CN113669027A

CN113669027A - Auxiliary sealing device for single-gate blowout preventer

Info

Publication number: CN113669027A
Application number: CN202111066414.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范金凤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-13
Filing date: 2021-09-13
Publication date: 2021-11-19

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, and discloses an auxiliary sealing device for a single-gate blowout preventer. According to the invention, non-solid particulate impurities in petroleum are absorbed by using the active layer, meanwhile, the petroleum liquid forms a backflow trend, the petroleum gushing potential energy is reduced, the blowout danger degree is effectively reduced, and the problem that the gate plate cannot be completely closed is avoided.

Description

Auxiliary sealing device for single-gate blowout preventer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to an auxiliary sealing device for a single-gate blowout preventer.

Background

The blowout preventer is a safe well mouth sealing device for closing a well mouth and preventing blowout accidents, the existing well mouth hydraulic blowout preventer is generally adopted, the well mouth hydraulic blowout preventer mainly comprises an annular blowout preventer, a ram blowout preventer and a four-way valve and the like, the ram blowout preventer is divided into a single ram, a double ram and a three ram according to the number of the rams, wherein the single ram blowout preventer is commonly used, the single ram blowout preventer adopts the working principle that hydraulic oil is utilized to push a piston in an oil cylinder to move towards the well mouth direction and drive a piston rod and the ram to advance together, and the well mouth is closed and blowout is prevented through the closed sealing of the rams.

The existing single-gate blowout preventer has the advantages that the oil pressure in a well is increased suddenly, after a gushing trend is formed, injected hydraulic oil pushes a gate plate to move inwards to be closed, oil rushes upwards, congestion is in a well inner cavity, the upwelled oil is blocked when the gate plate shrinks inwards, and when the gate plate moves left and right, the upper surface of the gate plate and the inner wall of an outer gate plate shell can generate huge friction, if the friction force is too large, not only can the gate plate be closed to cause great resistance obstacle, but also the upper surface of the gate plate can be seriously damaged, and the top sealing performance of the gate plate can be lowered for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing single-ram blowout preventer in the background technology in the using process, the invention provides the auxiliary sealing device for the single-ram blowout preventer, which has the advantages of reducing the friction influence of oil on the rams, effectively screening impurities in the oil and preventing the impurities from blocking, and solves the technical problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: an auxiliary sealing device for a single-gate blowout preventer comprises a drilling tool, wherein a well casing is fixedly arranged on the outer portion of the drilling tool, a gate casing is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the well casing, an outer sealing sleeve is fixedly arranged on the outer portion of the gate casing, a piston is movably arranged in an inner cavity of the outer sealing sleeve, a closed gate is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston, a first fixing piece is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the gate casing, an active layer is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the first fixing piece, a second fixing piece is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the first fixing piece, a filter layer is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the second fixing piece, a filter plate is fixedly arranged in the filter layer, a separation plate is arranged on the surface of the bottom end of the filter layer, a fixing rod is fixedly arranged in the lower end of the well casing, and a shaft rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the fixing rod, the outer portion of the shaft rod is movably sleeved with a blocking arm, one end of the blocking arm is fixedly provided with a warning arm, and a warning plate located on the outer side edge of the well casing is fixedly arranged below the bottom end of the warning arm.

Preferably, the shape of the active layer is fan-shaped and is divided into a left part and a right part, equal annular channels are arranged in each part of the active layer, the channels are inclined inwards at forty-five degrees, one part of the channels of the active layer are filled with activated carbon substances, and the annular channels without the activated carbon substances and the annular channels with the activated carbon substances are distributed in a staggered arrangement.

Preferably, the filter layer is divided into two parts, each part is fan-shaped, an annular channel with the same size as that of the annular channel of the active layer is formed in the filter layer, and the channels incline outwards at forty-five degrees.

Preferably, the filter plate is positioned on the wall surface of one side channel of the annular channel in the filter layer, the surface of the filter plate is provided with holes, and the hole diameter of the filter plate can allow solid particles such as gravel mud blocks to pass through.

Preferably, the separation plate is located filter layer annular channel's bottom, and is adjacent with filter place wall, the aperture has been seted up on the surface of separation plate, and its aperture only allows fluid to pass through, can't pass through solid-state particulate matters such as gravel mud piece.

Preferably, one end edge of the barrier arm is arc-shaped and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the drilling tool.

Preferably, the warning board is in a ring shape, the inner cavity of the warning board is in a hollow state, and the surface of the warning board is made of iron.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, by utilizing the activated carbon material in the active layer and the inward inclined wall surface, the petroleum flows obliquely inward and permeates into the activated carbon, so that non-solid particulate matter impurities in the petroleum are absorbed, meanwhile, the petroleum oil flows inward to form a backflow trend, the backflow petroleum blocks the upwelling petroleum, the upwelling petroleum impulsive force potential energy is reduced, the flowing speed of the petroleum is reduced, the petroleum gushing potential energy is reduced, the blowout danger degree can be effectively reduced, and the petroleum is removed of impurities, so that when the petroleum gushes to the bottom of the closed gate plate, the petroleum is not easy to cause impurity adhesion to the bottom of the closed gate plate, and the problem that the gate plate cannot be completely closed is avoided.

2. According to the invention, the filtering layer channel inclines outwards, and forms a V-shaped channel with the channel of the active layer, and the nonlinear circulation is adopted, so that the upwelling oil speed is changed continuously, and the required time for upwelling is greatly increased.

3. According to the invention, the warning plate is arranged, when the blocking arm is impacted by oil, the warning arm is driven to move downwards rapidly, the warning arm is suddenly knocked on the surface of the warning plate by utilizing the impulsive force of the oil, the warning plate makes a loud sound due to knocking and colliding of the warning arm due to the cavity structure, and the warning plate can inform a worker that the oil is gushed to the position of the blocking arm by utilizing the vibration and the sound of the warning plate, so that the worker is in a safe state by carrying out flashboard movement blocking, the mechanical operation time is sufficient, and the problem that the blowout force of a well is too large and the worker is injured due to too late flashboard blocking of the worker due to incapability of detecting the gushing position of the oil is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an active layer according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a barrier arm according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. drilling tools; 2. a hoistway housing; 3. a gate housing; 4. an outer sealing sleeve; 5. a piston; 6. closing the gate; 7. a first fixing member; 8. an active layer; 9. a second fixing member; 10. a filter layer; 11. a filter plate; 12. a separation plate; 13. fixing the rod; 14. a shaft lever; 15. a blocking arm; 16. a warning arm; 17. a warning panel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, an auxiliary sealing device for a single-gate blowout preventer comprises a drilling tool 1, a well casing 2 is fixedly installed outside the drilling tool 1, a gate casing 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the well casing 2, an outer sealing sleeve 4 is fixedly installed outside the gate casing 3, a piston 5 is movably installed in an inner cavity of the outer sealing sleeve 4, a sealing gate 6 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston 5, a first fixing member 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the gate casing 3, an active layer 8 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the first fixing member 7, a second fixing member 9 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first fixing member 7, a filter layer 10 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the second fixing member 9, a filter plate 11 is fixedly installed in the filter layer 10, a separation plate 12 is arranged on the surface of the bottom end of the filter layer 10, a fixing rod 13 is fixedly installed in the lower end of the well casing 2, and a shaft rod 14 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the fixing rod 13, a barrier arm 15 is movably sleeved outside the shaft lever 14, a warning arm 16 is fixedly installed at one end of the barrier arm 15, and a warning plate 17 located on the outer edge of the hoistway housing 2 is fixedly installed below the bottom end of the warning arm 16.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the active layer 8 is fan-shaped and divided into left and right portions, each portion of the active layer 8 has an equal annular channel therein, the channels are inclined inward at forty-five degrees, a portion of the channels of the active layer 8 is filled with activated carbon, the annular channel not filled with activated carbon and the annular channel filled with activated carbon are distributed in a staggered arrangement, by using the activated carbon inside the active layer 8 and the wall surface inclined inward, when oil flows through the annular channel inside the active layer 8, the oil flows obliquely inward and permeates into the activated carbon, so that non-solid particles in the oil are absorbed, and meanwhile, the oil flows inward to form a backflow trend, the backflow oil blocks the upward-flowing oil, so that the thrust potential energy of the upward-flowing oil is reduced, the flowing speed of the upward-flowing oil is reduced, and the oil-flowing potential energy is reduced, can effectively reduce blowout dangerous degree, and because of the oil is clear away impurity, when the oil gushes to the bottom of closed flashboard 6, the oil is difficult for causing the impurity adhesion to the bottom of closed flashboard 6, and then avoids causing the unable totally enclosed problem of flashboard.

Referring to fig. 1, a filter layer 10 is divided into two parts, each of which is shaped like a fan, an annular passage having the same size as the annular passage of an active layer 8 is formed in the filter layer 10, the passage is inclined outward at forty-five degrees, and the filter layer 10 is inclined outward to form a V-shaped communication passage with the passage of the active layer 8, so that upwelled oil flows in a bent shape and flows in a non-linear shape, the upwelling speed of the oil is changed continuously, and the time consumed by upwelling is greatly increased, according to the existing ram blowout preventer, the time required for sealing a well is three to eight seconds, when the ram is folded inward, the upwelled oil cannot be sprayed to the passage of the ram at the first time due to the obstruction of the V-shaped passage, the ram has sufficient time to complete closing and blocking, and the bottom of the ram cannot be blocked and impacted by the impulsive force of the oil, effectively reduce the friction dynamics that the flashboard upper surface receives, avoid the upper surface of flashboard serious impaired, and cause the top leakproofness of flashboard to descend.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the filter plate 11 is located on one side of the annular channel wall inside the filter layer 10, and the filter plate 11 has holes on its surface, which are sized to allow solid particles such as gravel-mud to pass through.

Referring to fig. 1-3, wherein the separating plate 12 is located at the bottom end of the annular channel of the filtering layer 10 and adjacent to the wall surface where the filtering plate 11 is located, the surface of the separating plate 12 is provided with small holes, the hole diameter of the separating plate only allows oil to pass through but cannot pass through solid particles such as gravel mud blocks, when oil flows into the channel through the filtering plate 11, the oil carries the solid particles and impurities together, and the oil containing the particulate impurities filtered by the filtering plate 11 is separated from the solid by the separating plate 12 to be filtered back into the lower pipeline.

Referring to fig. 1-4, an edge of one end of the barrier arm 15 is arc-shaped and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the drilling tool 1, by using the arc-shaped edge of the barrier arm 15, when oil at the bottom of a well is gushed upwards, the oil impacts the barrier arm 15, because the arc-shaped edge of the barrier arm 15 is in point-to-surface contact with the surface of the drilling tool 1, the arc-shaped edge of the barrier arm 15 cannot be clamped on the surface of the drilling tool 1, and is tilted upwards, when the barrier arm 15 is turned to the maximum, the gap between the edge of the barrier arm 15 and the surface of the drilling tool 1 is small, the amount of oil gushed upwards is greatly limited, although the oil flow rate is increased, because the flow rate is limited, the local explosive force of the blowout is effectively reduced by the barrier arm 15, and when no blowout occurs, the edge of the barrier arm 15 forms a limiting ring to assist the positioning and calibration of the drilling tool 1, deviation from the centre position of the shaft is avoided when the drilling tool 1 is inserted.

Referring to fig. 1, the warning plate 17 is in a ring shape, the inner cavity of the warning plate is in a hollow state, the surface of the warning plate is iron, when the barrier arm 15 is impacted by oil and deviates, the warning arm 16 is driven to move downwards rapidly by taking the shaft rod 14 as a fulcrum, the warning arm 16 violently strikes the surface of the warning plate 17 by using the impact force of the oil, the warning plate 17 makes a loud sound due to the striking of the warning arm 16 due to the cavity structure, and the vibration of the warning plate 17 can inform a worker that the oil is sprayed to the position of the barrier arm 15, and the worker performs gate plate movement blocking at the moment, is in a safe state, has sufficient mechanical operation time, and avoids the problem that the worker is too late in gate plate blocking due to the fact that the oil spraying position cannot be detected, and is injured due to the excessive well spraying force.

The using method of the invention has the following working principle:

when oil blowout occurs at the bottom of a well, oil rushes to the bottom of the blocking arm 15 and directly impacts the blocking arm 15, the blocking arm 15 is collided to tilt upwards, the oil continuously surges upwards from a gap between the edge of the blocking arm 15 and the surface of the drilling tool 1, when the blocking arm 15 deflects, the blocking arm 15 drives the warning arm 16 to move downwards rapidly by taking the shaft rod 14 as a fulcrum, the warning arm 16 violently knocks on the surface of the warning plate 17 due to the impact force of the oil, the warning plate 17 makes a loud sound, and when the vibration of the warning plate 17 is heard, a worker immediately fills hydraulic oil into an opening cavity in the outer sealing sleeve 4 to push the piston 5 forwards to extrude the sealing gate plate 6 to seal the sealing gate plate 6.

When the flashboard seals, the oil which continues to circulate through the blocking arm 15 upwards flows into the annular channel of the filter layer 10, and because the inner channel of the filter layer 10 is obliquely arranged, when the oil flows along the channel wall, the solid particles contained in the oil are filtered and enter the channel where the filter plate 11 is located through the filter plate 11, the oil liquid containing the particle impurities in the channel where the filter plate 11 is located is subjected to solid-liquid separation through the separation plate 12, and the oil liquid is filtered back into the lower pipeline again.

The oil liquid which does not contain solid particles continuously flows upwards to enter the annular channel inside the active layer 8, when the oil flows through the annular channel inside the active layer 8, the oil liquid obliquely flows inwards to permeate into the active carbon, and impurities of the non-solid particles in the oil are absorbed.

At this time, the closing of the closing gate 6 is completed, and the upwelled oil is blocked at the bottom of the closing gate 6, so that the purpose of preventing the blowout is completed.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a single ram blowout preventer is with supplementary closing device, includes drilling tool (1), its characterized in that: the outer fixed mounting of drilling tool (1) has well shell (2), the bottom fixed mounting of well shell (2) has flashboard shell (3), the outer fixed mounting of flashboard shell (3) has outer sleeve (4), the inner chamber movable mounting of outer sleeve (4) has piston (5), the one end fixed mounting of piston (5) has closed flashboard (6), the bottom fixed mounting of flashboard shell (3) has first mounting (7), the inner chamber fixed mounting of first mounting (7) has active layer (8), the bottom fixed mounting of first mounting (7) has second mounting (9), the inner chamber fixed mounting of second mounting (9) has filter layer (10), the inside fixed mounting of filter layer (10) has filter (11), separation plate (12) has been seted up on the bottom surface of filter layer (10), the inside fixed mounting of lower extreme of well shell (2) has dead lever (13), the inner chamber middle part fixed mounting of dead lever (13) has axostylus axostyle (14), the outside activity of axostylus axostyle (14) has cup jointed and has blockked arm (15), the one end fixed mounting who blocks arm (15) has warning arm (16), the bottom below fixed mounting of warning arm (16) has warning board (17) that are located the outside edge of well shell (2).

2. The auxiliary sealing device for the single ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of active layer (8) is fan-shaped, divide into two parts about, equal annular channel has been seted up to the inside of each part of active layer (8), and the passageway is forty-five degrees leanin, the inside activated carbon material that fills with of a part passageway of active layer (8), and the annular channel of not adorning activated carbon material and the annular channel that is equipped with activated carbon material are the staggered arrangement and distribute.

3. The auxiliary sealing device for the single ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the filter layer (10) is divided into two parts, each part is fan-shaped, an annular channel with the same size as that of the annular channel of the active layer (8) is formed in the filter layer (10), and the channel is inclined outwards at forty-five degrees.

4. The auxiliary sealing device for the single ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the filter plate (11) is positioned on the wall surface of a side channel of the internal annular channel of the filter layer (10), the surface of the filter plate (11) is provided with holes, and the hole diameter of the filter plate can allow solid particles of the gravel mud block to pass through.

5. The auxiliary sealing device for the single ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the separation plate (12) is located the bottom of filter layer (10) annular channel, and is adjacent with filter (11) place wall, the aperture has been seted up on the surface of separation plate (12), and its aperture only allows fluid to pass through, can't pass through gravel mud piece solid-state particulate matter.

6. The auxiliary sealing device for the single ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: one end edge of the barrier arm (15) is arc-shaped and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the drilling tool (1).

7. The auxiliary sealing device for the single ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the warning board (17) is in a ring shape, the inner cavity of the warning board is in a hollow state, and the surface of the warning board is made of iron.