CN113664578B - Automatic machining tool and process method for low-pressure turbine working blade - Google Patents
Automatic machining tool and process method for low-pressure turbine working blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN113664578B CN113664578B CN202110993594.0A CN202110993594A CN113664578B CN 113664578 B CN113664578 B CN 113664578B CN 202110993594 A CN202110993594 A CN 202110993594A CN 113664578 B CN113664578 B CN 113664578B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
- B23Q3/063—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material for holding turbine blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/02—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from one piece
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
An automatic machining tool for a low-pressure turbine working blade and a process method thereof comprise a positioning module and a pressing module, wherein the pressing module is installed on the positioning module to form a square box tool, the positioning module comprises a square upper datum, a limiting pin hole for installing a positioning pin is machined at one end of the square upper datum, limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the other end of the square upper datum, a profile positioning datum of the square upper datum is matched with a profile of a blade back of the blade, and an inclined surface I is machined on the outer side of the upper surface of the square upper datum; the pressing module comprises a square lower datum, a groove is machined in the lower surface of the square lower datum, a profile movable pressing block connected with the square lower datum through a connecting mechanism is installed in the groove, a pressing bolt is arranged at the center of the pressing module, the profile movable pressing block is matched with a profile of the blade basin, and an inclined surface II is machined on the outer side of the lower end face of the square lower datum. The invention reduces the difficulty of clamping and processing, unifies the processing reference in the whole processing process and avoids the error caused by multiple reference conversion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic blade machining, and particularly relates to an automatic machining tool and a process method for a low-pressure turbine working blade.
Background
The low-pressure turbine working blade of the aircraft engine is of a slender and thin-walled structure, the blade body of the low-pressure turbine working blade is formed by non-allowance precision casting, and the peripheries of a tenon and a blade crown need to be machined.
Generally, the main machining of the low-vortex blade involves 10-15 different processes, each basic process involves changing of a machining standard, different special tools need to be distributed and distributed on different machining machines to perform single-process distributed machining, and integrated machining is difficult to achieve. However, the design reference is usually six spatial reference points, as shown in fig. 1, in order to match the design reference as much as possible, the positioning and pressing positions of the tool are mostly related to the irregular curved surface, and the automatic clamping of the machining process is difficult to realize, and the automation of the machining unit cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic processing tool and a process method for a low-pressure turbine working blade.
An automatic machining tool for low-pressure turbine working blades comprises a positioning module and a pressing module, wherein the positioning module is provided with the pressing module to form a square box tool, the positioning module and the square box tool are fixed through a quick caliper, the positioning module comprises a square upper datum, a limiting pin hole is machined in one end face of the square upper datum, a positioning pin is installed in the limiting pin hole, a limiting block is symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the other end of the square upper datum, the profile positioning datum of the square upper datum is matched with a profile of a blade back of a blade, the profile positioning datum is divided into a plurality of small blocks, the tops of the small blocks are subjected to rounding processing to form a profile positioning dot matrix, the outer side of the upper surface of the square upper datum is machined into an inclined surface I, and the side wall of the square upper datum is provided with the quick caliper through an ear seat; compress tightly the module and include square benchmark down, the surface processing is fluted under the square benchmark, install the profile activity compact heap of being connected through coupling mechanism and square benchmark down in the recess, and the center department that compresses tightly the module is provided with clamp bolt, the profile activity compact heap is identical with the profile of blade leaf basin, a plurality of fritters are cut apart into to profile activity compact heap cambered surface, and a plurality of fritters bottom radius processing form the profile and compress tightly the dot matrix, the terminal surface outside processing has with I complex oblique shape face II of oblique shape under the square benchmark.
The connecting mechanism comprises a connecting screw and a spring, the spring is sleeved on a screw rod of the connecting screw, the connecting screw penetrates through a counter bore of the square lower datum and a screw hole of the profile movable pressing block to connect the square lower datum with the profile movable pressing block, the top end of the spring abuts against the lower surface of a nut of the connecting screw, and the bottom end of the spring abuts against the upper surface of the profile movable pressing block.
A process method for machining a low-pressure turbine blade by using an automatic machining tool for a low-pressure turbine working blade comprises the following steps:
Manually taking a blank blade, aligning the profile of the blade back of the blank blade with the profile positioning reference in the positioning module in the square box tool, and enabling the edge plate of the blank blade to be close to the positioning pin, so that six degrees of freedom of translation and torsion of the blank blade in X, Y, Z three directions are limited; a pressing module in a square box tool is taken out, an inclined surface II is matched with an inclined surface I of the positioning module, and the bottom surface is abutted against a limiting block of the positioning module to realize positioning; tightening the compression bolt by using a force-limiting wrench to enable the profile movable compression block of the compression module to compress the profile of the blank blade basin; pulling the quick calipers to press the positioning module and the pressing module to form a square box structure with blank blades; manually putting the square box structure into a stock bin, and feeding an incoming material signal back to a control system of the warehouse card industrial robot by a bin position sensor in the stock bin;
The control system of the warehouse card industrial robot controls a clamping square box structure of the warehouse card industrial robot to be placed on a platform of a three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine calls a measuring program on the control system, detects a square box tooling datum and a six-point datum of a blank blade and feeds a deviation value of the two datum to the control system of the three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine transmits the deviation value data to a five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center, and the control system of the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center autonomously finishes adjustment of online offset;
The method comprises the following steps that a warehouse clamping industrial robot clamps a square box structure and puts the square box structure into an automatic fixture clamping station, a tenon machining fixture with a zero point quick-change system mother disc is selected, the square box structure is put into a square-shaped fixture of the tenon machining fixture with the zero point quick-change system mother disc, the tenon of a blade is guaranteed to be placed upwards, accurate positioning is achieved, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, and a compression screw on the square-shaped fixture on the tenon machining fixture with the zero point quick-change system mother disc is screwed; the warehouse card industrial robot clamps a tenon switching processing tool with a zero-point quick-change system mother disc, and the tool is placed on a zero-point quick-change system male disc of a five-axis slow-entry grinding processing center to realize quick-change positioning and pressing; the five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center automatically adds the deviation value measured by the three-coordinate measuring machine in the step 2 into zero offset, and realizes that an actual machining coordinate system is overlapped with a workpiece coordinate system formed by six-point reference of a blank blade through fine adjustment of each axis of the five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center; through a two-dimensional overturning workbench arranged in a five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center, the blank blade can rotate around a Z axis, the switching of different machining stations of the tenon tooth, the basin-direction edge plate, the back-direction edge plate, the tenon air inlet edge, the tenon air outlet edge, the bottom surface of the tenon tooth and the locking plate groove is completed, a required grinding wheel is automatically updated, a machining program is automatically called, and the machining of the tenon of the blade is completed;
After the blade tenon is machined, the warehouse clamping industrial robot clamps a tenon machining tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc, the tenon machining tool is placed in an automatic tool clamping station, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, a compression screw on a square-shaped clamp on the tenon machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc is loosened, and a square box structure is taken out; selecting a blade shroud processing tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc, putting a square box structure on a square-shaped clamp of the blade shroud processing tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc, ensuring that a blade shroud is placed upwards, realizing accurate positioning, grabbing a force limiting wrench by a warehouse card industrial robot, and screwing a compression screw on the square-shaped clamp on the blade shroud processing tool of the zero point quick-change system mother disc; the blade crown processing tool of the mother disc with the zero-point quick-change system is clamped by the storehouse card industrial robot and is placed on a male disc of the zero-point quick-change system of a five-axis slow-entry grinding processing center, so that quick positioning and pressing are realized; the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center automatically adds the deviation value measured by the three-coordinate measuring machine in the step 2 into zero deviation, and realizes that an actual machining coordinate system is overlapped with a workpiece coordinate system formed by six-point reference of a blank blade through fine adjustment of each axis of the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center; the method comprises the following steps of realizing the rotation of a blank blade around a Z axis through a two-dimensional turnover worktable arranged in a five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center, completing the switching of different machining stations of a blade shroud air inlet edge, a blade shroud air outlet edge, a blade shroud top surface, a basin-direction blade shroud and a back-direction blade shroud, automatically updating a required grinding wheel, automatically calling a machining program and completing the machining of the blade shroud;
After the blade crown is machined, the warehouse clamping industrial robot clamps a blade crown machining tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc and puts the blade crown machining tool into an automatic tool clamping station, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, a compression screw on a square-shaped clamp on the blade crown machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc is loosened, and a square box structure is taken out; the warehouse card industrial robot grabs and processes the rear box structure, and puts the rear box structure into the three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine calls a measuring program in the three-coordinate measuring machine, a workpiece coordinate system is established according to the six-point reference of the original blank blade in the step 2, the sizes of all processed surfaces of the processed blade are detected, a control system of the three-coordinate measuring machine automatically judges, and the detection information of the processed blade is stored;
step 6, auxiliary Process
After the detection of the processed blade is finished, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps the processed rear box structure and puts the processed rear box structure into a cleaning basket to finish automatic cleaning and drying; after cleaning, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps and processes the rear box structure and puts the rear box structure on the workbench of the automatic marking machine to realize automatic marking; after the marking is finished, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps and processes the rear box structure and puts the rear box structure into a stock bin;
And (3) manually taking the processed rear box structure, loosening the quick calipers of the processed rear box structure, loosening the compression bolts in the compression modules by using a force limiting wrench, taking out the finished blades, and packaging.
The square-shaped clamp comprises a square-shaped base body, a limiting block, a pressing block and a pressing screw, one end of the square-shaped base body is closed and one end of the square-shaped base body is open, the limiting block is arranged on the upper surface of an inner cavity of the closed end, a square box structure is installed on the limiting block, a base plane is processed at one angle of the square-shaped base body, a counter bore is processed on the base plane, a screw is installed in the counter bore, a screw rod of the screw penetrates through the square-shaped base body to extend to the inside to be connected with the pressing block, a spring is sleeved on the screw rod of the screw, one end of the spring is abutted to the bottom of a large bore of the counter bore, and the other end of the spring is abutted to the lower surface of the screw cap.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the low-pressure turbine working blade with the tenon and the blade crown can be clamped into the square box through the tool, the complex spatial six-point positioning datum of a blank is transferred to the simple and regular square box datum through deviation compensation, the complexity of the working blade machining tool is reduced, the machining deformation is effectively reduced, the clamping and machining difficulties are reduced, the machining datum in the whole machining process is unified, errors caused by multiple datum conversion are avoided, and meanwhile, multi-process integrated machining, automatic feeding and discharging, automatic machining and detection can be realized on five-axis slow-entry grinding center equipment.
Through automated processing, the processing cycle of low vortex working vane can shorten 50%, and the processing qualification rate can promote 5%, realizes the automation through the course of working simultaneously, can reduce operating personnel's configuration by a wide margin, reduces the cost of labor.
The shape of the profile positioning datum in the positioning module and the movable pressing block in the pressing module are consistent with the blade profile of the blade, the profile is finished by numerical control milling, the whole profile is divided into a plurality of positioning blocks through numerical control programming, and the influence of pressing deformation on the blade caused by over-positioning is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a six point datum first perspective view of a low pressure turbine bucket blank of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a six point datum second perspective view of a low pressure turbine bucket blank of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a positioning module of the automated machining tool for low-pressure turbine rotor blades according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a positioning module of the automated tooling for low pressure turbine rotor blades according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a positioning module of the automated tooling for low pressure turbine rotor blades according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a hold down module of the automated tooling for low pressure turbine rotor blades of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a bottom view of a hold down module of the automated tooling assembly for low pressure turbine rotor blades of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a pressing module of the automated tooling for low-pressure turbine rotor blades according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a clamping blade of the automated machining tool for low-pressure turbine rotor blades of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of a clamping blade of the automated processing tooling for low pressure turbine rotor blades of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the automatic processing tool for the low-pressure turbine working blade of the present invention in cooperation with a zero-point quick-change system;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the automated processing tooling for low-pressure turbine working blades of the present invention in cooperation with a jig shaped like a Chinese character hui;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the integrated blade dovetail machining of the low pressure turbine rotor blade of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the integrated machining of the blade shroud of the low pressure turbine rotor blade of the present invention;
1-square upper datum, 2-inclined surface I, 3-limit pin hole, 4-profile positioning datum, 5-profile positioning lattice, 6-limit block, 7-square lower datum, 8-inclined surface II, 9-profile movable pressing block, 10-profile pressing lattice, 11-pressing bolt, 12-connecting screw, 13-spring, 14-positioning pin, 15-blade shroud, 16-blade tenon, 17-quick caliper, 18-flange plate, 19-zero quick-change system mother disc, 20-zero quick-change system male disc, 21-blank blade, 22-square box structure, 23-square-shaped base body, 24-limit block, 25-pressing block, 26-pressing screw and 27-spring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figures 1 to 8, the automatic machining tool for the low-pressure turbine working blade comprises a positioning module and a pressing module, wherein the positioning module and the pressing module form a square box tool, the positioning module is positioned at the lower side, a blank blade is placed between the positioning module and the pressing module and is fixed by a quick caliper 17, at the moment, six benchmarks of the blank blade 21 are all exposed outside the machining tool, the positioning module comprises a square upper benchmark 1, a limiting pin hole 3 is machined in one end face of the square upper benchmark 1, a positioning pin 14 is installed in the limiting pin hole 3, limiting blocks 6 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the other end, a profile positioning benchmark 4 is machined on the upper surface of the square upper benchmark 1, the profile positioning benchmark 4 is matched with a blade profile of a blade back of the blade, the profile positioning benchmark 4 is divided into a plurality of small blocks, and the tops of the small blocks are rounded to form a profile positioning dot matrix 5, the outer side of the upper surface of the square upper datum 1 is processed into an inclined surface I2, the side wall of the square upper datum 1 is provided with a quick caliper 17 through an ear seat, and the quick caliper 17 is a purchased part; compress tightly the module and include square benchmark 7 down, square 7 lower surface processing on the benchmark have a recess, install the profile activity compact heap 9 of being connected through coupling mechanism and square benchmark 7 down in the recess, and the center department that compresses tightly the module is provided with clamp bolt 11, profile activity compact heap 9 is identical with the leaf type of blade leaf basin, a plurality of fritters are cut apart into to profile activity compact heap 9 cambered surface, and a plurality of fritters bottom radius processing form the profile and compress tightly dot matrix 10, square 7 lower extreme off-plate surface side processing have with the inclined plane I2 complex inclined plane II 8 down, square 7 lateral walls on the benchmark be provided with quick calliper 17 complex couple.
The connecting mechanism comprises a connecting screw 12 and a spring 13, the spring 13 is sleeved on a screw rod of the connecting screw 12, the connecting screw 12 penetrates through a counter bore of the square lower datum 7 and a screw hole of the profile movable pressing block 9 to connect the square lower datum 7 with the profile movable pressing block 9, the top end of the spring 13 abuts against the lower surface of a screw cap of the connecting screw 12, and the bottom end of the spring 13 abuts against the upper surface of the profile movable pressing block 9; when the pressing bolt 11 is not installed, the lower surface of the square lower datum 7 is attached to the upper surface of the molded surface movable pressing block 9, and a gap is formed between the lower surface of a nut of the connecting screw 12 and the bottom of a large hole of a countersunk hole of the square lower datum 7; after the pressing bolt 11 is installed, the end part of the screw rod of the pressing bolt 11 tightly pushes the upper surface of the profile movable pressing block 9, so that a gap is generated between the profile movable pressing block 9 and the square lower datum 7, and the lower surface of the screw cap of the connecting screw 12 is attached to the bottom of the large hole of the countersunk hole of the square lower datum 7.
A process method for machining a low-pressure turbine blade by using an automatic machining tool for a low-pressure turbine working blade comprises the following steps:
Manually taking a blank blade 21, aligning the profile of the blade back of the blank blade 21 with the profile positioning datum 4 in the positioning module in the square box tooling, and abutting the flange plate 18 of the blank blade with the positioning pin 14 so as to limit six degrees of freedom of translation and torsion of the blank blade 21 in X, Y, Z three directions, as shown in fig. 9 and 10; a pressing module in the square box tool is taken out, an inclined surface II 8 is matched with an inclined surface I2 of the positioning module, and the bottom surface is abutted against a limiting block 6 of the positioning module to realize positioning; tightening the pressing bolt 11 by using a force-limiting wrench to enable the profile movable pressing block 9 of the pressing module to press the profile of the blade basin of the blank blade 21; pulling the quick calipers 17 to press the positioning module and the pressing module to form a square box structure 22 with blank blades 21; manually putting the square box structure 22 into a stock bin, and feeding an incoming material signal back to a control system of the warehouse card industrial robot by a bin position sensor in the stock bin;
The control system of the warehouse card industrial robot controls the warehouse card industrial robot clamping square box structure 22 to be placed on a platform of the three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine calls a measuring program on the three-coordinate measuring machine, detects a square box tooling standard and a six-point standard of a blank blade 21, and feeds a deviation value of the two standards back to a deviation table of the control system of the three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine transmits the deviation value data to a five-axis creep feed grinding machining center, and the control system of the five-axis creep feed grinding machining center autonomously finishes adjustment of online deviation;
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the warehouse clamping industrial robot clamping square box structure 22 is placed into an automatic fixture clamping station, a tenon machining fixture with a zero point quick-change system mother disc 19 is selected, a square-shaped clamp is fixedly mounted on the tenon machining fixture with the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19, the square box structure 22 is placed on the square-shaped clamp of the tenon machining fixture with the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19, the blade tenon 16 is enabled to be placed upwards, accurate positioning is achieved, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, and a compression screw on the square-shaped clamp on the tenon machining fixture with the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19 is screwed; the warehouse card industrial robot clamps a tenon switching processing tool with a zero-point quick-change system mother disc 19, and the tool is placed on a zero-point quick-change system male disc 20 of a five-axis slow-entry grinding processing center to realize quick-change positioning and pressing; the five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center automatically adds the deviation value measured by the three-coordinate measuring machine in the step 2 into zero offset, and realizes that an actual machining coordinate system is overlapped with a workpiece coordinate system formed by a six-point reference of a blank blade 21 through fine adjustment of each axis of the five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center; through a two-dimensional overturning workbench arranged in a five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center, the blank blade 21 can rotate around a Z axis, the switching of different machining stations of a tenon tooth, a basin-direction edge plate, a back-direction edge plate, a tenon air inlet edge, a tenon air outlet edge, the bottom surface of the tenon tooth and a locking plate groove is completed, a required grinding wheel is automatically updated, a machining program is automatically called, and the machining of a blade tenon 16 is completed, as shown in fig. 13;
After the blade tenon 16 is machined, the warehouse clamping industrial robot clamps a tenon machining tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc 19 and puts the tenon machining tool into an automatic tool clamping station, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, a compression screw on a square-shaped clamp on the tenon machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19 is loosened, and the square box structure 22 is taken out; selecting a blade shroud processing tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc 19, placing a square box structure 22 on a reversed-square-shaped clamp of the blade shroud processing tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19, ensuring that a blade shroud 15 is placed upwards, realizing accurate positioning, grabbing a force limiting wrench by a warehouse clamp industrial robot, and screwing a compression screw on the reversed-square-shaped clamp on the blade shroud processing tool of the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19; the blade crown processing tool with the zero-point quick-change system mother disc 19 is clamped by the storehouse card industrial robot and is placed on a zero-point quick-change system male disc 20 of a five-axis slow-entry grinding processing center, so that quick positioning and pressing are realized; the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center automatically adds the deviation value measured by the three-coordinate measuring machine in the step 2 into zero deviation, and realizes that an actual machining coordinate system is overlapped with a workpiece coordinate system formed by six-point reference of a blank blade through fine adjustment of each axis of the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center; through a two-dimensional overturning workbench arranged in a five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center, the blank blade is rotated around a Z axis, the switching of different machining stations of a blade shroud air inlet edge, a blade shroud air outlet edge, a blade shroud top surface, a basin-direction blade shroud and a back-direction blade shroud is completed, a required grinding wheel is automatically updated, a machining program is automatically called, and the machining of a blade shroud 15 is completed, as shown in FIG. 14;
After the blade crown is machined, the blade crown machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19 is clamped by the warehouse-card industrial robot and placed in an automatic tool clamping station, the warehouse-card industrial robot grabs a force-limiting wrench, a compression screw on a square-shaped clamp on the blade crown machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc 19 is loosened, and the square box structure 22 is taken out; the warehouse card industrial robot grabs the processed rear box structure 22 and puts the processed rear box structure into the three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine calls a measuring program in the three-coordinate measuring machine, a workpiece coordinate system is established according to the six-point reference of the original blank blade 21 in the step 2, the sizes of all processed surfaces of the processed blade are detected, a control system of the three-coordinate measuring machine automatically judges the sizes, and detection information of the processed blade is stored;
step 6, auxiliary Process
After the detection of the processed blade is finished, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps the processed rear box structure 22 and puts the processed rear box structure into a cleaning basket to finish automatic cleaning and drying; after cleaning, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps and processes the rear box structure 22 and puts the rear box structure on the workbench of the automatic marking machine to realize automatic marking; after the marking is finished, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps and processes the rear box structure 22 and puts the rear box structure into a stock bin;
And manually taking the processed rear box structure 22, loosening the quick calipers 17 of the processed rear box structure 22, loosening the compression bolts 11 in the compression module by using a force limiting wrench, taking out the finished blades, and packaging.
The square-shaped clamp comprises a square-shaped base body 23, a limiting block 24, a pressing block 25 and a pressing screw 26, one end of the square-shaped base body 23 is closed, one end of the square-shaped base body is open, the limiting block 24 is arranged on the upper surface of an inner cavity of the closed end, a square box structure 22 is arranged on the limiting block 24, one corner of the square-shaped base body 23 is processed into a base surface, a counter bore is processed on the base surface, the pressing screw 26 is arranged in the counter bore, a screw rod of the pressing screw 26 penetrates through the square-shaped base body 23 to extend to the inside to be connected with the pressing block 25, the pressing end of the pressing block 25 is processed into a right angle to be matched with the right-angle side of the square box structure 22, a placing groove with the same shape as the pressing block 25 is processed on the inner side of the square-shaped base body 23 and used for placing the pressing block 25, a spring 27 is sleeved on the screw rod of the pressing screw 26, one end of the spring 27 abuts against the bottom of a large-hole of the counter bore, and the other end abuts against the lower surface of the pressing screw cap of the pressing screw 26, the compression block is brought to compress the square box structure 22 by turning the compression screw 26.
Claims (4)
1. The automatic machining tool for the low-pressure turbine working blade is characterized by comprising a positioning module and a pressing module, wherein the pressing module is installed on the positioning module to form a square box tool, the positioning module and the square box tool are fixed through a quick caliper, the positioning module comprises a square upper datum, a limiting pin hole is machined in one end face of the square upper datum, a positioning pin is installed in the limiting pin hole, a limiting block is symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the other end of the square upper datum, a profile positioning datum of the square upper datum is matched with a profile of a blade back of the blade, the profile positioning datum is divided into a plurality of small blocks, the tops of the small blocks are subjected to rounding processing to form a profile positioning dot matrix, the outer side of the upper surface of the square upper datum is machined into an inclined surface I, and the side wall of the square upper datum is provided with the quick caliper through an ear seat; compress tightly the module and include square benchmark down, the surface processing is fluted under the square benchmark, install the profile activity compact heap of being connected through coupling mechanism and square benchmark down in the recess, and the center department that compresses tightly the module is provided with clamp bolt, the profile activity compact heap is identical with the profile of blade leaf basin, a plurality of fritters are cut apart into to profile activity compact heap cambered surface, and a plurality of fritters bottom radius processing form the profile and compress tightly the dot matrix, the terminal surface outside processing has with I complex oblique shape face II of oblique shape under the square benchmark.
2. The automated processing frock of low pressure turbine rotor blade of claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting mechanism comprises a connecting screw and a spring, the spring is sleeved on a screw rod of the connecting screw, the connecting screw penetrates through a counter bore of the square lower datum and a screw hole of the profile movable pressing block to connect the square lower datum with the profile movable pressing block, the top end of the spring abuts against the lower surface of a nut of the connecting screw, and the bottom end of the spring abuts against the upper surface of the profile movable pressing block.
3. The process method for machining the low-pressure turbine blade by using the automatic machining tool for the low-pressure turbine working blade as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, manual feeding
Manually taking a blank blade, aligning the profile of the blade back of the blank blade with a profile positioning reference in a positioning module in a square box tool, and enabling an edge plate of the blank blade to be close to a positioning pin, so that six degrees of freedom of translation and torsion of the blank blade in X, Y, Z three directions are limited; a pressing module in the square box tool is taken out, and is matched with an inclined surface I of the positioning module through an inclined surface II, and the bottom surface is leaned against a limiting block of the positioning module to realize positioning; tightening the compression bolt by using a force-limiting wrench to enable the profile movable compression block of the compression module to compress the profile of the blank blade basin; pulling the quick calipers to press the positioning module and the pressing module to form a square box structure with blank blades; manually putting the square box structure into a stock bin, and feeding an incoming material signal back to a control system of the warehouse card industrial robot by a bin position sensor in the stock bin;
step 2, blank detection and deviation compensation
The control system of the warehouse card industrial robot controls a clamping square box structure of the warehouse card industrial robot to be placed on a platform of a three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine calls a measuring program on the control system, detects a square box tooling datum and a six-point datum of a blank blade and feeds a deviation value of the two datum to the control system of the three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine transmits the deviation value data to a five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center, and the control system of the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center autonomously finishes adjustment of online offset;
step 3, blade replacement and tenon machining
The method comprises the following steps that a warehouse clamping industrial robot clamps a square box structure and puts the square box structure into an automatic tool clamping station, a tenon machining tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc is selected, the square box structure is put into a reversed-square-shaped clamp of the tenon machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc, the fact that the tenon of a blade is placed upwards is guaranteed, accurate positioning is achieved, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, and a compression screw on the reversed-square-shaped clamp on the tenon machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc is screwed; the warehouse card industrial robot clamps a tenon switching processing tool with a zero-point quick-change system mother disc, and the tool is placed on a zero-point quick-change system male disc of a five-axis slow-entry grinding processing center to realize quick-change positioning and pressing; the five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center automatically adds the deviation value measured by the three-coordinate measuring machine in the step 2 into zero offset, and realizes that an actual machining coordinate system is overlapped with a workpiece coordinate system formed by six-point reference of a blank blade through fine adjustment of each axis of the five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center; through a two-dimensional overturning workbench arranged in a five-axis slow-advancing grinding machining center, the blank blade can rotate around a Z axis, the switching of different machining stations of the tenon tooth, the basin-direction edge plate, the back-direction edge plate, the tenon air inlet edge, the tenon air outlet edge, the bottom surface of the tenon tooth and the locking plate groove is completed, a required grinding wheel is automatically updated, a machining program is automatically called, and the machining of the tenon of the blade is completed;
step 4, blade replacement and blade shroud processing
After the blade tenon is machined, the warehouse clamping industrial robot clamps a tenon machining tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc, the tenon machining tool is placed in an automatic tool clamping station, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, a compression screw on a square-shaped clamp on the tenon machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc is loosened, and a square box structure is taken out; selecting a blade shroud processing tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc, putting a square box structure on a square-shaped clamp of the blade shroud processing tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc, ensuring that a blade shroud is placed upwards, realizing accurate positioning, grabbing a force limiting wrench by a warehouse card industrial robot, and screwing a compression screw on the square-shaped clamp on the blade shroud processing tool of the zero point quick-change system mother disc; the warehouse card industrial robot clamps a blade crown processing tool with a mother disc of a zero-point quick-change system, and the blade crown processing tool is placed on a male disc of the zero-point quick-change system of a five-axis slow-entry grinding processing center to realize quick positioning and pressing; the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center automatically adds the deviation value measured by the three-coordinate measuring machine in the step 2 into zero deviation, and realizes that an actual machining coordinate system is overlapped with a workpiece coordinate system formed by six-point reference of a blank blade through fine adjustment of each axis of the five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center; the method comprises the following steps of realizing the rotation of a blank blade around a Z axis through a two-dimensional turnover worktable arranged in a five-axis slow-entry grinding machining center, completing the switching of different machining stations of a blade shroud air inlet edge, a blade shroud air outlet edge, a blade shroud top surface, a basin-direction blade shroud and a back-direction blade shroud, automatically updating a required grinding wheel, automatically calling a machining program and completing the machining of the blade shroud;
step 5, finished product detection
After the blade crown is machined, the warehouse clamping industrial robot clamps a blade crown machining tool with a zero point quick-change system mother disc and puts the blade crown machining tool into an automatic tool clamping station, the warehouse clamping industrial robot grabs a force limiting wrench, a compression screw on a square-shaped clamp on the blade crown machining tool with the zero point quick-change system mother disc is loosened, and a square box structure is taken out; the warehouse card industrial robot grabs and processes the rear box structure, the rear box structure is placed into a three-coordinate measuring machine, the three-coordinate measuring machine calls a measuring program in the three-coordinate measuring machine, a workpiece coordinate system is established according to the six-point reference of the original blank blade in the step 2, the size of all processed surfaces of the processed blade is detected, a control system of the three-coordinate measuring machine automatically judges and stores detection information of the processed blade;
step 6, auxiliary Process
After the detection of the processed blade is finished, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps the processed rear box structure and puts the processed rear box structure into a cleaning basket to finish automatic cleaning and drying; after cleaning, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps and processes the rear box structure and puts the rear box structure on the workbench of the automatic marking machine to realize automatic marking; after the marking is finished, the warehouse card industrial robot clamps and processes the rear box structure and puts the rear box structure into a stock bin;
step 7, discharging
And (3) manually taking the processed rear box structure, loosening the quick calipers of the processed rear box structure, loosening the compression bolts in the compression modules by using a force limiting wrench, taking out the finished blades, and packaging.
4. The process method for machining the low-pressure turbine blade by using the automatic machining tool for the low-pressure turbine working blade as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: the square-shaped clamp comprises a square-shaped base body, a limiting block, a pressing block and a pressing screw, one end of the square-shaped base body is closed and one end of the square-shaped base body is open, the limiting block is arranged on the upper surface of an inner cavity of the closed end, a square box structure is installed on the limiting block, a base plane is processed at one angle of the square-shaped base body, a counter bore is processed on the base plane, a screw is installed in the counter bore, a screw rod of the screw penetrates through the square-shaped base body to extend to the inside to be connected with the pressing block, a spring is sleeved on the screw rod of the screw, one end of the spring is abutted to the bottom of a large bore of the counter bore, and the other end of the spring is abutted to the lower surface of the screw cap.
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| CN106312869A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 中国南方航空工业(集团)有限公司 | Tenon clamping and positioning device for metering turbine blades |
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| FR2956996B1 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-06-01 | Snecma | DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING A DAWN BY ITS BLADE DURING THE MACHINING OF ITS FOOT |
| CN102962694B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2015-09-30 | 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 | For the accurately machined clamping and positioning device of aero engine turbine blades |
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| CN104028983B (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-04-27 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | A kind of fir-tree root class turbine blade manufacturing process |
| US10227874B2 (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2019-03-12 | General Electric Company | Tooling fixture assembly for processing a component of a gas turbine engine |
| CN106363431A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-02-01 | 中国南方航空工业(集团)有限公司 | Machining method for tenon tooth of shrouded turbine blade |
| CN111843557B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-07-16 | 无锡航亚科技股份有限公司 | Stator blade following clamp and rapid clamping method using same |
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