CN113667468B

CN113667468B - Thermochromic material, light adjusting film and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113667468B
Application number: CN202110930783.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余力; 彭德松; 梁文平
Original assignee: Guangzhou Zhongda New Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Zhongda New Material Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-13
Filing date: 2021-08-13
Publication date: 2022-07-01
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-13
Also published as: CN113667468A

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermochromic material, a light adjusting film, a preparation method and application thereof. The light adjusting film comprises a thermochromic layer, an upper conversion layer and a reflecting layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the thermochromic layer contains a thermochromic composition, and the upper conversion layer contains Ce_xY_y Cs_zW_mO₃Wherein x: y: z: m is 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.1-0.5: 1. according to the invention, through the combined action of the thermochromic layer, the upper conversion layer and the reflecting layer, infrared rays are converted into visible light while spectrum is selectively absorbed, transmitted and reflected, and finally sunlight is blocked through the thermochromic layer, so that the intelligent curtain has the effect of intelligent curtain, and the purposes of heat insulation and energy conservation are really achieved.

Description

Thermochromic material, light adjusting film and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical materials, in particular to a thermochromic material, a light adjusting film, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

With the development of society, the ecological problem becomes more and more serious, and the importance of protecting the environment and saving energy has been paid more and more attention and attention. The energy consumption of the door and window glass accounts for 50% of the energy consumption of the building, wherein the energy-saving glass can block heat in sunlight and reduce energy consumption brought by stabilizing indoor cold and hot environments. In order to improve the energy utilization rate, prevent the temperature rise of the inner sides of doors and windows of buildings and reduce the power consumption of indoor air conditioners, the door and window glass is required to effectively block infrared rays which bring heat in sunlight. Generally, low-e glass, solar control coated glass, coated or laminated glass, and the like are used as the glass. The Low-e glass is a film product formed by plating a plurality of layers of metal and other compounds on the surface of the glass, the plated metal film layer is usually an Ag layer, and the film layer has the characteristics of high visible light transmittance and high near infrared ray reflection, so that the Low-e glass has an excellent heat insulation effect. However, off-line Low-e glass needs to be made into hollow or vacuum glass, and the periphery of the film layer is generally required to be subjected to membrane shoveling treatment. The solar control coated glass adopts a plurality of metal coatings, which is easy to cause light pollution.

In recent years, nanoceramic films mainly used for coating have appeared, and in the related art, a heat insulation film is formed by coating the surface of white glass with nano metal oxide materials ITO and ATO, which have the functions of near-infrared reflection and absorption. In the related technology, tin dioxide doped with tungsten, cerium and antimony is mixed with EVA resin to prepare an adhesive film, and the adhesive film is used for blocking ultraviolet rays and infrared rays. In other related technology, a sputtering layer is sputtered on a PET layer, then a tungsten trioxide heat insulation layer is coated, then a PET layer is compounded, a mounting layer consisting of polyacrylate resin and an ultraviolet absorbent is coated, and finally a polyester film layer subjected to surface treatment is compounded. The heat insulation film layer has excellent visible light transmittance and infrared and ultraviolet blocking rates. There is also a related art in which infrared blocking material dispersion is mixed with PVB, so that the film can absorb and reflect infrared rays well while having high visible light transmittance. The above technologies have a heat insulation effect because the film layer has a certain reflectivity or absorbability to infrared rays, and most of the technologies mainly absorb near infrared rays, which easily causes the heat absorbed on the glass surface to reach saturation to cause secondary heat transfer, and thus cannot play a heat insulation role.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a thermochromic material which can change color when being heated, reduce light transmittance and effectively shield sunlight.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides a light modulation film which can enable visible light to penetrate through and effectively prevent infrared rays from entering a room through glass, particularly can effectively prevent heat from entering in hot summer, reduces energy consumption brought by stabilizing an indoor cold and hot environment and achieves the purpose of energy conservation.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method and application of the thermochromic material and the light adjusting film.

Specifically, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the first aspect of the present invention provides a thermochromic material containing a copper chelate compound and a hydroxyl group-containing polymer, the hydroxyl group-containing polymer coating the copper chelate compound.

According to the thermochromic material provided by the first aspect of the invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved:

the inventors found that a material obtained by coating a copper chelate with a hydroxyl group-containing polymer with the copper chelate as a content was a transparent material. Upon temperature rise, for example, due to heat generated by sunlight, copper ions in the copper chelate complex react with hydroxyl groups in the polymer to produce a deep blue colored Cu (OH)₂The gel cluster changes the state and color of the film layer, thereby causing the reduction of light transmittance, effectively shielding sunlight and achieving the purpose of weakening light. When the intensity of sunlight is weakened, the thermochromic material restores the state before color change.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the hydroxyl group-containing polymer to the copper chelate is 5 to 30: 1, for example, 5 to 20: 1. 5-15: 1. 5-10: 1. 10-30: 1. 15-30: 1. 10-20: 1. 15-20: 1, etc.

In some embodiments of the invention, the hydroxyl containing polymer has a molecular weight of 200 to 2000.

In some embodiments of the invention, the hydroxyl containing polymer comprises any one or a combination of polyethylene glycol, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, polyglycerol, starch, preferably polyethylene glycol.

In some embodiments of the invention, the copper chelate comprises any one or a combination of more of copper citrate chelate, copper alanine chelate, copper glutamate chelate, EDTA-Cu, preferably copper citrate chelate.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the thermochromic material, comprising the steps of: and dispersing the copper chelate in a solvent to obtain a copper chelate dispersion, and then mixing the copper chelate dispersion with a hydroxyl-containing polymer to obtain the thermochromic material. The solvent comprises 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) and any one or more combination of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC), dicyclopentadiene ethoxy methacrylate and acryloyl morpholine.

During the dispersion of the copper chelate compound in the solvent, a dispersant may be optionally added. The dispersant may be a general dispersant such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polymetaphosphate or the like, preferably polyvinylpyrrolidone. The molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 40000-60000. The addition amount of the dispersant is 10-50% of the mass of the copper chelate.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the copper chelate complex dispersion liquid has a mass concentration of copper chelate complex of 1% to 10%.

In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a thermochromic composition containing the above thermochromic material.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the starting materials for the thermochromic composition include:

elastomeric material

A dispersion of the thermochromic material

Crosslinking agent

Coupling agent

And (4) an auxiliary agent.

The thermochromic material, the elastomer material and various auxiliaries are prepared into a composition which can be used for preparing a film with a thermochromic function. Wherein the thermochromic material is added to the composition in the form of a dispersion to facilitate hydrolysis and alcoholysis of copper ions with hydroxyl groups therein.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermochromic composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

100 parts of elastomer material

0.1-10 parts of dispersion liquid of thermochromic material

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-1.5 parts of an auxiliary agent.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the auxiliary agent comprises one or a combination of several of an ultraviolet light absorber, a light stabilizer and an antioxidant, and preferably comprises a combination of an ultraviolet light absorber, a light stabilizer and an antioxidant.

100 parts of elastomer material

0.1-10 parts of dispersion liquid of thermochromic material

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1 to 0.5 part of ultraviolet absorber

0.01-0.3 part of light stabilizer

0.01-0.3 part of antioxidant.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermochromic composition includes an elastomeric material having a melt index of 20 to 50g/10min (190 ℃/2.16 kg).

In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastomeric material comprises any one or a combination of several of EVA, SBS, POE, SIS, hydrogenated SIS, TPU, PP, preferably EVA. The EVA can be selected from one or more of Nissan Mitsui EVA-150, Korea 282PV, Singapore TPC KA-40, Singapore TPC KA-10, and Korea LG 28025.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermochromic material is present in the dispersion at a concentration of 15% to 40% by mass.

The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the thermochromic composition, comprising the steps of: and mixing the elastomer material, the dispersion liquid of the thermochromic material, the crosslinking agent, the coupling agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain the thermochromic composition.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further comprises the step of freezing and crushing the elastomer material before mixing the elastomer material with other raw materials. The freezing temperature is-50 to-30 ℃. After crushing, the particle size of the elastomer material is 100-500 meshes, preferably 100-350 meshes.

More specifically, the preparation method of the thermochromic composition comprises the following steps:

mixing a copper chelate with a solvent (adding a dispersing agent according to the situation), and dispersing for 10-30 min by using ultrasound (with the frequency of 800-3000 Hz) to obtain a copper chelate dispersion liquid;

mixing a hydroxyl-containing polymer with the copper chelate dispersion liquid, and stirring to obtain a dispersion liquid of the thermochromic material;

freezing the elastomer material at-50 to-30 ℃, crushing the elastomer material to 100 to 350 meshes, then mixing the elastomer material with the dispersion liquid of the thermochromic material, the cross-linking agent, the coupling agent and the auxiliary agent, stirring and drying to obtain the thermochromic composition. The stirring time is 5-30 min, and the drying temperature is 40-60 ℃.

In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a heat insulating material comprising the above thermochromic composition.

A sixth aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above thermochromic composition for the manufacture of laminated glass.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is to provide a light-adjusting film comprising a thermochromic layer containing the above thermochromic composition, an upconverting layer containing Ce, and a reflective layer laminated in this order_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Wherein x: y: z: m is 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.1-0.5: 1, preferably x: y:z: m is 0.001 to 0.1: 0.001-0.05: 0.1-0.4: 1, more preferably x: y: z: m is 0.001 to 0.05: 0.001-0.03: 0.33: 1.

the light adjusting film according to the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects:

the light modulation film disclosed by the invention consists of the thermochromic layer, the up-conversion layer and the reflecting layer, wherein the reflecting layer can reflect sunlight, so that the transmission of the sunlight in the light modulation film is reduced preliminarily. Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃I.e. Ce, Y codoped with Cs_zW_mO₃The nano ceramic material can absorb near infrared rays, has an up-conversion function and converts infrared rays with longer wavelength, particularly near infrared rays, into visible light with shorter wavelength. Therefore, part of the infrared rays in the residual light rays which are not reflected are absorbed by the up-conversion layer or are converted into visible light, so that the transmittance of the infrared rays in the light modulation film is reduced, the heat insulation is further realized, and the transmission of the visible light can be enhanced. Finally, the light rays which are not reflected, absorbed or converted reach the thermochromic layer, so that the temperature of the thermochromic layer is increased, and then the color is changed, so that the light transmittance of the thermochromic layer is reduced, and visible light and infrared rays are shielded; when the sunlight intensity is weakened, the thermochromic layer returns to a transparent and refreshing state. Therefore, through the combined action of the thermochromic layer, the upper conversion layer and the reflecting layer, the spectrum is fully selectively absorbed, transmitted and reflected, infrared rays are converted into visible light, and finally sunlight is blocked through the thermochromic layer, so that the intelligent curtain has the effect of intelligent curtain, and the purposes of heat insulation and energy conservation are really achieved.

The invention also provides another light modulation film, which comprises a thermochromic layer and an up-conversion layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the thermochromic layer contains the thermochromic composition, and the up-conversion layer contains Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Wherein x: y: z: m is 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.1-0.5: 1, preferably x: y: z: m is 0.001 to 0.1: 0.001-0.05: 0.1-0.4: 1, more preferably x: y: z: m is 0.001 to 0.05: 0.001-0.03: 0.33: 1.

or the light adjusting film comprises a thermochromic layer and a reflecting layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the thermochromic layer contains the thermochromic composition.

In some embodiments of the invention, the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The D50 of (a) is 20 to 80nm, preferably 30 to 60nm, more preferably 40 to 50 nm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing tungsten salt and cesium salt for reaction, and then mixing the tungsten salt and the cesium salt with cerium salt and yttrium salt for reaction to obtain a precursor; calcining the precursor to obtain Ce and Y codoped Cs_zW_mO₃Nano-ceramic materials, i.e. Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃。

In some embodiments of the invention, the tungsten salt, cesium salt, cerium salt, and yttrium salt are mixed in the form of a solution, and the reaction temperature of the tungsten salt and cesium salt, and the reaction temperature after mixing with the cerium salt and yttrium salt, is no higher than the boiling point of the solvent used to dissolve the tungsten salt, cesium salt, cerium salt, and yttrium salt. The solvent includes water, small molecule alcohol solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol), etc. For example, when water is used as a solvent, the reaction temperature of the tungsten salt and the cesium salt and the reaction temperature after mixing with the cerium salt and the yttrium salt are independently 60 to 100 ℃; when ethanol is used as a solvent, the reaction temperature of the tungsten salt and the cesium salt and the reaction temperature after the tungsten salt and the cesium salt are mixed with the cerium salt and the yttrium salt are independently 60-78 ℃, and preferably 70-78 ℃. To avoid hydrolysis of the tungsten, cesium, cerium and yttrium salts, the solvent is preferably a small alcohol solvent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the calcination is 400 to 800 ℃, preferably 400 to 600 ℃; the calcination time is 2 to 5 hours, preferably 3 to 5 hours. And introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen in the calcining process, wherein the volume flow ratio of the nitrogen to the hydrogen is 2-5: 1.

in some embodiments of the invention, the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: adding cesium salt solution into tungsten salt solutionIn the solution, reacting to obtain a mixed solution; then mixing a cerium salt solution and an yttrium salt solution with the mixed solution, and reacting to obtain a precursor; calcining the precursor to obtain Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃。

More specifically, the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The preparation method comprises the following steps: refluxing and stirring the tungsten salt solution for 1-10 hours, slowly dripping the cesium salt solution into the tungsten salt solution at the speed of 1-5 drops/second while keeping the reflux and stirring, dripping the cerium salt solution and the yttrium salt solution simultaneously and keeping the speed at 1-3 drops/second after the cesium salt solution is dripped, and continuing heating, refluxing and stirring for 1-10 hours after the cerium salt solution and the yttrium salt solution are dripped; then cooling to room temperature and standing and aging for 10-30 hours to obtain sol; distilling the sol under reduced pressure until a transparent wet gel is obtained, drying and crushing to obtain precursor powder; calcining the precursor powder at 400-800 ℃ (preferably 400-600 ℃) for 2-5 hours (preferably 3-5 hours), introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the nitrogen flow is 0.2-1L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.1-0.6L/min, and obtaining Ce after calcination_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃. The reflux temperature, i.e. the reaction temperature of the tungsten salt and the cesium salt and the reaction temperature after mixing with the cerium salt and the yttrium salt, is not higher than the boiling point of the solvent of the cesium salt solution, the tungsten salt solution, the cerium salt solution and the yttrium salt solution.

In some embodiments of the invention, the tungsten salt comprises any one or more of tungsten hexachloride, tungsten trichloride, tungsten pentachloride, sodium tungstate, potassium tungstate, ammonium tungstate, and hydrates of these tungsten salts, preferably tungsten hexachloride or hydrates thereof. The cesium salt includes any one or more of cesium chloride, cesium nitrate, cesium fluoride, cesium sulfate, cesium carbonate, and hydrates of these cesium salts, and preferably includes cesium chloride or hydrates thereof. The cerium salt includes any one or more of cerium nitrate, cerium sulfate, cerium chloride and hydrates of these cerium salts, and preferably includes cerium nitrate or hydrates thereof. The yttrium salt comprises any one or more of yttrium nitrate, yttrium sulfate, yttrium chloride and hydrates of these yttrium salts, preferably comprises yttrium nitrate or hydrates thereof.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cerium salt, yttrium salt, cesium salt and tungsten salt have a molar ratio of cerium, yttrium, cesium and tungsten of 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.0005 to 0.1: 0.1-0.5: 1, preferably 0.001 to 0.1: 0.001-0.05: 0.1-0.4: 1, more preferably 0.001 to 0.05: 0.001-0.03: 0.33: 1.

in some embodiments of the present invention, the upconversion layer is formed from an upconversion composition comprising, as raw materials:

elastomeric material

Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃

Crosslinking agent

Coupling agent

And (4) an auxiliary agent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the upconversion composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

100 parts of elastomer material

Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃0.05 to 0.75 portion

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-1.5 parts of an auxiliary agent.

100 parts of elastomer material

Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃0.05 to 0.75 portion

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-0.5 part of ultraviolet absorber

0.01-0.3 part of light stabilizer

0.01-0.3 part of antioxidant.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the melt index of the elastomeric material in the starting materials of the upconverting composition is lower than that of the thermochromic composition, in particular 1 to 10g/10min (190 ℃/2.16 kg). The melt index of the elastomer material used by the up-conversion layer is lower than that of the thermochromic layer, and the hardness of the elastomer material can be higher, so that the raw materials of the up-conversion layer and the thermochromic layer can be prevented from being mixed together, and the phenomenon that the elastomer material is difficult to layer is avoided.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the raw material of the upconversion composition, the elastomeric material comprises any one or a combination of EVA, SBS, POE, SIS, hydrogenated SIS, TPU, PP, preferably EVA. The EVA can be selected from one or more of three-well EVA-260, LG28005 of Korea, Thailand mv1055 and Singapore TPC KA-31.

In some embodiments of the invention, the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Added to the upconversion composition in the form of a dispersion, the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Ce in the dispersion_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The solid content of the cerium-doped cerium oxide is 10 to 30 percent, and the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The mass part of the dispersion liquid in the upconversion composition is 0.5-2.5 parts. The Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The dispersion contains Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Dispersing agent and solvent. Wherein the dispersant is Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃33.3% -62.5%; the dispersant can be selected from common dispersants, such as Bikk-2200, Sago9311, Effka EFKA4310, Sago-9105 and the like. The solvent comprises any one or combination of more of cyclohexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and ethyl acetate.

More specifically, the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The dispersion can be prepared as follows: mixing the dispersant and the solvent, adding Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Uniformly stirring, and then ultrasonically dispersing for 5-30 min to obtain a suspension; grinding the turbid liquid by using a grinding medium with the thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm to obtain Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃And (3) dispersing the mixture. The temperature is controlled to be 25-40 ℃, the rotating speed is 1800-2800 r/min, and the grinding time is 2-5 hours.

In some embodiments of the invention, the upconversion composition is prepared by combining an elastomeric material, Ce_xY_y Cs_zW_mO₃The crosslinker, the coupling agent and the adjuvant are mixed to obtain the upconversion composition.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the reflective layer of the light modulation film comprises a nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material having a structure in which nano silver wires wrap nano ceramic.

In the related technology, nano silver particles and nano ceramic are generally compounded to manufacture a reflecting layer, and because the nano silver particles are easily wrapped by the nano ceramic, the effect of reflecting infrared rays is difficult to play under the condition of being blocked by the nano ceramic. According to the invention, the nano silver wire is adopted in the reflecting layer to replace nano silver particles, and the nano silver wire can be prevented from being wrapped and covered by nano ceramic, so that the reflecting effect is effectively exerted; compared with the nano silver particles, the nano silver wire has stronger specular reflection effect.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material comprise: nano silver wire and nano ceramic. The mass ratio of the nano silver wire to the nano ceramic is 1: 2 to 6.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the wire diameter of the silver nanowires is 10 to 50nm, preferably 10 to 20 nm; the line length of the nano silver line is 5-50 mu m, preferably 15-40 mu m, and more preferably 10-35 mu m.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the D90 of the nanoceramic ranges from 10 nm to 50 nm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the nanoceramic comprises any one or combination of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO), preferably indium tin oxide.

In the ITO, the molar ratio of Sn to In is 1: 5-15, preferably 1: 8-12, more preferably about 1: 10; the D90 of the ITO is 15-30 nm. In the ATO, the molar ratio of Sb to Sn is 1: 5-15, preferably 1: 8-12, more preferably about 1: 10; the D90 of the ATO is 25-40 nm. In the FTO, the molar ratio of F to Sn is 1: 10-30, preferably 1: 15 to 25, more preferably about 1: 20; d90 of the FTO is 10-40 nm. In the AZO, the molar ratio of Al to Zn is 1: 10-30, preferably 1: 15 to 25, more preferably about 1: 20; d90 of the AZO is 25-40 nm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material comprises the following steps: and mixing the nano silver wire with the nano ceramic, and reacting to obtain the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material.

More specifically, the preparation method of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material comprises the following steps: dispersing the nano silver wires in a solvent, stirring and refluxing for 1-3 hours, then adding the nano ceramic into the solvent, continuously stirring and refluxing for 8-10 hours, removing the solvent, and drying to obtain the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material. Among them, the solvent removal method may be distillation under reduced pressure, heat evaporation, or the like. The temperature of stirring and refluxing is not higher than the boiling point of the solvent. The solvent includes water, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, etc. The stirring and refluxing temperature is preferably 50-78 ℃, and more preferably 70-78 ℃.

During the process of dispersing the nano silver wire in the solvent, a dispersant may be optionally added. As the dispersant, a general dispersant such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, KH-570 (gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane), etc. can be used, and polyvinylpyrrolidone is preferred. The molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 40000-60000. The addition amount of the dispersing agent is 15-50% of the total mass of the nano silver wire and the nano ceramic.

In some embodiments of the invention, the reflective layer is formed from a reflective composition comprising, as raw materials:

elastomeric material

Nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material

Crosslinking agent

Coupling agent

And (4) an auxiliary agent.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the reflective composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

100 parts of elastomer material

0.01-0.24 part of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-1.5 parts of an auxiliary agent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the reflective composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

elastomer material 100 parts

0.01-0.24 part of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-0.5 part of ultraviolet absorber

0.01-0.3 part of light stabilizer

0.01-0.3 part of antioxidant.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the reflective composition have a melt index of 20 to 50g/10min (190 ℃/2.16 kg).

In some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material of the reflective composition comprises any one or a combination of several of EVA, SBS, POE, SIS, hydrogenated SIS, TPU, PP, preferably EVA. The EVA can be selected from one or more of Nissan Mitsui EVA-150, Korea 282PV, Singapore TPC KA-40, Singapore TPC KA-10, and Korea LG 28025.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material is added to the reflective composition in the form of a dispersion, wherein the solid content of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material in the dispersion of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material is 5% to 16%, and the mass part of the dispersion in the reflective composition is 0.2 to 1.5 parts. The dispersion liquid of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material contains the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material, a dispersing agent and a solvent. Wherein the addition amount of the dispersant is 33.3 to 62.5 percent of the mass of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material; the dispersant can be selected from common dispersants, such as Bikk-2200, Sago9311, Effka EFKA4310, Sago-9105 and the like. The solvent comprises one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, isopropanol and n-butanol.

Specifically, the dispersion liquid of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material can be prepared by the following method: mixing a dispersing agent and a solvent, adding the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic material, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5-30 min to obtain a suspension; and grinding the turbid liquid by using a grinding medium with the thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm to obtain a dispersion liquid of the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic material, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 25-40 ℃, the rotating speed is 1200-2000 r/min, and the grinding time is 1-3 hours.

The crosslinking agent, coupling agent, light stabilizer and antioxidant in the reflective composition, upconverting composition and thermochromic composition may be the same or different. The EVA in the reflecting composition and the thermochromic composition can adopt products with the same or different brands and melt indexes.

Specifically, in the reflection composition, the up-conversion composition and the thermochromic composition, the crosslinking agent independently comprises any one or more of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (2-ethylhexanoylperoxide) hexane, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 1-dipentylperoxycyclohexane and tert-butyl peroxyisobutyrate, and other general crosslinking agents are also suitable.

The coupling agent independently comprises any one or combination of more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

The ultraviolet absorbent independently comprises any one or a combination of more of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxy benzophenone, 2- (2' -hydroxy-3 ',5' -di-tert-amylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (4, 6-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2-yl) -5-octyloxyphenol, 2- (2' -hydroxy-5 ' -tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, nano zinc oxide (D90 is 10-30 nm) and nano cerium oxide (D90 is 15-50 nm), and other general ultraviolet absorbents are also suitable.

The light stabilizer independently comprises any one or a combination of more of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate and poly (4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidylethanol) succinate, and other general light stabilizers are also applicable.

The antioxidant independently comprises any one or more of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate), tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant CA and antioxidant 164; the antioxidant is preferably a mixture of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) in a mass ratio of 1-2: 1.

in some embodiments of the invention, the reflective composition is prepared by: and mixing the elastomer material, the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material, the cross-linking agent, the coupling agent and the auxiliary agent, and stirring for 3-30 min to obtain the reflecting composition.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the light modulation film, the thicknesses of the thermochromic layer, the upconversion layer, and the reflective layer are independently 0.1 to 1mm, and preferably independently 0.15 to 0.4 mm.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the light adjusting film, which comprises the following steps: and carrying out tape casting, extrusion, cooling and molding on the reflecting composition, the up-conversion composition and the thermochromic composition to obtain the light adjusting film.

More specifically, the production method of the light adjusting film comprises the following steps: respectively placing the reflection composition, the up-conversion composition and the thermochromic composition into three feed hoppers of a casting extruder, controlling the temperature of each temperature zone of three screw barrels to be 50-75 ℃, circularly cooling elbows and connections by adopting water, controlling the temperature to be 45-60 ℃, controlling the temperature of a screen changer to be 48-60 ℃, controlling each temperature zone of a die head to be 70-85 ℃, controlling the temperature of a refrigerator rubber roll to be 10-15 ℃, controlling the temperature of a refrigerator iron roll to be 20-25 ℃, casting, extruding, cooling and molding through a distributor to obtain the light modulation film.

When the light adjusting film includes only the thermochromic layer and the upconverting layer which are sequentially stacked, or includes only the thermochromic layer and the reflective layer which are sequentially stacked, the reflective composition or the upconverting composition may be omitted accordingly in the foregoing manufacturing method, and other operations are the same.

The invention also provides laminated glass which comprises the light adjusting film.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the laminated glass includes a first glass layer, a light adjusting film, and a second glass layer, which are sequentially stacked. The first glass layer and the second glass layer can independently adopt ordinary white glass, ultra-white glass or other common glass.

The invention also provides application of the laminated glass in doors and windows or glass curtain walls of buildings.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention adopts a casting extruder to extrude and form three compositions with different functions into the intelligent light adjusting film with a three-layer structure through three-layer coextrusion casting, wherein the three-layer structure comprises a lower thermochromic layer, an intermediate layer is an upper conversion layer with an upper conversion function, and the uppermost layer is a reflecting layer made of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic materials. When in useAfter sunlight irradiates, the nano silver wires in the reflecting layer reflect most infrared rays, and the composite nano ceramic with the heat insulation effect simultaneously blocks near infrared rays. After the infrared ray that the reflection stratum does not have the separation passes through middle up-conversion layer, up-conversion layer can be with partial near infrared conversion to visible light again when absorbing near infrared to when guaranteeing further thermal-insulated, can strengthen the seeing through of visible light again. When the uppermost two layers are insufficient to block the heat of the sun light in hot summer weather, the heat generated from the sun light causes the copper ions of the copper chelate in the thermochromic layer to form deep blue Cu (OH) under the action of the hydroxyl groups of the polymer₂The gel cluster changes the film state and color of the thermochromic layer, prevents sunlight from entering a room, further achieves the purposes of heat insulation and energy conservation, and when the sunlight intensity is weakened, the film layer of the thermochromic layer returns to a transparent and refreshing state. The three-layer co-extrusion intelligent dimming film disclosed by the invention fully combines selective absorption, transmission and reflection of a film system on a spectrum, assists in up-conversion to convert infrared rays into visible light, and finally blocks sunlight through thermochromism to play a role of an intelligent curtain, thereby really achieving the purposes of heat insulation and energy saving.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the Ce and Y codoped Cs of example 1_0.33WO₃SEM pictures of the nano ceramic powder under different magnification;

FIG. 2 shows the Ce and Y codoped Cs of example 1_0.33WO₃XRD pattern of nano ceramic powder;

FIG. 3 is a UV-VIS-NIR transmission versus front and back reflection spectrogram for the laminated glass of example 1;

FIG. 4 is an emission spectrum of the laminated glass of example 1 under excitation light of 980 nm;

FIG. 5 shows an emission spectrum of the laminated glass of example 1 under an excitation light of 808 nm.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples. The starting materials used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are available from conventional commercial sources; the processes used, unless otherwise specified, are those conventional in the art.

Example 1

The utility model provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light-adjusting EVA membrane altogether, is including the lower floor, intermediate level and the upper strata that stack gradually, and wherein, the lower floor is thermochromism EVA membrane, and the intermediate level is the nanometer pottery EVA membrane of up-conversion, and the upper strata is the compound nanometer pottery EVA membrane of nanometer silver line. The preparation method of the three-layer co-extrusion intelligent dimming EVA film comprises the following steps:

s1: lower thermochromic compositions, i.e. preparation of functional preparation of thermochromic EVA films

Weighing 25g of citric acid chelated copper, placing the citric acid chelated copper in a 500mL beaker, adding 10g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, then dropwise adding 215g of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, uniformly stirring, and then ultrasonically dispersing for 30min by using an ultrasonic cell crusher, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 2000Hz, so as to obtain the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid. And dropwise adding 125g of PEG (molecular weight of 1250) into the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid, and uniformly stirring while dropwise adding to completely coat the PEG on the surface of the citric acid chelated copper to obtain the citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion liquid.

Weighing 5kg of Mitsui EVA-150 particles, freezing and crushing at-40 ℃ to 350 meshes, then weighing 250g of citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion, 50g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 10g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and 5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) and uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into EVA powder, uniformly stirring and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 40 ℃, the stirring time is 25min, obtaining the lower thermochromic EVA film functional preparation material.

S2: intermediate layer upconversion composition, i.e. preparation of upconversion nanoceramic EVA film functional preparation

S21: ce. Y codoped with Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic (Ce)_0.05Y_0.03Cs_0.33WO₃) Preparation of powder

Weighing 39.65g (0.1mol) of tungsten hexachloride in a 500ml beaker, and adding 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution A; weighing 5.56g (0.033mol) of cesium chloride in a 50ml beaker, and adding 30ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution B; weighing 2.17g (0.005mol) of cerous nitrate hexahydrate in a 50ml beaker, and adding 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve the cerous nitrate hexahydrate to obtain solution C; 1.15g (0.003mol) of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate was weighed out and dissolved in a 50ml beaker by adding 20ml of absolute ethanol to obtain solution D.

Then, the solution A was transferred to a 500ml four-necked flask, and the mixture was stirred under reflux at 76 ℃ for 3 hours, and then the solution B, the solution C and the solution D were transferred to a 50ml constant pressure dropping funnel while continuing stirring under reflux. Specifically, the solution B is slowly dripped into the solution A at the speed of 3 drops/second, after the liquid B is dripped, the solution C and the solution D are dripped simultaneously and the speed is kept at 2 drops/second, after the liquid C and the liquid D are dripped, the solution C and the liquid D are continuously heated, refluxed and stirred for 3 hours, cooled to room temperature and kept stand and aged for 24 hours to obtain the sol.

And distilling the sol under reduced pressure until a transparent wet gel is obtained, drying and crushing to obtain precursor powder. Calcining the precursor powder in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5h, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the nitrogen flow is 0.8L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.4L/min, and finally obtaining the Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic powder is ground and weighed to 24.75g, and the SEM picture and XRD picture are respectively shown in figure 1 and figure 2. Ce. Y codoped with Cs_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic powder contains more regular cubic particle morphology, and the particle size of the cubic particles is 49nm (D50).

S22: ce. Y codoped with Cs_0.33WO₃Preparation of nano-ceramic dispersion liquid

Weighing 10g of BYK-2200 dispersant in a 250ml beaker, adding 70g of methyl isobutyl ketone into the beaker, uniformly stirring the mixture until the dispersant is completely dissolved in the solvent, and then adding 20g of Ce and Y co-doped Cs into the mixed solution_0.33WO₃Uniformly stirring the nano ceramic powder, then ultrasonically dispersing for 10min, finally transferring the suspension into a 0.3L rod-nitre type nano sand mill, adding pickaxe beads with the thickness of 0.2mm, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, the rotating speed to be 2800r/min, and sanding for 5 hours to obtain Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃A nano-ceramic dispersion.

S23: preparation of functional preparation material for converting nano ceramic EVA film on intermediate layer

80g of Ce and Y co-doped Cs are weighed_0.33WO₃Adding 50g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane cross-linking agent, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 10g of octadecyl beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) into the nano ceramic dispersion, uniformly mixing, weighing 5kg of KA-31 (Singapore TPC) particles, adding the mixed auxiliary agent, and mechanically stirring for 30min to obtain the functional preparation of the intermediate layer upconversion nano ceramic EVA membrane.

S3: preparation of upper layer reflection composition, namely functional preparation material of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film

S31: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic powder

Adding 7.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into a 500ml beaker, adding 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, mechanically stirring until the polyvinylpyrrolidone is completely dissolved In a solvent, weighing 12.5g of nano-silver wires (the wire diameter is 15nm, and the wire length is 35 mu m), mechanically stirring at 76 ℃, cooling and refluxing for 3 hours, then slowly adding 25g of nano-ceramic ITO powder (the atomic ratio of Sn to In is 1: 10, and D90 is 30nm), continuously stirring and cooling and refluxing for 8 hours after finishing the addition, distilling under reduced pressure at 50 ℃ to recover the solvent, and drying under vacuum at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic powder.

S32: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid

Weighing 5g of EFKA4310 dispersing agent into a 500ml beaker, adding 65g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 65g of isopropanol into the beaker, uniformly stirring until the dispersing agent is completely dissolved in the solvent, adding 15g of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic ITO powder into the mixed solution, uniformly stirring, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min to obtain suspension. And finally, transferring the turbid liquid into a 0.3L turbine type nano sand mill, adding 0.3mm pickaxe beads, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, and sanding at the rotating speed of 2000r/min for 3 hours to obtain the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid.

S33: preparation of functional preparation material of upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film

75g of nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid is weighed, 50g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane cross-linking agent, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 20g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone are added into the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 10g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and 5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate), weighing 5kg of KA-40 (Singapore TPC) particles, adding the mixed auxiliary agent, and mechanically stirring for 15min to obtain the functional preparation material for the upper-layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA membrane.

S4: preparation of three-layer co-extrusion intelligent dimming EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film

The lower thermochromic EVA film function preparation material, the middle layer upconversion nano ceramic EVA film function preparation material and the upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film function preparation material are respectively placed in three feed hoppers of a casting extruder, controlling the temperature of each temperature zone of the three screw barrels to be 50-75 ℃, circularly cooling the elbows and the joints by water, controlling the temperature to be 45-60 ℃, controlling the temperature of the screen changer to be 48-60 ℃, controlling each temperature zone of the die head to be 70-85 ℃, controlling the temperature of the rubber roller of the refrigerating machine to be 10-15 ℃, controlling the temperature of the iron roller of the refrigerating machine to be 20-25 ℃, the EVA film with a three-layer structure is produced by a distributor, casting, extruding, cooling and molding, and comprises a thermochromic EVA film at the lower layer, an up-conversion nano ceramic EVA film at the middle layer and a nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film at the upper layer, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.26mm, and the total thickness is 0.78 mm.

In order to facilitate the test, the obtained three-layer co-extrusion intelligent dimming EVA film is made into laminated glass, the laminated glass is laminated according to 5mm common white glass, 0.78mm intelligent dimming EVA film and 5mm common white glass, then the laminated glass is placed into a box-type laminating furnace, the vacuum is controlled to be-0.1 Mpa, the heat is preserved for 20min at the low temperature of 60 ℃, the heat is preserved for 45min at the high temperature of 135 ℃, the laminated glass is cooled to obtain the intelligent dimming EVA, and the optical test is carried out on the laminated glass.

The UV-VIS-NIR transmission and front-back reflection spectrograms (UV-VIS-NIR transmission: light from the upper layer, front-side reflection: light from the upper layer, and back-side reflection: light from the lower layer) of the laminated glass are shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the laminated glass has good transmission capability for visible light, has a transmittance of 20% or less for infrared light above 780nm, and particularly has an extremely low transmittance for near infrared light above 1000nm, and the transmittance can reach 0, which indicates that the laminated glass has a good barrier effect for infrared light. Meanwhile, as can be seen from the reflection spectrograms of the front and the back, the front and the back of the laminated glass have similar reflection capability to visible light, wherein the reflectivity of the front to near infrared is obviously higher than that of the back, which reflects that the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic powder can effectively improve the reflection capability to near infrared.

The sandwich glass is excited by using 980nm light, and emission spectrograms of the obtained sandwich glass under 2mA, 4mA and 980nm are shown in FIG. 4. Fig. 4 reflects that, after the laminated glass is irradiated by 980nm near infrared light, the laminated glass can emit visible light below 700nm, because Ce and Y are co-doped with Cs in the intermediate layer of the intelligent dimming EVA film_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic has the capability of up-conversion, and can convert near infrared light into visible light.

The emission spectra of the laminated glass at 1.0mA, 1.3mA and 808nm obtained by exciting the laminated glass with light at 808nm are shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 further reflects the Ce and Y co-doped Cs in the middle layer of the intelligent dimming EVA film_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic has the capacity of up-conversion, can convert near-infrared light into visible light, but the up-conversion capacity is reduced under the condition of weak light intensity.

Example 2

Firstly weighing 25g of citric acid chelated copper, placing the citric acid chelated copper in a 500ml beaker, adding 10g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, then dropwise adding 215g of dicyclopentadiene ethoxy methacrylate, uniformly stirring, and then ultrasonically dispersing for 30min by using an ultrasonic cell crusher, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 2000Hz, so as to obtain the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid. And dropwise adding 125g of PEG (molecular weight of 1250) into the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid, and uniformly stirring while dropwise adding to completely coat the PEG on the surface of the citric acid chelated copper to obtain the citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion liquid.

Weighing 5kg of KA-40 (Singapore TPC) EVA particles, freezing and crushing the EVA particles to 350 meshes at the temperature of minus 40 ℃, then weighing 250g of citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion, 40g of 1, 1-ditert-amyl peroxycyclohexane, 40g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 10g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 10g of nano-zinc oxide (D90 is 10-30 nm), 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 5g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetra (3-lauryl thiopropionate) to be uniformly mixed and added into the EVA powder for uniform stirring and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 40 ℃, the stirring time is 25min, and the thermochromic EVA film functional preparation material is obtained.

S21: ce. Y codoped with Cs_0.33WO₃Nano-ceramic (Ce)_0.01Y_0.01Cs_0.33WO₃) Preparation of powder

Weighing 39.65g (0.1mol) of tungsten hexachloride in a 500ml beaker, and adding 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution A; weighing 5.56g (0.033mol) of cesium chloride in a 50ml beaker, and adding 30ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution B; weighing 0.434g (0.001mol) of cerium nitrate hexahydrate in a 50ml beaker, and adding 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution C; 0.383g (0.001mol) of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate is weighed in a 50ml beaker, and 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol is added to dissolve the yttrium nitrate hexahydrate to obtain solution D.

Then transferring the solution A into a 500ml four-neck flask, carrying out reflux stirring for 3 hours at 76 ℃, continuing to carry out reflux stirring, transferring the solution B, the solution C and the solution D into a 50ml constant-pressure dropping funnel respectively, slowly dropping the solution B into the solution A at the speed of 3 drops/second, after the addition of the solution B is finished, simultaneously dropping the solution C and the solution D and keeping the speed at 2 drops/second, after the addition of the solution C and the solution D is finished, continuing to heat, reflux and stir for 3 hours, then cooling to room temperature, and standing and aging for 24 hours to obtain the sol.

And distilling the sol under reduced pressure until a transparent wet gel is obtained, drying and crushing to obtain precursor powder. Calcining the precursor powder in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5h, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the nitrogen flow is 0.8L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.4L/min, and finally obtaining the Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic powder is ground and weighed to 22.08 g. Ce. Y codoped with Cs_0.33WO₃The structure and the appearance of the nano ceramic powder are the same as those of the embodiment 1.

Weighing 10g of sago9311 dispersant in a 250ml beaker, adding 170g of ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring until the dispersant is completely dissolved in the solvent, and adding 20g of Ce and Y codoped Cs in the mixed solution_0.33WO₃Uniformly stirring the nano ceramic powder, then ultrasonically dispersing for 10min, finally transferring the suspension into a 0.3L rod-nitre type nano sand mill, adding pickaxe beads with the thickness of 0.2mm, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, the rotating speed to be 2800r/min, and sanding for 5 hours to obtain Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃A nano-ceramic dispersion.

S23: preparation of EVA function preparation material for converting nano ceramic membrane on intermediate layer

Weighing 125g of Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃A nano-ceramic dispersion was prepared by adding 40g of 1, 1-dipentyl peroxycyclohexane, 40g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 10g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone and 10g of nano-zinc oxide (D90 is 10 to 30nm), 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 5g of octadecyl beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) to a dispersion, mixing them uniformly, and weighing 5kg of EVA-260 (Japan Tri-butyl-4-hydroxypropionate) to obtain a mixtureWell) and adding the mixed auxiliary agent, and mechanically stirring for 30min to obtain the functional preparation material for the conversion nano ceramic EVA film on the middle layer.

S3: preparing an upper layer reflection composition, namely a functional preparation material of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film:

s31: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic powder

Adding 8g of KH-570 (gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane) into a 500ml beaker, adding 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, mechanically stirring the mixture until the KH-570 is completely dissolved In the solvent, weighing 10g of nano-silver wires (the wire diameter is 15nm, and the wire length is 35 mu m), adding the nano-silver wires into the beaker, mechanically stirring the mixture at 76 ℃ and cooling and refluxing the mixture for 3 hours, then slowly adding 30g of nano-ceramic ITO powder (the atomic ratio of Sn to In is 1: 10, and the D90 is 25nm) into the mixture, continuously stirring the mixture after the addition is finished, cooling and refluxing the mixture for 8 hours, distilling the mixture under reduced pressure at 50 ℃ to recover the solvent, and drying the mixture In vacuum at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic powder.

S32: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid

Weighing 5g of Sago-9105 dispersing agent in a 500ml beaker, adding 65g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 65g of isopropanol, uniformly stirring until the dispersing agent is completely dissolved in the solvent, adding 15g of nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic ITO powder into the mixed solution, uniformly stirring, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min, finally transferring the turbid liquid into a 0.3L turbine type nano-sand mill, adding 0.3mm pickaxe beads, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, and sanding at the rotating speed of 2000r/min for 3 hours to obtain the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersing liquid.

Weighing 75g of nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid, adding 40g of 1, 1-ditert amyl peroxycyclohexane, 40g of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, 10g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy benzophenone and 10g of nano zinc oxide (10-30 nm of D90), 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 5g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) are uniformly mixed, 5kg of KA-40 (Singapore TPC) particles are weighed, the mixed auxiliary agent is added, and the mechanical stirring is carried out for 15min to obtain the functional preparation material of the upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA membrane.

S4: preparation of three-layer co-extrusion intelligent dimming EVA film

The lower thermochromic EVA film function preparation material, the middle layer upconversion nano ceramic EVA film function preparation material and the upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film function preparation material are respectively placed in three feed hoppers of a casting extruder, controlling the temperature of each temperature zone of the three screw barrels to be 50-75 ℃, circularly cooling the elbows and the joints by water, controlling the temperature to be 45-60 ℃, controlling the temperature of the screen changer to be 48-60 ℃, controlling each temperature zone of the die head to be 70-85 ℃, controlling the temperature of the rubber roller of the refrigerating machine to be 10-15 ℃, controlling the temperature of the iron roller of the refrigerating machine to be 20-25 ℃, the EVA film with a three-layer structure is produced by a distributor through casting, extruding, cooling and forming, and comprises a thermochromic EVA film at a lower layer, an up-conversion nano ceramic EVA film at a middle layer and a nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film at an upper layer, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.26mm, and the total thickness is 0.78 mm.

Example 3

Weighing 10g of citric acid chelated copper, placing the citric acid chelated copper in a 500ml beaker, adding 5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into the beaker, then adding 185g of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) dropwise into the beaker, uniformly stirring, and then ultrasonically dispersing for 30min by using an ultrasonic cell crusher, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 2000Hz, so as to obtain the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid. And dropwise adding 100g of PEG (molecular weight of 1250) into the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid, and uniformly stirring while dropwise adding to completely coat the PEG on the surface of the citric acid chelated copper to obtain the citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion liquid.

Weighing 282PV (Korea) EVA particles 5kg, freezing EVA at-40 deg.C and pulverizing to 200 mesh, then weighing 300g of citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion, 50g of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (2-ethylhexanoylperoxide) hexane, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-5' -tert-octyl) phenylbenzotriazole, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 5g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) and mixing uniformly and drying, and drying at 40 ℃, and stirring for 25min to obtain the thermochromic EVA film function preparation material.

S21: ce. Y codoped with Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic (Ce)_0.03Y_0.03Cs_0.33WO₃) Preparation of powder

Weighing 39.65g (0.1mol) of tungsten hexachloride in a 500ml beaker, and adding 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution A; weighing 5.56g (0.033mol) of cesium chloride in a 50ml beaker, and adding 30ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution B; weighing 1.30g (0.003mol) of cerous nitrate hexahydrate in a 50ml beaker, and adding 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve the cerous nitrate to obtain solution C; 1.15g (0.003mol) of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate was weighed out and dissolved in a 50ml beaker by adding 20ml of absolute ethanol to obtain solution D.

Distilling the sol under reduced pressure until a transparent wet gel is obtained, drying and crushing to obtain precursor powder, calcining the precursor powder in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5 hours, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the nitrogen flow is 0.8L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.4L/min, and finally obtaining the up-conversion Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic powder was ground and weighed 22.58 g.

S22: ce. Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃Preparation of nano-ceramic dispersion liquid

Weighing 10g of EFKA4310 dispersant in a 500ml beaker, adding 170g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, stirring uniformly until the dispersant is completely dissolved in the solvent, and adding 20g of Ce and Y codoped Cs in the mixed solution_0.33WO₃Uniformly stirring the nano ceramic powder, then ultrasonically dispersing for 10min, finally transferring the suspension into a 0.3L rod-nitre type nano sand mill, adding pickaxe beads with the thickness of 0.2mm, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, the rotating speed to be 2800r/min, and sanding for 5 hours to obtain Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃A nano-ceramic dispersion.

Weighing 125g of Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃50g of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (2-ethylhexanoylperoxide) hexane, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 20g of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-5' -tert-octyl) phenylbenzotriazole are added into the nano ceramic dispersion liquid, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 5g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) were uniformly mixed, 5kg of 28005 (LG) particles were weighed and added with the above mixing aid, and mechanically stirred for 30min to obtain a pre-prepared material for the function of the intermediate layer of the conversion nano-ceramic EVA membrane.

S31: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic powder

Adding 7g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into a 500ml beaker, adding 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, mechanically stirring until the polyvinylpyrrolidone is completely dissolved In the solvent, weighing 5g of nano-silver wires (the wire diameter is 15nm, the wire length is 35 mu m), mechanically stirring at 76 ℃, cooling and refluxing for 3 hours, then slowly adding 30g of nano-ceramic ITO powder (the atomic ratio of Sn to In is 1: 10, and D90 is 15nm), continuously stirring after adding, cooling and refluxing for 8 hours, distilling under reduced pressure at 50 ℃ to recover the solvent, and drying under vacuum at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic powder.

S32: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid

Weighing 6g of BYK-2200 in a 500ml beaker, adding 150g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 79g of isopropanol, uniformly stirring until the dispersing agent is completely dissolved in the solvent, adding 15g of nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic ITO powder into the mixed solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, transferring the suspension into a 0.3L turbine type nano-sand mill, adding 0.3mm pickaxe beads, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, and performing sand milling at the rotating speed of 2000r/min for 3 hours to obtain the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid.

Weighing 75g of nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid, adding 50g of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (2-ethylhexanoylperoxide) hexane, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 20g of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-5' -tert-octyl) phenyl benzotriazole into the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 5g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) are uniformly mixed, 5kg of EVA-150 (three-well Japan) particles are weighed, the mixed auxiliary agent is added, and the mechanical stirring is carried out for 15min to obtain the functional preparation material of the upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA membrane.

S4: preparation of three-layer co-extrusion intelligent dimming EVA film

In order to facilitate the test, the obtained sample is made into laminated glass, the laminated glass is laminated according to 5mm common white glass, 0.78mm intelligent dimming EVA film and 5mm common white glass, then the laminated glass is placed into a box-type laminating furnace, the vacuum is controlled to be-0.1 Mpa, the temperature is kept at 60 ℃ for 20min, the temperature is kept at 135 ℃ for 45min, the laminated glass is cooled to obtain the intelligent dimming EVA laminated glass, and the optical test is carried out on the laminated glass.

Example 4

Weighing 3g of citric acid chelated copper, placing the citric acid chelated copper in a 500ml beaker, adding 1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, then adding 296g of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) dropwise, stirring uniformly, and then ultrasonically dispersing for 10min by using an ultrasonic cell crusher, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 2000Hz, so as to obtain the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid. And dropwise adding 60g of PEG (molecular weight of 1250) into the citric acid chelated copper dispersion liquid, and uniformly stirring while dropwise adding to completely coat the PEG on the surface of the citric acid chelated copper to obtain the citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion liquid.

Weighing 5kg of KA-40 (Singapore TPC) EVA particles, freezing and crushing EVA at-40 ℃ to 350 meshes, then weighing 250g of citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion, 40g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 40g of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2- (4, 6-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2-yl) -5-octyloxyphenol, 10g of poly (4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidineethanol) succinate, 5g of octadecyl beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) to be uniformly mixed and added into EVA powder to be uniformly stirred and dried, and (3) drying at 40 ℃, and stirring for 25min to obtain the lower thermochromic EVA film functional preparation material.

S21: ce. Y codoped with Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic (Ce)_0.001Y_0.001Cs_0.33WO₃) Preparation of powder

Weighing 39.65g (0.1mol) of tungsten hexachloride in a 500ml beaker, and adding 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution A; weighing 5.56g (0.033mol) of cesium chloride in a 50ml beaker, and adding 30ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve to obtain solution B; weighing 0.0434g (0.0001mol) of cerous nitrate hexahydrate in a 50ml beaker, and adding 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve the cerous nitrate to obtain solution C; 0.0383g (0.0001mol) of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate is weighed in a 50ml beaker, and 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol is added to dissolve the yttrium nitrate hexahydrate to obtain solution D.

Distilling the sol under reduced pressure until a transparent wet gel is obtained, drying and crushing to obtain precursor powder, calcining the precursor powder in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5 hours, and introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the nitrogen flow is0.6L/min and 0.3L/min hydrogen flow to finally obtain the up-conversion Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic powder was ground and weighed 21.31 g.

Weighing 8g of sago9311 dispersant in a 250ml beaker, adding 105g of cyclohexane, stirring uniformly until the dispersant is completely dissolved in the solvent, and adding 20g of Ce and Y codoped Cs into the mixed solution_0.33WO₃Uniformly stirring the nano ceramic powder, then ultrasonically dispersing for 10min, finally transferring the turbid liquid into a 0.3L rod-nitre type nano sand mill, adding pickaxe beads with the thickness of 0.2mm, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, the rotating speed to be 2500r/min, and the sanding time to be 5 hours to obtain Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃A nano-ceramic dispersion.

Weighing 125g of Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃A nano-ceramic dispersion to which 40g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 40g of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2- (4, 6-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazin-2-yl) -5-octyloxyphenol were added, 10g of poly (4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidineethanol) succinate, 5g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) are uniformly mixed, 5kg of mv-1055 (Thailand) particles are weighed, the mixed auxiliary agent is added, and the mechanical stirring is carried out for 30min to obtain the pre-prepared material for the function of the conversion nano ceramic EVA membrane in the middle layer.

s31: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic powder

Adding 15g of KH-570 (gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane) into a 500ml beaker, adding 300ml of absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, mechanically stirring the mixture until the KH-570 is completely dissolved In the solvent, weighing 15g of nano-silver wires (the wire diameter is 15nm, and the wire length is 35 mu m), adding the nano-silver wires into the beaker, mechanically stirring the mixture at 76 ℃ and cooling the mixture to reflux for 3 hours, then slowly adding 60g of nano-ceramic ITO powder (the atomic ratio of Sn to In is 1: 10, and the D90 is 20nm), continuously stirring the mixture after the addition is finished, cooling the mixture to reflux for 8 hours, distilling the mixture at 50 ℃ under reduced pressure to recover the solvent, and drying the mixture In vacuum at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic powder.

S32: preparation of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid

Weighing 10g of Sago-9105 in a 500ml beaker, adding 80g of n-butanol and 80g of isopropanol, uniformly stirring until the dispersing agent is completely dissolved in the solvent, adding 30g of nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic ITO powder into the mixed solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, transferring the suspension into a 0.3L turbine type nano-sand mill, adding 0.3mm pickaxe beads, controlling the temperature of the material to be 25-40 ℃, and performing sand milling at 2000r/min for 3 hours to obtain the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid.

75g of nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid is weighed, 40g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 40g of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2- (4, 6-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazin-2-yl) -5-octyloxyphenol, 10g of poly (4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidineethanol) succinate, 5g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate and 2.5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) are added into the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic dispersion liquid, the mixture is uniformly mixed, 5kg of EVA-150 (Triwell Japan) particles are weighed, the above mixed auxiliary agent is added into the mixture, and mechanically stirring for 15min to obtain the functional preparation material of the upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film.

The thermochromic EVA film function preparation material at the lower layer, the conversion nano ceramic EVA film function preparation material at the middle layer and the composite nano silver wire nano ceramic EVA film function preparation material at the upper layer are respectively placed in three feed hoppers of a casting extruder, controlling the temperature of each temperature zone of the three screw barrels to be 50-75 ℃, circularly cooling the elbows and the joints by water, controlling the temperature to be 45-60 ℃, controlling the temperature of the screen changer to be 48-60 ℃, controlling each temperature zone of the die head to be 70-85 ℃, controlling the temperature of the rubber roller of the refrigerating machine to be 10-15 ℃, controlling the temperature of the iron roller of the refrigerating machine to be 20-25 ℃, the EVA film with a three-layer structure is produced by a distributor through casting, extruding, cooling and forming, and comprises a thermochromic EVA film at a lower layer, an up-conversion nano ceramic EVA film at a middle layer and a nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film at an upper layer, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.26mm, and the total thickness is 0.78 mm.

Comparative example 1

The single-layer EVA film is prepared by mixing nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid, Ce and Y co-doped nano ceramic dispersion liquid and citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion liquid, adding the mixture into EVA particles, uniformly stirring, and directly performing layer casting extrusion. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

250g of citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion liquid, 80g of Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃And uniformly mixing the nano ceramic dispersion liquid and 75g of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid. Weighing 5kg of Japan three-well EVA-150 particles, freezing and crushing at-40 ℃ to 350 meshes, then 50g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 10g of octadecyl beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) are weighed and mixed with the above mixed dispersion liquid, and are added into EVA powder to be uniformly stirred and dried, the drying temperature is 40 ℃, and the stirring time is 25min, so that the EVA film functional preparation material is obtained. Wherein, the dispersion liquid of the citric acid chelated copper/PEG, Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic dispersion liquid and nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquidThe preparation method is the same as that of example 1.

The EVA film function preparation material is placed in a feed hopper of a casting extruder, a single-screw extruder is adopted for extrusion, the temperature of each temperature zone of a screw machine barrel is controlled to be 50-75 ℃, the temperature of an elbow and connection is controlled to be 45-60 ℃, the temperature of a screen changer is controlled to be 48-60 ℃, the temperature zone of each die head is controlled to be 70-85 ℃, the temperature of a refrigerator rubber roll is controlled to be 10-15 ℃, the temperature of a refrigerator iron roll is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, and the thickness is controlled to be 0.78mm through casting, extrusion, cooling and molding, so that the EVA film with a single-layer structure is produced.

In order to facilitate the test, the obtained EVA film is made into laminated glass, the laminated glass is laminated according to 5mm common white glass, 0.78mm EVA film and 5mm common white glass, then the laminated glass is placed into a box-type laminating furnace, the vacuum is controlled to be-0.1 Mpa, the temperature is kept at 60 ℃ for 20min, the temperature is kept at 135 ℃ for 45min, the laminated glass is prepared by cooling, and the optical test is carried out on the laminated glass.

Comparative example 2

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: no silver nanowire was added to the functional pre-prepared material of the upper layer silver nanowire composite nanoceramic EVA film of this comparative example. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 3

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in the silver nanowire composite nano-ceramic powder of the comparative example, the amount of the silver nanowire added was 2.5g (step S31, the mass ratio of Ag to ITO was 1: 10). The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 4

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in the comparative example, the nano silver wires in the functional preparation of the upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film are replaced by nano silver particles with equal mass (the particle size is less than or equal to 20nm, step S31). The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 5

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in this comparative example, the amount of the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid of the upper layer nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film functional preparation was 125g (the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid was made to be 2.5 wt% of the EVA particles, step S33). The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 6

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light control EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in the preparation of Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃In the step of nano-ceramic powder (step S21), the doping amounts of Ce and Y are increased. Specifically, the amounts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate were changed to 4.34g (0.01mol) and 1.92g (0.005mol), respectively. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 7

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in the preparation of Ce and Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃In the step of nano ceramic powder (step S21), the doping amounts of Ce and Y are 0, that is, cerium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate are not added. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 8

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: co-doping Cs with Ce and Y in step S21_0.33WO₃Replacing the nano ceramic powder with Ce and Bi co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃The nanometer ceramic powder comprises the following elements in molar ratio: ce: bi: cs: w is 0.01: 0.04: 0.33: 1. ce. Bi co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃Preparation method of nano ceramic powder refers to Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic powder.

Comparative example 9

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: co-doping Cs with Ce and Y in step S21_0.33WO₃Replacing nano ceramic powder with Ce and Sb codoped Cs_0.33WO₃The nanometer ceramic powder comprises the following elements in molar ratio: ce: sb: cs: w is 0.05: 0.05: 0.33: 1. ce. Sb codoped Cs_0.33WO₃Preparation method of nano ceramic powder refers to Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic powder.

Comparative example 10

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: co-doping Ce and Y in step S21 with Cs_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic powder is replaced by Y, Sb codoped Cs_0.33WO₃The nanometer ceramic powder comprises the following elements in molar ratio: y: sb: cs: w is 0.02: 0.03: 0.33: 1. y, Sb Co-doping with Cs_0.33WO₃Preparation method of nano ceramic powder by referring to Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic powder.

Comparative example 11

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: co-doping Cs with Ce and Y in step S21_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic powder is replaced by Y, Bi codoped Cs_0.33WO₃The nanometer ceramic powder comprises the following elements in molar ratio: y: bi: cs: w is 0.001: 0.1: 0.33: 1. y, Bi Co-doping with Cs_0.33WO₃Preparation method of nano ceramic powder refers to Ce and Y co-doped Cs_0.33WO₃Nano ceramic powder.

Comparative example 12

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: co-doping Cs with Ce and Y in step S23_0.33WO₃The dosage of the nano ceramic dispersion liquid is changed into 150g, so that the doping amount of the nano ceramic dispersion liquid is 3 wt% of the EVA particles. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 13

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light control EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in step S1, the mass of the citric acid chelated copper was 2.5g, and the mass ratio of PEG to citric acid chelated copper was 50: 1. the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 14

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in step S1, the mass of the copper citrate chelate is 62.5g, and the mass ratio of PEG to copper citrate chelate is 2: 1. the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 15

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in step S1, the molecular weight of PEG is 5000. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 16

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: the EVA-150 particles are not frozen and crushed and can be directly used. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 17

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: in step S1, the amount of the dispersion of citric acid chelated copper/PEG was 750g, which was added in an amount of 15 wt% to the EVA particles. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 18

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light control EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: the lower layer is not added with the dispersion liquid of citric acid chelated copper/PEG, namely, the thermochromic EVA film function preparation material is changed into a common EVA film preparation material for manufacturing the lower layer; and the EVA is not subjected to freezing and crushing treatment. Specifically, the preparation method of the lower EVA film preparation material comprises the following steps: weighing 5kg of Japan three-well EVA-150 particles, then weighing 50g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 10g of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and 5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) and uniformly mixing and adding the mixture into the EVA particles to be uniformly stirred and dried, wherein the drying temperature is 40 ℃ and the stirring time is 25min, thus obtaining the EVA membrane preparation material.

The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 19

This comparative example provides aLayer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: ce and Y codoped Cs are not added in the middle layer_0.33WO₃The nano ceramic dispersion liquid is prepared by changing the up-conversion nano ceramic EVA membrane function preparation material into a common EVA membrane preparation material for manufacturing the middle layer. Specifically, the preparation method of the intermediate EVA film preparation material comprises the following steps: weighing 50g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane cross-linking agent, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 10g of octadecyl beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) and uniformly mixing, weighing 5Kg of KA-31 (Singapore TPC) particles, adding the above mixed auxiliary agent, and mechanically stirring for 30min to obtain the EVA film preparation material.

The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 20

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: the upper layer is not added with the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic dispersion liquid, namely, the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic EVA film function preparation material is changed into a common EVA film preparation material for manufacturing the upper layer. Specifically, the preparation method of the upper EVA film preparation material comprises the following steps: weighing 50g of 1, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane cross-linking agent, 50g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 20g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 10g of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 10g of octadecyl beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 5g of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) and uniformly mixing, weighing 5Kg of KA-40 (Singapore TPC) particles, adding the mixed auxiliary agent, and mechanically stirring for 15min to obtain the EVA film preparation material.

The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 21

This comparative example provides a three-layer is crowded intelligent light modulation EVA membrane altogether, and the difference with embodiment 1 lies in: the EVA raw materials adopted in the preparation of the thermochromic EVA film of the preparation layer, the functional preparation of the conversion nano-ceramic EVA film on the middle layer and the functional preparation of the composite nano-ceramic EVA film of the upper nano-silver wire are all Japanese Mitsui EVA-150.

The results of the optical property test and the heat transfer property test of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 21 are shown in tables 1 and 2 below.

TABLE 1 Performance test results

TABLE 2 Performance test results

According to the test results of table 1 and table 2, it can be found that:

first, comparative example 1 reflects that if all the dispersions are mixed together and a single film layer is adopted for casting film formation, the spectral selectivity absorption, transmission and reflection performance of each layer of functional material can not be fully reflected, and the compatibility problem exists among the layers, and finally the haze is large;

secondly, the reflectivity of the sample is obviously reduced to 800-2500 nm because the sample does not have near infrared reflection of nano silver wires in the comparative example 2;

thirdly, in the comparative example 3, the ITO ratio is too large, so that the near infrared reflection of the nano silver wires is easily blocked, and the reflectivity of 800-2500 nm is reduced;

fourth, in comparative example 4, the nanoparticles cannot effectively reflect near infrared, and as reflected by comparison with example 1, the linear silver nanowires can sufficiently reflect near infrared relative to the silver nanoparticles;

fifth, the nano silver wire composite nano ceramic ITO dispersion liquid in the comparative example 5 has a large addition amount, which easily causes the agglomeration of the nano material in the EVA, finally causes the poor performance and large haze;

sixth, in the comparative example 6, the doping amount of Ce and Y is large, which easily causes lattice distortion of nano-crystalline grains, increase of defects, increase of scattering, and decrease of light transmittance;

seventh, comparative examples 7-11 show that the intermediate layer is undoped, or Cs is a rare earth and transition metal pair_0.33WO₃When the co-doping is carried out, the anti-reflection rate of 550-700 nm is obviously reduced. The phenomenon is mainly caused because the rare earth and transition metal doping adopts substitutional doping, although crystal grains can be made finer, the excessive doping amount easily causes lattice distortion, even impurity phase occurs, the comprehensive performance of the nano material is influenced, and the up-conversion function cannot be shown. In the embodiment 1, after the Ce and the Y are codoped, the near infrared rays (808nm and 980nm) can be converted into red orange light (600 nm-750 nm), so that the transmission of visible light is enhanced;

eighthly, the comparison example 12 shows that when the addition amount of the Ce and Y co-doped nano ceramic dispersion liquid is too much, the nano material is easily agglomerated in EVA, so that the comprehensive performance of the material is influenced, and the haze is larger;

nine, comparative example 13 reflects that when the amount of PEG is too large, a reaction results in-OH: the proportion of copper ions is larger, so that the number of copper hydroxide gel clusters is relatively small, and the contrast after color change is not high;

tenth, comparative example 14 reflects that when the amount of citric acid chelated copper is larger relative to PEG, the amount of hydroxyl provided is smaller, which causes the gel network to be less dense, and thus the contrast after color change is not high;

eleventh, in comparative example 15, when the PEG molecular weight is too large, the PEG is already in a solid state at this time, a large amount of photo-crosslinking solvent is needed to dissolve, and the viscosity is too large, so that hydrolysis and alcoholysis of copper ions are prevented, and further, relatively few gel clusters of copper hydroxide are caused, resulting in a low contrast after color change;

twelfth, in comparative example 16, when the lower layer EVA was not frozen and crushed, since the addition amount of the citric acid chelated copper/PEG dispersion was large and the polarity of the system was also large, the dispersion was hardly absorbed sufficiently by the granular EVA, which finally resulted in a decrease in contrast after discoloration and a high haze; in example 1, the contact area of the frozen and crushed EVA is larger, and then the mixture is stirred and heated in an auxiliary way, so that the dispersion liquid is well adhered to the surface of the EVA;

thirteen, in comparative example 17, since the addition amount of the dispersion of citric acid chelated copper/PEG was too large, the dispersion was difficult to be further absorbed by the crushed EVA, and the longer the heating and stirring time, the citric acid chelated copper was gradually separated out, and the haze was large;

fourteen, the lower layer of the comparative example 18 omits the citric acid chelated copper/PEG, so that the contrast ratio is reduced to zero;

fifteen, the middle layer of the comparative example 19 is removed Ce, Y codoped Cs_0.33WO₃Nanoceramic materials, as a result of which the transmission of visible light cannot be enhanced;

sixthly, after the nano-silver wire composite nano-ceramic material is removed from the upper layer of the comparative example 20, the near-infrared reflection of 800-2500 nm becomes small;

seventhly, after the EVA raw materials of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the comparative example 21 are all replaced by the Japanese Mitsui EVA-150, because the three layers have consistent material flowability, after the EVA materials pass through a distributor, the three layers of films are easy to permeate, the functional materials are mixed together, the comprehensive performance of the materials is damaged, and meanwhile, the haze is also large.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermochromic material, comprising: the thermochromic material contains a copper chelate and a hydroxyl-containing polymer, and the hydroxyl-containing polymer coats the copper chelate; the molecular weight of the hydroxyl-containing polymer is 200-2000; the hydroxyl-containing polymer comprises any one or combination of polyethylene glycol, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, polyglycerol and starch; the copper chelate comprises any one or combination of more of citric acid chelated copper, alanine chelated copper, glutamic acid chelated copper and EDTA-Cu.

2. The thermochromic material of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the hydroxyl-containing polymer to the copper chelate is (5-30): 1.

3. the thermochromic material of claim 2, wherein: the mass ratio of the hydroxyl-containing polymer to the copper chelate is 5-20: 1.

4. a method for preparing a thermochromic material according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: dispersing the copper chelate in a solvent, and then mixing the copper chelate with a hydroxyl-containing polymer to obtain the thermochromic material, wherein the solvent comprises any one or more of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, triallyl isocyanurate, dicyclopentadiene ethoxy methacrylate and acryloyl morpholine.

5. A thermochromic composition characterized by: the thermochromic composition contains the thermochromic material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The thermochromic composition of claim 5, wherein: the thermochromic composition comprises the following raw materials:

elastomeric material

Dispersions of thermochromic materials

Crosslinking agent

Coupling agent

An auxiliary agent;

the elastomer material comprises any one or a combination of more of EVA, SBS, POE, SIS, hydrogenated SIS, TPU and PP;

the cross-linking agent comprises any one or more of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (2-ethylhexanoylperoxide) hexane, 1-di-tert-butylperoxy-3, 3, 5-methylcyclohexane, 1-ditert-amylperoxycyclohexane and tert-butyl peroxyisobutyrate;

the coupling agent comprises any one or combination of more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane;

the auxiliary agent comprises one or a combination of more of an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer and an antioxidant;

the ultraviolet absorbent comprises any one or more of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxy benzophenone, 2- (2' -hydroxy-3 ',5' -di-tert-amyl phenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (4, 6-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2-yl) -5-octyloxyphenol, 2- (2' -hydroxy-5 ' -tert-octyl) phenyl benzotriazole, nano zinc oxide and nano cerium oxide;

the light stabilizer comprises any one or more of bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate and poly (4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidyl ethanol) succinate;

the antioxidant comprises any one or a combination of more of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate), tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, an antioxidant 1098, an antioxidant 1010, an antioxidant 1076, an antioxidant CA and an antioxidant 164.

7. The thermochromic composition according to claim 6, wherein: the thermochromic composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

100 parts of elastomer material

0.1-10 parts of dispersion liquid of thermochromic material

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-1.5 parts of an auxiliary agent.

8. The thermochromic composition of claim 6, wherein: in the thermochromic composition, the melt index of the elastomer material is 20-50 g/10min at 190 ℃ under the test condition of 2.16 kg.

9. A process for the preparation of a thermochromic composition according to any of claims 6 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: and mixing the elastomer material, the dispersion liquid of the thermochromic material, the crosslinking agent, the coupling agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain the thermochromic composition.

10. An insulating material, characterized in that: the heat insulating material contains the thermochromic composition according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

11. A light adjusting film is characterized in that: the light adjusting film comprises a thermochromic layer, an upper conversion layer and a reflecting layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the thermochromic layer contains the thermochromic composition as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, and the upper conversion layer contains Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Whereinx：y：z：m=0.001～0.05：0.001～0.03：0.33：1；

Or, the light-adjusting film comprises a thermochromic layer and an up-conversion layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the thermochromic layer contains the thermochromic composition as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, and the up-conversion layer contains Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃Whereinx：y：z：m=0.001～0.05：0.001～0.03：0.33：1；

Alternatively, the light-adjusting film comprises a thermochromic layer and a reflective layer which are sequentially stacked, the thermochromic layer containing the thermochromic composition according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

12. The light adjusting film according to claim 11, wherein: the Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing tungsten salt and cesium salt for reaction, then mixing with cerium salt and yttrium salt for reaction to obtain a precursor; calcining the precursor to obtain Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃。

13. The light adjusting film according to claim 11, wherein: the up-conversion layer is formed by an up-conversion composition, and the up-conversion composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

100 parts of elastomer material

Ce_xY_yCs_zW_mO₃0.05 to 0.75 portion

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-1.5 parts of an auxiliary agent;

in the upconversion composition, the melt index of the elastomer material under the test conditions of 190 ℃ and 2.16kg is 1-10 g/10 min.

14. The light adjusting film according to claim 13, wherein: the reflecting layer contains a nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material, and the nano silver wire composite material has a structure that nano silver wires wrap nano ceramic; the mass ratio of the nano silver wire to the nano ceramic is 1: 2 to 6.

15. The light adjusting film according to claim 14, wherein: the wire diameter of the nano silver wire is 10-50 nm; the length of the nano silver wire is 5-50 mu m.

16. The light adjusting film according to claim 15, wherein: the nano ceramic comprises any one or combination of more of indium tin oxide, tin antimony oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide and aluminum-doped zinc oxide.

17. The light adjusting film according to claim 16, wherein: the reflective layer is formed from a reflective composition;

the reflecting composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

100 parts of elastomer material

0.01-0.24 part of nano silver wire composite nano ceramic material

0.1-1 part of cross-linking agent

0.1-1 part of coupling agent

0.1-1.5 parts of an auxiliary agent;

in the reflecting composition, the melt index of the elastomer material under the test conditions of 190 ℃ and 2.16kg is 20-50 g/10 min.

18. A method for producing a light-adjusting film according to claim 17, comprising: the light modulation film comprises a thermochromic layer, an up-conversion layer and a reflecting layer which are sequentially stacked, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: and carrying out tape casting, extrusion, cooling and molding on the reflecting composition, the up-conversion composition and the thermochromic composition to obtain the light adjusting film.

19. A laminated glass characterized in that: the laminated glass contains the thermochromic material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the thermochromic composition as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8; alternatively, the laminated glass comprises the light-adjusting film according to any one of claims 11 to 17.

20. The laminated glass according to claim 19, wherein: the laminated glass comprises a first glass layer, the light-adjusting film according to any one of claims 11 to 17, and a second glass layer, which are sequentially laminated.

21. Use of the laminated glass of claim 19 or 20 in a building door or window or a glass curtain wall.