CN113670353A - 一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪 - Google Patents

一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪 Download PDF

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CN113670353A
CN113670353A CN202110941451.5A CN202110941451A CN113670353A CN 113670353 A CN113670353 A CN 113670353A CN 202110941451 A CN202110941451 A CN 202110941451A CN 113670353 A CN113670353 A CN 113670353A
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胡君辉
陈贵光
萧华鹏
李德明
黎远鹏
陆杭林
唐剑
潘福东
王力虎
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Guangxi Normal University
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    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪,其特征在于,包括窄线宽激光器、第一光纤耦合器、光脉冲调制单元、掺铒光纤放大器、带通滤波器、第二光纤耦合器、三个光纤环形器、第一光纤模式复用器、少模传感光纤、第二光纤模式复用器、第三光纤耦合器、光纤扰偏器、微波扫频单元、三个光电探测器和数字信号处理单元。这种光时域反射仪能实现多个参量的同时测量、能解决分布式光纤传感技术在工程应用中普遍存在的温度和应变交叉敏感的问题。

Description

一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪
技术领域:
本发明涉及光纤传感技术领域,具体是一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪。
背景技术
光纤布里渊光时域分析仪BOTDA(Brillouin Optical Time Domain analyzer,简称BOTDA)利用光纤中相向传输的两束光发生受激布里渊散射效应的布里渊频移量与温度和应变之间的线性关系,可以实现对传感光纤沿线的温度或应变进行分布式的测量。相比于布里渊光时域分析仪(BOTDR),BOTDA具有更长的传感距离和更高的空间分辨率,能对温度或应变实现分布式传感的优点,在大型土木工程和大型基础设施的结构健康监测中有着广泛的应用前景,但是由于布里渊频移量对温度和应变都敏感,所有在实际工程应用中存在温度和应变交叉敏感问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,而提供一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪。这种光时域反射仪能实现多个参量的同时测量、能解决分布式光纤传感技术在工程应用中普遍存在的温度和应变交叉敏感的问题。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是:
一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪,其特征在于,包括互连的宽激光器和第一光纤耦合器,其中,
第一光纤耦合器的一个输出端连接顺序连接的光脉冲调制单元、掺铒光纤放大器、带通滤波器、第二光纤耦合器,第二光纤耦合器的三个输出端分别连接第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器,第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器的一个输出端分别与第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼连接,第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼与少模传感光纤连接,第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器的另一个输出端分别与第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器连接,第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器均接入数字信号处理单元;
第一光纤耦合器的另一个输出端连接顺序连接的微波扫频单元、光纤扰偏器、第三光纤耦合器、第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼,第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼与少模传感光纤连接;
窄线宽激光器输出的激光经第一光纤耦合器分成第一路光和第二路光,第一路光经过微波扫频单元进行扫频调制后,再经光纤扰偏器进行扰偏处理,以便减小光偏振态对测量结果的影响,扰偏后的第一路光称为连续探测光,连续探测光经过第三光纤耦合器分成三路连接到第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼的三个输入端并由第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼输出端与传感少模光纤相连;第二路光输入光脉冲调制单元调制成脉冲泵浦光,脉冲泵浦光经掺铒光纤放大器放大后再由相匹配的带通滤波器滤除ASE噪声,接着由第二光纤耦合器分成三路进入到第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器,脉冲泵浦光从第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器出射后经第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼进入到少模传感光纤,脉冲泵浦光与连续探测光在少模传感光纤中发生受激布里渊散射作用,发生受激布里渊散射作用后的连续探测光由第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼输出三种模式的连续探测光,受激布里渊散射效应随外部环境参数变化,三种模式的连续探测光再经过光纤环形器输出,由第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器分别探测,第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器输出的三路电信号由数字信号处理单元进行信号采集、处理,,利用三种模式的受激布里渊相互作用对外界环境参数的不同响应特性,实现外界多参量的同时测量,有效解决传统光纤布里渊光时域分析仪存在的温度和应变交叉敏感问题。
所述少模传感光纤、第一光纤模式复用器和第二光纤模式复用器均支持LP01、LP11a和LP11b三种导模的光波。
所述三种模式的后向自发布里渊散射光分别为LP01、LP11a和LP11b模式,并且同时测量的是少模传感光纤中LP01-LP01、LP11a-LP11a和LP11b-LP11b三个模式各自的受激布里渊散射效应,利用这三个模式的受激布里渊散射增益谱对外界环境参数如温度、应变和压力的不同响应,可以用如公式(1)所示矩阵表示:
Figure BDA0003215157150000021
其中,ΔvBLP01,ΔvBLP01和ΔvBLP01分别为自发布里渊散射光LP01、LP11a和LP11b模式的布里渊频移变化量;ΔT,Δε和ΔP分别为传感少模光纤外部温度、应变和横向压力的变化量;CT1,Cε1和Cp1分别是LP01模布里渊频移的温度响应系数,应变响应系数和横向压力系数;CT2,Cε2和Cp2分别是LP11a模布里渊频移的温度响应系数,应变响应系数和横向压力系数,CT3,Cε3和Cp3分别是LP11b模布里渊频移的温度响应系数,应变响应系数和横向压力系数。
本技术方案与现有技术相比,本技术方案同时测量少模传感光纤中LP01-LP01、LP11a-LP11a和LP11b-LP11b三个模式各自的受激布里渊散射效应,并利用这三个模式的受激布里渊散射增益谱对外界环境参数如温度、应变和压力的不同响应,可以实现多个参量的同时测量,有效解决分布式光纤传感技术在工程应用中普遍存在的温度和应变交叉敏感的问题。
这种光时域分析仪能实现多个参量的同时测量、能解决分布式光纤传感技术在工程应用中普遍存在的温度和应变交叉敏感的问题。
附图说明:
图1为实施例的结构示意图。
图中,10.窄线宽激光器 11.第一光纤耦合器 12.光脉冲调制单元 13.掺铒光纤放大器 14.带通滤波器 15.第二光纤耦合器 16-1.第一光纤环形器 16-2.第二光纤环形器 16-3.第三光纤环形器 17.第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼 18.少模传感光纤 19.第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼 20.第三光纤耦合器 21.光纤扰偏器 22.微波扫频单元23-1.第一光电探测器 23-2.第二光电探测器 23-3.第三光电探测器 24.和数字信号处理单元。
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的内容作进一步的阐述,但不是对本发明的限定。
实施例:
参照图1,一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪,包括互连的宽激光器10和第一光纤耦合器11,其中,
第一光纤耦合器11的一个输出端连接顺序连接的光脉冲调制单元12、掺铒光纤放大器13、带通滤波器14、第二光纤耦合器15,第二光纤耦合器15的三个输出端分别连接第一光纤环形器16-1、第二光纤环形器16-2和第三光纤环形器16-3,第一光纤环形器16-1、第二光纤环形器16-2和第三光纤环形器16-3的一个输出端分别与第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼17连接,第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼17与少模传感光纤18连接,第一光纤环形器16-1、第二光纤环形器16-2和第三光纤环形器16-3的另一个输出端分别与第一光电探测器23-1、第二光电探测器23-2和第三光电探测器23-3连接,第一光电探测器23-1、第二光电探测器23-2和第三光电探测器23-3均接入数字信号处理单元24;
第一光纤耦合器11的另一个输出端连接顺序连接的微波扫频单元22、光纤扰偏器21、第三光纤耦合器20、第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼19,第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼19与少模传感光纤18连接;
窄线宽激光器10输出的激光经第一光纤耦合器11分成第一路光和第二路光,第一路光经过微波扫频单元22进行扫频调制后,再经光纤扰偏器21进行扰偏处理,以便减小光偏振态对测量结果的影响,扰偏后的第一路光称为连续探测光,连续探测光经过第三光纤耦合器20分成三路连接到第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼19的三个输入端并由第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼19输出端与传感少模光纤18相连;第二路光输入光脉冲调制单元12调制成脉冲泵浦光,脉冲泵浦光经掺铒光纤放大器13放大后再由相匹配的带通滤波器14滤除ASE噪声,接着由第二光纤耦合器15分成三路进入到第一光纤环形器16-1、第二光纤环形器16-2和第三光纤环形器16-3,脉冲泵浦光从第一光纤环形器16-1、第二光纤环形器16-2和第三光纤环形器16-3出射后经第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼17进入到少模传感光纤18,脉冲泵浦光与连续探测光在少模传感光纤18中发生受激布里渊散射作用,发生受激布里渊散射作用后的连续探测光由第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼17输出三种模式的连续探测光,受激布里渊散射效应随外部环境参数变化,三种模式的连续探测光再经过光纤环形器输出,由第一光电探测器23-1、第二光电探测器23-2和第三光电探测器23-3分别探测,第一光电探测器23-1、第二光电探测器23-2和第三光电探测器23-3输出的三路电信号由数字信号处理单元24进行信号采集、处理,利用三种模式的受激布里渊相互作用对外界环境参数的不同响应特性,实现外界多参量的同时测量,有效解决传统光纤布里渊光时域分析仪存在的温度和应变交叉敏感问题。
本例少模传感光纤18、第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼17和第二光纤模式复用器19均支持LP01、LP11a和LP11b三种导模的光波。
本例三种模式的后向自发布里渊散射光分别为LP01、LP11a和LP11b模式,并且同时测量的是少模传感光纤18中LP01-LP01、LP11a-LP11a和LP11b-LP11b三个模式各自的受激布里渊散射效应,利用这三个模式的受激布里渊散射增益谱对外界环境参数如温度、应变和压力的不同响应,可以用如公式(1)所示矩阵表示:
Figure BDA0003215157150000051
其中,ΔvBLP01,ΔvBLP01和ΔvBLP01分别为自发布里渊散射光LP01、LP11a和LP11b模式的布里渊频移变化量;ΔT,Δε和ΔP分别为传感少模光纤外部温度、应变和横向压力的变化量;CT1,Cε1和Cp1分别是LP01模布里渊频移的温度响应系数,应变响应系数和横向压力系数;CT2,Cε2和Cp2分别是LP11a模布里渊频移的温度响应系数,应变响应系数和横向压力系数,CT3,Cε3和Cp3分别是LP11b模布里渊频移的温度响应系数,应变响应系数和横向压力系数。
实验中分别测出LP01、LP11a和LP11b模式的布里渊频移变化量ΔvBLP01,ΔvBLP01和ΔvBLP01,利用矩阵公式(1)即可实现对传感少模光纤外部的温度、应变和横向压力的同时测量,有效解决分布式光纤传感技术在工程应用中普遍存在的温度和应变交叉敏感的问题。

Claims (3)

1.一种基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪,其特征在于,包括互连的宽激光器和第一光纤耦合器,其中,
第一光纤耦合器的一个输出端连接顺序连接的光脉冲调制单元、掺铒光纤放大器、带通滤波器、第二光纤耦合器,第二光纤耦合器的三个输出端分别连接第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器,第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器的一个输出端分别与第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼连接,第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼与少模传感光纤连接,第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器的另一个输出端分别与第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器连接,第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器均接入数字信号处理单元;
第一光纤耦合器的另一个输出端连接顺序连接的微波扫频单元、光纤扰偏器、第三光纤耦合器、第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼,第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼与少模传感光纤连接;
窄线宽激光器输出的激光经第一光纤耦合器分成第一路光和第二路光,第一路光经过微波扫频单元进行扫频调制后,再经光纤扰偏器进行扰偏处理,扰偏后的第一路光称为连续探测光,连续探测光经过第三光纤耦合器分成三路连接到第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼的三个输入端并由第二光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼输出端与传感少模光纤相连;第二路光输入光脉冲调制单元调制成脉冲泵浦光,脉冲泵浦光经掺铒光纤放大器放大后再由相匹配的带通滤波器滤除ASE噪声,接着由第二光纤耦合器分成三路进入到第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器,脉冲泵浦光从第一光纤环形器、第二光纤环形器和第三光纤环形器出射后经第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼进入到少模传感光纤,脉冲泵浦光与连续探测光在少模传感光纤中发生受激布里渊散射作用,发生受激布里渊散射作用后的连续探测光由第一光纤模式复用器即光子灯笼输出三种模式的连续探测光,受激布里渊散射效应随外部环境参数变化,三种模式的连续探测光再经过光纤环形器输出,由第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器分别探测,第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器和第三光电探测器输出的三路电信号由数字信号处理单元进行信号采集、处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪,其特征在于,所述少模传感光纤、第一光纤模式复用器和第二光纤模式复用器均支持LP01、LP11a和LP11b三种导模的光波。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于少模光纤模式复用的布里渊光时域分析仪,其特征在于,所述三种模式的后向自发布里渊散射光分别为LP01、LP11a和LP11b模式,并且同时测量的是少模传感光纤中LP01-LP01、LP11a-LP11a和LP11b-LP11b三个模式各自的受激布里渊散射效应。
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