CN113663191A - Auxiliary balloon assembly for endotracheal tube - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube, the endotracheal tube comprising a tube body having a main air passage surrounded by a tube wall, a balloon being provided at an insertion end of the tube body, the balloon being inflatable and expandable to secure the endotracheal tube within a trachea; a drainage port is arranged on the tube wall of the tube body which is arranged at the upstream of the saccule and is close to the saccule; the method is characterized in that: the auxiliary balloon component is arranged on the tube body at the upstream of the balloon, and the downstream end of the auxiliary balloon component is close to the upstream end of the balloon; the secondary balloon assembly comprises a secondary balloon having a downstream section with a depression matching the drainage port so as not to cover the drainage port when the secondary balloon is positioned on the tube; wherein the upstream section of the secondary balloon has a higher inflation priority than the downstream section thereof, and when the downstream section is inflated, at least a portion of the upstream section has inflated against the inner wall of the trachea.

Description

Auxiliary balloon assembly for endotracheal tube

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical auxiliary instrument, in particular to a secondary balloon component for an endotracheal tube.

Background

The endotracheal tube is an artificial airway therapeutic apparatus widely used in clinic, when in use, the endotracheal tube is put into the trachea through an oral/nasal or tracheotomy opening to establish a breathing passage; the artificial airway can solve the anoxia symptom caused by the blockage of the respiratory passage. The conventional endotracheal tube is generally provided with a balloon at an insertion end, wherein the balloon is generally in an uninflated state in the process of placing the endotracheal tube into a trachea and taking the endotracheal tube out of the trachea so as to avoid damaging the trachea; and the balloon is inflated after the catheter is placed so as to seal the primary airway outside the catheter and fix the catheter in the trachea. After the endotracheal tube with the balloon is placed in the trachea, swallowing action of a patient is limited, and oral secretion and esophageal reflux caused by stomach stimulation are retained in the trachea at the upper part of the balloon and are sucked into the lung by the patient after the endotracheal tube is taken out, so that pulmonary inflammation, namely ventilator-related pneumonia is caused.

In the prior art, a drainage port and a corresponding drainage channel which are positioned at the upper part of a saccule are arranged on an endotracheal tube so as to extract retentate above the saccule. However, such drainage means can only function when the drainage opening is covered by liquid retentate, and when the liquid retentate in the trachea cannot cover the drainage opening, drainage will be terminated, but at this time, the liquid retentate in the trachea of the patient is not completely removed.

Although the medical staff with rich experience can adjust the posture of the endotracheal tube according to the body position of the patient when putting the endotracheal tube into the trachea, so that the drainage port is positioned at the lower side, thereby improving the absorption rate of the liquid retentate at the upper part of the endotracheal balloon. However, at present, for the purpose of ensuring the success rate of the endotracheal tube insertion and protecting the tracheal wall of the patient, the endotracheal tube has a certain curvature, which generally does not allow the medical staff to arbitrarily adjust the insertion posture of the endotracheal tube. And different patients have different actual positions after the endotracheal tube is placed due to actual requirements of operations and the like, so that the drainage port cannot be ensured to be at the lowest position, and liquid retentate in the trachea cannot be sufficiently sucked. In addition, the drained liquid retentate is generally viscous, poorly flowing, and can adhere to the inner wall of the drainage tube and the outer wall of the endotracheal tube and re-flow back into the patient's trachea at the end or during the interval between drainage procedures. This all results in ventilator-associated pneumonia being difficult to prevent effectively.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a sub-balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube, which can effectively prevent residual liquid at the upstream side of the balloon, and at the same time, can effectively remove secretions/regurgitations adhering to the outer side wall of the endotracheal tube.

In the present invention, "upstream" refers to a side away from the insertion end in the axial direction of the endotracheal tube, and "downstream" refers to a side close to the insertion end.

Specifically, the invention provides a secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube, the endotracheal tube comprising a tube body having a main air passage surrounded by a tube wall, the main air passage being for establishing an artificial airway between a lung and a breathing assistance device, the tube body being provided at an insertion end thereof with a balloon which can be inflated and expanded so that, when the endotracheal tube is placed into a trachea, the endotracheal tube can be fixed against an inner wall of the trachea; a drainage port is arranged on the tube wall of the tube body at the upstream of the balloon and close to the balloon, and is communicated with the drainage channel so as to allow the liquid retentate in the trachea to be sucked by an external instrument; the auxiliary balloon component is arranged on the tube body at the upstream of the balloon, the downstream end of the auxiliary balloon component is close to the upstream end of the balloon, and the auxiliary balloon component is arranged not to cover the drainage port, so that the drainage port can be directly contacted with liquid retentate.

Preferably, the secondary balloon assembly comprises a secondary balloon having a downstream section with a concavity matching the drainage port so that when the secondary balloon is positioned on the tube, it does not cover the drainage port, resulting in poor drainage.

Preferably, the upstream section of the secondary balloon has a higher inflation priority than the downstream section thereof, and when the downstream section is inflated, at least a portion of the upstream section has inflated against the inner wall of the trachea. This feature may be used to prevent liquid retentate from moving upstream from the annulus between the secondary balloon and the inner wall of the trachea when the secondary balloon is inflated and occupies the retention space within the trachea.

Preferably, a first air path for inflating the balloon and a second air path for inflating the auxiliary balloon are formed in the tube wall of the tube body.

Preferably, the upstream section of the secondary balloon has a circumferential dimension (diameter, circumference, etc.) greater than the circumferential dimension of the downstream section thereof in a free state or uninflated state, so that when the secondary balloon is inflated, its upstream section expands in preference to the downstream section.

Preferably, the wall thickness of the upstream section of the secondary balloon is less than the wall thickness of the downstream section thereof, such that when the secondary balloon is inflated, the upstream section thereof expands in preference to the downstream section.

The two preferred ways rely on the arrangement of the secondary balloon itself, which can be used to close the upper end of the retention space well at the beginning of the process of squeezing the retention space, thus preventing the liquid retentate from moving upstream. However, most of the time, it is also desirable to keep the outer surface of the endotracheal tube clean, especially the outer surface of the secondary balloon, by being submerged in the liquid retentate, which tends to stick to the retentate, resulting in microbial enrichment.

For this reason, the present invention also provides the following further improved solutions. In the following development, the secondary balloon has the same properties in its axial direction, i.e. the same circumferential dimension and the same wall thickness everywhere, so that its production and manufacture are easier.

In this case, in order to realize the sealing of the upstream area of the retention space at the beginning of the squeezing process, the auxiliary balloon assembly further comprises a sliding ring sleeved on the outer surface of the auxiliary balloon, the inner side surface of the sliding ring is arranged to be matched with the outer wall of the tube body and well lubricated with the outer surface of the auxiliary balloon, and the outlet of the second air passage is arranged in the auxiliary balloon on the upstream side of the sliding ring. The matching of the inner side surface of the slip ring and the outer wall of the tube body means that the slip ring has the same shape and size, so that when the secondary balloon is inflated through the second air passage, the circulation of air to the downstream side of the secondary balloon is restricted due to the restriction of the slip ring, thereby causing the upstream side of the secondary balloon to be preferentially inflated; the inflated upstream side exerts a thrust on the slide ring towards the downstream side, and due to good lubrication between the inside surface of the slide ring and the outer surface of the secondary balloon (either by virtue of the lubricating properties of the material itself, or due to the lubricating effect of, for example, liquid retentate), the slide ring slides towards the downstream side, so that the secondary balloon is gradually inflated from the upstream side towards the downstream side until the retention space is maximally occupied.

Preferably, the slide ring comprises ears which are recessed upstream relative to the annular body of the slide ring, so that recesses are formed in the slide ring which are matched with the drainage openings, and the recesses can prevent the drainage openings from being blocked by the slide ring, thereby causing poor drainage.

Preferably, to prevent the slip ring from rotating about the axis of the tube during sliding, thereby causing misalignment of the ear portion of the slip ring with the drainage opening, the tube and the slip ring are each configured to have a non-circular cross-section, such as an elliptical, oval cross-section, or the like.

Preferably, an upper positioning ring is provided at an upstream end of the sub-balloon, and a lower positioning ring is provided at a downstream end of the sub-balloon adjacent to the balloon. The upper positioning ring and the lower positioning ring are used for limiting the movement of the sliding ring, wherein the upper positioning ring can be abutted against the ear part of the sliding ring, at the moment, the sliding ring and the auxiliary balloon area enclosed by the upper positioning ring are an initial inflation area, and the outlet of the second air passage is located in the initial inflation area. The lower retaining ring may prevent the slip ring from moving down excessively and compressing the balloon.

When the auxiliary balloon occupies the retention space to the maximum extent and liquid-state retention is exhausted, the gas in the auxiliary balloon is discharged through the second gas path, so that the extrusion on the inner wall of the trachea is reduced. In order to reuse the sub balloon assembly to achieve a thorough drainage operation, the sliding ring needs to be returned to the upstream side of the sub balloon after the gas in the sub balloon is discharged, so that the prior expansion of the upstream side can still be achieved when the sub balloon is inflated again.

Preferably, a first magnet is provided at an ear portion of the slip ring, a second magnet is provided at the lower positioning ring, and the first and second magnets are arranged to repel each other, so that the slip ring can return to the upstream side by the repulsive magnetic force when the pushing force applied to the slip ring by the sub-balloon disappears.

Preferably, the degree of concavity of the ear portion relative to the annular main body of the sliding ring is greater than the degree of concavity of the auxiliary balloon at the drainage port, so that when the annular main body of the sliding ring abuts against the lower positioning ring, a tube body covered by the auxiliary balloon exists in an area enclosed by the ear portion and the lower positioning ring, and an air outlet of a third air passage is formed in the tube body, so that the area is formed into a reverse inflation area. At this time, the third air passage inflates the covering area of the auxiliary balloon in the area enclosed by the ear and the lower positioning ring, and simultaneously, the air on the upstream side of the auxiliary balloon is discharged through the second air passage, so that the auxiliary balloon generates upward thrust on the sliding ring, and the sliding ring returns to the upstream side of the auxiliary balloon.

Preferably, there are a plurality of drainage mouths and corresponding drainage channels, and they are evenly distributed on the periphery of the tube body.

Preferably, the first air path, the plurality of drainage channels, the second air path and the third air path are all arranged in the tube wall of the tube body.

Preferably, the tube wall is further opened with a device passage for providing an inlet channel of an auxiliary device such as an endoscope and a cleaning passage for providing an inlet channel of a medical liquid such as cleaning or disinfection.

Preferably, when the ear portion is fixed with the first magnet, a magnetic shielding material is provided in the device passage at least in positions corresponding to the first magnet and the second magnet to prevent the auxiliary device passing therethrough from being interfered by the first magnet and the second magnet when using an examination or treatment means such as electricity, magnetism, or ultrasound.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can at least obtain the following beneficial effects: the auxiliary balloon component can be matched with an endotracheal tube, so that extremely low liquid state retention residue can be realized in any body position, and the occurrence probability of ventilator-associated pneumonia is effectively reduced; the secondary balloon is in a deflated state when the endotracheal tube is normally used and does not function; when the liquid retentate in the trachea is guided to the position where the liquid level is lower than the drainage port through the drainage port and the residual liquid retentate cannot be effectively pumped out, pressurized fluid is filled into the auxiliary balloon to expand the auxiliary balloon so as to occupy the retention space and lift the liquid level of the liquid retentate, and the drainage process is continued; the upstream section of the auxiliary balloon is expanded in preference to the downstream section through the adaptive arrangement of the auxiliary balloon structure, so that when the retention space is occupied, the upstream of the retention space can be closed, and liquid retention is prevented from being extruded upstream in the process, so that the liquid retention is prevented from being remained in the trachea.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the retention of a liquid retentate in a trachea tube according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 is an assembly schematic of the sub-balloon assembly of the present invention on an endotracheal tube;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the auxiliary balloon assembly of the present invention assisting in the removal of residual liquid retentate;

FIG. 4 is one of enlarged partial schematic views of the circled portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional illustration of the sub-balloon assembly of FIG. 4 partially inflated;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional illustration of the sub-balloon assembly corresponding to FIG. 4 when fully inflated;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional illustration at the secondary balloon assembly corresponding to FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a second enlarged partial view of the circled portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional illustration of the sub-balloon assembly of FIG. 8 when partially inflated;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional illustration of the sub-balloon assembly corresponding to FIG. 8 when fully inflated;

fig. 11 is a cross-sectional illustration at the sub-balloon assembly corresponding to fig. 8.

In the figure, 1 is a tube body, 11 is a main air passage, 12 is an equipment passage, 13 is a flushing passage, 2 is a balloon, 21 is a first air passage, 3 is an insertion end, 4 is a drainage port, 41 is a drainage channel, 5 is an air pipe, 6 is a liquid retentate, 7 is an auxiliary balloon component, 71 is an auxiliary balloon, 72 is an upper positioning ring, 73 is a sliding ring, 74 is a lower positioning ring, 75 is an ear part, 76 is a first magnet, 77 is a second magnet, 78 is a second air passage, and 79 is a third air passage.

Detailed Description

Example 1.

Referring to fig. 2, a secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube is provided, the endotracheal tube comprising a tube body 1, the tube body 1 having a main air passage 11 surrounded by a tube wall, the main air passage 11 being used for establishing an artificial airway between a lung and a breathing assistance device, the tube body 1 being provided at an insertion end 3 with a balloon 2, the balloon 2 being inflatable and expandable so that, when the endotracheal tube is placed into a trachea 5, the endotracheal tube may abut against an inner wall of the trachea 5 to fix the endotracheal tube; a drainage port 4 is arranged on the tube wall of the tube body 1 at the upstream of the balloon 2 and close to the balloon 2, the drainage port 4 is communicated with a drainage channel 41, and then liquid retentate 6 in an air suction tube 5 is allowed to be sucked by an external instrument; the auxiliary balloon component 7 is arranged on the tube body 1 at the upstream of the balloon 2, the downstream end of the auxiliary balloon component 7 is close to the upstream end of the balloon 2, and the auxiliary balloon component 7 is arranged not to cover the drainage port 4, so that the drainage port 4 can be directly contacted with the liquid retentate 6.

Referring to fig. 3, the secondary balloon assembly 7 includes a secondary balloon 71, and the downstream section of the secondary balloon 71 has a concave shape matching the drainage port 4, so that when the secondary balloon 71 is positioned on the tube 1, it does not cover the drainage port 4, thereby causing poor drainage.

The upstream section of the secondary balloon 71 has a higher expansion priority than its downstream section and when the downstream section is inflated, at least a portion of the upstream section has expanded into abutment with the inner wall of the trachea 5.

The tube wall of the tube body 1 is provided with a first air path 21 for inflating the balloon 2 and a second air path 78 for inflating the auxiliary balloon 71.

Wherein the circumferential dimension of the upstream section of the secondary balloon 71 is greater than the circumferential dimension of the downstream section thereof in a free state or uninflated state, such that when the secondary balloon 71 is inflated, the upstream section thereof expands in preference to the downstream section.

Example 2.

Referring to fig. 2-3, in contrast to example 1, the wall thickness of the upstream section of the secondary balloon 71 is smaller than the wall thickness of the downstream section thereof, so that when the secondary balloon 71 is inflated, the upstream section thereof expands in preference to the downstream section.

Example 3.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7, unlike embodiments 1 and 2, the sub-balloon 71 has the same properties in the axial direction thereof, i.e., the same circumferential dimension and the same wall thickness everywhere, and thus, the production and manufacture thereof are easier.

The secondary balloon assembly 7 further includes a sliding ring 73 sleeved on the outer surface of the secondary balloon 71, the inner side surface of the sliding ring 73 is configured to match with the outer wall of the tube body 1 and is well lubricated with the outer surface of the secondary balloon 71, and the outlet of the second air passage 78 is disposed in the secondary balloon 71 on the upstream side of the sliding ring 73. The matching of the inner surface of the slip ring 73 with the outer wall of the pipe body 1 means that they have the same shape and size.

The slide ring 73 includes ears 75, and the ears 75 are recessed toward the upstream side with respect to the annular body of the slide ring 73, so that recesses are formed in the slide ring 73 to match the vents 4, which prevents the vents 4 from being blocked by the slide ring 73, resulting in poor drainage.

Both the tubular body 1 and the slip ring 73 have a non-circular cross-section, such as an elliptical, oval cross-section, etc.

An upper positioning ring 72 is provided at an upstream end of the sub-balloon 71, and a lower positioning ring 74 is provided at a downstream end of the sub-balloon 71 adjacent to the balloon 2. The upper positioning ring 72 can abut against the ear portion 75 of the sliding ring 73, at this time, the area of the auxiliary balloon 71 enclosed by the sliding ring 73 and the upper positioning ring 72 is an initial inflation area, and the outlet of the second air passage 78 is located in the initial inflation area. The lower retaining ring 74 prevents the slip ring 73 from moving down excessively and compressing the balloon 2.

A first magnet 76 is provided on an ear portion 75 of the slip ring 73, and a second magnet 77 is provided on the lower retaining ring 74, the first and second magnets being arranged so as to repel each other, so that the slip ring 73 can return to the upstream side by the repulsive magnetic force when the thrust force applied to the slip ring 73 by the sub-balloon 71 disappears.

Example 4.

Referring to fig. 8-11, what is different from embodiment 3 is that no magnet is disposed on the sliding ring 73 and the lower positioning ring, and the degree of concavity of the ear portion 75 relative to the annular main body of the sliding ring 73 is greater than the degree of concavity of the auxiliary balloon 71 at the drainage port 4, so that when the annular main body of the sliding ring 73 abuts against the lower positioning ring 74, the tube body 1 covered by the auxiliary balloon 71 exists in the area enclosed by the ear portion 75 and the lower positioning ring 74, and the tube body 1 is provided with an air outlet of the third air passage 79, so that the area is formed as a reverse inflation area. At this time, the third air passage 79 inflates the covered area of the sub-balloon 71 located in the area surrounded by the ear portion 75 and the lower positioning ring 74, and at the same time, the second air passage 78 discharges the air on the upstream side of the sub-balloon 71, so that the sub-balloon 71 pushes the slide ring 73 upward and the slide ring 73 returns to the upstream side of the sub-balloon 71.

Preferably, the drainage openings 4 and the corresponding drainage channels 41 are provided in a plurality and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the tube body 1.

Preferably, the first air channel 21, the plurality of drainage channels 41, the second air channel 78 and the third air channel 79 are all arranged in the tube wall of the tube body 1.

Preferably, the tube wall further has a device passage 12 for providing an access channel for auxiliary devices such as an endoscope, and a cleaning passage 13 for providing an access channel for medical solutions such as cleaning or disinfection.

Preferably, when the ear portion 75 is fixed with the first magnet 76, a magnetic shielding material is provided in the device passage 12 at least at positions corresponding to the first magnet 76 and the second magnet 77 so as to prevent the auxiliary device passing therethrough from being interfered by the first magnet 76 and the second magnet 77 when using an examination or treatment means such as electricity, magnetism, or ultrasound.

The above is merely an example of the preferred embodiments of the concept of the present invention, but the feasible embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above, and the embodiments obtained by the modification manner such as replacement by the conventional means without creative efforts by those of ordinary skill in the art also belong to the scope of the feasible embodiments of the present invention, and the actual protection scope of the present invention is subject to the content of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube comprising a tube (1), the tube (1) having a main airway (11) surrounded by a tube wall, a balloon (2) being provided at an insertion end (3) of the tube (1), the balloon (2) being inflatable and distensible to secure the endotracheal tube within a trachea (5); a drainage port (4) is arranged on the tube wall of the tube body (1) which is arranged at the upstream of the saccule (2) and is close to the saccule (2); the method is characterized in that: the secondary balloon component (7) is arranged on the tube body (1) at the upstream of the balloon (2), and the downstream end of the secondary balloon component (7) is close to the upstream end of the balloon (2); the secondary balloon assembly (7) comprises a secondary balloon (71), the downstream section of the secondary balloon (71) having a concavity matching the drainage port (4) so as not to cover the drainage port (4) when the secondary balloon (71) is positioned on the tube (1); wherein an upstream section of the secondary balloon (71) has a higher inflation priority than a downstream section thereof, and when the downstream section is inflated, at least a portion of the upstream section has inflated against the inner wall of the trachea (5).

2. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 1 wherein: and a first air path (21) for inflating the balloon (2) and a second air path (78) for inflating the auxiliary balloon (71) are formed in the wall of the tube body (1).

3. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 2 wherein: the upstream section of the secondary balloon (71), in the free state or uninflated, has a circumferential dimension greater than that of the downstream section thereof, so that when the secondary balloon (71) is inflated, its upstream section expands in preference to the downstream section.

4. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 2 wherein: the wall thickness of the upstream section of the secondary balloon (71) is smaller than the wall thickness of the downstream section thereof, so that when the secondary balloon (71) is inflated, the upstream section thereof expands in preference to the downstream section.

5. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 2 wherein: the secondary balloons (71) have the same properties in the direction of their axes; the auxiliary balloon assembly (7) further comprises a sliding ring (73) sleeved on the outer surface of the auxiliary balloon (71), the inner side surface of the sliding ring (73) is matched with the outer wall of the pipe body (1) and is well lubricated with the outer surface of the auxiliary balloon (71), and the outlet of the second air passage (78) is arranged in the auxiliary balloon (71) on the upstream side of the sliding ring (73).

6. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 5 wherein: the slide ring (73) includes ears (75), and the ears (75) are recessed toward the upstream side with respect to the annular main body of the slide ring (73), so that recesses that match the vents (4) are formed in the slide ring (73).

7. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 6 wherein: the tube body (1) and the slip ring (73) both have a non-circular cross-section.

8. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 7 wherein: an upper positioning ring (72) is arranged at the upstream end part of the auxiliary balloon (71), and a lower positioning ring (74) is arranged at the downstream end part of the auxiliary balloon (71) adjacent to the balloon (2); the upper positioning ring (72) can abut against the ear part (75) of the sliding ring (73) to enclose an initial inflation area of the auxiliary balloon (71), and the outlet of the second air passage (78) is positioned in the initial inflation area.

9. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 8 wherein: the ear (75) of the slip ring (73) is provided with a first magnet (76), the lower positioning ring (74) is provided with a second magnet (77), and the first and second magnets are arranged to repel each other.

10. A secondary balloon assembly for an endotracheal tube according to claim 8 wherein: the sunken degree of ear (75) for the cyclic annular main part of sliding ring (73) is greater than the sunken degree of vice sacculus (71) in drainage mouth (4) department, when the cyclic annular main part of sliding ring (73) support to lean on down holding ring (74), there is body (1) that is covered by vice sacculus (71) in the region that ear (75) and lower holding ring (74) enclose and the gas outlet of seting up third gas circuit (79) on body (1) here for this region forms reverse inflation district.

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