CN113670342A - Valve opening degree measuring device, measuring method and opening and closing direction judging method - Google Patents
Valve opening degree measuring device, measuring method and opening and closing direction judging method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
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Abstract
The invention discloses a valve opening degree measuring device, a measuring method and a switching direction judging method.N magnetic pieces are uniformly arranged on a rotating shaft of a valve, and the rotating shaft is uniformly divided into N first areas; the M sensor switches are arranged on the circuit board and distributed on a concentric circle taking the center of the rotating shaft as the circle center; the sensor switch is used for detecting the approaching or the separating of the magnetic piece and outputting a magnetic induction signal, and the magnetic induction signal is input into the processor; the processor is used for processing the magnetic induction signals, judging the opening and closing direction of the valve and measuring the opening of the valve; the invention has the advantages that the angle position of the initial state magnet relative to the center of the rotating shaft is not required, and the technical installation personnel is not required to control the angle position of the rotating shaft of the fire hydrant valve; the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is used, so that the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor occupies smaller space, has higher sensitivity, and has good temperature stability and low power consumption; a smaller initial angle error; higher measurement stepping accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of valve opening, in particular to a valve opening measuring device, a measuring method and a switch direction judging method.
Background
The fire hydrant valve is used for opening and closing water supply of the fire hydrant, the opening degree of the valve is measured and reported, the water opening and closing conditions of the fire hydrant can be remotely monitored, and the conditions of mistaken opening, illegal water taking and the like are timely judged by combining information of a fire hydrant manager, so that the monitoring and maintenance investment is reduced, the water resource is protected, and the loss is reduced.
The current measuring technology of fire hydrant valve opening mainly uses a reed switch as a sensor switch, uses a magnet block as a magnetic part, uses two pairs of sensor switches to sense the magnetic part on a valve rotating shaft to respectively generate opening and closing signals, and calculates the opening of the valve rotating shaft through the times of the generated opening and closing signals. The main problems of the scheme are as follows: the initial position of a rotating shaft of a fire hydrant valve needs to be limited, the initial position of a magnetic part on a rotating shaft sleeve cannot be located in a sector range with a small angle between two groups of sensor switches, technical personnel are required to guarantee the initial position during installation, and otherwise, a large error can be caused in the opening result of the rotating shaft; the starting error is large, 4 magnetic pieces are used on the ferrule, and the maximum starting error can reach more than 50 degrees when the entrance angles of the magnetic pieces and the sensor switch are pressed at 20 degrees; the step precision of the opening degree test of the valve rotating shaft is poor, and the step superposition statistics can be carried out only according to the steps of 90 degrees (4 magnetic parts on the sleeve), 120 degrees (3 magnetic parts on the sleeve) and 180 degrees (2 magnetic parts on the sleeve); the reed switch has a large AT value range, is not suitable for product design with a small error range, the wide AT range of the reed switch easily causes aliasing of induction areas of adjacent magnetic parts, and when the quantity of the distributed magnetic parts needs to be increased so as to improve the detection precision of the valve opening, the consistency is difficult to ensure, and the realization difficulty is improved.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the valve opening measurement in the prior art is inaccurate, and the error range is large; the valve opening degree measuring device, the measuring method and the switch direction judging method can improve the valve opening degree measuring precision, the measuring sensitivity is higher, and the initial error is reduced.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a valve opening measuring device comprises M sensor switches and N magnetic pieces, wherein M > is 3, N > is 1, M, N are positive integers, the N magnetic pieces are uniformly arranged on a rotating shaft of a valve, and the rotating shaft is uniformly divided into N first areas; the M sensor switches are arranged on the circuit board and distributed on a concentric circle taking the center of the rotating shaft as the circle center; the arc angle formed by the M sensor switches is smaller than the circle center angle of the first area, and the included angle theta between any two adjacent sensor switches is the same;
the sensor switch is used for detecting the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic part approaching or departing, converting the magnetic field intensity into a digital voltage signal and inputting the digital voltage signal into the processor, wherein the digital voltage signal is a magnetic induction signal;
the processor is used for processing the magnetic induction signals, and judging the opening and closing direction of the valve and measuring the opening degree of the valve based on the magnetic induction signals.
In a traditional fire hydrant valve opening measuring mode, a magnet block is used as a magnetic part, two pairs of sensor switches are used for sensing the magnetic part on a valve rotating shaft to respectively generate a valve opening signal and a valve closing signal, and the opening of the valve rotating shaft is calculated through the times of the generated opening and closing signals; the invention provides a valve opening measuring device which is not limited by the angle position of an initial state magnetic part relative to the center of a rotating shaft when the opening is measured and improves the accuracy of valve opening measurement.
Preferably, when the sensor switch detects that the magnetic member approaches, an entering angle α of the sensor switch and the magnetic member around the center of the rotating shaft is smaller than a leaving angle β when the sensor switch detects that the magnetic member moves away, α < β, and θ < α + β.
Preferably, when the processor counts two magnetic induction signals generated by the magnetic member approaching to and departing from the sensor switch, the specific expression of θ is as follows: θ is 360 °/(2 × M × N), and the entrance angle α and the exit angle β satisfy α + β is 360 °/(2 × N).
Preferably, when the processor counts only one kind of magnetic induction signal generated by the magnetic member approaching or departing from the sensor switch, the specific expression of θ is: θ is 360 °/(M × N), and the entrance angle α and the exit angle β satisfy α + β < (360/N) °.
Preferably, the sensor switch is a tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
The invention also provides a method for judging the opening and closing direction of the valve, which adopts the device to realize the method for judging the opening and closing direction and comprises the following steps: detecting the sequence of the magnetic induction signals induced by the M sensor switches, and if the magnetic induction signals are induced and output in the anticlockwise direction by the M sensor switches, enabling the valve to rotate anticlockwise; if the M sensor switches output the magnetic induction signals in a clockwise direction, the valve rotates clockwise.
The invention also provides a method for judging the opening and closing direction of the valve, when the alpha is more than theta, the alpha + beta < (360 DEG/N) -theta; or when α < θ, θ < α + β < (360 °/N) - θ, the method of determining the switching direction is implemented using the apparatus of claims 1, 2 and 4 as follows: and detecting the level states output by the M sensor switches, and judging based on the M level states of the M sensor switches at the same time.
The invention also provides a valve opening measuring method, which adopts the result of judging the valve opening and closing direction to carry out measurement, and when a processor counts two magnetic induction signals generated by a magnetic part close to and far from a sensor switch, the specific method for measuring comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the angle between θ and α + β such that θ is 360 °/(2 × M × N) and α + β is 360 °/(2 × N);
s2: closing the valve, initializing the state of the valve, and recording the rotation angle to be 0 by the processor;
s3: the magnetic part is driven to rotate at the same angle by rotating the valve, when the included angle between the sensor switch and the magnetic part relative to the circle center of the rotating shaft is from big to small and is smaller than alpha, one level edge signal is output, when the included angle is from small to big and is larger than beta, the sensor switch outputs the other level edge signal, and the number of the signal edges is recorded as a;
s4: and adding or subtracting a angles of 360 degrees/N (2M N) based on the judged valve opening and closing direction to obtain the valve opening.
The invention also provides a valve opening measuring method, which adopts the result of judging the valve opening and closing direction to carry out measurement, and when a processor only counts a magnetic induction signal generated by a magnetic part close to or far away from a sensor switch, the specific method for measuring comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the angle between θ and α + β such that θ is 360 °/(M × N), α + β < (360/N) °, preferably α + β is 360 °/(2 × N);
s2: closing the valve, initializing the state of the valve, and recording the rotation angle to be 0 by the processor;
s3: the magnetic part is driven to rotate at the same angle by rotating the valve, when the included angle between the sensor switch and the magnetic part relative to the center of the rotating shaft is reduced from large to smaller than alpha, a level edge signal is output, and the number of the signal edges is recorded as b;
s4: and b angles of 360 degrees/N are added, subtracted and accumulated based on the judged valve opening and closing direction, and the valve opening is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the valve opening measuring device, the measuring method and the switch direction judging method provided by the embodiment of the invention, no requirement is made on the angle position of the initial state magnetic part relative to the center of the rotating shaft, and technical installation personnel are not required to control the angle position of the rotating shaft of the fire hydrant valve;
2. according to the valve opening measuring device, the valve opening measuring method and the switch direction judging method, the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is used, so that the occupied space is smaller, the sensitivity is higher, and the valve opening measuring device has good temperature stability and low power consumption.
3. Compared with the traditional method, the valve opening degree measuring device, the valve opening degree measuring method and the switch direction judging method provided by the embodiment of the invention have obviously smaller initial angle errors.
4. Compared with the traditional method, the valve opening degree measuring device, the valve opening degree measuring method and the switch direction judging method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantage that the measuring stepping progress is greatly improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of an opening degree measuring apparatus.
Reference numerals:
1. a circuit board; 2. a sensor switch; 3. a magnetic member; 4. a rotating shaft ferrule; 5. the center of the rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a valve opening measuring device, as shown in fig. 1, which includes M sensor switches and N magnetic members 3, where M > is 3, N > is 1, and N magnetic members 3 are uniformly arranged on a rotating shaft collar 4 of a valve, and the rotating shaft collar 4 is equally divided into N first regions; the M sensor switches are arranged on the circuit board 1 and distributed on a concentric circle with the center of the rotating shaft sleeve ring 4 as the center of a circle; the arc angle formed by the M sensor switches is smaller than the circle center angle of the first area, and the included angle theta between any two adjacent sensor switches is the same; in this embodiment, take M3, N4 as an example, illustrate the specific device in this embodiment, by M (≧ 3) sensor switch 2, the sensor switch 2 that this embodiment adopted is preferably tunnel magnetic resistance TMR, use tunnel magnetic resistance sensor, occupation space is littleer, sensitivity is higher, good temperature stability and low-power consumption characteristic have simultaneously, the MCU treater, N (≧ 1) magnetic member 3 and place the pivot lasso 4 of magnetic member 3 and constitute, need bear sensor switch 2 and MCU's circuit board 1 simultaneously, place the valve end cover of circuit board 1, install at the fire hydrant top, install the pivot lasso 4 adaptation fire hydrant valve pivot of magnetic member 3.
In the present embodiment, 3N magnetic members, 4 magnetic members in this case, are uniformly spaced on the circular collar, and the adjacent angle θ is 360 °/N equal to 90 °, and is located on a concentric circle centered on the central axis of the rotating shaft of the hydrant valve, and rotates with the rotating shaft collar 4 of the hydrant valve, as a magnetic force source.
When the sensor switch detects that the magnetic part is close to the sensor switch, an entering angle alpha of the magnetic part and the sensor switch, which takes the center of the rotating shaft as the center of a circle, is smaller than a departing angle beta when the sensor switch detects that the magnetic part is far away from the sensor switch, namely alpha is less than beta, and theta is less than alpha + beta, according to the basic principle that the induction magnetic force of the working point of the sensor switch 2 is greater than the induction magnetic force of the release point: alpha < beta must be true. The magnetic part 3 rotates along with the valve to approach the sensor switch 2, when the angle is smaller than the entering angle alpha, the sensor switch 2 senses that the magnetic part 3 approaches and outputs a signal edge, wherein the falling edge is taken as an example; after that, the magnetic member 3 continues to rotate, and when the magnetic member 3 gradually moves away from the sensor switch 2 by an angle greater than the departure angle β, the sensor switch 2 senses the departure of the magnetic member 3 and outputs another signal edge, here, a rising edge is taken as an example.
The sensor switch 2 is used for detecting the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic part 3 approaching or departing, converting the magnetic field intensity into a digital voltage signal and inputting the digital voltage signal into the processor, wherein the digital voltage signal is a magnetic induction signal; the processor is used for processing the magnetic induction signals, and judging the opening and closing direction of the valve and measuring the opening degree of the valve based on the magnetic induction signals.
The number of the sensor switches 2M is 3, the number of the sensor switches is ABC clockwise, the adjacent angles are theta, the sensor switches 2 are placed on the circuit board 1, a concentric circle with the central shaft of a fire hydrant valve rotating shaft sleeve ring 4 as the center of a circle, the radius R from the magnetic part 3 to the center of the rotating shaft sleeve ring 4 and the radius R from the sensor switches 2 to the center of the rotating shaft sleeve ring 4 are adjusted, the minimum distance between the magnetic part 3 and the sensor switches 2 can be adjusted, the entering angle alpha and the leaving angle beta are further adjusted, and the situation that the magnetic part 3 cannot be close to or the magnetic part 3 cannot be leave in the rotating process is avoided;
in this embodiment, depending on whether the MCU counts two magnetic induction signals (falling edge and rising edge) output by the sensor switch 2 or only one magnetic induction signal (falling edge or rising edge), two measurements of step accuracy can be achieved:
step precision one: when the MCU processor counts two magnetic induction signals generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching and moving away from the sensor switch 2, the example is that the magnetic member 3 approaching the sensor switch 2 generates a falling edge signal, and the magnetic member moving away from the sensor switch 2 generates a rising edge signal. When the specific expression of the theta is as follows: θ is 360 °/(2 × M × N), and the entrance angle α and the exit angle β satisfy α + β is 360 °/(2 × N); 360/M N is the highest step accuracy, equal to the value of theta, and to achieve the highest accuracy all effective edges together need to equally divide the coverage angle of the same magnet rotation period. To analyze the rotation of the spindle sleeve 4, the 360 ° circumference is first divided equally into N portions (one rotation period of the magnet).
Then, the M sensor switches 2 output one edge (e.g., a falling edge) one by one, and then output another edge (a rising edge) one by one, at this time, when each large share is divided by the M sensor switches 2, it needs to be equally divided into two parts (divided by 2), one part includes one edge of the M sensor switches 2 as the falling edge, and the other part includes another signal edge of the M sensor switches 2 as the rising edge, for example, when the rotating shaft rotates counterclockwise, and an angle of 0 ° is set, the first sensor switch C senses that the magnetic member 2 is close, and outputs the falling edge, then the angle α + β is the starting point of the rising edge generated by the first sensor switch C, and to achieve this division according to geometric analysis, α + β is 360 °/(2 × N). At this time, the included angle between every two effective edges is 360 °/(2 × N × M), which is the highest precision, and when the present embodiment is adopted, the initial error can be reduced to about 360 °/(2 × M × N), and the stepping precision can reach about 360 °/(2 × M × N).
Step precision two: when the MCU processor only counts a magnetic induction signal generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching or moving away from the sensor switch 2, the example of detecting the falling edge signal generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching the sensor switch 2 is taken here. When the specific expression of the theta is as follows: -360 °/(M × N), said entry angle α and said exit angle β satisfying α + β < (360/N) °, preferably α + β ═ 360 °/(2 × N); in order to ensure that the sensor switch 2 can sense that the magnetic part 3 approaches, the magnetic switch is required to sense that the magnetic part 3 leaves, otherwise, the sensor switch 2 is always kept in a state that the magnetic part 3 approaches, and a signal edge is not generated, and the condition is required to be met, according to geometric figure analysis, the requirement that alpha + beta cannot exceed a fan-shaped angle which is divided by N according to 360 degrees of the circumference is that alpha + beta is less than 360 degrees/N; moreover, the closer the α + β is to 360 °/N, the shorter the time that the same sensor switch 2 is located away from the magnetic member 3 and the longer the time that the same sensor switch is located close to the magnetic member 3 in the cycle period in which the magnetic member 3 is close to and then away from, i.e., the higher the magnetic induction signal ground level duty ratio is, the lower the high level duty ratio is; the closer α + β is to 0 °, the longer the period of time when α + β is away from the magnetic member 3, and the shorter the period of time when α + β is close to the magnetic member 3, that is, the lower the magnetic induction signal ground level duty ratio, the higher the high level duty ratio. Taking the mean value of 360 °/(2 × N) into account of the influence of device uniformity fluctuation, the system is most robust, and in this embodiment, the initial error can be reduced to about 360 °/(M × N) and the step precision can reach about 360 °/(M × N).
Because of individual difference, the initial state of different valve rotating shafts 4 is different, the initial position of the corresponding magnetic body 3 relative to the sensor switch 2 is not determined, and the calculated valve opening degree is obtained by using the first effective edge as the 0-degree position and then overlapping the subsequent sensed rotating angle. Therefore, the rotation of the valve is not sensed from the initial state to the first effective edge signal generated by the sensor switch 2, and the angle range which is not sensed is the initial position error. The maximum initial error can be obtained by analysis, namely the maximum rotation angle of the valve between two effective edges, namely the stepping precision: step precision one scheme: maximum initial error 360 °/(2 × M × N), step precision two-way solution maximum initial error 360 °/(M × N).
Therefore, the valve opening measuring device provided by the embodiment is adopted, when the opening is measured, no requirement is required on the angle position of the initial state magnet relative to the center of the rotating shaft, technical installation personnel are not needed to control the angle position of the fire hydrant valve rotating shaft ferrule 4, and the precision of the valve opening measurement is greatly improved.
Example two
The embodiment discloses a method for judging the opening and closing direction of a valve, which is used for realizing the method of the device according to the first embodiment:
detecting the sequence of the magnetic induction signals of the same nature sensed by the M sensor switches 2, such as the sequence of falling edges or the sequence of rising edges, and if the M sensor switches 2 sense and output the magnetic induction signals in the counterclockwise direction, the valve rotates counterclockwise; if the M sensor switches 2 output the magnetic induction signals in a clockwise direction, the valve rotates clockwise, and the sequence of effective edges is detected, taking M as 3 as an example, if the sequence of the detected rising edges or falling edges is CB, BA is counterclockwise (on); AB, BC, CA is clockwise (off); and so on when M is larger.
When the same sensor switch 2 repeatedly generates an effective signal edge due to the fact that the valve switch is subjected to back-and-forth switching action within the angle range smaller than theta, the effective signal edge needs to be identified and processed separately, and at the moment, the two situations that the implementation scheme is a first step precision scheme or a second step precision scheme in the first embodiment are adopted:
when the stepping precision is the first scheme:
when the MCU processor counts two magnetic induction signals generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching and moving away from the sensor switches 2, when the outputs of the M sensor switches 2 are monitored simultaneously, it appears that the same sensor switch 2 outputs one edge (e.g., a falling edge) first and then outputs another edge (a rising edge), and when the other sensor switches 2 do not act, it indicates that the valve has a small action of opening first and then closing or closing first and then opening second in a small range, i.e., an included angle θ of the adjacent sensor switches 2 is 360 °/(2 × M × N), and at this time, when the valve opening is calculated, it is considered that the two edges can cancel each other out, and the opening change is not counted. Approach and move away again, equal to no approach.
And step precision two scheme:
when the MCU processor only counts a magnetic induction signal generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching or leaving the sensor switch 2, when monitoring the outputs of the M sensor switches 2 at the same time, the same sensor switch 2 continuously appears an effective edge, and the other sensor switches 2 do not have an effective edge, indicating that the valve has an action of first opening, then closing, or first closing, then opening, then closing, within a small range, that is, the included angle θ between the adjacent sensor switches 2 is 360 °/(M × N), when calculating the opening of the valve, considering such an edge as a repetitive action, and when the same sensor switch 2 continuously outputs more than 1 effective edge, all counting 1 time.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment discloses a method for judging the opening and closing direction of a valve, and aims to realize a method of a step precision scheme in the first embodiment:
in the second step precision scheme, the MCU processor only counts a magnetic induction signal generated by the magnetic part 3 approaching or moving away from the sensor switch 2, taking the falling edge signal generated by the magnetic part 3 approaching the sensor switch 2 as an example; the method comprises the steps of detecting level states output by M sensor switches 2, and judging based on M electrical frequency states of the M sensor switches 2 at the same time, wherein when a valid edge output by one sensor switch 2 is detected, the level states output by other sensor switches 2 are detected, taking M as 3 as an example, each state of clockwise and anticlockwise rotation of a fire hydrant valve rotating shaft sleeve ring 4 is analyzed, a state list of 3 magnetic control switch output levels when all valid edges are generated is obtained, and according to the state list, when any one of three magnetic control switches is overturned under a certain limiting condition, level values output by the other two magnetic control switches are determined and opposite when the other two magnetic control switches are clockwise and anticlockwise. Therefore, when any effective edge is detected, the MCU can detect the level states output by the other two magnetic control switches, and the direction can be determined.
The method requires the limitation condition that when the magnetic member 3 is required to approach/depart from one sensor switch 2 to trigger the output effective edge, the state of the last sensor switch 2 in the direction is approaching/departing, and the state of the next sensor switch 2 is not approaching/departing, so that when a certain sensor switch 2 triggers the effective edge, the state levels of the left and right sensor switches 2 are opposite according to whether the sensor switch is triggered anticlockwise or clockwise. As shown in fig. 1, the valve shaft collar 4 rotates counterclockwise for example, when C triggers the falling edge, B is high (not yet approaching), a is low (already approaching), when C triggers the falling edge clockwise, B is low (already approaching), and a is high (not yet approaching). According to the geometric analysis, in 3 scenes of listing the trigger sensor switch 2 to be the leftmost (as shown in a diagram A), the rightmost (as shown in a diagram C) and the middle (as shown in a diagram B), the next switch is not yet close/far away, the previous switch is already close/far away, and the needed mathematical conditions are the intersection, namely: when α > θ, α + β < (360 °/N) - θ, and when α < θ, θ < α + β < (360 °/N) - θ, this constraint must be satisfied before the method can be used.
When M is 3, the relationship between the rotation direction of the rotating shaft and the output level of the sensor switch is shown in the following table, wherein 1 represents a high level, and 0 represents a low level:
example four
The present embodiment discloses a valve opening measuring method, which is implemented on the basis of the device in the first embodiment and under the switch direction judgment result in the second embodiment, when the MCU processor counts two magnetic induction signals generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching to and moving away from the sensor switch 2, where the magnetic member 3 approaching to the sensor switch 2 generates a falling edge signal and the moving away from the sensor switch 2 generates a rising edge signal, as an example, according to fig. 1, M is 3, and N is 4.
The specific method steps of the measurement comprise:
s1: adjusting the angle of θ so that θ is 360 °/(2 × M × N); adjusting R and R lengths such that α + β is 360 °/(2 × N); in the device shown in fig. 1, θ is 15 °, α + β is 360 °/(2 × N) is 45 °;
s2: after the fire hydrant is installed and the valve is closed, the fire hydrant is set to be in an initial state, and the processor records that the rotation angle returns to 0;
s3: the magnetic part is driven to rotate at the same angle by rotating the valve, when the included angle between the sensor switch and the magnetic part relative to the circle center of the rotating shaft is from big to small and is smaller than alpha, the sensor switch outputs a falling edge, and when the included angle is from small to big and is larger than beta, the sensor switch outputs a rising edge, and the number of the effective edges is recorded as a;
s4: each effective edge represents the valve rotation of 360 degrees/(2 x M N) 15 degrees, and the valve opening degree can be obtained by adding or subtracting the detected signal edges by 15 degrees according to the judged valve opening and closing direction.
EXAMPLE five
The present embodiment discloses a valve opening measuring method, which is implemented on the basis of the device in the first embodiment and on the basis of the switch direction determining result in the second or third embodiment, when the MCU processor only counts a magnetic induction signal generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching or departing from the sensor switch 2, here, taking the case of only counting the falling edge signal generated by the magnetic member 3 approaching the sensor switch 2 as an example, according to fig. 1, where M is 3 and N is 4.
The specific method steps of the measurement comprise:
s1: adjusting the angle θ so that θ is 360 °/(M × N), as shown in fig. 1, and θ is 360 °/(M × N) is 30 °; adjusting the length of R and R such that α + β is 360 °/(2 × N), α + β is 360 °/(2 × N) is 45 °;
s2: after the fire hydrant is installed and the valve is closed, the fire hydrant is set to be in an initial state, and the processor records that the rotation angle returns to 0;
s3: the magnetic part is driven to rotate at the same angle by rotating the valve, and when the included angle between the sensor switch and the magnetic part about the center of the rotating shaft is reduced from large to smaller than alpha, the falling edges are output, and the number of the falling edges is recorded as b;
s4: each falling edge represents the valve rotation of 360 degrees/(M × N) ═ 30 degrees, and the valve opening can be obtained by adding or subtracting the detected times of all falling edges by 30 degrees according to the judged valve opening and closing direction.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The device for measuring the opening degree of the valve is characterized by comprising M sensor switches and N magnetic pieces, wherein M > is 3, N > is 1, M, N are positive integers, the N magnetic pieces are uniformly arranged on a rotating shaft of the valve, and the rotating shaft is uniformly divided into N first areas; the M sensor switches are arranged on the circuit board and distributed on a concentric circle taking the center of the rotating shaft as the circle center; the arc angle formed by the M sensor switches is smaller than the circle center angle of the first area, and the included angle theta between any two adjacent sensor switches is the same;
the sensor switch is used for detecting the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic part approaching or departing, converting the magnetic field intensity into a digital voltage signal and inputting the digital voltage signal into the processor, wherein the digital voltage signal is a magnetic induction signal;
the processor is used for processing the magnetic induction signals, and judging the opening and closing direction of the valve and measuring the opening degree of the valve based on the magnetic induction signals.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the sensor switch detects that the magnetic member is approaching, and an entering angle α of the sensor switch around the center of the rotating shaft is smaller than a leaving angle β of the sensor switch when the sensor switch detects that the magnetic member is departing, α < β, and θ < α + β.
3. The valve opening measuring device according to claim 2, wherein when the processor counts two kinds of magnetic induction signals generated by the magnetic member approaching and departing the sensor switch, the specific expression of θ is: θ is 360 °/(2 × M × N), and the entrance angle α and the exit angle β satisfy α + β is 360 °/(2 × N).
4. A valve opening degree measuring device according to claim 2, wherein when the processor counts only one of the magnetic induction signals generated by the magnetic member approaching or departing from the sensor switch, the specific expression of θ is: θ is 360 °/(M × N), and the entrance angle α and the exit angle β satisfy α + β < (360/N) °.
5. The valve opening degree measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sensor switch is a tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
6. A method for judging the opening and closing direction of a valve, which is realized by the device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps: detecting the sequence of the magnetic induction signals induced by the M sensor switches, and if the magnetic induction signals are induced and output in the anticlockwise direction by the M sensor switches, enabling the valve to rotate anticlockwise; if the M sensor switches output the magnetic induction signals in a clockwise direction, the valve rotates clockwise.
7. A valve opening/closing direction judging method is characterized in that when alpha is larger than theta, alpha + beta < (360 DEG/N) -theta; or when α < θ, θ < α + β < (360 °/N) - θ, the method of determining the switching direction is implemented using the apparatus of claims 1, 2 and 4 as follows: and detecting the level states output by the M sensor switches, and judging based on the M level states of the M sensor switches at the same time.
8. A method for measuring the opening degree of a valve, wherein the result of determining the opening and closing direction of the valve according to claim 6 is used for measurement, and when a processor counts two magnetic induction signals generated by a magnetic member approaching and moving away from a sensor switch, the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: adjusting the angle between θ and α + β such that θ is 360 °/(2 × M × N) and α + β is 360 °/(2 × N);
s2: closing the valve, initializing the state of the valve, and recording the rotation angle to be 0 by the processor;
s3: the magnetic part is driven to rotate at the same angle by rotating the valve, when the included angle between the sensor switch and the magnetic part relative to the circle center of the rotating shaft is from big to small and is smaller than alpha, one level edge signal is output, when the included angle is from small to big and is larger than beta, the sensor switch outputs the other level edge signal, and the number of the signal edges is recorded as a;
s4: and adding or subtracting a angles of 360 degrees/N (2M N) based on the judged valve opening and closing direction to obtain the valve opening.
9. A method for measuring the opening degree of a valve, wherein the result of determining the opening and closing direction of the valve according to claim 6 or 7 is used for measurement, and when the processor counts only a magnetic induction signal generated by the magnetic member approaching or departing from the sensor switch, the specific method steps of measurement include:
s1: adjusting the angle between theta and alpha + beta so that theta is 360 DEG/N, and alpha + beta is less than 360/N DEG;
s2: closing the valve, initializing the state of the valve, and recording the rotation angle to be 0 by the processor;
s3: the magnetic part is driven to rotate at the same angle by rotating the valve, when the included angle between the sensor switch and the magnetic part relative to the center of the rotating shaft is reduced from large to smaller than alpha, a level edge signal is output, and the number of the signal edges is recorded as b;
s4: and b angles of 360 degrees/N are added, subtracted and accumulated based on the judged valve opening and closing direction, and the valve opening is obtained.
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