CN113670255A - Multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and using method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113670255A CN113670255A CN202110838893.7A CN202110838893A CN113670255A CN 113670255 A CN113670255 A CN 113670255A CN 202110838893 A CN202110838893 A CN 202110838893A CN 113670255 A CN113670255 A CN 113670255A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gradient
- alpha
- points
- height difference
- bridge deck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C9/24—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids in closed containers partially filled with liquid so as to leave a gas bubble
Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of bridge engineering. The leveling rod comprises a base, a connecting device and a main rod, wherein the base is provided with a protractor, the base is movably connected with the connecting device, and the connecting device is movably connected with the main rod. The method and the device realize the accurate measurement of the height difference and the gradient between any two points of the bridge deck, reduce the measurement error, and simultaneously determine the area of the bridge deck where the local gradient does not meet the requirement in the height difference measurement and gradient conversion processes, thereby facilitating the subsequent repair work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of bridge engineering.
Background
Currently, in the technical field of bridge engineering construction, the height difference between any two points of a bridge deck or the gradient of any plane needs to be measured, for example, the height difference between control points of the bridge deck and the cross slope of the bridge deck are measured in the construction process. Because the height difference between the control points of the bridge deck is usually within several millimeters in the actual construction process, the error measured by an instrument is usually not negligible when the height difference between the two points is accurately measured.
The slope measurement of the bridge deck usually includes obtaining the distance and height difference between two points first and obtaining the cross slope between the two points by doing quotient. Taking the distance between two points as an example, when the height difference is 20mm, the gradient is 2%; when the instrumental error caused the height difference measurement to be 18mm, the slope was 1.8%, indicating that instrumental error would have a large impact on the final cross-slope size determination. In addition, in actual processing process, the bridge floor is not completely smooth, even the bridge floor cross slope wholly satisfies the design requirement, also difficult avoid causing the not satisfied condition of requirement of local slope in manufacturing, installation, transportation, the local slight cave in or arch of decking promptly, this will produce adverse effect for later stage bridge deck pavement work, influences the bridge floor drainage.
At present, a leveling instrument and a leveling rod are generally adopted for measuring the height difference and the gradient in the construction process, the leveling rod cannot be guaranteed to be completely vertical in the measuring process, and the leveling rod needs to be erected twice in the measuring process, so that the measuring error is multiplied. And the measurement and calculation mode of dividing the height difference by the distance adopted in the slope measurement process is single at present, objective verification is lacked, and meanwhile, the identification work of the area where the local cross slope of the bridge deck does not meet the requirements (namely, the local concave or convex area) cannot be realized.
For the above reasons, it is highly desirable to invent a high-precision and multifunctional tool for measuring height difference and gradient accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring the height difference and the gradient, which realizes the accurate measurement of the height difference and the gradient between any two points of the bridge deck, reduces the measurement error, and simultaneously determines the area of the bridge deck where the local gradient does not meet the requirement in the height difference measurement and gradient conversion process, thereby facilitating the subsequent repair work.
The invention also provides a using method of the multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring the height difference and the gradient.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a multi-functional levelling rod for discrepancy in elevation and slope precision measurement, includes base, connecting device and main scale, wherein, is provided with the protractor on the base, and swing joint has connecting device on the base, and swing joint has the main scale on the connecting device.
Preferably, the base comprises a bottom plate and a connecting plate, the connecting plate is vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the protractor is arranged on the connecting plate, and the top end of the connecting plate is connected with the connecting device through a pin shaft.
Preferably, the pin shaft vertically corresponds to a central point of the protractor, the connecting device is provided with an angle reference line, and the angle reference line swings to match the protractor to read the inclination angles of the main scale and the connecting device.
Preferably, the connecting device top is provided with the arch, and the arch is gone up the winding and is provided with the ball, and connecting device has the main scale through protruding and ball swing joint. When in use, the scale surface of the main scale can face to the observation direction at any time.
Preferably, the main scale is provided with leveling bubbles, the main scale is leveled by observing the leveling bubbles, and the main scale needs to be manually kept balanced after leveling.
The use method of the multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring the height difference and the gradient comprises the following operation steps:
(1) setting the measurement control points on the bridge deck slab as A, B points respectively, and erecting leveling rods at A, B points respectively during measurement to ensure that the ground of the base is attached to the plane of the bridge deck slab;
(2) adjusting the main ruler by observing leveling bubbles to enable the main ruler to be in a vertical state, erecting a level gauge at any point, reading scale values of the same horizontal height on the main ruler at A, B two points through the level gauge, wherein the difference value of the two scale values is the height difference H of A, B two points, and simultaneously measuring to obtain the distance S between A, B two points;
(3) the respective angle deviations α 1 (point a) and α 2 (point B) at two points are read A, B from the protractor and the angle reference line, and the gradient α 3 between the two points A, B is calculated, where α 3 is arctan (H/S).
Preferably, in step (3), if α 1 ═ α 2 ═ α 3, the bridge deck at two points A, B is in a normal state, meeting the design requirements, and no repair adjustment is required;
if alpha 1 is more than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point A is convex, and if alpha 1 is less than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point A is concave;
if alpha 2 is less than alpha 3, the bridge deck slab at the point B is slightly sunken, and if alpha 2 is more than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point B is raised;
determining A, B the state of the bridge deck at two points through the step (3) to provide reference for subsequent repair adjustment.
Further preferably, the use method further comprises the step (4), a plurality of measurement control points are respectively selected from the cross sections at two points A, B, the steps (1) - (3) are repeated, the gradient average value is taken, the size relation among alpha 1, alpha 2 and alpha 3 is compared, and the convex or concave area in the bridge deck is determined;
and (5) rechecking the size relationship between the alpha 3 and the design gradient, wherein the gradient alpha 3 is arctan (H/S), comparing whether the alpha 3 is the same as the design gradient, and verifying that the gradient of the area meets the design requirement if the gradient is the same as the design gradient, and repairing if the gradient is different.
Preferably, when the deck slab has local arch or sunken, the difference in base inclination can lead to the discrepancy in elevation to measure the error, and the error is eliminated through base height and inclination conversion, and the concrete elimination mode is as follows:
when α 1 is greater than α 2, H ═ LB-LA-(LC×cosα2-LC×cosα1)；
When alpha 1 < alpha 2, H ═ LB-LA+(LC×cosα1-LC×cosα2)。
In the above formula, LAIs a main scale observed value of point A, LBIs a main scale observed value of point B, LCThe base height is the intrinsic property of the device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method and the device realize the accurate measurement of the height difference and the gradient between any two points of the bridge deck, reduce the measurement error, and simultaneously determine the area of the bridge deck where the local gradient does not meet the requirement in the height difference measurement and gradient conversion processes, thereby facilitating the subsequent repair work.
2. The invention provides objective verification for the slope calculation process, and the slope is accurately measured by multiple comparison.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the placement of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the present invention in broken away form;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a base structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of the leveling bubble installation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection between the base and the connecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a view illustrating a process of connecting the connecting device of the present invention to the main scale;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the connection device and the base in use of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the measurement principle when the gradient meets the design requirement;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the measurement principle when the local slopes are not uniform;
wherein: 1. a base; 2. a connecting device; 3. a main scale; 4. a pin shaft; 5. a pin shaft hole; 6. a protrusion; 7. a protractor; 8. leveling the bubbles; 9. an angle reference line; 10. and a ball.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 11, the present embodiment provides a multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring a height difference and a slope, which includes a base 1, a connecting device 2, and a main rod 3, wherein the base 1 is provided with a protractor 7, the base 1 is movably connected with the connecting device 2, and the connecting device 2 is movably connected with the main rod 3.
The base 1 comprises a bottom plate and a connecting plate, the connecting plate is vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the protractor 7 is arranged on the connecting plate, the top end of the connecting plate is connected with a connecting device through a pin shaft 4, and corresponding pin shaft holes 5 are formed in the connecting plate and the connecting device.
The position of the pin shaft 4 vertically corresponds to the central point of the protractor 7, an angle reference line 9 is arranged on the connecting device 2, and the inclination angles of the main ruler and the connecting device are read by matching the swinging of the angle reference line with the protractor.
Leveling bubbles 8 are arranged on the main scale 3, leveling of the main scale is achieved by observing the leveling bubbles, and manual balance is needed after leveling.
The use method of the multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring the height difference and the gradient comprises the following operation steps:
(1) setting the measurement control points on the bridge deck slab as A, B points respectively, and erecting leveling rods at A, B points respectively during measurement to ensure that the ground of the base is attached to the plane of the bridge deck slab;
(2) adjusting the main ruler by observing leveling bubbles to enable the main ruler to be in a vertical state, erecting a level gauge at any point, reading scale values of the same horizontal height on the main ruler at A, B two points through the level gauge, wherein the difference value of the two scale values is the height difference H of A, B two points, and simultaneously measuring to obtain the distance S between A, B two points;
(3) the respective angle deviations α 1 (point a) and α 2 (point B) at two points are read A, B from the protractor and the angle reference line, and the gradient α 3 between the two points A, B is calculated, where α 3 is arctan (H/S).
In the step (3), if α 1 is α 2 is α 3, the bridge deck at two points A, B is in a normal state, which meets the design requirements and does not need to be repaired or adjusted;
if alpha 1 is more than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point A is convex, and if alpha 1 is less than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point A is concave;
if alpha 2 is less than alpha 3, the bridge deck slab at the point B is slightly sunken, and if alpha 2 is more than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point B is raised;
determining A, B the state of the bridge deck at two points through the step (3) to provide reference for subsequent repair adjustment.
Example 2:
the using method of the multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring the height difference and the gradient is as described in embodiment 1, and is characterized in that the using method further comprises the step (4), a plurality of measuring control points are respectively selected from cross sections at two points A, B, the steps (1) to (3) are repeated, the gradient average value is taken, the size relation among alpha 1, alpha 2 and alpha 3 is compared, and a convex or concave area in a bridge deck is determined;
and (5) rechecking the size relationship between the alpha 3 and the design gradient, wherein the gradient alpha 3 is arctan (H/S), comparing whether the alpha 3 is the same as the design gradient, and verifying that the gradient of the area meets the design requirement if the gradient is the same as the design gradient, and repairing if the gradient is different.
Example 3:
the use method of the multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring the height difference and the gradient is as described in embodiment 1, and is characterized in that when a bridge deck has local bulges or depressions, errors occur in height difference measurement due to different inclination angles of the base, and the errors are eliminated through conversion of the height and the inclination angle of the base in the following specific elimination mode:
when α 1 is greater than α 2, H ═ LB-LA-(LC×cosα2-LC×cosα1)；
When alpha 1 < alpha 2, H ═LB-LA+(LC×cosα1-LC×cosα2)。
In the above formula, LAIs a main scale observed value of point A, LBIs a main scale observed value of point B, LCThe base height is the intrinsic property of the device.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional levelling rod for discrepancy in elevation and slope precision measurement which characterized in that, includes base, connecting device and main scale, wherein, is provided with the protractor on the base, and swing joint has connecting device on the base, and swing joint has the main scale on the connecting device.
2. The multifunctional leveling rod for the accurate measurement of the height difference and the gradient as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base comprises a bottom plate and a connecting plate, the connecting plate is vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the protractor is arranged on the connecting plate, and the top end of the connecting plate is connected with the connecting device through a pin shaft.
3. The multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring the difference in elevation and the gradient according to claim 2 wherein the position of the pin vertically corresponds to the center point of the protractor and the connecting means is provided with an angle reference line.
4. The multi-functional leveling rod for accurate measurement of height difference and gradient as claimed in claim 3 wherein the connecting means is provided with a protrusion on the top end, a ball is provided around the protrusion, and the connecting means is movably connected with the main rod through the protrusion and the ball.
5. The multifunctional leveling rod for accurate measurement of height difference and gradient as claimed in claim 4 wherein the main rod is provided with leveling bubbles.
6. The use method of the multifunctional leveling rod for the accurate measurement of the height difference and the gradient according to claim 5 is characterized in that the operation steps are as follows:
(1) setting the measurement control points on the bridge deck slab as A, B points respectively, and erecting leveling rods at A, B points respectively during measurement to ensure that the ground of the base is attached to the plane of the bridge deck slab;
(2) adjusting the main scale by observing leveling bubbles to enable the main scale to be in a vertical state, reading scale values of the same horizontal height on the main scale at A, B two points through a level gauge, wherein the difference value of the two scale values is the height difference H of A, B two points, and simultaneously measuring to obtain the distance S between A, B two points;
(3) the respective angle deviations α 1, α 2 at two points are read A, B from the protractor and the angle reference line, and the gradient α 3 between the two points A, B is calculated, α 3 being arctan (H/S).
7. The method of using the multifunctional leveling rod for accurate measurement of height difference and gradient as claimed in claim 6, wherein the operation steps are as follows:
in the step (3), if α 1 is α 2 is α 3, the bridge deck at two points A, B are in normal state and meet the design requirement;
if alpha 1 is more than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point A is convex, and if alpha 1 is less than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point A is concave;
if alpha 2 is less than alpha 3, the bridge deck slab at the point B is slightly sunken, and if alpha 2 is more than alpha 3, the bridge deck at the point B is raised;
a, B, determining the state of the bridge deck at two points, and providing a reference for subsequent repair adjustment.
8. The method of using the multifunctional leveling rod for accurate measurement of height difference and gradient as claimed in claim 7, wherein the operation steps are as follows:
the using method further comprises the step (4), a plurality of measuring control points are respectively selected from the cross sections of the two points A, B, the steps (1) - (3) are repeated, the gradient average value is taken, the size relation among alpha 1, alpha 2 and alpha 3 is compared, and the convex or concave area in the bridge deck is determined;
and (5) rechecking the size relationship between the alpha 3 and the design gradient, wherein the gradient alpha 3 is arctan (H/S), comparing whether the alpha 3 is the same as the design gradient, and verifying that the gradient of the area meets the design requirement if the gradient is the same as the design gradient, and repairing if the gradient is different.
9. The method of using the multifunctional leveling rod for accurate measurement of height difference and gradient as claimed in claim 6, wherein the operation steps are as follows:
when the decking has local arch or when sunken, the difference of base inclination can lead to the discrepancy in elevation to measure the error, and the error is eliminated through base height and inclination conversion, and concrete elimination mode is as follows:
when α 1 is greater than α 2, H ═ LB-LA-(LC×cosα2-LC×cosα1)；
When alpha 1 < alpha 2, H ═ LB-LA+(LC×cosα1-LC×cosα2)；
In the above formula, LAIs a main scale observed value of point A, LBIs a main scale observed value of point B, LCThe base height is the intrinsic property of the device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110838893.7A CN113670255A (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and using method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110838893.7A CN113670255A (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and using method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113670255A true CN113670255A (en) | 2021-11-19 |
Family
ID=78540054
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110838893.7A Pending CN113670255A (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and using method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113670255A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170153101A1 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-01 | Edward Ostachowski | Angle Finder Protractor |
| CN206709761U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-12-05 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Multifunctional guy measuring appliance |
| CN207727631U (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-08-14 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Earthwork construction slope detection device |
| CN210486879U (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-05-08 | 朱玉香 | Surveying and mapping tool |
| CN213748132U (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-07-20 | 中建海峡建设发展有限公司 | Multifunctional measuring scale for building |
-
2021
- 2021-07-23 CN CN202110838893.7A patent/CN113670255A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170153101A1 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-01 | Edward Ostachowski | Angle Finder Protractor |
| CN206709761U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-12-05 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Multifunctional guy measuring appliance |
| CN207727631U (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-08-14 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Earthwork construction slope detection device |
| CN210486879U (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-05-08 | 朱玉香 | Surveying and mapping tool |
| CN213748132U (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-07-20 | 中建海峡建设发展有限公司 | Multifunctional measuring scale for building |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2482032A1 (en) | Universal precise leveling measuring device and measurement method thereof | |
| CN108680103B (en) | Rapid and precise positioning measurement method for cable-stayed bridge ultrahigh bridge tower pier anchoring structure | |
| CN108827230B (en) | Ultra-wide water area precise river crossing leveling device and method | |
| CN109855600B (en) | Slope measuring device and measuring method thereof | |
| CN110424745A (en) | The assembled moulding bed of spacial special-shaped steel pipe truss and its assembly, installation method | |
| CN107268446B (en) | Cable-stayed bridge tower beam synchronous construction measuring device and measuring method thereof | |
| CN108931237B (en) | Construction method for accurately positioning verticality of large furnace body frame column by total station | |
| CN113670198B (en) | Centering device for mounting high-strain sensor and using method | |
| CN108225293B (en) | Automatic laser verticality measuring instrument and verticality measuring method | |
| CN111879289A (en) | Device for bridge support horizontal measurement and application method | |
| CN113670255A (en) | Multifunctional leveling rod for accurately measuring height difference and gradient and using method thereof | |
| CN111486831B (en) | Detection device and method for ballastless track rail bearing table measurement tool | |
| CN110631550B (en) | Method and device for measuring inclination of cofferdam back cover | |
| CN113532478B (en) | Method for calibrating inclinometer by using calibration device | |
| CN215572760U (en) | Flatness and elevation detection device for plane cast-in-place concrete floor | |
| CN213274055U (en) | Device for measuring horizontal distance of internal mold of T-beam template | |
| CN112663958A (en) | Levelness monitoring device and method for floor slab pouring bottom formwork | |
| CN111829494A (en) | Reusable tunnel lead short edge transfer forced centering observation pillar and method thereof | |
| CN220772204U (en) | Rectangular structure positioning device | |
| CN113532227B (en) | Alignment matching height difference accurate measurement device and use method thereof | |
| CN220959899U (en) | Adjustable bridge pad stone preformed hole precision measuring tool | |
| CN115388850A (en) | Elevation measurement control method for mounting prefabricated stand column | |
| CN212300317U (en) | High-precision measurement platform for controlling concrete finish surface elevation | |
| CN219992558U (en) | Pile position deviation detection auxiliary tool | |
| CN217953468U (en) | Special device for monitoring settlement of pier in high-speed railway bridge water |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |