CN113667511B - Crude oil treatment equipment for petroleum exploitation environmental protection - Google Patents
Crude oil treatment equipment for petroleum exploitation environmental protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN113667511B CN113667511B CN202111230256.8A CN202111230256A CN113667511B CN 113667511 B CN113667511 B CN 113667511B CN 202111230256 A CN202111230256 A CN 202111230256A CN 113667511 B CN113667511 B CN 113667511B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/04—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with chemical means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/02—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with electrical or magnetic means
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum treatment, in particular to crude oil treatment equipment for protecting petroleum exploitation environment. The technical problem is as follows: the scattered demulsifier and clear water distribution will affect the desalting efficiency of crude oil, and the scattered impurity distribution will make the crude oil content in the wastewater discharged at the later stage larger. The technical scheme is as follows: a crude oil processing device for protecting petroleum exploitation environment comprises a stirring component, a milk-breaking diluting component and the like; the top plate of the electrolysis cabin is fixedly connected with a demulsifier spray head. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the demulsification work is intensively carried out on the impurities in the crude oil and the clean water, and meanwhile, the clean water is timely supplemented to dilute the impurity content, so that the working efficiency of mutual matching of the demulsifier and the clean water is greatly improved, most of the impurities are concentrated in the central area of the bottom of the cabin, and a large amount of crude oil can be prevented from being mixed in the wastewater in the later-stage layered drainage work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum treatment, in particular to crude oil treatment equipment for protecting petroleum exploitation environment.
Background
Crude oil obtained after petroleum exploitation needs to be desalted and dehydrated firstly, and then dewaxed and reformed so as to facilitate long-distance transportation, wherein the crude oil desalting and dehydrating usually adopts an electrolysis method, namely, the crude oil is introduced into an electrolysis cabin, a demulsifier and water are added for electrolysis desalting, and then the desalted crude oil and water after electrolysis are layered and collected respectively.
In carrying out crude oil electrolysis desalination work, because need keep the stirring work to crude oil, when adding the demulsifier, the demulsifier will be broken up by the puddler of high-speed rotation, and part is easily flown to and the adhesion on the plate electrode by the demulsifier of breaing up, make the plate electrode receive the corruption of demulsifier, influence the life of plate electrode, in addition because the electrolysis under-deck space is great, the demulsifier is very little with the clear water that spouts into in the crude oil, demulsifier and clear water that are broken up by the puddler distribute in disorder, will can not effectually cooperate each other and carry out impurity dilution work, make the desalination work efficiency of crude oil can not further promote.
After the electrolytic desalting work of the crude oil is finished, after the crude oil is kept stand for a period of time, part of impurities enter a wastewater layer from the crude oil layer and are deposited at the bottom of the water, then a drain valve is opened to enable the wastewater to drive the impurities to flow out of the bilge and be collected, and then the rest of crude oil is collected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the crude oil desalting efficiency is influenced by the scattered demulsifier and clear water distribution and the discharged waste water has higher crude oil content due to the scattered impurities, the invention provides crude oil treatment equipment for protecting the petroleum exploitation environment.
The technical scheme is as follows: a crude oil treatment device for protecting petroleum exploitation environment comprises a stirring component, a milk-making dilution component, a central drainage component, an auxiliary drainage component, a cleaning component, a bottom valve component, an electrolysis cabin, a fixing plate, an oil conveying pipe, a clean water pipe, a demulsifier spray head and a liquid outlet pipe; the lower part of the electrolytic chamber is fixedly connected with a fixed plate; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is communicated with an oil delivery pipe; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is communicated with a clear water pipe; a demulsifier spray head is fixedly connected to the top plate of the electrolysis chamber; a liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the bottom plate of the electrolytic chamber; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is connected with a stirring component; the stirring component is rotationally connected with a milk-beating diluting component for diluting impurities; the clear water pipe is matched with the milking dilution component; a central drainage component for forming circulating fluid is fixedly connected to the top plate of the electrolytic tank; one side of the milking dilution component is fixedly connected with the central drainage component; the stirring component is positioned in the central drainage component, and the lower part of the stirring component is rotationally connected with the central drainage component; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is connected with an auxiliary drainage component which forms upper circulation to the crude oil; the auxiliary drainage component is fixedly connected with the stirring component; the interior of the electrolytic tank is rotatably connected with a cleaning assembly for preventing impurities from floating; the upper part of the cleaning component is fixedly connected with an auxiliary drainage component; the lower part of the cleaning component is connected with the central drainage component; a bottom valve component is fixedly connected to the fixing plate; the upper part of the bottom valve component is inserted with a liquid outlet pipe.
Preferably, the stirring assembly comprises a main motor, a first rotating shaft, a first fixing frame and a blade; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is fixedly connected with a main motor; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is rotationally connected with a first rotating shaft; the upper end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the main motor; the lower end of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the central drainage component; the first rotating shaft is connected with the milking dilution component; the lower end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a first fixing frame; three groups of blades are fixedly connected around the first fixing frame at equal intervals.
Preferably, the milking dilution component comprises a first water storage tank, a water inlet pipe, a metal pipeline, a second water storage tank, a support rod, a branch water pipe and a clear water nozzle; the central drainage component is fixedly connected with a first water storage tank; the first water storage tank is rotationally connected with the first rotating shaft; the top of the first water storage tank is communicated with a water inlet pipe; the clean water pipe is communicated with the water inlet pipe; the lower part of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a second water storage tank; a metal pipeline is communicated between the first water storage tank and the second water storage tank; three groups of supporting rods are fixedly connected around the outer ring wall of the second water storage tank at equal intervals; a group of branch water pipes is fixedly connected to each of the three groups of supporting rods; the three branch water pipes are communicated with the second water storage tank; at least one group of clear water spray heads is fixedly connected to each group of branch water pipes; the nozzles of each group of clear water spray heads are all inclined upwards.
Preferably, the inner side wall of each group of blades is provided with three grooves corresponding to the support rods.
Preferably, the central drainage component comprises a second fixing frame, an upper drainage cylinder, a lower drainage cylinder, a first conical cylinder, a filter plate and a second conical cylinder; two groups of second fixing frames are fixedly connected to the lower side of the top plate of the electrolytic tank; the second fixing frame positioned on one side is fixedly connected with the first water storage tank; an upper drainage tube is fixedly connected between the two groups of second fixing frames; the bottom of the upper drainage cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower drainage cylinder; the side wall of the middle part of the upper drainage tube and the side wall of the lower part of the lower drainage tube are both provided with water passing grooves; the outer side wall of the lower drainage tube is fixedly connected with a first conical tube; the first conical barrel is connected with the cleaning assembly; the inner wall of the first conical barrel is fixedly connected with a second conical barrel; a water through opening is reserved between the first conical barrel and the second conical barrel; the top of the first conical cylinder is fixedly connected with a filter plate; the filter plate is connected with the cleaning assembly, and filter holes on the filter plate are strip-shaped holes; the bottom plate of the second conical cylinder is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft.
Preferably, the auxiliary drainage assembly comprises a first straight gear, a second straight gear, a first annular sliding plate, a first toothed ring, a third fixing frame, a second rotating shaft, a torsion spring, a shifting plate and a tail plate; a first straight gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first rotating shaft; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is rotationally connected with a second straight gear through a rotating shaft; the first straight gear is meshed with the second straight gear; the top plate of the electrolytic chamber is rotationally connected with a first annular sliding plate; the first annular sliding plate is fixedly connected with the cleaning assembly; a first toothed ring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first annular sliding plate; the second spur gear is meshed with the first gear ring; the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the first annular sliding plate are respectively fixedly connected with two groups of third fixing frames; the inner side walls of the two groups of third fixing frames are respectively and rotatably connected with three groups of second rotating shafts; a group of torsion springs is fixedly connected between each group of second rotating shafts and the adjacent third fixing frames; each group of second rotating shafts is fixedly connected with a group of shifting plates; the upper part of each group of shifting plates is fixedly connected with a group of tail plates, and the shifting plates and the tail plates are provided with included angles.
Preferably, the cleaning assembly comprises a second gear ring, a third rotating shaft, a third spur gear, a fourth spur gear, a second annular sliding plate, a third gear ring and an elastic shifting plate; the outer side wall of the first annular sliding plate is fixedly connected with a second toothed ring; the top plate of the electrolytic tank is rotationally connected with a third rotating shaft; the lower end of the third rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the first conical cylinder; the upper end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a third straight gear; the third spur gear is meshed with the second gear ring; the lower end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a fourth straight gear; a second annular sliding plate is rotatably connected to the first conical barrel; the outer side wall of the second annular sliding plate is fixedly connected with a third gear ring; the fourth spur gear is meshed with the third gear ring; three groups of elastic shifting plates are fixedly connected to the second annular sliding plate; each group of elastic shifting plates is tightly attached to the filter plate.
Preferably, the bottom valve component comprises a lifting component, a bottom plug and a loading bucket; the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a lifting component; the upper part of the lifting component is fixedly connected with a bottom plug; the top of the bottom plug is fixedly connected with a loading hopper; the bottom plug and the loading bucket are inserted into the liquid outlet pipe; the side wall of the loading bucket is provided with a through hole corresponding to the side pipe in the liquid outlet pipe.
Preferably, the electrolytic cell further comprises a rotating assembly, the rotating assembly is arranged on a bottom plate of the electrolytic cell and comprises a fourth fixing frame, a cover plate, a fifth straight gear, a sixth straight gear, a third annular sliding plate and a fourth gear ring; a bottom plate of the electrolytic chamber is fixedly connected with a fourth fixing frame; the lower end of the first rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the fourth fixing frame; the lower end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a fifth straight gear; the upper side of the fourth fixed frame is rotationally connected with a sixth straight gear through a rotating shaft; the fifth straight gear is meshed with the sixth straight gear; a third annular sliding plate is rotatably connected to the fourth fixing frame; the upper surface of the third annular sliding plate is fixedly connected with a cover plate; a fourth gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the third annular sliding plate; the sixth spur gear meshes with the fourth toothed ring.
Preferably, the device further comprises an impurity collecting assembly, the outer side wall of the third annular sliding plate is fixedly connected with the impurity collecting assembly, and the impurity collecting assembly comprises a fifth fixing frame, an upper baffle, a lower baffle, a screw rod, a seventh straight gear, a sliding block, a push plate, an upper toothed plate and a lower toothed plate; the outer side wall of the third annular sliding plate is fixedly connected with four groups of fifth fixing frames; a group of upper baffles is fixedly connected to each of the fourth group of fifth fixing frames; a group of lower baffle plates are fixedly connected to the four groups of upper baffle plates; the insides of the four groups of lower baffles are respectively and rotatably connected with a group of screw rods; one ends of the four groups of screw rods, which are far away from the first rotating shaft, are fixedly connected with a group of seventh straight gears respectively; each of the four groups of screw rods is rotatably connected with a group of sliding blocks; the four groups of sliding blocks are respectively connected with the adjacent lower baffle plates in a sliding manner; a group of push plates is fixedly connected to each of the four groups of slide blocks; four groups of upper toothed plates are fixedly connected with the inner side wall surrounding the electrolytic tank at equal intervals; four groups of lower toothed plates are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the edge of the bottom plate surrounding the electrolytic chamber, and the seventh straight gear is respectively and intermittently meshed with the upper toothed plate and the lower toothed plate.
Has the advantages that:
the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages that,
the method aims to solve the technical problems that the crude oil desalting work efficiency is influenced by the scattered demulsifier and clear water distribution, and the crude oil content in the discharged wastewater is high due to the scattered impurities;
by arranging the central drainage component and the auxiliary drainage component, the newly added crude oil and the demulsifier are drained to the middle part of the electrolytic tank, the demulsification work is intensively carried out on the impurities in the crude oil and the clean water, and meanwhile, the clean water is timely supplemented to dilute the impurity content, so that the working efficiency of the mutual matching of the demulsifier and the clean water is greatly improved, the impurity removal rate is ensured, and the use efficiency of the demulsifier is improved;
through having set up impurity collection component, will follow the impurity interception of liquid come-up and block it in the cabin lower floor, make most miscellaneous impurity concentrate in the central zone of cabin bottom, in the layering drainage work of later stage, make impurity get rid of as early as possible, avoid sneaking into a large amount of crude oil in the waste water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the electrolytic tank of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the components of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a partial assembly diagram of the components of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the stirring assembly of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of the stirring assembly of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the creamer dilution assembly of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an auxiliary drainage assembly of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of the central drainage assembly of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the central drainage assembly of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the contaminant collection assembly of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic partial perspective view of a contaminant collection assembly according to the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the impurity collecting assembly of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1-an electrolytic chamber, 2-a fixing plate, 3-an oil pipeline, 4-a clean water pipeline, 5-an emulsion breaker nozzle, 6-a liquid outlet pipe, 101-a main motor, 102-a first rotating shaft, 103-a first fixing frame, 104-a paddle, 201-a first water storage tank, 202-a water inlet pipe, 203-a metal pipeline, 204-a second water storage tank, 205-a support rod, 206-a branch water pipe, 207-a clean water nozzle, 301-a second fixing frame, 302-an upper drainage cylinder, 303-a lower drainage cylinder, 304-a first conical cylinder, 305-a filter plate, 306-a second conical cylinder, 401-a first straight gear, 402-a second straight gear, 403-a first annular sliding plate, 404-a first toothed ring, 405-a third fixing frame and 406-a second rotating shaft, 407-torsion spring, 408-shifting plate, 409-tail plate, 501-second toothed ring, 502-third rotating shaft, 503-third spur gear, 504-fourth spur gear, 505-second annular sliding plate, 506-third toothed ring, 507-elastic shifting plate, 601-lifting component, 602-bottom plug, 603-loading bucket, 701-fourth fixing frame, 702-cover plate, 703-fifth spur gear, 704-sixth spur gear, 705-third annular sliding plate, 706-fourth toothed ring, 801-fifth fixing frame, 802-upper baffle, 803-lower baffle, 804-screw rod, 805-seventh spur gear, 806-sliding block, 807-push plate, 808-upper toothed plate and 809-lower toothed plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A crude oil treatment device for protecting petroleum exploitation environment is shown in figures 1-4 and comprises a stirring component, a milk-making dilution component, a central drainage component, an auxiliary drainage component, a cleaning component, a bottom valve component, an electrolytic tank 1, a fixing plate 2, an oil delivery pipe 3, a clean water pipe 4, a demulsifier spray head 5 and a liquid outlet pipe 6; the lower part of the electrolytic chamber 1 is fixedly connected with a fixed plate 2; an oil delivery pipe 3 is communicated with the top plate of the electrolysis chamber 1; the top plate of the electrolysis chamber 1 is communicated with a clear water pipe 4; a demulsifier spray head 5 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the electrolysis chamber 1; a liquid outlet pipe 6 is communicated with the bottom plate of the electrolytic chamber 1; the top plate of the electrolysis chamber 1 is connected with a stirring component; the stirring component is rotationally connected with a milking dilution component; the clear water pipe 4 is matched with the milking dilution component; the top plate of the electrolysis chamber 1 is connected with a central drainage component through a bolt; the left part of the milking dilution component is connected with the central drainage component through a bolt; the stirring component is positioned in the central drainage component, and the lower part of the stirring component is rotationally connected with the central drainage component; the top plate of the electrolysis chamber 1 is connected with an auxiliary drainage component; the auxiliary drainage component is fixedly connected with the stirring component; the interior of the electrolytic tank 1 is rotatably connected with a cleaning component; the upper part of the cleaning component is fixedly connected with an auxiliary drainage component; the lower part of the cleaning component is connected with the central drainage component; a bottom valve component is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 2; the upper part of the bottom valve component is inserted with a liquid outlet pipe 6.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 5 to 7, the stirring assembly includes a main motor 101, a first rotating shaft 102, a first fixing frame 103, and a paddle 104; the top plate of the electrolysis chamber 1 is connected with a main motor 101 through bolts; the top plate of the electrolytic tank 1 is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft 102; the upper end of the first rotating shaft 102 is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the motor 101; the lower end of the first rotating shaft 102 is rotatably connected with a central drainage component; the first rotating shaft 102 is connected with the milking dilution component; the lower end of the first rotating shaft 102 is fixedly connected with a first fixing frame 103; three groups of blades 104 are fixedly connected around the first fixing frame 103 at equal intervals.
Firstly, an oil conveying pipe 3 is communicated with a crude oil conveying pump, crude oil to be processed is conveyed into an electrolysis chamber 1 by the crude oil conveying pump, a demulsifier spray head 5 is communicated with demulsifier conveying equipment, demulsifiers are sprayed into the crude oil in the electrolysis chamber 1 in batches by the demulsifier conveying equipment, meanwhile, an output shaft of a main motor 101 drives a first rotating shaft 102 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 102 drives a first fixing frame 103 and a blade 104 to carry out rotary stirring work on the crude oil, and meanwhile, the electrolysis chamber 1 carries out electrolysis work on the crude oil.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 5-8, the emulsification diluting component comprises a first water tank 201, a water inlet pipe 202, a metal pipe 203, a second water tank 204, a support rod 205, a branch water pipe 206 and a clear water nozzle 207; the central drainage component is connected with a first water storage tank 201 through a bolt; the first water storage tank 201 is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft 102; the top of the first water storage tank 201 is communicated with a water inlet pipe 202; the clean water pipe 4 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 202; the lower part of the first rotating shaft 102 is rotatably connected with a second water storage tank 204; a metal pipeline 203 is communicated between the first water storage tank 201 and the second water storage tank 204; three groups of supporting rods 205 are fixedly connected around the outer ring wall of the second water storage tank 204 at equal intervals; a group of branch water pipes 206 are fixedly connected to the three groups of supporting rods 205 respectively; the three branch water pipes 206 are communicated with the second water storage tank 204; each group of branch water pipes 206 is fixedly connected with a group of clear water spray heads 207; the nozzles of each group of clear water spray heads 207 are all inclined upwards; the inner side wall of each group of blades 104 is provided with three grooves corresponding to the support rods 205.
As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 10-11, the central drainage assembly includes a second fixing frame 301, an upper drainage tube 302, a lower drainage tube 303, a first conical tube 304, a filter plate 305 and a second conical tube 306; two groups of second fixing frames 301 are connected to the lower side of the top plate of the electrolytic tank 1 through bolts; the second fixing frame 301 positioned on one side is connected with the first water storage tank 201 through bolts; an upper drainage cylinder 302 is connected between the two groups of second fixing frames 301 through bolts; the bottom of the upper drainage cylinder 302 is welded with a lower drainage cylinder 303; the side wall of the middle part of the upper drainage tube 302 and the side wall of the lower part of the lower drainage tube 303 are both provided with water passing grooves; the outer side wall of the lower drainage cylinder 303 is welded with a first conical cylinder 304; the first conical barrel 304 is connected with the cleaning assembly; a second conical barrel 306 is welded on the inner wall of the first conical barrel 304; a water through port is reserved between the first conical barrel 304 and the second conical barrel 306; the top of the first conical cylinder 304 is fixedly connected with a filter plate 305; the filter plate 305 is connected with a cleaning assembly, and filter holes on the filter plate 305 are strip-shaped holes; the bottom plate of the second cone 306 is rotatably connected to the first shaft 102.
When the paddle 104 is used for rotationally stirring the crude oil, the crude oil newly entering the electrolytic tank 1 from the output end of the oil pipeline 3 is sucked through the water passing groove on the upper drainage tube 302, flows into the middle vortex rotationally stirred by the paddle 104 and flows along the vortex to the lower part of the lower drainage tube 303, and then flows out from the space between the first conical tube 304 and the second conical tube 306, so that the crude oil forms internal flowing circulation.
The clean water pipe 4 is communicated with a clean water delivery pump machine, clean water is delivered into the first water storage tank 201 through the water inlet pipe 202 by the clean water delivery pump machine, water in the first water storage tank 201 enters the branch water pipe 206 through the metal pipeline 203 and the second water storage tank 204, when crude oil flows in an internal circulation mode, the demulsifier sprayed by the demulsifier spray head 5 enters the upper drainage cylinder 302 and flows downwards along with the crude oil, meanwhile, the demulsifier is concentrated in the upper drainage cylinder 302 and the lower drainage cylinder 303, emulsion breaking treatment is carried out on impurities in the crude oil, and the impurities in the crude oil are exposed and captured by water components in the crude oil.
When the demulsifier flows to the periphery of the second water storage tank 204, the crude oil and the water containing impurities around the second water storage tank 204 rotate along with the vortex stirred by the paddle 104, simultaneously, part of the crude oil and the water containing impurities flowing at high speed are tightly attached to the groove in the paddle 104 under the action of centrifugal force and collide with the supporting rod 205, so that the crude oil and the water containing impurities flowing at high speed are scattered, the clear water spray head 207 positioned on the supporting rod 205 sprays the clear water in the branch water pipe 206 into the mixed liquid of the scattered crude oil and the water in time, the clear water content in the liquid around the second water storage tank 204 is increased, the clear water can capture the impurities scattered from the crude oil more easily, the demulsification work is carried out on the impurities in the crude oil and the clear water in a centralized manner, meanwhile, the clear water is supplemented in time, so that the impurity content is diluted, the working efficiency of the mutual matching of the demulsifier and the clear water is greatly improved, the use efficiency of the demulsifier is improved while the impurity removal rate is ensured, and most of the demulsifier is used up in the upper drainage cylinder 302 and the lower drainage cylinder 303, so that the damage to the electrode plates on the inner wall of the electrolytic tank 1 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 9, the auxiliary drainage assembly includes a first spur gear 401, a second spur gear 402, a first annular sliding plate 403, a first toothed ring 404, a third fixed frame 405, a second rotating shaft 406, a torsion spring 407, a shifting plate 408 and a tail plate 409; a first straight gear 401 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first rotating shaft 102; the top plate of the electrolytic tank 1 is rotationally connected with a second straight gear 402 through a rotating shaft; the first spur gear 401 engages the second spur gear 402; the top plate of the electrolytic tank 1 is rotatably connected with a first annular sliding plate 403; the first annular sliding plate 403 is fixedly connected with a cleaning component; a first toothed ring 404 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first annular sliding plate 403; the second spur gear 402 engages the first toothed ring 404; the inner and outer side walls of the first annular sliding plate 403 are respectively fixedly connected with two groups of third fixing frames 405; the inner side walls of the two groups of third fixing frames 405 are respectively and rotatably connected with three groups of second rotating shafts 406; a group of torsion springs 407 are fixedly connected between each group of second rotating shafts 406 and the adjacent third fixing frame 405; each group of second rotating shafts 406 is fixedly connected with a group of shifting plates 408; a group of tail plates 409 are welded to the upper portion of each group of shifting plates 408, and included angles are formed between the shifting plates 408 and the tail plates 409.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 10-11, the cleaning assembly includes a second toothed ring 501, a third rotating shaft 502, a third spur gear 503, a fourth spur gear 504, a second annular sliding plate 505, a third toothed ring 506 and an elastic shifting plate 507; the outer side wall of the first annular sliding plate 403 is fixedly connected with a second gear ring 501; the top plate of the electrolytic tank 1 is rotatably connected with a third rotating shaft 502; the lower end of the third rotating shaft 502 is rotatably connected with the first conical barrel 304; a third spur gear 503 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the third rotating shaft 502; the third spur gear 503 engages the second ring gear 501; a fourth spur gear 504 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third rotating shaft 502; a second annular sliding plate 505 is rotatably connected to the first conical barrel 304; a third gear ring 506 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the second annular sliding plate 505; the fourth spur gear 504 engages the third toothed ring 506; three groups of elastic shifting plates 507 are fixedly connected to the second annular sliding plate 505, and each group of elastic shifting plates 507 are tightly attached to the filter plate 305.
The elastic pulling plate 507 used in this embodiment is an elastic sheet.
The first rotating shaft 102 drives the paddle 104 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 102 drives the first straight gear 401 to rotate, the first straight gear 401 is meshed with the second straight gear 402 and drives the second straight gear to rotate, the second straight gear 402 is meshed with the first toothed ring 404 to drive the first annular sliding plate 403 to circularly rotate along the top plate of the electrolytic tank 1, the first annular sliding plate 403 drives the third fixing frame 405 and the shifting plate 408 and the tail plate 409 connected with the third fixing frame to circularly rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft 102, so that the shifting plate 408 and the tail plate 409 which slowly rotate and move rotate are rotated and stirred to form a circle of weak vortex at the periphery of the upper drainage cylinder 302, crude oil which newly enters the electrolytic tank 1 from the output end of the oil conveying pipe 3 flows around the periphery of the upper drainage cylinder 302 along with the vortex, and is uniformly sucked into the upper drainage cylinder 302 by internal circulation fluid, so that the crude oil which newly enters the electrolytic tank 1 is uniformly combined with a demulsifier, further improving the use efficiency of the demulsifier.
Meanwhile, the tail plate 409 on the shifting plate 408 is pressed downwards by resistance in the liquid rotating process, so that the tail plate 409 drives the shifting plate 408 to rotate around the second rotating shaft 406, meanwhile, the torsion spring 407 is twisted, the inclined state of the shifting plate 408 and the tail plate 409 is rotated to the horizontal state, the stirring effect of the shifting plate 408 and the tail plate 409 on the liquid is weakened, the vortex stirred by the peripheral rotation of the upper drainage tube 302 is kept in a weak state, and the phenomenon that the bottom-sinking impurities are greatly upwards rotated due to the fact that the liquid on the peripheral of the upper drainage tube 302 flows too violently is avoided.
When the stirring plate 408 and the tail plate 409 stir the liquid, the rotating first annular sliding plate 403 drives the second gear ring 501 to engage with the third spur gear 503 and drive the third rotating shaft 502 to rotate, the third rotating shaft 502 drives the fourth spur gear 504 to rotate, the fourth spur gear 504 engages with the third gear ring 506 to drive the second annular sliding plate 505 to rotate along the first tapered cylinder 304, and simultaneously the second annular sliding plate 505 drives the elastic stirring plate 507 to rotate, when the elastic stirring plate 507 is clamped into a gap on the filter plate 305, the movable elastic stirring plate 507 is bent, when the elastic stirring plate 507 moves to the next gap of the filter plate 305, the bent elastic stirring plate 507 is knocked on the filter plate 305, so that the elastic stirring plate 507 is tightly attached to the gap on the filter plate 305 to perform repeated knocking action, impurities mixed in the gap of the filter plate 305 are shaken off, and the shaken off impurities move downwards along with the fluid flowing out from the first tapered cylinder 304 to the second tapered cylinder 306, since the middle vortex stirred by the rotation of the paddle 104 is weakened by the first and second conical barrels 304 and 306, the shaken-off foreign substances are finally deposited downward in the central region of the bottom of the chamber.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 10 to 11, the bottom valve assembly includes a lifting member 601, a bottom plug 602 and a loading bucket 603; the fixed plate 2 is fixedly connected with a lifting component 601; a bottom plug 602 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the lifting component 601; the top of the bottom plug 602 is fixedly connected with a loading hopper 603; the bottom plug 602 and the loading bucket 603 are inserted into the liquid outlet pipe 6; the side wall of the loading bucket 603 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the side pipe in the liquid outlet pipe 6.
The side pipe in the drain pipe 6 is externally connected to a wastewater storage tank, finally, after the output shaft of the main motor 101 stops driving the first rotating shaft 102 to work, a layering phenomenon appears after crude oil and wastewater are stood still, crude oil which completes dehydration and desalination work is on the upper layer, wastewater containing impurities is on the lower layer, most of the impurities in the middle area of the bottom of the cabin sink into the carrying bucket 603, then the lifting part 601 drives the bottom plug 602 and the carrying bucket 603 to move downwards, the through hole in the carrying bucket 603 is aligned with the side pipe in the drain pipe 6, the wastewater drives the impurities to be discharged into the wastewater storage tank, and most of the impurities are collected in the carrying bucket 603, so that the rapid impurity removal work is realized, the working hours for discharging the wastewater are reduced, the crude oil content in the wastewater is reduced, and the purpose of environmental protection is achieved.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 10 to fig. 11, the electrolytic tank further comprises a rotating assembly, the rotating assembly is arranged on the bottom plate of the electrolytic tank 1, and the rotating assembly comprises a fourth fixing frame 701, a cover plate 702, a fifth spur gear 703, a sixth spur gear 704, a third annular sliding plate 705 and a fourth toothed ring 706; a fourth fixing frame 701 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the electrolytic tank 1; the cover plate 702 is fixed on the upper surface of the third annular sliding plate 705, and seals the internal parts to prevent corrosion. The lower end of the first rotating shaft 102 is rotatably connected with the fourth fixing frame 701; a fifth spur gear 703 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotating shaft 102; a sixth spur gear 704 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the fourth fixing frame 701 through a rotating shaft; the fifth spur gear 703 engages the sixth spur gear 704; a third annular sliding plate 705 is rotatably connected to the fourth fixing frame 701; a cover plate 702 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the third annular sliding plate 705; a fourth gear ring 706 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the third annular sliding plate 705; the sixth spur gear 704 engages a fourth toothed ring 706.
As shown in fig. 11 to 14, the outer side wall of the third annular sliding plate 705 is fixedly connected with a impurity collecting assembly, and the impurity collecting assembly includes a fifth fixing frame 801, an upper baffle 802, a lower baffle 803, a screw rod 804, a seventh spur gear 805, a sliding block 806, a push plate 807, an upper toothed plate 808 and a lower toothed plate 809; the outer side wall of the third annular sliding plate 705 is fixedly connected with four groups of fifth fixing frames 801; a group of upper baffles 802 are fixedly connected to the four groups of fifth fixing frames 801; a group of lower baffle 803 is welded on each of the four groups of upper baffles 802; a group of screw rods 804 are rotatably connected inside the four groups of lower baffles 803; one end of the four groups of screw rods 804 far away from the first rotating shaft 102 is fixedly connected with a group of seventh straight gears 805; a group of sliding blocks 806 are respectively screwed on the four groups of screw rods 804; four sets of sliders 806 are respectively slidably connected to the adjacent lower baffles 803; a group of push plates 807 is fixedly connected to each of the four groups of slide blocks 806; four groups of upper toothed plates 808 are fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the electrolytic cell 1 at equal intervals; four groups of lower toothed plates 809 are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the edge of the bottom plate of the electrolytic tank 1, and the seventh spur gear 805 is respectively and intermittently meshed with the upper toothed plate 808 and the lower toothed plates 809.
The first rotating shaft 102 rotates the driving paddle 104, the first rotating shaft 102 drives the fifth spur gear 703 to rotate, the fifth spur gear 703 engages the sixth spur gear 704 and drives it to rotate, at the same time, the sixth spur gear 704 engages the fourth toothed ring 706 and drives the third annular sliding plate 705 and the cover plate 702 to rotate along the fourth fixed frame 701, so that the third annular sliding plate 705 drives the fifth fixed frame 801 to rotate, at the same time, the fifth fixed frame 801 drives the upper baffle 802 and the lower baffle 803 to rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft 102, so that the moving upper baffle 802 and the lower baffle 803 capture impurities deposited at the bottom of the electrolytic tank 1 and stirred by fluid, so that the impurities are collected between the upper baffle 802 and the lower baffle 803, when the seventh spur gear 805 passes through the lower toothed plate 809, the seventh spur gear 805 engages the lower toothed plate 809 to drive the screw rod 804 to drive the sliding block 806 to drive the push plate 806 to move along the lower baffle 603 to the bucket loading direction, the collected impurities are pushed to the loading hopper 603, and when the seventh spur gear 805 passes through the upper toothed plate 808, the seventh spur gear 805 is meshed with the upper toothed plate 808 to drive the screw rod 804 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the screw rod 804 drives the sliding block 806 to drive the push plate 807 to reset along the lower baffle 803, and more impurities are collected in the loading hopper 603.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A crude oil treatment device for protecting the petroleum exploitation environment comprises an electrolytic tank (1), a fixing plate (2), an oil delivery pipe (3), a clear water pipe (4), a demulsifier nozzle (5) and a liquid outlet pipe (6); the lower part of the electrolytic tank (1) is fixedly connected with a fixed plate (2); an oil delivery pipe (3) is communicated with the top plate of the electrolysis cabin (1); the top plate of the electrolysis cabin (1) is communicated with a clear water pipe (4); a demulsifier nozzle (5) is fixedly connected to the top plate of the electrolysis chamber (1); a liquid outlet pipe (6) is communicated with the bottom plate of the electrolytic tank (1); the device is characterized by also comprising a stirring component, a milking dilution component, a central drainage component, an auxiliary drainage component, a cleaning component and a bottom valve component; the top plate of the electrolysis cabin (1) is connected with a stirring component; the stirring component is rotationally connected with a milk-beating diluting component for diluting impurities; the clear water pipe (4) is matched with the milking and diluting component; a central drainage component for forming circulating fluid is fixedly connected to the top plate of the electrolytic tank (1); one side of the milking dilution component is fixedly connected with the central drainage component; the stirring component is positioned in the central drainage component, and the lower part of the stirring component is rotationally connected with the central drainage component; the top plate of the electrolysis chamber (1) is connected with an auxiliary drainage component which forms upper circulation to crude oil; the auxiliary drainage component is fixedly connected with the stirring component; the interior of the electrolytic tank (1) is rotatably connected with a cleaning component for preventing impurities from floating upwards; the upper part of the cleaning component is fixedly connected with an auxiliary drainage component; the lower part of the cleaning component is connected with the central drainage component; a bottom valve component is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (2); the upper part of the bottom valve component is inserted with a liquid outlet pipe (6).
2. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 1, wherein the stirring assembly comprises a main motor (101), a first rotating shaft (102), a first fixing frame (103) and a paddle (104); the top plate of the electrolytic tank (1) is fixedly connected with a main motor (101); the top plate of the electrolytic tank (1) is rotationally connected with a first rotating shaft (102); the upper end of the first rotating shaft (102) is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of a main motor (101); the lower end of the first rotating shaft (102) is rotatably connected with the central drainage component; the first rotating shaft (102) is connected with the milking dilution component; the lower end of the first rotating shaft (102) is fixedly connected with a first fixing frame (103); three groups of blades (104) are fixedly connected around the first fixing frame (103) at equal intervals.
3. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 2, wherein the emulsifying and diluting component comprises a first water storage tank (201), a water inlet pipe (202), a metal pipeline (203), a second water storage tank (204), a support rod (205), a branch water pipe (206) and a clean water spray head (207); a first water storage tank (201) is fixedly connected to the central drainage component; the first water storage tank (201) is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft (102); the top of the first water storage tank (201) is communicated with a water inlet pipe (202); the clear water pipe (4) is communicated with the water inlet pipe (202); the lower part of the first rotating shaft (102) is rotatably connected with a second water storage tank (204); a metal pipeline (203) is communicated between the first water storage tank (201) and the second water storage tank (204); three groups of supporting rods (205) are fixedly connected around the outer ring wall of the second water storage tank (204) at equal intervals; a group of branch water pipes (206) are fixedly connected to the three groups of supporting rods (205); the three branch water pipes (206) are communicated with the second water storage tank (204); at least one group of clear water spray heads (207) is fixedly connected to each group of branch water pipes (206); the spray nozzles of each group of clear water spray heads (207) are all inclined upwards.
4. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 3, wherein the inner side wall of each group of blades (104) is provided with three grooves corresponding to the support rods (205).
5. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 3, wherein the central drainage assembly comprises a second fixing frame (301), an upper drainage cylinder (302), a lower drainage cylinder (303), a first conical cylinder (304), a filter plate (305) and a second conical cylinder (306); two groups of second fixing frames (301) are fixedly connected to the lower side of the top plate of the electrolytic tank (1); the second fixing frame (301) positioned on one side is fixedly connected with the first water storage tank (201); an upper drainage tube (302) is fixedly connected between the two groups of second fixing frames (301); the bottom of the upper drainage tube (302) is fixedly connected with a lower drainage tube (303); the side wall of the middle part of the upper drainage tube (302) and the side wall of the lower part of the lower drainage tube (303) are both provided with a water passing groove; the outer side wall of the lower drainage tube (303) is fixedly connected with a first conical tube (304); the first conical barrel (304) is connected with the cleaning assembly; a second conical barrel (306) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first conical barrel (304); a water opening is reserved between the first conical barrel (304) and the second conical barrel (306); the top of the first conical cylinder (304) is fixedly connected with a filter plate (305); the filter plate (305) is connected with the cleaning component, and filter holes on the filter plate (305) are strip-shaped holes; the bottom plate of the second cone-shaped cylinder (306) is rotationally connected with the first rotating shaft (102).
6. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary drainage assembly comprises a first straight gear (401), a second straight gear (402), a first annular sliding plate (403), a first gear ring (404), a third fixing frame (405), a second rotating shaft (406), a torsion spring (407), a shifting plate (408) and a tail plate (409); a first straight gear (401) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first rotating shaft (102); the top plate of the electrolytic tank (1) is rotationally connected with a second straight gear (402) through a rotating shaft; the first spur gear (401) is meshed with the second spur gear (402); the top plate of the electrolytic tank (1) is rotationally connected with a first annular sliding plate (403); the first annular sliding plate (403) is fixedly connected with the cleaning component; a first toothed ring (404) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first annular sliding plate (403); the second spur gear (402) engages the first toothed ring (404); the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the first annular sliding plate (403) are respectively fixedly connected with two groups of third fixing frames (405); the inner side walls of the two groups of third fixing frames (405) are respectively and rotatably connected with three groups of second rotating shafts (406); a group of torsion springs (407) are fixedly connected between each group of second rotating shafts (406) and the adjacent third fixing frame (405); each group of second rotating shafts (406) is fixedly connected with a group of shifting plates (408); the upper part of each group of shifting plates (408) is fixedly connected with a group of tail plates (409), and the shifting plates 408 and the tail plates 409 form included angles.
7. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 6, wherein the cleaning assembly comprises a second toothed ring (501), a third rotating shaft (502), a third spur gear (503), a fourth spur gear (504), a second annular sliding plate (505), a third toothed ring (506) and an elastic shifting plate (507); the outer side wall of the first annular sliding plate (403) is fixedly connected with a second toothed ring (501); the top plate of the electrolytic tank (1) is rotationally connected with a third rotating shaft (502); the lower end of the third rotating shaft (502) is rotationally connected with the first conical barrel (304); a third spur gear (503) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the third rotating shaft (502); the third spur gear (503) is meshed with the second toothed ring (501); a fourth spur gear (504) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third rotating shaft (502); a second annular sliding plate (505) is rotatably connected to the first conical barrel (304); a third gear ring (506) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the second annular sliding plate (505); the fourth spur gear (504) engages the third toothed ring (506); three groups of elastic shifting plates (507) are fixedly connected to the second annular sliding plate (505); each group of elastic shifting plates (507) is tightly attached to the filter plate (305).
8. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting oil exploitation environment according to claim 7, wherein the bottom valve assembly comprises a lifting member (601), a bottom plug (602) and a loading bucket (603); a lifting component (601) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (2); a bottom plug (602) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the lifting component (601); the top of the bottom plug (602) is fixedly connected with a loading hopper (603); the bottom plug (602) and the loading bucket (603) are inserted into the liquid outlet pipe (6); the side wall of the loading bucket (603) is provided with a through hole corresponding to the side pipe in the liquid outlet pipe (6).
9. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 8, further comprising a rotating assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is arranged on a bottom plate of the electrolytic tank (1), and comprises a fourth fixing frame (701), a cover plate (702), a fifth spur gear (703), a sixth spur gear (704), a third annular sliding plate (705) and a fourth toothed ring (706); a fourth fixing frame (701) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the electrolytic tank (1); the lower end of the first rotating shaft (102) is rotationally connected with the fourth fixing frame (701); a fifth straight gear (703) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotating shaft (102); the upper side of the fourth fixing frame (701) is rotatably connected with a sixth straight gear (704) through a rotating shaft; the fifth spur gear (703) is meshed with the sixth spur gear (704); a third annular sliding plate (705) is rotatably connected to the fourth fixing frame (701); the upper surface of the third annular sliding plate (705) is fixedly connected with a cover plate (702); a fourth gear ring (706) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the third annular sliding plate (705); the sixth spur gear (704) engages the fourth ring gear (706).
10. The crude oil processing equipment for protecting the oil exploitation environment according to claim 9, further comprising an impurity collecting assembly, wherein the impurity collecting assembly is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the third annular sliding plate (705), and comprises a fifth fixing frame (801), an upper baffle (802), a lower baffle (803), a screw rod (804), a seventh spur gear (805), a sliding block (806), a push plate (807), an upper toothed plate (808) and a lower toothed plate (809); the outer side wall of the third annular sliding plate (705) is fixedly connected with four groups of fifth fixing frames (801); a group of upper baffles (802) are fixedly connected to the four groups of fifth fixing frames (801); a group of lower baffle plates (803) are fixedly connected to the four groups of upper baffle plates (802); a group of screw rods (804) are respectively and rotatably connected inside the four groups of lower baffles (803); one ends of the four groups of screw rods (804) far away from the first rotating shaft (102) are respectively fixedly connected with a group of seventh straight gears (805); a group of sliding blocks (806) are respectively screwed on the four groups of screw rods (804); four groups of sliding blocks (806) are respectively connected with the adjacent lower baffle plates (803) in a sliding manner; a group of push plates (807) are fixedly connected to the four groups of sliding blocks (806); four groups of upper toothed plates (808) are fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the electrolytic tank (1) at equal intervals; four groups of lower toothed plates (809) are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the edge of the bottom plate of the electrolytic tank (1), and the seventh straight gear (805) is respectively and intermittently meshed with the upper toothed plate (808) and the lower toothed plate (809).
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| CN104804762A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-29 | 华东理工大学 | Method for crude oil recovery through demulsification/dehydration of crude oil tank mechanical washing and clean-up oil |
| CN110317634A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-11 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of processing system and method for crude oil dewatering and desalting |
| CN214361189U (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-10-08 | 河北布洛林机电设备有限公司 | Crude oil dehydration device for oil exploitation |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104804762A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-29 | 华东理工大学 | Method for crude oil recovery through demulsification/dehydration of crude oil tank mechanical washing and clean-up oil |
| CN110317634A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-11 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of processing system and method for crude oil dewatering and desalting |
| CN214361189U (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-10-08 | 河北布洛林机电设备有限公司 | Crude oil dehydration device for oil exploitation |
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