CN113671741A - Electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device and method - Google Patents
Electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113671741A CN113671741A CN202110963328.3A CN202110963328A CN113671741A CN 113671741 A CN113671741 A CN 113671741A CN 202110963328 A CN202110963328 A CN 202110963328A CN 113671741 A CN113671741 A CN 113671741A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1685—Operation of cells; Circuit arrangements affecting the entire cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for switching and displaying electronic paper and liquid crystal, which relate to the technical field of electronic display, can realize switching between electronic paper display and liquid crystal display or combined display of the electronic paper display and the liquid crystal display according to requirements, effectively reduce power consumption and improve color gamut; the display device comprises the following components which are sequentially superposed and can realize liquid crystal display: an upper substrate, comprising: a filter with a black matrix; the liquid crystal layer controls incident and emergent light energy by changing the arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules; a lower substrate; and a backlight layer; an electrophoresis layer which is provided with electronic ink and can realize the transverse displacement of ink particles between the black matrix area and the light-transmitting area under the drive of an electric field is arranged between the lower substrate and the backlight layer. The technical scheme provided by the invention is suitable for the process of electronic display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic display, in particular to an electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device and method.
Background
Liquid crystal display is one of the most widely used display technologies, and the liquid crystal display technology is widely used in daily life and work due to its characteristics of being light, thin, non-radiative, portable, and the like. The electronic paper display technology aims to create an electronic display device which is as light and thin as common paper, can be bent and can passively display by means of an external light source, and because the technology has the characteristic of bistable state, and no extra power supply is needed during image retention, a large amount of energy can be saved. As a novel display technology, the flexible electronic paper display technology becomes one of the important directions for the research of modern display technologies by virtue of the characteristics of small volume, light weight, low power consumption, passive light emission and the like.
The display panel manufactured by the liquid crystal display technology has high resolution, strong contrast, wide color gamut and good stability, and is the best choice for the screen of the current electronic product, but the liquid crystal display has large power consumption due to the active display principle, and even screen flicker and harmful blue light generation can occur; the electronic paper display technology is taken as a typical passive display technology, can effectively protect eyes from being damaged by a light source emitted by a screen, can obtain a reading effect similar to that of common paper, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly because electric energy is required to be supplied only when display is refreshed. However, the electronic paper has poor display resolution and slow response speed, and is only suitable for displaying products with low requirements on refresh rate, such as electronic books, and most of the current electronic paper display products can only display black and white states, and even if the products with colorized display are realized, the color gamut is low, and the electronic paper display has limitations.
Therefore, it is desirable to develop a display device and method capable of switching between electronic paper and liquid crystal to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, so as to solve or alleviate one or more of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device and method, which can implement switching between electronic paper display and liquid crystal display or display combining the electronic paper display and the liquid crystal display according to requirements, thereby effectively reducing power consumption and improving color gamut.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device, where the display device includes:
an upper substrate, comprising:
a filter with a black matrix;
the liquid crystal layer controls incident and emergent light energy by changing the arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules;
a lower substrate; and
a backlight layer;
an electrophoresis layer which is provided with electronic ink and can realize the transverse displacement of ink particles between the black matrix area and the light-transmitting area under the drive of an electric field is arranged between the lower substrate and the backlight layer. The black matrix area refers to the lower part of the black matrix, and the light transmission area refers to the lower part of the light transmission area of the light filter.
The aspect and any possible implementation described above further provide an implementation, where the upper substrate includes:
an upper glass substrate;
an upper polarizing plate mounted above the upper glass substrate;
red, green and blue filters with black matrixes mounted below the upper glass substrate;
a protective film installed below the optical filter;
a common electrode installed below the protective film;
and an alignment film installed below the common electrode.
A liquid crystal layer controlled by the thin film transistor and arranged below the alignment film;
the lower substrate includes:
a lower glass substrate mounted below the liquid crystal layer;
a lower polarizing plate installed below the lower glass substrate;
the backlight layer includes:
the backlight source comprises a light diffusion layer, a backlight source and a reflecting plate which are sequentially arranged in a layered mode.
The aspect and any possible implementation described above further provide an implementation, in which the electrophoretic layer includes: the electronic ink, the common electrode and the driving electrode;
the electronic ink is disposed between the common electrode and the drive electrode.
The above aspects and any possible implementation manners further provide an implementation manner that the driving electrode is a direct current driving electrode or a thin film transistor driving electrode.
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which the electronic ink is a red, green, and blue electronic ink with the same charge or a red, green, and blue electronic ink with different charges.
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation, where the filter includes a red filter, a green filter, and a blue filter; and the electronic ink matched with the color of the corresponding area of the different optical filters is arranged in the corresponding area of the different optical filters.
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which the ink particles are in a state after the lateral displacement of the electrophoretic layer, where the ink particles are all located in the black matrix region, all located in the light transmissive region, or both.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for switching between electronic paper and liquid crystal, the method being suitable for use in any one of the display devices described above;
the method comprises the following steps:
driving the electronic ink to the lower part of the black matrix of the optical filter through the driving electrode, and starting a light source in the backlight layer to realize liquid crystal display;
driving the electronic ink to the lower part of the light-transmitting area of the optical filter through the driving electrode, and closing a light source in the backlight layer to realize electronic paper display; or
And one part of the electronic ink is driven to the lower part of the black matrix of the optical filter through the driving electrode, the other part of the electronic ink is driven to the lower part of the light-transmitting area, and the light source in the backlight layer is started to realize the combined display of the liquid crystal and the electronic paper.
The above-mentioned aspects and any possible implementation further provide an implementation manner that the electronic ink in the liquid crystal display is the electronic ink with the same charge amount or the electronic ink with different charges;
when the electronic paper displays, the electronic ink is the same as the electronic ink with the same charge;
the electronic ink displayed by combining the liquid crystal and the electronic paper is the electronic ink with different charges.
The above aspects and any possible implementation manners further provide an implementation manner that the thin film transistor controls the arrangement manner of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer, and the vibration direction of the transmitted light is changed or not changed, so that the liquid crystal display, the electronic paper display or the combination display of the liquid crystal display and the electronic paper display is turned on or off. By adjusting the degree of change in the vibration direction of the transmitted light, a change in chromaticity, brightness, and/or saturation at the time of display is achieved.
The above aspects and any possible implementation further provide an implementation that adjusts the areas of the electronic ink under the black matrix and the light-transmitting area, respectively, and the light source power of the backlight layer according to the intensity of the ambient light.
Compared with the prior art, one of the technical schemes has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the invention provides an electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device, which can realize the switching effect of electronic paper display and liquid crystal display by adding an electrophoresis layer below a lower polarizing plate and above a backlight layer, integrates the advantages of the two displays and solves the problems of low display color gamut of the electronic paper, high power consumption of the liquid crystal display and the like;
another technical scheme in the above technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the duty ratio of the electronic ink and the power of the backlight layer can be adjusted according to the intensity of the natural light, and the purpose of low-power display is further achieved.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional LCD;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first display mode, namely a liquid crystal display mode, of the electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a second display mode of the electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device according to an embodiment of the invention, namely the display mode of the electronic paper;
FIG. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of a first display mode of controlling an electrophoretic layer by using a passive matrix DC driving electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of a second display mode of controlling an electrophoretic layer by using a passive matrix DC driving electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of a first display mode of controlling an electrophoretic layer by using a driving electrode of an active matrix TFT according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of a second display mode using an active matrix TFT driving electrode to control an electrophoretic layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of a first display mode of controlling an electrophoretic layer by using a driving electrode of an active matrix TFT according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6(b) is a schematic diagram of a third display mode of controlling an electrophoretic layer by using a driving electrode of an active matrix thin film transistor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in the figure:
101. an upper polarizing plate; 102. an upper glass substrate; 103. an optical filter; 104. a protective film; 105. a common electrode; 106. an alignment film; 107. a liquid crystal layer; 108. a lower glass substrate; 109. a lower polarizing plate; 110. an electrophoretic layer; 111. a first electronic ink; 112. an electrophoretic layer common electrode; 113. a passive matrix direct current drive electrode; 114. an active matrix thin film transistor drive electrode; 115. a second electronic ink; 121. a light diffusion layer; 122. a backlight source; 123. a reflective plate.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device, which combines the advantages of the electronic paper and the liquid crystal display technology and has the advantages of low power consumption, high contrast, high refresh rate and the like. The invention is obtained by adding an electrophoresis layer which can help to realize switching on the basis of the traditional liquid crystal display technology.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional liquid crystal display including an upper substrate including an upper polarizing plate 101, an upper glass substrate 102, red, green and blue color filters 103 with black matrix, a protective film 104, a common electrode 105, an alignment film 106 and a liquid crystal layer 107 controlled by a thin film transistor, a lower substrate and a backlight layer; the lower substrate includes a lower glass substrate 108 and a lower polarizing plate 109; the backlight layer includes a light diffusion layer 121, a backlight 122, and a reflection plate 123. The upper polarizing plate, the upper glass substrate, the red, green and blue filters with black matrixes, the protective film, the common electrode, the alignment film, the liquid crystal layer controlled by the thin film transistor, the lower glass substrate, the lower polarizing plate and the backlight layer are stacked from top to bottom to form a layered structure. The display principle of the liquid crystal display is based on the polarization theory of light: the upper and lower polarizing plates 101 and 109 can convert light transmitted therethrough into linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizing plate, and only light energy having the vibration direction in the polarization direction can transmit through the polarizing plate. The polarization directions of the upper and lower polarization plates 101 and 109 are perpendicular to each other, and the polarization directions of the upper and lower polarization plates 101 and 109 are defined as an s-vibration direction and a p-vibration direction, respectively. The white light emitted from the backlight 122 is reflected, diffused, and collimated by the light diffusion layer 121 and the reflection plate 123, and then passes through the lower polarization plate 109, is converted into linearly polarized light in the p vibration direction, and then passes through the lower glass substrate 108.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device, as shown in fig. 2, including an upper substrate, a lower substrate, a backlight layer, and an electrophoretic layer disposed between the lower substrate and the backlight layer, and switching between electronic paper display and liquid crystal display is implemented by controlling whether electronic ink in the electrophoretic layer is located under a black matrix.
Specifically, the electrophoretic layer is an electrophoretic layer 110 with electronic ink. The electrophoretic layer 110 is installed below the lower substrate and above the backlight layer. The electrophoretic layer is a lateral transport electrophoretic display layer. The lateral transport electrophoretic display layer specifically includes: transparent electrophoretic liquid, charged color particles, a microprism film layer, an electrophoretic layer common electrode 112 and a driving electrode; the common electrode of the electrophoretic layer may be a transparent conductive layer; the microprism film layer is a thin film that collimates light. The charged color particles include red, green and blue color particles, and the charged amount of the color particles is the same or different, i.e., the first electronic ink 111 of red, green and blue with the same charged amount and the second electronic ink 115 of red, green and blue with different charged amount. When the charged amounts of the color particles are the same, the driving electrode is a passive matrix direct current driving electrode 113 or an active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode 114, and the driving electrode is selected according to whether the charged amounts of the color particles are the same or not; specifically, when the charged amounts of the color particles are different, the driving electrode is an active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode. The electrophoretic layer 110 moves laterally under the control of an electric field, so that the switching between the two display modes of the electronic paper and the liquid crystal is realized. The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching device can realize the switching between the electronic paper display and the liquid crystal display under the condition of not changing the liquid crystal display structure, simplify the manufacturing process and improve the compatibility of products.
The electrophoretic layer 110 has red, green and blue particles respectively under the color filter layer. Because the existence of the black matrix, the aperture opening ratio of the liquid crystal display can not reach 100 percent, therefore, the invention utilizes the characteristic to skillfully hide the color particles below the black matrix, thereby not only not influencing the liquid crystal display mode, but also realizing the switching of the display of the electronic paper by controlling the color particles of the electrophoretic layer. The switching display device can realize display in three modes, namely a first display mode, a second display mode and a third display mode by controlling the electrophoretic layer through the passive matrix direct current driving electrode or the active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode. The three display modes are described in detail below:
the first display mode is liquid crystal display, the charged red, green and blue color particles move to the lower part of the black matrix of the filter layer under the control of the passive matrix direct current driving electrode or the active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode, as shown in fig. 2, the backlight source is turned on, and the liquid crystal layer realizes liquid crystal display under the driving of the thin film transistor, that is, the thin film transistor in the liquid crystal layer controls the arrangement mode of the liquid crystal, so that the liquid crystal display is realized. At this time, the electrophoretic layer 110 does not affect the white light emitted by the backlight 122, and the first display mode is implemented after the backlight 122 is turned on. In the first display mode, the principle of the general liquid crystal display is conformed.
The conventional liquid crystal display comprises two display modes of a liquid crystal off state and a liquid crystal on state, and the display device of the invention also has the two display modes in the liquid crystal display mode.
In the liquid crystal off-state display mode, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 107 are aligned under the control of the thin film transistor, linearly polarized light in the p vibration direction can penetrate through the liquid crystal layer 107 without changing the polarization direction, and the linearly polarized light in the p vibration direction is transmitted upwards and sequentially penetrates through the alignment film 106, the common electrode 105, the protective film 104, the red, green and blue color filters 103 with the black matrix and the upper glass substrate 102. Wherein, the black matrix is located right above the TFT of the liquid crystal layer 107 to protect the TFT from the external environment light; the red, green, and blue filters are located right above the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 107, and convert the white light source into red, green, and blue light for color display. At this time, the linearly polarized light in the p-vibration direction cannot pass through the upper polarizing plate 101 in the s-vibration direction, and the liquid crystal is displayed in an off state.
In the liquid crystal on-state display mode, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 107 are arranged according to a certain rule under the control of the thin film transistor, and after linearly polarized light in the p vibration direction passes through the liquid crystal layer 107, the polarization direction rotates, and the linearly polarized light in the p vibration direction is no longer, namely, a component in the s vibration direction exists. This linearly polarized light in the s vibration direction is transmitted upward, and sequentially passes through the alignment film 106, the common electrode 105, the protective film 104, and the red, green, and blue filters 103 with black matrixes, at this time, the white light source in the s vibration direction is converted into red light, green light, and blue light, respectively, and then passes through the upper glass substrate 102, at this time, the linearly polarized light in the s vibration direction may pass through the upper polarizing plate 101 in the s vibration direction, and the liquid crystal display is in an on state. If the liquid crystal molecules rotate the vibration direction of the linearly polarized light by 90 degrees, namely the linearly polarized light energy in the p vibration direction is completely converted into the linearly polarized light in the s vibration direction, the light energy is maximum at the moment; under other angles, the relationship between emergent light and incident light energy meets the Malus law. The electronic circuit controls the thin film transistor of the liquid crystal layer 107, further controls the arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules, can respectively control the emergent light energy of red light, green light and blue light, superposes the optical colorimetry principle, can realize the change of chromaticity, brightness and saturation, and realizes color display.
In the second display mode, the red, green and blue electronic inks in the electrophoretic layer move to the positions below the red, green and blue color filters under the driving of the electric field, the area right below the color filters is completely covered, the backlight source is turned off, and the thin film transistor drives the liquid crystal layer to realize the electronic paper display, as shown in fig. 3. Namely: under the control of a passive matrix direct current driving electrode or an active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode, the charged red, green and blue color particles all move to the lower part of the optical filter, the backlight source is closed, and the thin film transistor in the liquid crystal layer controls the arrangement mode of liquid crystal, so that the electronic paper display is realized: when the external environment light is strong enough, the natural light enters the display device, and becomes linearly polarized light in the s vibration direction after passing through the upper polarizing plate, and then sequentially passes through the upper glass substrate 102, the red, green and blue color filters 103 with black matrixes, the protective film 104, the common electrode 105, the alignment film 106, the liquid crystal layer 107 controlled by the thin film transistor, and the lower glass substrate 108 to reach the lower polarizing plate 109, and the light passing through the lower polarizing plate is reflected by the color particles, so that the purpose of color display is achieved.
It should be noted that when the liquid crystal molecules convert the vibration direction of the linearly polarized light into a vibration direction perpendicular to the linear polarized light, all of the light energy can pass through the lower polarizing plate 109; if the liquid crystal molecules do not change the vibration direction of the polarized light, the light energy cannot penetrate through the lower polarizing plate. Therefore, the arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer can be controlled through the thin film transistor, so that the transmittance of light energy passing through the lower polarizing plate is controlled, and the on and off of the electronic paper display and the conversion of color saturation during the on are realized. That is, the second display mode also relates to both the closed and open states. In the off state of the second display mode, the liquid crystal layer 107 is aligned under the control of the thin film transistor without changing the vibration direction of the transmitted light. Then the linearly polarized light in the s-vibration direction is transmitted through the liquid crystal layer and then is still linearly polarized in the s-vibration direction, and is transmitted through the lower glass substrate 108 and then cannot be transmitted through the lower polarizing plate 109, and at this time, the electronic paper display is turned off. In the state where the second display mode is on, the liquid crystal layer 107 is regularly arranged under the control of the thin film transistor, and the vibration direction of the transmitted light can be changed. Then, after the linearly polarized light in the s-direction of vibration passes through the liquid crystal layer, there is light energy in the p-direction of vibration, and this light energy can pass through the lower polarizing plate 109 after passing through the lower glass substrate 108 and reach the electrophoretic layer 110. The color particles of the electrophoretic layer reflect incident light energy, are collimated by the microprism film layer, are transmitted upwards, and sequentially penetrate through the lower polarizing plate 109, the lower glass substrate 108, the liquid crystal layer 107, the alignment film 106, the common electrode 105, the protective film 104, the optical filter 103, the upper glass substrate 102 and the upper polarizing plate 101, so that an electronic paper display mode is realized. Similarly, the liquid crystal layer 107 thin film transistor is controlled by the circuit, and further the arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules is controlled, the emergent light energy reflected by red, green and blue color particles can be respectively controlled, and the optical colorimetry principle is superposed, so that the change of chromaticity, brightness and saturation can be realized, and the display of the color electronic paper is realized.
The third display mode is that the liquid crystal and the electronic paper are combined for display, the charged red, green and blue color particles partially move to the lower part of the optical filter under the control of the driving electrode of the active matrix thin film transistor, the backlight source is started, and the thin film transistor in the liquid crystal layer controls the arrangement mode of the liquid crystal, so that the combined display of the liquid crystal and the electronic paper is realized. According to the intensity of natural light, the duty ratio of the color particles and the power of the backlight layer can be adjusted, and the purpose of low-power display is achieved.
To illustrate the motion driving manner of the color particles of the electrophoretic layer 110, several embodiments are provided. In order to simplify the structure, the embodiment is described by taking a single green sub-pixel as an example, and the electronic ink and the color particles have the same meaning in this application.
Fig. 4(a) and fig. 4(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating a first display mode and a second display mode implemented by controlling an electrophoretic layer using a passive matrix dc driving electrode 113 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The passive matrix dc driving electrode 113 is composed of dc scan lines and address lines, and the level inputted to the scan lines is controlled by a digital circuit, and together with the common electrode 112 of the electrophoretic layer, a lateral electric field is formed at each sub-pixel of the electrophoretic layer. The color particles (i.e., the first electronic ink 111) with the same charge amount move left and right under the action of the transverse electric field. In this embodiment, the three charged color particles have the same charge amount. The charged color particles are driven by the action of the transverse electric field to move to the lower part of the black matrix, the backlight source is started, and the thin film transistor in the liquid crystal layer controls the arrangement mode of liquid crystal to realize liquid crystal display; when the color particles are moved to the lower part of the light-transmitting filter under the action of the transverse electric field, the backlight source is closed, and the thin film transistor in the liquid crystal layer controls the arrangement mode of the liquid crystal, so that the electronic paper display is realized.
Fig. 5(a) and 5(b) are schematic diagrams of a first display mode and a second display mode of the present invention in which the electrophoretic layer is controlled by the active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode 114. The active matrix thin film transistor electrode 114 includes a scanning line, an address line, and a thin film transistor; the gate of the thin film transistor is connected with the scanning line, the source is connected with the address line, the voltage input to the gate of the thin film transistor is controlled by the digital circuit, the output voltage of the drain of the thin film transistor can be controlled, and a transverse electric field can be formed at each sub-pixel of the electrophoretic layer together with the common electrode 112 of the electrophoretic layer. The first electronic ink 111 with the same charge moves left and right under the action of the transverse electric field. In this embodiment, the three charged color particles have the same charge amount. When the color particles are moved to the lower part of the black matrix under the action of the transverse electric field, the liquid crystal display can be realized according to the realization mode of the first display mode; when the color particles are all moved to the lower part of the light-transmitting filter under the action of the transverse electric field, the electronic paper display can be realized according to the implementation mode of the second display mode.
Fig. 6(a) and 6(b) are schematic diagrams of a first display mode and a third display mode of the present invention in which the electrophoretic layer is controlled by the active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode 114. In this embodiment, the three color particles in the electrophoretic layer have different charges (i.e., the second electronic ink 115 is used), so that the second electronic ink 115 is in different positions under the action of the lateral electric field. In the first display mode, the active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode 114 and the common electrode of the electrophoretic layer act together to form a transverse electric field, and the second electronic ink 115 is driven to the right lower side of the black matrix, and in this case, the liquid crystal display mode is adopted, and the implementation mode is consistent with the method described above; in the third display mode, the active matrix thin film transistor driving electrode 114 and the common electrode of the electrophoretic layer act together to form a transverse electric field, and because the charge amounts of the color particles of the second electronic ink 115 are different, the size and distribution of the transverse electric field can be changed, so that only part of the second electronic ink 115 is positioned below the light-transmitting filter, and the other part of the second electronic ink is positioned below the black matrix, thereby realizing the third display mode in which the liquid crystal display and the electronic paper display exist simultaneously. The ratio of the area of the second electronic ink 115 below the light-transmitting filter to the total area of the light-transmitting filter is defined as a duty ratio, the duty ratio of 0 is the first display mode, the duty ratio of 1 is the second display mode, and the duty ratio is between 0 and 1, the third display mode is provided.
In one embodiment, the value of the duty cycle may be determined by the intensity of the ambient light, and the greater the intensity of the ambient light, the closer the duty cycle should be to 1. The larger the duty cycle, the lower the required backlight power, indicating that the display light energy is primarily composed of natural light reflected by the electronic ink.
In the third display mode, the backlight source 122 is turned on, and on one hand, the white light emitted by the backlight source 122 is transmitted upward through the area not blocked by the second electronic ink 115; on the other hand, the external natural light may reach the electrophoretic layer, and be reflected by the second electronic ink 115 and transmitted upward. The thin film transistors in the liquid crystal layer 107 control the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, and can control the white light emission energy emitted by the backlight and the external environment light reflection energy at the same time: when the liquid crystal molecules are arranged orderly, the polarized light passing through the liquid crystal molecules is not affected, at this time, after the external environment light passes through the upper polarizing plate 101, the linearly polarized light in the s polarization direction is generated, cannot pass through the lower polarizing plate 109 to reach the electrophoretic layer and then cannot be reflected, and the white light emitted by the backlight source passes through the lower polarizing plate 109, the linearly polarized light in the p polarization direction is generated, cannot pass through the upper polarizing plate 101 and then cannot be emitted, which is the off state of the third display mode; when the liquid crystal molecules are arranged according to a certain rule under the action of the thin film transistor, the polarization direction of the polarized light changes after passing through the liquid crystal layer 107, at this time, after the external environment light passes through the upper polarization plate 101, linear polarization light in the s-polarization direction is generated, after passing through the liquid crystal molecules, light energy has a component in the p-vibration direction, and therefore the part of energy can pass through the lower polarization plate 109 and further reach the electrophoretic layer to be reflected by the electronic ink 115, meanwhile, white light emitted by the backlight source generates linear polarization light in the p-polarization direction after passing through the lower polarization plate 109, and after passing through the liquid crystal molecules, light energy has a component in the s-vibration direction, and therefore the part of energy can pass through the upper polarization plate 101 to finish emergence, which is the on state of the third display mode.
The electronic ink in the electrophoretic layer moves in a transverse electrophoresis mode, the color particles in each sub-pixel are controlled by a transverse electric field generated by a single group of control electrodes and a common electrode, and the electronic paper display device has a faster response speed and a higher display refresh rate compared with the traditional electronic paper display device. Combine electronic paper demonstration and liquid crystal display, when having ambient light to exist, can effectively reduce the consumption of liquid crystal display backlight, under the enough big condition of ambient light intensity, can switch liquid crystal display into electronic paper demonstration completely, electronic paper shows to the reflective display, leans on the reflection of natural light, has effectively avoided the blue light, protects user's eyes, and the characteristics that electronic paper shows produce the consumption for only showing when switching, has practiced thrift energy consumption to a great extent.
In addition, in one embodiment of the present application, the upper glass substrate 102, the upper polarizing plate 101, the red, green, and blue filters with black matrix 103, the protective film 104, the common electrode 105, the alignment film 106, the liquid crystal layer 107 controlled by the thin film transistor, the lower glass substrate 108, the lower polarizing plate 109, the light diffusion layer 121, the backlight 122, and the reflection plate 12 of the display device of the present application are the same as those of the active matrix thin film transistor-driven liquid crystal display.
The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device and method provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method of the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
As used in the specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, and a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range to substantially achieve the technical effect. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the definitions of the appended claims.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the application as described herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is to be protected by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device is characterized by comprising the following components which are sequentially superposed and can realize liquid crystal display:
an upper substrate, comprising:
a filter with a black matrix;
the liquid crystal layer controls incident and emergent light energy by changing the arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules;
a lower substrate; and
a backlight layer;
an electrophoresis layer which is provided with electronic ink and can realize the transverse displacement of ink particles between the black matrix area and the light-transmitting area under the drive of an electric field is arranged between the lower substrate and the backlight layer.
2. The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device of claim 1, wherein the electrophoretic layer comprises: the electronic ink, the common electrode and the driving electrode;
the electronic ink is disposed between the common electrode and the drive electrode.
3. The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device according to claim 2, wherein the driving electrode is a direct current driving electrode or a thin film transistor driving electrode.
4. The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device of claim 1, wherein the electronic ink is red, green, blue electronic ink with the same charge amount or red, green, blue electronic ink with different charge amounts.
5. The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device of claim 1, wherein the filter comprises a red filter, a green filter, and a blue filter; and the electronic ink matched with the color of the corresponding area of the different optical filters is arranged in the corresponding area of the different optical filters.
6. The electronic paper and liquid crystal switching display device according to claim 1, wherein the ink particles are entirely present in the black matrix region, entirely present in the light transmissive region, or both in a state after the lateral displacement of the electrophoretic layer.
7. A method for switching display between electronic paper and liquid crystal, wherein the method is applied to the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the method comprises the following steps:
driving the electronic ink to the lower part of the black matrix of the optical filter through the driving electrode, and starting a light source in the backlight layer to realize liquid crystal display;
driving the electronic ink to the lower part of the light-transmitting area of the optical filter through the driving electrode, and closing a light source in the backlight layer to realize electronic paper display; or
And one part of the electronic ink is driven to the lower part of the black matrix of the optical filter through the driving electrode, the other part of the electronic ink is driven to the lower part of the light-transmitting area, and the light source in the backlight layer is started to realize the combined display of the liquid crystal and the electronic paper.
8. The method for switching between electronic paper and liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 7, wherein the electronic ink for liquid crystal display is the same or different in charge;
when the electronic paper displays, the electronic ink is the same as the electronic ink with the same charge;
the electronic ink displayed by combining the liquid crystal and the electronic paper is the electronic ink with different charges.
9. The method for switching between the display of the electronic paper and the liquid crystal according to claim 7, wherein the thin film transistor controls the arrangement mode of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer, and the vibration direction of the transmitted light is changed or not changed, so as to turn on or off the liquid crystal display, the electronic paper display or the combination display of the liquid crystal display and the electronic paper display.
10. The method for switching between electronic paper and liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 7, wherein the areas of the electronic ink under the black matrix and the transparent region, respectively, and the light source power of the backlight layer are adjusted according to the intensity of the ambient light.
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