CN113671365B - Method for verifying whether circuit breaker has on-off and on-off capabilities - Google Patents
Method for verifying whether circuit breaker has on-off and on-off capabilities Download PDFInfo
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- CN113671365B CN113671365B CN202110955996.1A CN202110955996A CN113671365B CN 113671365 B CN113671365 B CN 113671365B CN 202110955996 A CN202110955996 A CN 202110955996A CN 113671365 B CN113671365 B CN 113671365B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for verifying whether a circuit breaker has opening and closing capabilities or not, and belongs to the field of circuit breaker equipment in power switch equipment. The method comprises a determination curve E-T of the dynamic electric field intensity of the circuit breaker, an insulation medium temperature curve T-T formed by short-circuit current and arc current, a flow velocity curve F-T and a diffusion curve S-T of a current cautery caused by the random mechanical force of the insulation medium, a pressure curve P-T formed by the random mechanical force of the insulation medium and the like. Whether the insulation capacity of the breaker meets the basic physical conditions of the short-circuit current on-off or off under the overlapped working conditions of various physical fields where the breaker is located in the short-circuit current on-off and off-on periods is judged by the system, so that the basic design capacity of the breaker is improved, and the actual working capacity of the breaker is verified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit breaker equipment in power switch equipment, in particular to a method for verifying whether a circuit breaker has opening and closing capabilities.
Background
Circuit breakers are important electrical devices in electrical power systems and function to open and close rated, fault and short circuit currents. When the breaker opens and closes the short-circuit current, the physical environment of the breaker basically determines the capacity of the breaker for opening and closing the current, when the improperly designed breaker is actually subjected to a type test or actually runs, the breaker can be subjected to the conditions of reignition, breakdown, incapability of opening and closing the current and the like because the physical environment of the breaker cannot meet the requirements of the opening and closing current, if the conditions occur in the type test, the test fails, a large amount of time cost and economic cost are lost, and if the conditions occur in the type test, the breaker can explode due to the pressure change of an insulating medium, and the safety of personnel and equipment is injured. If the situation occurs on the site, because the current of the circuit breaker at the current level cannot be cut off, the circuit breaker at the upper level or the lower level is forced to trip in an unintended protective manner, the stability of the power system is influenced, and even the safety of operation and maintenance personnel and other equipment is threatened.
The traditional method is that according to the electric field intensity in the on-off and on-off period under the static physical environment, a proper margin is added according to experience, then a prototype is manufactured for test verification, if the circuit breaker passes the test, the circuit breaker is judged to meet the requirement and can be produced in batch, if the circuit breaker does not pass the test, the reason of the test failure is analyzed, and the partial structure is improved for carrying out the test again.
When the circuit breaker is in the on-off or on-off current, the circuit breaker is in a complex change physical environment, the factor of change and the autovariate factor overlap each other, the operating mode is complex, the physical environment is all changing along with the action of circuit breaker, only establish the system environment of mutual influence with all known physical variables, just can more effective analysis and judge the physical environment under the operating mode that the circuit breaker is located, whether possess from the judgement circuit breaker and open and close the ability based on the change of each physical quantity along with time, and then guarantee whether reasonable design optimization can ensure the circuit breaker smoothly pass through the safety and stability operation after the formal test and the operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for verifying whether a breaker has opening and closing capabilities, which can basically judge whether the physical environment of the breaker meets the requirements when the breaker opens and closes current, thereby prejudging whether the breaker can pass the test verification smoothly, and being safe and reliable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for verifying whether a circuit breaker has opening and closing capabilities comprises the following steps:
s1: installing a breaker in natural environment air, and filling an insulating medium into the breaker, wherein the insulating medium is generally gas or liquid, the breaker is switched on, the breaker is in a closing state, and the voltage flowing through the breaker is stable;
s2: when the circuit breaker is opened to generate electric arc, a conductive cylinder body in the circuit breaker is pulled by an indirect operating mechanism, so that insulating medium originally in the space outside the cylinder flows to the space inside the cylinder through a one-way valve plate, and short-circuit electric arc has a blocking effect, so that the pressure of the insulating medium in the space inside the cylinder is changed, and a curve P-t of pressure and time is formed;
s3: the short circuit arc has extremely high heat, so that an insulating medium in the space in the cylinder is heated to form a heat and time curve T-T;
s4: when the opening electric arc of the circuit breaker is just extinguished, the blocking effect of the short circuit electric arc is eliminated, and the insulating medium in the space in the cylinder diffuses towards the specified direction along with the opening of the overflow hole to form a curve F-t formed by the flow speed and the time;
s5: the static side arc contact and the moving side arc contact in the circuit breaker are burnt by the short-circuit arc and tend to generate metal particles, the approximate quantity of the metal particles is calculated by the generation time of the short-circuit arc and is diffused under the influence of the flow of the insulating medium to form a diffusion and time curve S-t;
s6: the breaker forms a dispersed electric field E, the dielectric constant epsilon which is an important parameter for determining the electric field intensity endured by the insulating medium changes along with time due to the fact that the insulating medium is compressed, heated and polluted by metal particles, and a P-T curve, a T-T curve, an F-T curve and an S-T curve are formed under the condition that T is taken as a dimension and are corrected according to occurrence time to obtain an electric field intensity endured by the insulating medium-time curve E' -T because the time T is taken as a uniform dimension;
s7: and comparing the E-t curve with the E' -t, wherein the electric field in the breaker can tolerate the recovery voltage and then passes, and the electric field in the breaker cannot tolerate the recovery voltage and then fails, so that whether the breaker has the breaking capacity or not is judged.
Preferably, in S1, the circuit breaker includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing are generally made of organic materials or porcelain insulation materials, the operating mechanism is located on the right side of the first housing and the second housing, the first housing is connected to the second housing, the second housing is connected to the operating mechanism, a first cover plate is disposed on the top end of the first housing, a second cover plate is disposed between the first housing and the second housing, a third cover plate is disposed between the second housing and the operating mechanism, and the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the third cover plate have sealing performance, wherein the first cover plate and the second cover plate can be connected to current and voltage.
Preferably, the inside quiet side conductor and the side conductor that moves that are equipped with of first shell, quiet side conductor generally is conductive alloy material with the side conductor that moves, quiet side conductor installs on the first apron, move the side conductor tail end and install on the second cover plate, conductive cylinder body tail end slidable mounting move side conductor front end.
Preferably, a stationary side arc contact is rigidly mounted on the stationary side conductor, a moving side arc contact is mounted at the front end of the conductive cylinder body, the stationary side arc contact and the moving side arc contact are generally made of copper alloy materials, the stationary side arc contact and the moving side arc contact are mainly used for breaking short-circuit arcs and resisting short-circuit arc ignition, a large nozzle and a small nozzle are arranged at the front end of the conductive cylinder body, and the large nozzle and the small nozzle are generally made of tetrafluoro organic materials.
Preferably, an insulating pull rod is arranged in the second shell, the insulating pull rod is rigidly connected with the operating mechanism through a first connector, a metal pull rod is arranged on the other side of the insulating pull rod, the metal pull rod is located in the first shell, the metal pull rod is rigidly connected with the insulating pull rod through a second connector, the metal pull rod is rigidly connected with the conductive cylinder body, and the operating mechanism drives the conductive cylinder body to move when moving.
Preferably, in the step S2, the check valve plate is located on the conductive cylinder body, and the check valve plate is in one-way communication with the space inside and outside the cylinder.
Preferably, the in-cylinder space refers to a constant volume space in the conductive cylinder body, and the out-cylinder space refers to a variable volume space formed between the conductive cylinder body and the movable side conductor.
Preferably, in S6, the electric field E includes an electric field between a stationary side and a ground potential, an electric field between a moving side and a ground potential, and an electric field between a stationary side and a moving side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, through a judgment curve E-T of the dynamic electric field intensity of the circuit breaker, an insulation medium temperature curve T-T formed by short-circuit current and arc current, a flow velocity curve F-T caused by the random mechanical force of the insulation medium, a diffusion curve S-T of a current cautery, a pressure curve P-T formed by the random mechanical force of the insulation medium and the like, whether the insulation capacity of the circuit breaker meets the basic physical conditions of the on-off of the short-circuit current or not under various physical field overlapping working conditions of the circuit breaker in the on-off and on-off period of the short-circuit current is judged by using a system, so that the basic design capacity of the circuit breaker is improved, and the actual working capacity of the circuit breaker is verified.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closing state diagram of a circuit breaker during an open cycle of the circuit breaker according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph of the factors influencing each other during the opening process of the circuit breaker of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the circuit breaker of the present invention during the breaking cycle when an arc is generated;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit breaker of the present invention after the arc is extinguished during the on-off period;
reference numbers in the figures: 1. a first cover plate; 2. a first housing; 3. a stationary side conductor; 4. a stationary side arc contact; 5. a large spout; 6. a small nozzle; 7. a moving side arc contact; 8. a metal tie rod; 9. the space in the cylinder; 10. a one-way valve plate; 11. a conductive cylinder body; 12. an out-of-cylinder space; 13. a movable side conductor; 14. natural ambient air; 15. a second cover plate; 16. a second connector; 17. an insulating pull rod; 18. a second housing; 19. a third cover plate; 20. a first connection head; 21. an operating mechanism; 22. an insulating medium; 23. short-circuiting the arc.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that they are presented herein only to illustrate and explain the present invention and not to limit the present invention.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1, the circuit breaker structure includes a first housing 2 and a second housing 18, which are generally made of organic materials or ceramic insulating materials, wherein the operating mechanism 21 is located on the right side of the first housing 2 and the second housing 18, the first housing 2 is connected to the second housing 18, the second housing 18 is connected to the operating mechanism 21, a first cover plate 1 is disposed on the top end of the first housing 2, a second cover plate 15 is disposed between the first housing 2 and the second housing 18, a third cover plate 19 is disposed between the second housing 18 and the operating mechanism 21, the first cover plate 1, the second cover plate 15, and the third cover plate 19 have sealing properties, wherein the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 15 can be connected to current and voltage, a stationary side conductor 3 and a moving side conductor 13 are disposed inside the first housing 2, the stationary side conductor 3 and the moving side conductor 13 are generally made of conductive alloys, the static side conductor 3 is installed on the first cover plate 1, the tail end of the movable side conductor 13 is installed on the second cover plate 15, the conductor electric cylinder is provided with a one-way valve body, the one-way valve plate 10 is communicated with the cylinder inner space 9 and the cylinder outer space 12 in a one-way mode, the cylinder inner space 9 refers to a constant volume space in the conductive cylinder body 11, the cylinder outer space 12 refers to a variable volume space formed between the conductive cylinder body 11 and the movable side conductor 13, the tail end of the conductive cylinder body 11 is installed at the front end of the movable side conductor 13 in a sliding mode, the static side arc contact 4 is installed on the static side conductor 3 in a rigid mode, the movable side arc contact 7 is installed at the front end of the conductive cylinder body 11, the static side arc contact 4 and the movable side arc contact 7 are generally made of copper alloy materials, the main function is to break the short circuit arc 23 and resist the burning of the short circuit arc 23, and the large nozzle 5 and the small nozzle 6 are arranged at the front end of the conductive cylinder body 11, big spout 5 and little spout 6 are polytetrafluoroethylene organic materials generally, be equipped with an insulating pull rod 17 in the second shell 18, insulating pull rod 17 with link to each other through the first connector 20 rigidity that is equipped with between the operating mechanism 21, insulating pull rod 17 opposite side is equipped with a metal pull rod 8, metal pull rod 8 is located in first shell 2, metal pull rod 8 with through the second connector 16 rigid connection that is equipped with between the insulating pull rod 17, metal pull rod 8 with conductive cylinder body 11 rigid connection, during the operation mechanism 21 action, drive conductive cylinder body 11 motion.
As shown in fig. 3, in the process of opening and closing the circuit breaker, a method for verifying whether the circuit breaker has opening and closing capabilities specifically includes the following steps:
s1: installing a breaker in natural environment air 14, and injecting an insulating medium 22 into the breaker, wherein the insulating medium 22 is generally gas or liquid, and the breaker is switched on, is in a closing state, and has stable voltage flowing through the breaker;
s2: as shown in fig. 3, when the circuit breaker is opened to generate an arc, the conductive cylinder 11 in the circuit breaker is pulled by the indirect operating mechanism 21, so that the insulating medium 22 originally in the space 12 outside the cylinder flows to the space 9 in the cylinder through the one-way valve plate 10, and the short-circuit arc 23 plays a role of blocking, so that the pressure of the insulating medium 22 in the space 9 in the cylinder changes, and a curve P-t of pressure and time is formed;
s3: the short-circuit arc 23 heats the insulating medium 22 in the cylinder space 9 due to extremely high heat, so that a heat and time curve T-T is formed;
s4: as shown in fig. 4, when the breaker opening arc is just extinguished, the blocking effect of the short circuit arc 23 is eliminated, and the insulating medium 22 in the cylinder space 9 diffuses in a specified direction along with the opening of the overflow hole, so as to form a curve F-t formed by the flow speed and the time;
s5: the static side arc contact 4 and the moving side arc contact 7 in the circuit breaker are burnt by the short-circuit arc 23 and tend to generate metal particles, the approximate quantity of the metal particles is calculated by the generation time of the short-circuit arc 23 and is diffused under the influence of the flow of the insulating medium 22 to form a diffusion and time curve S-t;
s6: the circuit breaker will form three dispersed electric fields E, the electric fields E comprises an electric field E1 between a static side and a ground potential, an electric field E2 between a dynamic side and the ground potential and an electric field E3 between the static side and the dynamic side, the circuit breaker is not opened to the position, the space distance between the static side conductor 3 and the dynamic side conductor 13 is still changed, and an electric field time curve E3-t is generated, due to the compression, heating and contamination of the insulating medium 22 by metal particles, the dielectric constant epsilon, an important parameter determining the strength of the electric field to which the insulating medium 22 is subjected, changes over time, because the time T is a unified dimension, a P-T curve, a T-T curve, an F-T curve and an S-T curve are formed under the dimension of T according to the occurrence time to correct an epsilon-T curve, and an electric field strength-time curve E' -T endured by the insulating medium 22 is obtained;
s7: and comparing the E-t curve with the E' -t curve, wherein the passing of the electric field which can withstand the recovery voltage is indicated when the electric field in the circuit breaker can withstand the recovery voltage, and the failure of the electric field which cannot withstand the recovery voltage is indicated when the electric field in the circuit breaker cannot withstand the recovery voltage, so that whether the circuit breaker has the breaking capacity is determined.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for verifying whether a circuit breaker has opening and closing capabilities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: installing a breaker in natural environment air, flushing an insulating medium into the breaker, switching on the breaker, wherein the breaker is in a closing state, and the voltage flowing through the breaker is stable;
s2: when the circuit breaker is opened to generate electric arc, a conductive cylinder body in the circuit breaker is pulled by an indirect operating mechanism, so that insulating medium originally in the space outside the cylinder flows to the space inside the cylinder through a one-way valve plate, and short-circuit electric arc has a blocking effect, so that the pressure of the insulating medium in the space inside the cylinder is changed, and a curve P-t of pressure and time is formed;
s3: the short circuit arc has extremely high heat, so that an insulating medium in the space in the cylinder is heated to form a heat and time curve T-T;
s4: when the circuit breaker opening arc is just extinguished, the short circuit arc blocking effect is eliminated, and the insulating medium in the cylinder space diffuses towards the specified direction along with the opening of the overflow hole to form a curve F-t formed by the flow speed and the time;
s5: the static side arc contact and the moving side arc contact in the circuit breaker are burnt by the short-circuit arc and tend to generate metal particles, the approximate quantity of the metal particles is calculated by the generation time of the short-circuit arc and is diffused under the influence of the flow of the insulating medium to form a diffusion and time curve S-t;
s6: the breaker forms a dispersed electric field E, the dielectric constant epsilon which is an important parameter for determining the electric field intensity endured by the insulating medium changes along with time due to the fact that the insulating medium is compressed, heated and polluted by metal particles, and a P-T curve, a T-T curve, an F-T curve and an S-T curve are formed under the condition that T is taken as a dimension and are corrected according to occurrence time to obtain an electric field intensity endured by the insulating medium-time curve E' -T because the time T is taken as a uniform dimension;
s7: and comparing the determination curves E-t and E' -t of the dynamic electric field intensity of the circuit breaker, wherein the fact that the electric field in the circuit breaker can tolerate the recovery voltage indicates that the electric field passes through the circuit breaker, and the fact that the electric field in the circuit breaker cannot tolerate the recovery voltage indicates that the electric field fails, so that whether the circuit breaker has the breaking capacity or not is determined.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in S1, the circuit breaker includes first shell and second shell, operating mechanism is located first shell and second shell right side, first shell with the second shell links to each other, the second shell with operating mechanism links to each other, first shell top is equipped with first apron, first shell with be equipped with the second apron between the second shell, the second shell with be equipped with the third apron between the operating mechanism.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the first shell is internally provided with a static side conductor and a movable side conductor, the static side conductor is installed on the first cover plate, the tail end of the movable side conductor is installed on the second cover plate, and the tail end of the conductive cylinder body is slidably installed at the front end of the movable side conductor.
4. The method for verifying whether the circuit breaker has opening and closing capability according to claim 3, wherein: the static side electric arc contact is rigidly installed on the static side conductor, the moving side electric arc contact is installed at the front end of the conductive cylinder body, and the large nozzle and the small nozzle are arranged at the front end of the conductive cylinder body.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: an insulating pull rod is arranged in the second shell, the insulating pull rod is rigidly connected with the operating mechanism through a first connector, a metal pull rod is arranged on the other side of the insulating pull rod, the metal pull rod is located in the first shell, the metal pull rod is rigidly connected with the insulating pull rod through a second connector, the metal pull rod is rigidly connected with the conductive cylinder body, and the operating mechanism drives the conductive cylinder body to move when acting.
6. The method for verifying whether the circuit breaker has opening and closing capability according to claim 1, wherein: in the S2 step, the one-way valve plate is located on the conductive cylinder body, and the one-way valve plate is communicated with the space inside the cylinder and the space outside the cylinder in a one-way mode.
7. The method for verifying whether the circuit breaker has opening and closing capability according to claim 6, wherein: the in-cylinder space refers to a constant-capacity space in the conductive cylinder body, and the out-cylinder space refers to a variable-capacity space formed between the conductive cylinder body and the movable side conductor.
8. The method for verifying whether the circuit breaker has opening and closing capability according to claim 1, wherein: in S6, the electric field E includes an electric field between the stationary side and the ground potential, an electric field between the moving side and the ground potential, and an electric field between the stationary side and the moving side.
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| CN202110955996.1A CN113671365B (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Method for verifying whether circuit breaker has on-off and on-off capabilities |
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| CN202110955996.1A CN113671365B (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Method for verifying whether circuit breaker has on-off and on-off capabilities |
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| CN113671365B true CN113671365B (en) | 2022-09-30 |
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| CN107797034A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-13 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | The detection means and method of dielectric recovery property after a kind of high-voltage sf6 circuit breaker arc |
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| CN102033198A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-04-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Density relay comprehensive checking instrument of sulfur hexafluoride breaker |
| CN110376514A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-25 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | A kind of DC high-speed switch synthetic performance evaluation method |
| WO2021003774A1 (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-14 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Method for evaluating comprehensive performance of direct current high-speed switch |
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