CN113672639B - Multi-type database table structure comparison method, system, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system, equipment and a storage medium for comparing table structures of multiple types of databases, wherein the comparison method comprises the following steps: defining a database table structure attribute SQL query execution class, and setting an executable SQL statement for querying the database table structure attribute; extracting public table structure attributes of a source database and a target database; inquiring public table structure attributes of two databases according to executable SQL sentences corresponding to the public table structure attributes to obtain a result set, and converting the result set into data objects of the same type; comparing the converted data object according to the three aspects of adding, modifying and deleting; the table structure attributes with the differences are correspondingly converted according to the table structure attributes of the target database; SQL generating class defining database table structure attribute, and generating executable SQL according to DDL grammar of target database table structure attribute. The invention solves the problem that the table structures among different databases are difficult to compare.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric digital data processing, in particular to a method, a system, equipment and a storage medium for comparing table structures of multiple types of databases.
Background
Today, databases are increasingly available, and the same enterprise may use multiple databases at the same time, and accordingly, the table structures of these databases need to be compared, so that they maintain the same table structure. At present, it is easy to compare table structures of the same database, but how to synchronize the table structures of different databases with different attribute of the table structures and different DDL grammar, so that it is a problem faced by enterprises.
The invention patent CN201710149902.5 discloses a method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium for synchronizing a database table structure, which can automatically generate a difference comparison result and an sql statement according to acquired database table structure information. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining table structure information of a source database and a target database; automatically performing difference comparison on a source database and a target database according to the table structure information to generate a difference comparison result; and automatically generating an sql statement according to the difference comparison result. The method is used in comparison of different databases, due to different grammar and data types, a plurality of results which are considered to be the same by human beings and are different due to grammar, data types and the like can be generated during comparison, and automatically generated sql can not be executed in the target database due to grammar and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a table structure comparison method, a system, equipment and a storage medium for multi-type databases, and solves the technical problem that the table structure comparison method between databases of different types can generate SQL which can be executed according to DDL grammar of a target database according to comparison results. When a new database is introduced, only the SQL query execution class and the SQL generation class of the structural attribute of the database are required to be defined, and if data items with different grammars and the same meaning exist between the two databases, the data items are processed through configuration conversion relations or user-defined conversion relations.
In order to realize the functions, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A multi-type database table structure comparison method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: defining a database table structure attribute SQL query execution class, and setting an executable SQL statement for querying the database table structure attribute;
Step 2: extracting public table structure attributes of a source database and a target database;
Step 3: inquiring public table structure attributes of two databases according to executable SQL sentences corresponding to the public table structure attributes to obtain a result set, and converting the result set into data objects of the same type;
Step 4: comparing the converted data object according to the three aspects of adding, modifying and deleting, and recording the compared result;
step 5: defining table structure attribute conversion classes of a source database and a target database, and correspondingly converting the table structure attributes with the contrast difference according to the table structure attributes of the target database;
Step 6: SQL generating class defining database table structure attribute, and generating executable SQL according to DDL grammar of target database table structure attribute.
Further, in the step 2, the common attributes of the two databases are extracted according to the table structure attributes supported by the two databases, and only the common attributes are queried and compared, wherein the table structure attributes comprise tables, constraints, indexes and sequences.
Further, the step 4 includes the following substeps:
Step 401: when the data objects of the table are compared, respectively traversing a set formed by the table data objects of the source database and the target database, taking the table name as a key, taking the table data object as a value, and generating tableMap information; likewise, traversing the set of column data objects, wherein tableName is used as a key, and value is used as the column information set under the table;
Step 402: traversing tableMap of the source database, searching the key of the object in tableMap of the target database, and marking the table data object as newly added if the table only exists in the source database, wherein the objects in the column information set corresponding to the table are marked as newly added; if the key exists in the two databases, comparing remark attributes of the table data object, and marking the table data object as modified if remark information is different, and executing step S403;
step 403: traversing the column information set corresponding to the table for comparison, if the column only exists in the source database, setting the value of the state attribute of the column as new addition, and marking the data object of the table where the column is positioned as modification; if the column only exists in the target database, marking the column data object as deleted, and marking the table data object in which the column exists as modified; if the columns exist in the source database and the target database and the attributes of the columns are the same, not processing; if the columns exist in both the source database and the target database and the attributes of the columns are different, the column data object is marked as modified, and the table data object where the column exists is marked as modified.
Further, in step 403, during the comparison, the conversion configuration item is queried first to see whether the value of the data object of the source database needs to be converted, and if the value of the data object of the source database needs to be converted, the converted value of the data object of the source database is compared with the value of the data object of the target database.
Further, in the step 3, according to the types of the source database and the target database, a corresponding SQL query execution class is found, so as to query the public table structure attribute of the two databases according to the respective corresponding SQL statements, obtain a result set, and package and process the queried result set into the same data object, thereby facilitating the subsequent comparison.
Further, in the step 5, a corresponding conversion is performed according to the table structure attribute of the target database, where the conversion includes a column type and a column default value.
A multi-type database table structure comparison system, comprising:
The query preprocessing module is used for defining a database table structure attribute SQL query execution class and setting an executable SQL statement for querying the database table structure attribute;
The common attribute extraction module is used for extracting the common table structure attribute of the source database and the target database;
The attribute query and conversion module is used for querying public table structure attributes of two databases according to the executable SQL sentences corresponding to the public table structure attributes to obtain a result set and converting the result set into data objects of the same type;
The data object comparison module is used for comparing the converted data objects according to the three aspects of adding, modifying and deleting, and recording the compared results;
The table structure attribute conversion module is used for defining table structure attribute conversion classes of the source database and the target database, and correspondingly converting the table structure attributes with the contrast difference according to the table structure attributes of the target database;
And the execution statement generation module is used for defining SQL generation classes of the database table structure attributes and generating executable SQL according to DDL grammar of the target database table structure attributes.
A computer device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the above-described multi-type database table structure comparison method when the computer program is executed.
A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the multi-type database table structure comparison method described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The method and the device extract the public table structure attributes of the source database and the target database for comparison, can flexibly process the problem that databases cannot be compared due to different grammar according to the attribute conversion configuration items, and can convert the data of the source database according to the grammar of the target database before generating the SQL statement according to the configuration items, so that the SQL statement which can be executed by the target database can be quickly and accurately generated, and the problems of difficult comparison between different databases and high error rate are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a comparison method of multi-type database table structures according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for comparing table structures of multiple types of databases, which mainly includes the following steps:
Step 1, defining a database table structure attribute SQL query execution class, and setting executable SQL for querying the database table structure attribute. Every time a database type is added, the corresponding execution class needs to be written, the supported table structure attribute needs to be defined, the table structure attribute is used for conveniently acquiring the common attribute, such as table structure attribute, index attribute, serial number and the like, when different database types are compared, and the corresponding executable SQL is used for inquiring specific information of the table structure attribute.
And 2, extracting the public table structure attribute of the source database and the target database. The table structures supported by different kinds of databases may be different, and it is only meaningful to compare the common table structure attributes, and when comparing, the intersection of the two needs to be extracted for comparison. If the source database supports tables, constraints, indexes and sequences, the target database supports tables, constraints and indexes, the common attributes are tables, constraints and indexes, and only the common attributes are queried and compared.
And step 3, inquiring the data and converting the data into the data objects of the same type. And traversing the attribute sets of the table structures to be compared, respectively finding executable SQL corresponding to the source database and the target database, establishing connection by using jdbc, and obtaining a result set.
And 4, comparing the converted data objects. Preferably, step 4 comprises the sub-steps of:
Step 401: when the data objects of the table are compared, respectively traversing a set formed by the table data objects of the source database and the target database, taking the table name as a key, taking the table data object as a value, and generating tableMap information; likewise, traversing the set of column data objects, wherein tableName is used as a key, and value is used as the column information set under the table;
Step 402: traversing tableMap of the source database, searching the key of the object in tableMap of the target database, and marking the table data object as newly added if the table only exists in the source database, wherein the objects in the column information set corresponding to the table are marked as newly added; if the key exists in the two databases, comparing remark attributes of the table data object, and marking the table data object as modified if remark information is different, and executing step S403;
step 403: traversing the column information set corresponding to the table for comparison, if the column only exists in the source database, setting the value of the state attribute of the column as new addition, and marking the data object of the table where the column is positioned as modification; if the column only exists in the target database, marking the column data object as deleted, and marking the table data object in which the column exists as modified; if the columns exist in the source database and the target database and the attributes of the columns are the same, not processing; if the columns exist in both the source database and the target database and the attributes of the columns are different, the column data object is marked as modified, and the table data object where the column exists is marked as modified.
In step 403, the source database and target database syntax may be different during the comparison. Preferably, the conversion configuration item is queried first to check whether the value of the data object of the source database needs to be converted, and if so, the value converted by the data object of the source database is compared with the value of the data object of the target database.
And 5, defining table structure attribute conversion classes of the source database and the target database, and correspondingly converting the table structure attributes with the contrast difference according to the table structure attributes of the target database. Traversing the data object set, and if the comparison result is new or updated, calling a conversion class to convert the grammar of the source database according to the grammar of the target database. The oracle database uses VARCHAR2 as the data type of the string, and VARCHAR is used in postgresql, which needs to be converted both when comparing and when generating SQL, as the data type of column information of the table structure attribute. Because of more configuration, for flexible conversion, the configuration items are stored in a database to define query SQL：getConfigMapping＝"SELECTSOURCE_STRING,TARGET_STRINGFROMDATA_BASE_MAPPING WHERESOURCE_DATA_BASE_TYPE＝?ANDTARGET_DATA_BASE_TYPE＝?AND MAPPING_TYPE＝?".
Wherein source_data_base_type refers to a SOURCE database TYPE; target_data_base_type refers to the TARGET database TYPE; MAPPING_TYPE refers to a comparison item, such as table.column.datatype, representing the data TYPE of the information listed in the table structure; source_stream and target_stream refer to configuration items to be converted.
Optionally, before comparing, the conversion relation may be input by user definition, and if the same source_string exists, the user definition will cover the value configured by the database. Meanwhile, when the data object is compared, a conversion configuration item corresponding to the MAPPING_TYPE is searched, and when the value in the SOURCE data object exists in the source_STRING, the value is converted into the TARGET_STRING and then compared with the TARGET data object. When not present, the original value is used for comparison. Similarly, the conversion class is also used to perform conversions when generating the target database SQL statement.
And 6, defining SQL generation classes of the database table structure attributes, and generating executable SQL according to DDL grammar of the target database table structure attributes. Each database has a respective SQL generating class, the class has parameters required by a fixed SQL generating template for extracting the data object for each supported table structure attribute, and the parameters are converted according to the conversion class to generate executable SQL and put into the data object.
And 7, returning a comparison result, rendering the page, and selecting any data object to check the difference between the two databases and synchronize SQL sentences.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the present method embodiment is shown as a series of acts, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may be performed in other order or concurrently in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required for the present application.
Example 2
This example is based on example 1:
The embodiment provides a multi-type database table structure comparison system, which comprises:
The query preprocessing module is used for defining a database table structure attribute SQL query execution class and setting an executable SQL statement for querying the database table structure attribute;
The common attribute extraction module is used for extracting the common table structure attribute of the source database and the target database;
The attribute query and conversion module is used for querying public table structure attributes of two databases according to the executable SQL sentences corresponding to the public table structure attributes to obtain a result set and converting the result set into data objects of the same type;
The data object comparison module is used for comparing the converted data objects according to the three aspects of adding, modifying and deleting, and recording the compared results;
The table structure attribute conversion module is used for defining table structure attribute conversion classes of the source database and the target database, and correspondingly converting the table structure attributes with the contrast difference according to the table structure attributes of the target database;
And the execution statement generation module is used for defining SQL generation classes of the database table structure attributes and generating executable SQL according to DDL grammar of the target database table structure attributes.
Example 3
This example is based on example 1:
The present embodiment provides a computer device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the multi-type database table structure comparison method of embodiment 1 when the computer program is executed. Wherein the computer program may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc.
Example 4
This example is based on example 1:
The present embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the multi-type database table structure comparison method of embodiment 1. Wherein the computer program may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The storage medium includes: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording medium, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media, among others. It should be noted that the content of the storage medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of jurisdictions in which the legislation and the patent practice, such as in some jurisdictions, the storage medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals according to the legislation and the patent practice.
Claims (9)
1. A method for comparing table structures of a plurality of types of databases, comprising the steps of:
Step 1: defining a database table structure attribute SQL query execution class, and setting an executable SQL statement for querying the database table structure attribute;
Step 2: extracting public table structure attributes of a source database and a target database;
Step 3: inquiring public table structure attributes of two databases according to executable SQL sentences corresponding to the public table structure attributes to obtain a result set, and converting the result set into data objects of the same type;
Step 4: comparing the converted data object according to the three aspects of adding, modifying and deleting, and recording the compared result;
step 5: defining table structure attribute conversion classes of a source database and a target database, and correspondingly converting the table structure attributes with the contrast difference according to the table structure attributes of the target database;
Step 6: SQL generating class defining database table structure attribute, and generating executable SQL according to DDL grammar of target database table structure attribute.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step2, the common attributes of the two databases are extracted according to the table structure attributes supported by the two databases, and only the common attributes are queried and compared, wherein the table structure attributes include a table, a constraint, an index and a sequence.
3. The method for comparing table structures of multi-type databases according to claim 2, wherein the step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:
Step 401: when the data objects of the table are compared, respectively traversing a set formed by the table data objects of the source database and the target database, taking the table name as a key, taking the table data object as a value, and generating tableMap information; likewise, traversing the set of column data objects, wherein tableName is used as a key, and value is used as the column information set under the table;
Step 402: traversing tableMap of the source database, searching the key of the object in tableMap of the target database, and marking the table data object as newly added if the table only exists in the source database, wherein the objects in the column information set corresponding to the table are marked as newly added; if the key exists in the two databases, comparing remark attributes of the table data object, and marking the table data object as modified if remark information is different, and executing step S403;
step 403: traversing the column information set corresponding to the table for comparison, if the column only exists in the source database, setting the value of the state attribute of the column as new addition, and marking the data object of the table where the column is positioned as modification; if the column only exists in the target database, marking the column data object as deleted, and marking the table data object in which the column exists as modified; if the columns exist in the source database and the target database and the attributes of the columns are the same, not processing; if the columns exist in both the source database and the target database and the attributes of the columns are different, the column data object is marked as modified, and the table data object where the column exists is marked as modified.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein in step 403, the conversion configuration item is queried first to see if the value of the data object of the source database needs to be converted, and if the value of the data object of the source database needs to be converted, the converted value of the data object of the source database is compared with the value of the data object of the target database.
5. The method for comparing table structures of multiple types of databases according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, corresponding SQL query execution classes are found according to types of the source database and the target database, and are used for querying public table structure attributes of the two databases according to respective corresponding SQL statements to obtain result sets, and then packaging the queried result sets into the same data objects for facilitating subsequent comparison.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the conversion is performed according to the table structure attribute of the target database, and the conversion includes a column type and a column default value.
7. A multi-type database table structure comparison system, comprising:
The query preprocessing module is used for defining a database table structure attribute SQL query execution class and setting an executable SQL statement for querying the database table structure attribute;
The common attribute extraction module is used for extracting the common table structure attribute of the source database and the target database;
The attribute query and conversion module is used for querying public table structure attributes of two databases according to the executable SQL sentences corresponding to the public table structure attributes to obtain a result set and converting the result set into data objects of the same type;
The data object comparison module is used for comparing the converted data objects according to the three aspects of adding, modifying and deleting, and recording the compared results;
The table structure attribute conversion module is used for defining table structure attribute conversion classes of the source database and the target database, and correspondingly converting the table structure attributes with the contrast difference according to the table structure attributes of the target database;
And the execution statement generation module is used for defining SQL generation classes of the database table structure attributes and generating executable SQL according to DDL grammar of the target database table structure attributes.
8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the multi-type database table structure comparison method of any of claims 1-6 when the computer program is executed.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the multi-type database table structure comparison method of any of claims 1-6.
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