CN113670104A - Heat exchanger and air conditioner - Google Patents
Heat exchanger and air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN113670104A CN113670104A CN202110823610.1A CN202110823610A CN113670104A CN 113670104 A CN113670104 A CN 113670104A CN 202110823610 A CN202110823610 A CN 202110823610A CN 113670104 A CN113670104 A CN 113670104A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20763—Liquid cooling without phase change
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00508—Cement paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00525—Coating or impregnation materials for metallic surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/06—Coatings; Surface treatments having particular radiating, reflecting or absorbing features, e.g. for improving heat transfer by radiation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchanger and an air conditioner, wherein a heat dissipation layer is coated on the surface of the heat exchanger, the heat dissipation layer contains a graphene material, the thickness of a preferable coating (heat dissipation layer) is obtained by combining theoretical analysis calculation and actual test, and the forward promotion effect of the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger can be met; according to the actual measurement data of the air conditioning system, the refrigerating capacity Q of the graphene heat exchanger is improved by 10%, the power consumption of the whole machine is reduced by 9%, and the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner is improved by 20.9% under the conditions of the same return air temperature and humidity working condition, the same refrigerant charge amount and the like. Meanwhile, by adopting the graphene heat exchanger disclosed by the invention, the high-pressure of the detected air conditioner is reduced by 10.9%, the high-pressure resistance of the air conditioning system can be effectively improved, the high-pressure resistance is better under severe conditions such as outdoor high-temperature environment or outdoor unit filth blockage in summer, and the fault risk of high-pressure shutdown of the air conditioning system is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, in particular to a heat exchanger and an air conditioner.
Background
At present, the requirement on the heat load of a unit area of a data center is higher and higher, and for the application of a part of data centers with high heat density, the existing air-conditioning heat exchanger cannot well meet the heat dissipation requirement of the existing air-conditioning heat exchanger on a data center server, and only the area of the heat exchanger can be increased on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange quantity, so that the space is wasted, the cost is increased, and the comprehensive efficiency is lower; in addition, the emissivity coefficient of the existing commonly used copper material or aluminum sheet (polished) is only about 0.05, and the copper material or aluminum sheet is difficult to radiate heat without convection.
Therefore, the prior art is still subject to further improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger and an air conditioner, which are used to solve the problem of low heat exchange efficiency of the prior heat exchanger.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a heat exchanger, which comprises a heat exchanger body, wherein the outer surface of the heat exchanger body is coated with a heat dissipation layer, and the heat dissipation layer contains a graphene material.
Optionally, the heat exchanger, wherein the thickness of the heat dissipation layer is 10-20 um.
Optionally, the heat exchanger, wherein the thickness of the heat dissipation layer is 15 um.
Optionally, in the heat exchanger, the preparation of the heat dissipation layer includes the following steps:
providing graphene slurry;
depositing the graphene slurry on the surface of the heat exchanger body to obtain a prefabricated part;
and putting the prefabricated member into baking equipment for baking to obtain the heat exchanger.
Optionally, the heat exchanger, wherein the graphene slurry includes, in parts by weight:
optionally, the heat exchanger, wherein the graphene is a single-layer sheet structure; the graphene comprises carbon and non-carbon elements, and the non-carbon elements are selected from one or more of fluorine, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and chlorine.
Optionally, the heat exchanger, wherein the heat conducting filler is selected from one or more of boron nitride, barium sulfate, and beryllium oxide.
Optionally, the heat exchanger, wherein the step of putting the prefabricated part into a baking device for baking to obtain the heat exchanger specifically includes:
placing the prefabricated member into baking equipment, and baking for 5-30min under the condition of a first temperature; then heating the baking equipment to a second temperature, and baking for 5-10min under the second temperature condition; then heating the baking equipment to a third temperature, and baking for 5-10min under the third temperature condition; and then, heating the baking equipment to a fourth temperature, and baking for 10-30min under the fourth temperature condition to obtain the heat exchanger.
Optionally, the heat exchanger, wherein the first temperature is 30-60 ℃, the second temperature is 70-80 ℃, the third temperature is 100-.
In a second aspect, an air conditioner includes the heat exchanger as described above.
Has the advantages that: the embodiment of the invention provides a heat exchanger, wherein a heat dissipation layer containing graphene is coated on the outer surface of the heat exchanger, heat on the surface of the heat exchanger is transmitted into the heat dissipation layer, and is rapidly radiated to the outside in an infrared mode, so that heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the external environment is efficiently improved, and the temperature of a refrigerant on the surface of the heat exchanger and in the heat exchanger is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange process of a standard copper tube;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange process of a copper pipe with a graphene heat dissipation layer coated on the surface;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of heat exchange of graphene;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a heat exchanger manufacturing process with a heat dissipation layer coated on the surface.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides a heat exchanger and an air conditioner, and the present invention will be described in further detail below in order to make the objects, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The heat exchanger of the air conditioner is divided into an evaporator and a condenser, the evaporator is used as an important component of a refrigerating system, and the heat exchanger has the following functions: high-temperature air in the environment is driven to circulate by a fan, passes through the surface of the evaporator and exchanges heat with low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the evaporator, and the temperature of the air is reduced after the heat in the air is absorbed by the refrigerant circulating in the evaporator; the refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs the heat in the circulating air, generates phase change to form gaseous refrigerant, is recycled to the compressor, is compressed by the compressor, becomes high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the condenser; after the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, the fan of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner drives the airflow circulation of the outdoor environment, the heat in the refrigerant is taken away by the external ambient air, and the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed into the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
The heat dissipation effect of the metal material mainly depends on two important factors, namely heat conductivity and heat dissipation capacity, the higher the radiation coefficient is, the stronger the radiation capacity is, and the better the heat dissipation effect is; the higher the thermal conductivity, the better the heat exchange effect. The heat exchange process of the evaporator and the condenser all relates to the heat exchange between the heat exchanger and air, wherein the higher the heat exchange efficiency is, the higher the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner is, so that how to effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchanger of the air conditioner and the air becomes a problem which troubles many air conditioner manufacturers at present.
In order to improve the heat dissipation effect of a heat exchanger, some manufacturers are known to use a graphene technology to perform heat exchange enhancement, for example, in the CN207180103U patent, "a graphene condenser fin", the related technology includes a substrate material layer and graphene heat dissipation layer, the graphene heat dissipation layer is sprayed or brushed on the surface of the substrate material layer, the substrate material layer is a graphene high-conductivity plastic layer, and the high-conductivity plastic layer is formed by adding a certain amount of graphene through one-time injection molding.
As is known, most of refrigerants adopted in the existing air-conditioning refrigeration systems are high-pressure refrigerants, such as R410A environment-friendly refrigerants, and the high-pressure of the refrigerants can reach over 40 bar; such as CO2For refrigerants with high pressure of 60bar, the CN207180103U patent relates to a base material layer made of a high thermal conductive plastic layer, and the pressure resistance of the base material layer is far from meeting the requirement of the conventional refrigerant.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchanger including a heat exchanger body having a surface coated with a heat dissipation layer, wherein the heat exchanger may be an existing heat exchanger for an air conditioner, such as an evaporator and/or a condenser. The heat exchanger is made of metal copper or metal aluminum, and the heat dissipation layer contains a graphene material.
In the embodiment, the heat conduction capability and the radiation capability of the heat exchange material are enhanced simultaneously; the thermal conductivity and emissivity of common metallic materials are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 thermal conductivity and emissivity of common substances
As can be seen from table 1, since the thermal conductivity and emissivity of graphene respectively reach 5300W/m.k and 0.95, which are much higher than those of copper or aluminum, in this embodiment, a heat dissipation layer is coated on a copper or aluminum heat exchanger, and the heat dissipation layer contains a graphene material, so that heat on the surface of a high-temperature copper material or aluminum plate device is transferred into the heat dissipation layer, and the heat is rapidly radiated to the outside in an infrared manner, thereby efficiently promoting heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the external environment, reducing the temperature of the refrigerant on the surface of the heat exchanger and inside the heat exchanger, and increasing the heat exchange amount Q between the air in the external environment and the refrigerant circulating inside the evaporator from the evaporator end, thereby increasing the output of the cooling capacity; from the condenser end, the temperature of the refrigerant in the system pipeline can be reduced, namely, the high-pressure is reduced, so that the power consumption W of the compressor is effectively reduced; the air conditioner energy efficiency ratio COP is the refrigerating capacity Q/power consumption W, when Q is increased, and meanwhile W is decreased, the COP is effectively improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the standard copper tube heat exchange type, three processes,
process 1: the refrigerant in the tube exchanges heat with the inner wall of the copper tube in a convection mode, Q is h 1A 1 delta T1 is h 1A 1 (T1-T2), h1 is the internal convection heat exchange coefficient, A1 is the area of the inner wall of the copper tube, T1 is the temperature of the refrigerant in the tube, and T2 is the temperature of the inner wall of the copper tube; wherein, after the determination of the research object, A1, T1 and h1 are constants;
and (2) a process: the heat conduction process of the single-layer cylinder wall of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper pipe,
wherein lambda 1 is the heat conductivity coefficient of the copper pipe, T2 is the temperature of the inner wall of the copper pipe, T3 is the temperature of the outer wall of the copper pipe, d2 is the diameter of the outer wall of the copper pipe, and d1 is the diameter of the inner wall of the copper pipe; the above 5 parameters are all constants.
And 3, process: the heat convection between the outer wall of the copper pipe and the outside air is carried out, Q is h 2A 2 delta T2 is h 2A 2 (T3-T4), h2 is the external heat convection coefficient, A2 is the area of the outer wall of the copper pipe, T3 is the temperature of the outer wall of the copper pipe, and T4 is the temperature of the external air flow; wherein, the above 4 parameters are all constants.
The above 3 processes can be integrated as:
in this embodiment, adopt the technology pattern of spraying, spraying graphite alkene thick liquids on the outer wall of copper pipe forms graphite alkene surface coating, increases graphite alkene surface coating (heat dissipation layer) after, is equivalent to become double-deck copper pipe heat transfer by original individual layer copper pipe heat dissipation, can abstract the steady state heat conduction of double-deck cylinder wall, and simultaneously, the medium of copper pipe outer wall and outside air convection heat transfer has replaced into graphite alkene coating, following 3 processes:
the process a: the refrigerant in the tube exchanges heat with the inner wall of the copper tube in a convection mode, Q is h 1A 1 delta T1 is h 1A 1 (T1-T2), h1 is the internal convection heat exchange coefficient, A1 is the area of the inner wall of the copper tube, T1 is the temperature of the refrigerant in the tube, and T2 is the temperature of the inner wall of the copper tube; wherein A1, T1 and h1 are constants.
And a process b: the heat conduction process of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper pipe, and the heat conduction process of the outer wall of the copper pipe and the double-layer cylinder wall of the graphene coating,
wherein lambda 1 is the thermal conductivity of the copper pipe, T2 is the temperature of the inner wall of the copper pipe, T5 is the temperature of the outer wall of the graphene coating, d2 is the diameter of the outer wall of the copper pipe, d1 is the diameter of the inner wall of the copper pipe, and d3 is the diameter of the outer wall of the graphene coating; the above 6 parameters are all constants.
And c, process c: convection heat exchange between the outer wall of the graphene coating and outside air, wherein Q is h2 A3 Δ T3 is h2 A3 (T5-T4), h2 is an external convection heat exchange coefficient, A3 is the area of the outer wall of the graphene coating, T5 is the temperature of the outer wall of the graphene coating, and T4 is the temperature of the external air flow; wherein, the above 4 parameters are all constants.
The above four processes can be integrated as follows:
comparing the formula I with the formula II,
the denominator term of Q1 is the increased A3 compared to A2 with increased coating
Will decrease but increase due to the denominator term of Q1
There may be three situations:
case 1:
q is more than Q1, namely the graphene coating is increased in a negative relation, so that the overall heat exchange quantity is reduced, and the beneficial effect is avoided;
case 2:
the Q is Q1, which is represented by increasing the graphene coating to be irrelevant, so that the total heat exchange quantity is not changed, and the beneficial effect is not achieved;
case 3:
q is less than Q1, the graphene coating is added in a positive direction, the overall heat exchange amount is improved, and the beneficial effects are achieved.
From this can derive, in order to reach the beneficial effect of situation 3, need carry out reasonable setting to the thickness of graphite alkene coating, the thickness of graphite alkene coating can be 10um to 12um, 12um to 15um, 15um to 17um, 17um to 20 um. After multiple times of experimental verification, comprehensive evaluation is carried out in combination with multiple aspects such as manufacturing cost, and the like, and the coating thickness delta d is preferably (d3-d2)/2 is 15um, so that the heat exchange quantity positive lifting effect of the case 3 can be met.
In one implementation manner of this embodiment, the heat dissipation layer is formed by coating and drying graphene slurry. Illustratively, the graphene paste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of graphene, 55 parts of inorganic resin, 0.3 part of dispersing agent, 5 parts of heat-conducting filler and a proper amount of deionized water, wherein the addition amount of deionized water is matched with the viscosity during construction, and the deionized water can be selected according to the actual use condition.
In this embodiment, the graphene is a single-layer sheet graphene, and the graphene contains one or more of fluorine, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and chlorine. The inorganic resin may be silica sol sodium water glass or potassium sodium water glass. The dispersant may be a polyethylene wax.
Referring to fig. 4, according to the formula ratio, a certain amount of graphene powder, a dispersant, an inorganic resin (2001 resin) and boron nitride are weighed and added into an emulsifying machine for pre-dispersing for 10min, and the rotating speed of the emulsifying machine is controlled at 5000 rpm/min; placing the emulsified solution into a ball mill, controlling the ball milling dispersion process for about 30min, and controlling the ball-material ratio to be 2: 1, preferably ball-milling zirconium beads to be 2 mm; and fully dispersing the emulsified solution by a ball mill to obtain graphene slurry.
Illustratively, a certain amount of dispersed graphene slurry is sprayed on the surface of a copper substrate (for the above-mentioned tested air conditioning unit, the weight of the spraying slurry is 200g for an evaporator and 500g for a condenser), and the copper substrate is placed in an incubator, the temperature is adjusted to 50 ℃, and pre-baking is carried out for 20 min; heating the incubator to 80 ℃, baking for 10min, heating to 120 ℃ again, and baking for 10 min; heating the incubator to 150 ℃, and then solidifying the graphene slurry on the surface of the heat exchanger for 30 min; and finishing the preparation of the heat dissipation coating of the graphene heat exchanger. The graphene coating can be better formed into a film through segmented baking, and the adhesive force and the weather resistance of the graphene coating are improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an air conditioner, and the air conditioner adopts the heat exchanger. Wherein, the heat exchanger is copper heat exchanger, and the heat dissipation layer thickness of the surface of heat exchanger is 15 um.
The heat exchanger according to the invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Weighing 0.1 part of graphene, 20 parts of potassium-sodium water glass, 0.1 part of polyethylene wax, 2 parts of boron nitride and a proper amount of deionized water. Adding the raw materials into an emulsifying machine, and dispersing for 10min in advance, wherein the rotating speed of the emulsifying machine is controlled to be 5500 rpm/min; placing the emulsified solution into a ball mill, controlling the ball milling dispersion process for about 30min, and controlling the ball-material ratio to be 2: 1, ball-milling zirconium beads to be 2 mm; and fully dispersing the emulsified solution by a ball mill to obtain graphene slurry.
Spraying the graphene slurry on the outer surfaces of an evaporator and a condenser by adopting a spraying mode, controlling the thickness of the spraying film, and baking the sprayed evaporator and the sprayed condenser in an oven at the first temperature of 30 ℃ for 5min, the second temperature of 70 ℃ for 5min, the third temperature of 100 ℃ for 5min and the fourth temperature of 130 ℃ for 10 min. The detected film thickness is 11-13 um. The evaporator and the condenser with the surface coated with the heat dissipation layer are obtained.
The evaporator and the condenser are installed in an air conditioner, and according to the actual measurement data of a national approved enthalpy difference laboratory, the R410A environment-friendly refrigerant, the rated refrigerating capacity 3250W, the rated power 1000W and the energy efficiency ratio COP are displayed to be used in the air conditioner; under the conditions of the same air return temperature and humidity and the same refrigerant charge amount, the refrigerating capacity, power consumption and energy efficiency ratio of the heat exchanger adopting the standard process and the graphene heat exchanger adopting the graphene heat exchanger are compared and tested, and the test result shows that: the refrigerating capacity Q is changed into 3445W, the promotion proportion is 6%, the power consumption W of the whole machine is changed into 950W, and the reduction proportion is 5%; the energy efficiency ratio COP of the air-conditioning system adopting the graphene heat exchanger is changed into 3.85W/W, and the promotion proportion is 18.5%. In addition, by adopting the graphene heat exchanger disclosed by the invention, the high-pressure of the tested air conditioning unit is reduced to 25.1bar from 27.5bar, and the reduction ratio is about 8.5%.
Example 2
Weighing 1.5 parts of graphene, 55 parts of potassium-sodium water glass, 0.3 part of polyethylene wax, 6 parts of boron nitride and a proper amount of deionized water. Adding the raw materials into an emulsifying machine, and dispersing for 10min in advance, wherein the rotating speed of the emulsifying machine is controlled to be 5500 rpm/min; placing the emulsified solution into a ball mill, controlling the ball milling dispersion process for about 35min, and controlling the ball-material ratio to be 2: 1, ball-milling zirconium beads to be 2 mm; and fully dispersing the emulsified solution by a ball mill to obtain graphene slurry.
Spraying the graphene slurry on the outer surfaces of an evaporator and a condenser by adopting a spraying mode, controlling the thickness of the spraying film, and baking the sprayed evaporator and the sprayed condenser in an oven at the first temperature of 55 ℃ for 25min, the second temperature of 75 ℃ for 8min, the third temperature of 110 ℃ for 8min and the fourth temperature of 150 ℃ for 20 min. The detected film thickness is 13-17 um. The evaporator and the condenser with the surface coated with the heat dissipation layer are obtained.
The evaporator and the condenser are installed in an air conditioner, and according to the actual measurement data of a national approved enthalpy difference laboratory, the R410A environment-friendly refrigerant, the rated refrigerating capacity 3250W, the rated power 1000W and the energy efficiency ratio COP are displayed to be used in the air conditioner; under the conditions of the same air return temperature and humidity and the same refrigerant charge amount, the refrigerating capacity, power consumption and energy efficiency ratio of the heat exchanger adopting the standard process and the graphene heat exchanger adopting the graphene heat exchanger are compared and tested, and the test result shows that: the refrigerating capacity Q is changed into 3575W, the lifting proportion is 10%, the power consumption W of the whole machine is changed into 910W, and the reduction proportion is 9%; the energy efficiency ratio COP of the air-conditioning system adopting the graphene heat exchanger is changed into 3.93W/W, and the promotion proportion is 20.9%. In addition, by adopting the graphene heat exchanger disclosed by the invention, the high-pressure of the tested air conditioning unit is reduced from 27.5bar to 24.5bar, the reduction ratio is about 10.9%, the high-pressure resistance of the air conditioning system is effectively improved, the power consumption of a compressor is reduced through a graphene coating process, the high-pressure of the system is reduced, the air conditioning system has stronger tolerance under severe conditions such as outdoor high-temperature environment in summer and dirty and blocked outdoor units, and the fault risk of high-pressure shutdown of the air conditioning system is greatly reduced.
Example 3
Weighing 2 parts of graphene, 65 parts of potassium-sodium water glass, 0.5 part of polyethylene wax, 10 parts of boron nitride and a proper amount of deionized water. Adding the raw materials into an emulsifying machine, and dispersing for 10min in advance, wherein the rotating speed of the emulsifying machine is controlled to be 5500 rpm/min; placing the emulsified solution into a ball mill, controlling the ball milling dispersion process for about 30min, and controlling the ball-material ratio to be 2: 1, ball-milling zirconium beads to be 2 mm; and fully dispersing the emulsified solution by a ball mill to obtain graphene slurry.
Spraying the graphene slurry on the outer surfaces of an evaporator and a condenser by adopting a spraying mode, controlling the thickness of the spraying film, and baking the sprayed evaporator and the sprayed condenser in an oven at the first temperature of 60 ℃ for 30min, the second temperature of 80 ℃ for 10min, the third temperature of 120 ℃ for 10min and the fourth temperature of 160 ℃ for 30 min. The detected film thickness is 15-20 um. The evaporator and the condenser with the surface coated with the heat dissipation layer are obtained.
The evaporator and the condenser are installed in an air conditioner, and according to the actual measurement data of a national approved enthalpy difference laboratory, the R410A environment-friendly refrigerant, the rated refrigerating capacity 3250W, the rated power 1000W and the energy efficiency ratio COP are displayed to be used in the air conditioner; under the conditions of the same air return temperature and humidity and the same refrigerant charge amount, the refrigerating capacity, power consumption and energy efficiency ratio of the heat exchanger adopting the standard process and the graphene heat exchanger adopting the graphene heat exchanger are compared and tested, and the test result shows that: the refrigerating capacity Q is changed into 3562W, the lifting proportion is 9.6 percent, the power consumption W of the whole machine is changed into 915W, and the reduction proportion is 8.5 percent; the energy efficiency ratio COP of the air-conditioning system adopting the graphene heat exchanger is changed into 3.89W/W, and the promotion proportion is 19.9%. In addition, by adopting the graphene heat exchanger disclosed by the invention, the high-pressure of the tested air conditioning unit is reduced from 27.5bar to 24.8bar, the reduction ratio is about 9.9%, and the high-pressure resistance of an air conditioning system is effectively improved.
In summary, the invention provides a heat exchanger and an air conditioner, theoretical analysis calculation and actual test are combined to obtain the optimal coating (heat dissipation layer) thickness of 15um, which can satisfy the positive lifting effect of the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger; according to the actual measurement data of the air conditioning system, the graphene heat exchanger disclosed by the invention is adopted to carry out a spraying process according to the thickness of an optimal coating of 15 microns under the conditions of the same return air temperature and humidity working condition, the filling amount of a refrigerant and the like, the refrigerating capacity Q is improved by 10%, the power consumption of the whole machine is reduced by 9%, and the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner is improved by 20.9%. Meanwhile, by adopting the graphene heat exchanger disclosed by the invention, the high-pressure of the detected air conditioner is reduced by 10.9%, the high-pressure resistance of the air conditioning system can be effectively improved, the high-pressure resistance is better under severe conditions such as outdoor high-temperature environment or outdoor unit filth blockage in summer, and the fault risk of high-pressure shutdown of the air conditioning system is greatly reduced.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger body and is characterized in that a heat dissipation layer is coated on the outer surface of the heat exchanger body, and the heat dissipation layer contains a graphene material.
2. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the heat dissipation layer has a thickness of 10-20 um.
3. The heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein the heat dissipation layer is 15um thick.
4. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the preparation of the heat dissipation layer comprises the steps of:
providing graphene slurry;
depositing the graphene slurry on the surface of the heat exchanger body to obtain a prefabricated part;
and putting the prefabricated member into baking equipment for baking to obtain the heat exchanger.
5. The heat exchanger of claim 4, wherein the graphene paste comprises, in parts by weight:
6. the heat exchanger of claim 5, wherein the graphene is a single-layer sheet structure; the graphene comprises carbon and non-carbon elements, and the non-carbon elements are selected from one or more of fluorine, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and chlorine.
7. The heat exchanger of claim 5, wherein the thermally conductive filler is selected from one or more of boron nitride, barium sulfate, and beryllium oxide.
8. The heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the step of placing the preforms into a baking device for baking to obtain the heat exchanger comprises:
placing the prefabricated member into baking equipment, and baking for 5-30min under the condition of a first temperature; then heating the baking equipment to a second temperature, and baking for 5-10min under the second temperature condition; then heating the baking equipment to a third temperature, and baking for 5-10min under the third temperature condition; and then, heating the baking equipment to a fourth temperature, and baking for 10-30min under the fourth temperature condition to obtain the heat exchanger.
9. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first temperature is 30-60 ℃, the second temperature is 70-80 ℃, the third temperature is 100-.
10. An air conditioner characterized by comprising the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202110823610.1A CN113670104A (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Heat exchanger and air conditioner |
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| US20170298624A1 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-19 | Chien-Yi HSIEH | Dropped ceiling with eco-friendly ceiling panels |
| CN207180103U (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-04-03 | 青岛宏泰良正电器有限公司 | A kind of graphene condenser fins |
| CN110218470A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-10 | 常州烯源纳米科技有限公司 | Aqueous high-temperature-resistant graphene inorganic heat radiation coating, Its Preparation Method And Use |
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- 2021-07-21 CN CN202110823610.1A patent/CN113670104A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170298624A1 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-19 | Chien-Yi HSIEH | Dropped ceiling with eco-friendly ceiling panels |
| CN207180103U (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-04-03 | 青岛宏泰良正电器有限公司 | A kind of graphene condenser fins |
| CN110218470A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-10 | 常州烯源纳米科技有限公司 | Aqueous high-temperature-resistant graphene inorganic heat radiation coating, Its Preparation Method And Use |
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