CN113670720B - Method for predicting fatigue life of brazing welding joint based on finite volume strain energy - Google Patents
Method for predicting fatigue life of brazing welding joint based on finite volume strain energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113670720B CN113670720B CN202110924047.7A CN202110924047A CN113670720B CN 113670720 B CN113670720 B CN 113670720B CN 202110924047 A CN202110924047 A CN 202110924047A CN 113670720 B CN113670720 B CN 113670720B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting the fatigue life of a brazing welding joint based on finite volume strain energy, which comprises the following steps of: measuring the critical pure tensile and shearing cohesion energy values of the brazed joint; residual stress sigma of welding seam of soldering joint r Measuring; evaluating the fracture toughness of the welding joint; measuring crack propagation rate da/dt of the brazing welding joint; the method realizes the prediction of the fatigue life of the brazed joint by using a finite volume strain energy method, establishes a relation between the control volume strain energy density of the front end of the crack and the fatigue crack propagation rate of the brazed joint through a plurality of series of tests, overcomes the defects of single use condition and low precision of the traditional prediction method, realizes the evaluation of the crack propagation rate of the brazed joint in a complex loading mode, and further realizes the scientific prediction of the fatigue life of the brazed joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fatigue life assessment of special equipment, in particular to a method for predicting the fatigue life of a brazing welding joint based on finite volume strain energy.
Background
Although the conventional fatigue crack propagation rate prediction method based on stress intensity, namely the method based on the Paris equation and the correction equation thereof can effectively predict the crack propagation rate to a certain extent, the following problems still exist: 1. the physical significance is still unclear, 2, a unified prediction method for mixed crack behaviors is lacked, correction needs to be carried out according to different conditions, and 3, the effectiveness of the brazing joint is not verified. Based on Griffith fracture theory, the crack propagation process is essentially an energy release process, and meanwhile, an energy method is widely applied to the fields of ductile fracture, creep life prediction and the like. For crack propagation, the energy release rate of the crack tip can be described by adopting a J integral method, but the calculation of the J integral is based on a monotonous loading assumption, and the monotonous loading assumption cannot be satisfied for the propagation of the fatigue crack under the alternating load action, particularly under the tension and compression load action. Therefore, the fatigue crack propagation rate of the brazed joint cannot be effectively predicted by using the energy method based on the J integral.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for predicting the fatigue life of a brazed joint based on limited volumetric strain energy, aiming at the hybrid crack propagation characteristic of the brazed joint by controlling the volumetric strain energy density based on the crack front end.
To achieve the above object, the inventors provide a fatigue life prediction method for a brazed joint based on finite volumetric strain energy, comprising the steps of: m1: measuring the critical pure tensile and shearing cohesion energy values of the brazed joint; m2: residual stress sigma of weld joint of braze welding joint r Measuring; m3: evaluating the fracture toughness of the welding joint; m4: measuring crack propagation rate da/dt of the brazing welding joint; m5: and (3) realizing the prediction of the fatigue life of the brazed joint by using a finite volume strain energy method.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, M1: the method for measuring the critical pure tensile and shearing cohesive force energy value of the brazing welding joint further comprises the following steps: m101: preparing a T-shaped brazing sample, wherein the T-shaped brazing sample is formed by brazing an L-shaped base metal and brazing filler metal, after the preparation is finished, applying a load perpendicular to a brazing welding line, repeating the experiment to obtain a plurality of groups of load-displacement curves, and obtaining a stable load average value P 1 (ii) a M102: preparing an I-shaped welded joint sample, wherein the I-shaped sample is formed by brazing a trapezoidal base metal and brazing filler metal, applying a load parallel to a brazing welding line after the preparation is finished, repeating the experiment to obtain a plurality of groups of load-displacement curves, and obtaining a stable load average value P 2 。
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the L-shaped base material is 1mm to 1.5mm, and the thickness of the trapezoidal base material is 10mm to 12 mm.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the steps of: m103: the average value P of the load of the T-shaped sample 1 Substitution formula
Obtaining pure tensile cohesive energy G IC (ii) a M104: the average value P of the load of the type I sample 2 Substituting into formula G IIc ＝2P 2 B obtaining pure shear cohesion energy G IIC (ii) a Where b is the sample width, h is the sample thickness, σ y The yield stress of the base material, and E the elastic modulus of the base material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, M2: residual stress sigma of weld joint of braze welding joint r The measurement comprises the following steps: m201: preparing a rectangular brazing sample for measuring residual stress, wherein brazing filler metal is positioned in the middle of the sample; m202: testing the residual stress sigma perpendicular to the weld and parallel to the weld at the brazing weld by XRD r1 、σ r2 And measuring a plurality of groups of residual stress values respectively, and taking the average value of the residual stress values.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular brazing sample has a thickness of less than 10 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, M3: the evaluation of the fracture toughness of the weld joint comprises the following steps: m301: subjecting the pure cohesive energy G in step M103 IC Value and pure shear cohesion energy G in step M104 IIC Value is respectively substituted into formula
And
calculating to obtain the critical fracture toughness of I-type and II-type cracks of the brazing welding joint; m302: will σ in step M202 r1 、σ r2 Numerical values are respectively substituted into
And
calculating the crack strength factor amplitude, wherein delta sigma 1 And Δ σ 2 Respectively positive and tangential stress magnitudes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, M4: the crack propagation rate da/dt measurement of a brazed joint comprises the following steps: m401: preparing the brazing sample in the step M201; m402: preparing a standard CT sample by adopting a linear cutting mode, and ensuring that the triangular tip for crack propagation is positioned at the brazing filler metal; m403: the fatigue crack growth rate da/dt was obtained by loading a standard CT specimen with a fatigue load.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, M5: the method for realizing the prediction of the fatigue life of the brazed joint by using the finite volume strain energy method comprises the following steps: substituting the data obtained in the steps M301, M302 and M403 into the formula:
calculating to obtain finite volume strain energy of the front end of the crack, combining the crack propagation rate da/dt, fitting to obtain a fatigue life formula
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the sample brazing is completed, the brazing filler metal has a thickness of less than 60 μm.
Different from the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: according to the technical scheme, through a plurality of series of tests, the relation between the controlled volume strain energy density of the front end of the crack and the fatigue crack propagation rate of the brazing welding joint is established, the defects that the traditional prediction method is single in use condition and low in precision are overcome, the crack propagation rate of the brazing welding joint in a complex loading mode is evaluated, and therefore the scientific prediction of the fatigue life of the brazing welding joint is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a T-shaped sample according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a type I sample according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular test sample for residual stress testing according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a compact sample configuration for CT according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph of tensile strength of a T-shaped specimen according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph of tensile strength of a type I specimen according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the relationship between crack propagation rate and crack front control volume strain energy density according to an embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
101. a T-shaped pattern; 102. an L-shaped base material; 103. brazing filler metal; 104. a type I sample;
105. a trapezoidal base material; 106. rectangular brazing samples; 107. standard CT samples.
Detailed Description
To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7 together, as shown in the drawings, the present embodiment provides a method for predicting the fatigue life of a brazed joint based on finite volume strain energy, the object to be predicted is an S30408 brazed joint, a base material is S30408 austenitic stainless steel, a brazing filler metal is a nickel-based brazing filler metal, the thickness of the brazing filler metal after brazing is 50 μm, and the testing steps include: critical pure tensile, shear cohesive energy (G) of brazed joints IC And G IIC ) Value determination, residual stress σ of weld of brazed joint r Measuring, evaluating the fracture toughness of the welding joint, measuring the crack propagation rate da/dt of the brazing welding joint and realizing the fatigue life prediction of the brazing joint by using a finite volume strain energy method.
First, a T-shaped brazing sample and an I-shaped welding joint sample are prepared, respectively, as shown in fig. 1,the T-shaped pattern 101 is formed by brazing L-shaped parent stock 102 and brazing filler metal 103, wherein the thickness of the L-shaped parent stock is 1mm, a load perpendicular to a brazing weld is applied after the preparation is finished, the loading rate is 0.005mm/s, 3 groups of experiments are repeated to obtain 3 groups of load-displacement curves, and as shown in figure 5, a stable load P is obtained 1 Has an average value of 540N. As shown in FIG. 2, an I-type sample 104 is formed by brazing a ladder-shaped base material 105 and a brazing filler metal 103, wherein the thickness of the ladder-shaped base material is 10mm, after the preparation is finished, a load parallel to a brazing welding line is applied, the loading rate is 0.005mm/s, 3 groups of experiments are repeated to obtain 3 groups of load-displacement curves, and as shown in FIG. 6, a stable load P is obtained 2 Has an average value of 610N.
The average value P of the load of the T-shaped test piece 101 is then determined 1 Substitution formula
Obtaining pure tensile cohesive energy G IC (ii) a The average value P of the load of the type I specimen 104 was measured 2 Substituting into formula G IIc ＝2P 2 B obtaining pure shear cohesion energy G IIC (ii) a In the formula, b is the width of the sample, h is the thickness of the sample, and σ y Yield stress of S30408, E is elastic modulus of S30408.
Preparing a rectangular brazing sample 106 for residual stress test, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein brazing filler metal is positioned in the middle of the sample, the thickness of the sample is 8mm, and the residual stress sigma perpendicular to the weld joint and parallel to the weld joint at the brazing weld joint is tested by XRD r1 、σ r2 And measuring 5 points in total, uniformly distributing the measuring points, and averaging the residual stress values to obtain an average value, wherein the result shows that the residual stress is tensile stress, and the values are 67MPa and 83MPa respectively.
Respectively substituting the above values into formulas
And
calculating to obtain the critical fracture toughness K of the I-type and II-type cracks of the brazing welding joint Icth And K IIcth A value of (d); then substituted again
And
calculating the crack strength factor amplitude during crack propagation, wherein delta sigma 1 And Δ σ 2 Respectively positive and tangential stress amplitudes under the action of fatigue load.
A brazing sample is prepared, then a standard CT sample 107 is prepared by adopting a linear cutting mode, as shown in figure 4, the triangular tip for crack propagation is ensured to be positioned at the brazing filler metal, and then the fatigue crack propagation rate da/dt is obtained by loading a fatigue load on the standard CT sample.
Finally, the obtained data is substituted into a formula
Calculating to obtain the finite volume strain energy of the front end of the crack, wherein e 1 And e 2 E for a crack as a function of the crack opening angle 2 alpha and Poisson's ratio mu, respectively 1 And e 2 Are respectively 0.133 and lambda 1 The crack shape parameter is 0.5. Obtaining a fatigue life formula by combining crack propagation rate da/dt fitting
As shown in fig. 7, thereby achieving prediction of the fatigue life of the brazed joint.
It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fatigue life prediction method for a brazing welding joint based on finite volume strain energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
m1: measuring the critical pure tensile and shearing cohesion energy values of the brazed joint;
m2: residual stress sigma of weld joint of braze welding joint r Measuring;
m3: evaluating the fracture toughness of the welding joint;
m4: measuring crack propagation rate da/dt of the brazing welding joint;
m5: the fatigue life of the brazed joint is predicted by applying a finite volume strain energy method;
further comprising the steps of:
m103: the average value P of the load of the T-shaped sample 1 Substitution formula
Obtaining pure tensile cohesive energy G IC ；
M104: the average value P of the load of the type I sample 2 Substituting into formula G IIc ＝2P 2 B obtaining pure shear cohesion energy G IIC ；
Wherein b is the sample width, h is the sample thickness, σ y The yield stress of the parent metal, and E is the elastic modulus of the parent metal;
m3: the evaluation of the fracture toughness of the weld joint comprises the following steps:
m301: subjecting the pure tensile cohesive energy G in step M103 IC Value and pure shear cohesion energy G in step M104 IIC Values are respectively substituted into formulas
And
calculating to obtain the critical fracture toughness of I-type and II-type cracks of the brazing welding joint;
m302: will σ in step M202 r1 、σ r2 Numerical values are respectively substituted into
And
calculating the crack strength factor amplitude, wherein delta sigma 1 And Δ σ 2 Respectively positive and tangential stress amplitude, σ r1 、σ r2 Testing the residual stress of the brazing welding seam in the direction vertical to the welding seam and in the direction parallel to the welding seam by XRD;
m5: the method for realizing the prediction of the fatigue life of the brazed joint by using the finite volume strain energy method comprises the following steps:
substituting the data obtained in the steps M301, M302 and M4 into the formula:
wherein e is 1 And e 2 E for a crack as a function of the crack opening angle 2 alpha and Poisson's ratio mu, respectively 1 And e 2 Are respectively 0.133 and lambda 1 The crack shape parameter is 0.5;
calculating to obtain finite volume strain energy of the front end of the crack, and fitting to obtain a fatigue life formula by combining the crack propagation rate da/dt
2. The limited volumetric strain energy based fatigue life prediction method for a brazed joint as in claim 1, wherein M1: the method for measuring the critical pure tensile and shearing cohesive force energy value of the brazing welding joint further comprises the following steps:
m101: preparing a T-shaped brazing sample, wherein the T-shaped sample is formed by brazing an L-shaped base metal and brazing filler metal, after the preparation is finished, applying a load perpendicular to a brazing welding seam, repeating the experiment to obtain a plurality of groups of load-displacement curves, and obtaining a stable load average value P 1 ；
M102: preparing a type I welded joint sample, wherein the type I sample is formed by brazing a trapezoidal base metal and brazing filler metalAfter the preparation is finished, a plurality of groups of load-displacement curves are obtained by applying a load parallel to the brazing welding seam and repeating the experiment, and a stable load average value P is obtained 2 。
3. The finite volume strain energy based brazing weld joint fatigue life prediction method according to claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the L-shaped parent metal is between 1mm and 1.5mm, and the thickness of the ladder-shaped parent metal is between 10mm and 12 mm.
4. The limited volumetric strain energy based fatigue life prediction method for a brazed joint as in claim 2, wherein M2: residual stress sigma of welding seam of soldering joint r The measurement comprises the following steps:
m201: preparing a rectangular brazing sample for measuring residual stress, wherein brazing filler metal is positioned in the middle of the sample;
m202: testing the residual stress sigma perpendicular to the weld and parallel to the weld at the brazing weld by XRD r1 、σ r2 And measuring a plurality of groups of residual stress values respectively, and taking the average value of the residual stress values.
5. The limited volumetric strain energy based fatigue life prediction method for a brazed joint according to claim 4, wherein the rectangular brazing specimen has a thickness of less than 10 mm.
6. The limited volumetric strain energy based fatigue life prediction method for a brazed joint as in claim 5, wherein M4: the crack propagation rate da/dt measurement of a brazed joint comprises the following steps:
m401: preparing the brazing sample in the step M201;
m402: preparing a standard CT sample by adopting a linear cutting mode, and ensuring that a triangular tip used for crack propagation is positioned at a brazing filler metal;
m403: the fatigue crack growth rate da/dt was obtained by loading a standard CT specimen with a fatigue load.
7. The finite volume strain energy based brazing weld joint fatigue life prediction method according to claim 6, wherein: and after the brazing sample is finished, the thickness of the brazing filler metal is less than 60 mu m.
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