lookup table corresponding to the first gray-scale data by using interpolation methods by using the compensation lookup tables corresponding to two different calibration gray-scale values;
The display device has a white balance function of frame frequency control or space dithering, and the minimum unit of gray scale value adjustment of the display device is smaller than 1 gray scale.
8. A display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device, characterized in that the display device brightness compensation look-up table generating device comprises:
a brightness detection unit for detecting the picture brightness of the display panel of the display device;
the on-line unit is used for connecting the display device, providing a plurality of picture data of the display device, enabling the display device to generate a whole single gray-scale picture according to the picture data, and storing the lookup table into a control unit of the display device after the lookup table is generated; and
the processing unit is connected to the brightness detection unit and is used for receiving the detection data provided by the brightness detection unit, wherein the processing unit comprises:
a parameter reading module, configured to load a plurality of parameters, where the plurality of parameters may be recorded in the storage module or input by the user interface module, and the plurality of parameters include: the display device comprises compensation area dividing parameters of a display panel of the display device and a plurality of calibration gray scale values, wherein the compensation area dividing parameters comprise a mode of dividing the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas;
The gray-scale brightness detection module is used for controlling the brightness detection unit to detect the real brightness value displayed in the compensation area;
the compensation area brightness operation module is used for taking a certain compensation area as a reference compensation area, and for the compensation area with the real brightness value different from the real brightness value of the reference compensation area, detecting the real brightness value of the compensation area after the display gray scale value of the picture data is adjusted;
the compensation data acquisition module is used for controlling the compensation area brightness operation module to repeatedly execute compensation area brightness detection and taking the display gray scale value of the picture data when the difference value between the real brightness value of the compensation area and the real brightness value of the reference compensation area is a minimum difference value as compensation data; and
the compensation lookup table generation module is used for recording compensation data of each compensation area and each compensation area under the calibration gray scale value to form a brightness compensation lookup table corresponding to the calibration gray scale value; and
the brightness compensation lookup table output module is used for outputting and storing the brightness compensation lookup table to the display device through the online unit;
the method for dividing the display panel into a plurality of compensation areas comprises dividing the display panel into a plurality of rectangular compensation areas, wherein the area of the compensation area close to the edge of the display device is smaller than that of the compensation area close to the center of the display device, and the compensation area located in the center of the display device is the reference compensation area;
The display device has a white balance function of frame frequency control or space dithering, and the minimum unit of gray scale value adjustment of the display device is smaller than 1 gray scale.
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